Compact trenching machine

Abstract

FIELD: earthmoving equipment.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to trenching machines. The compact trenching machine includes a tracked chassis with an engine, transmission, hydraulic drive and control system mounted on it. In the nose section of the tracked chassis, a frame with a hydraulic cylinder is installed, to the upper part of which an auger-type earthmoving working element is attached, including an auger cutter with cutters and a scoring cutter and half of the casing, secured at one end to the frame, and at the other end to the lower support of the auger-type earthmoving working element, a drive gearbox with a hydraulic motor, side trimmers with a drive gearbox and a hydraulic motor. A pushing rod is pivotally attached to the lower support of the auger milling working element, on which a support slide with a hydraulic cylinder for its control is mounted, and the other end of the pushing rod is attached to the nose of the tracked chassis. The compact trenching machine is configured to be controlled from the operator's workstation or remotely via radio.EFFECT: ability to dig trenches of a given profile in light and hard soils, reducing the visibility of the trenching machine from enemy reconnaissance equipment and the likelihood of damage to the trenching machine and operator from enemy fire.3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

[0001] The invention relates to earthmoving equipment, and more specifically, to trenching machines. When performing trench digging tasks under fire conditions, it is necessary to reduce the visibility of trenching machines from enemy reconnaissance assets. Currently, large trench digging machines, 3 to 4 meters high, with chain or rotary working tools capable of digging trenches up to two meters deep are typically used for trench digging. Due to the large dimensions of their base chassis, they are visible from great distances from the excavation work site and, as a result, are susceptible to enemy fire.

[0002] In order to reduce the visibility of earthmoving equipment, a small-sized trenching machine is being developed that is located in a buried state during operation.

[0003] A similar auger excavator (patent no. 2450107) is known. It consists of a crawler tractor, a vertical power take-off shaft, hydraulic control cylinders, and an auger located between the tracks. During operation, one end of the auger is lowered by a hydraulic cylinder, digging a trench. The main disadvantages of this excavator are the lack of a cover over the auger, which prevents the excavated soil from being transported to the top of the trench, and the inability to dig the trench covertly when buried.

[0004] A known ditch digger tool (patent no. 2023112) is an analogue comprising an auger-cutting unit, the upper part of which is connected to a rotary thrower and a casing. The cutter is composite, consisting of at least two augers rotating at different speeds. The main drawback of this tool is that it can only be used in light soils, as the upper part of the auger, together with the thrower rotor, rotates at high peripheral speeds (10 to 20 m / s). At such cutting speeds in hard soils, high dynamic loads will occur, leading to premature failure of the tool.

[0005] A trenching device (patent no. 2381332) is known. It is based on a prototype comprising a tractor, an auger assembly connected to the tractor's power take-off shaft and adjustable to an angle of up to 45° relative to the ground surface, and a single-axle trailer with a ballast container, which is connected to the tractor via tie-rods. The device operates as follows. When the drive is engaged, the lower end of the auger assembly lowers as the tractor moves, beginning the trenching process. The excavated soil is lifted from the face by the auger and stored in a waste pile. To prevent the auger assembly from being pushed into the trench, its lower end is pressed against the face using the tie-rod and ballast.

[0006] The main disadvantages of the device are the complexity of its design (the presence of a trailer with ballast) and the lack of the ability to secretly dig a trench.

[0007] The technical solution is achieved by mounting a frame with a hydraulic cylinder on a tracked chassis, which includes the engine, transmission, hydraulic drive, and control system. The upper portion of the frame houses the auger milling tool. The tool includes an auger milling cutter with cutters and a scoring cutter, a hemispherical casing secured at one end to the frame and at the other to the lower support of the tool; a drive gearbox with a hydraulic motor; and side trimmers with a drive gearbox and a hydraulic motor.

[0008] A push rod with a support ski and its control hydraulic cylinder is pivotally attached to the lower support of the working element. The other end of the push rod is attached to the lower nose of the tracked chassis.

[0009] The proposed compact trenching machine design enables digging trenches up to two meters deep, with a bottom width of 0.8 to 1.0 meters and a top width of 0.9 to 1.2 meters. The profile of the trench being dug allows for placement and movement of the trenching machine. During operation, the machine moves along the trench bottom, and its overall height, taking into account the height of the parapets, does not exceed the depth of the trench being dug, ensuring concealment during excavation work.

[0010] The trenching machine is controlled both from the operator's workstation and remotely via cable or radio channel.

[0011] The essence of the invention is explained by drawings.

[0012] Fig. 1 - general view of a small-sized trenching machine (from the side);

[0013] Fig. 2 - general view of a small-sized trenching machine (from behind);

[0014] Fig. 3 - general view of the side trimmers (front).

[0015] The proposed compact trenching machine (Fig. 1) includes a tracked chassis (1) with an engine (2), transmission (3), hydraulic drive (4) and control system (5) installed on it. In the front part of the tracked chassis, a frame (6) with a hydraulic cylinder (7) is installed, to the upper part of which an auger-type earthmoving working element (8) is attached. The auger-milling earthmoving working element (8) includes an auger cutter (9) with cutters (10) and a hemispherical casing (11) fixed at the rear, a drive gearbox (12) with a hydraulic motor (13), two side trimmers (14) (Fig. 1 and Fig. 3) with a drive gearbox (15) and a hydraulic motor (16), as well as a lower support (17) (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) with a scoring cutter (18). A pushing rod (19) is pivotally fixed to the lower support (17) of the auger-milling working element (8), on which a support ski (20) with a hydraulic cylinder (21) for its control is mounted, and the other end of the pushing rod (19) is fixed to the nose section of the track chassis.

[0016] The operating principle of the proposed small-sized trenching machine is as follows.

[0017] When the auger cutter (9) is switched on, it is moved into the working position by means of the frame (6) with the hydraulic cylinder (7) and begins to dig into the ground. In this case, the track chassis (1) moves forward along the bottom of the formed trench (22) (Fig. 2). The soil developed by the cutters, due to the closed space formed by the front, side walls of the trench and the hemispherical casing (11), is lifted upward by the auger cutter (9) (Fig. 1) and fed by means of the side trimmers (14) (Fig. 1 and Fig. 3) into the dump, thereby forming parapets (23) on the sides of the trench. When the working element reaches the required trench depth, the hydraulic cylinder (21) lowers the skid (20). In steady-state mode, this prevents the working element from sinking into the ground unintentionally, thereby maintaining the specified trench depth. The undercut cutter (18) loosens the soil at the bottom of the auger cutter (9), thereby ensuring movement of the lower support (17) along the trench bottom.The pushing rod (19) holds the auger-type earthmoving working element (8) during the process of digging a trench from spontaneous deepening under the influence of loads arising during soil development.

[0018] Using the proposed small-sized trenching machine will allow:

[0019] - dig trenches of a given profile in light and strong soils;

[0020] - reduce the visibility of the trench vehicle from enemy reconnaissance equipment;

[0021] - reduce the likelihood of damage to the trench machine and operator from enemy fire.

[0022] Calculations show that due to the implementation of the proposed invention, the losses of trench machines and their crews during combat operations will be significantly reduced.

Claims

1. A compact trenching machine comprising a tracked chassis with an engine, transmission, hydraulic drive and control system mounted thereon, characterized in that a frame with a hydraulic cylinder is mounted in the nose section of the tracked chassis, to the upper part of which an auger-type excavation working element is attached, including an auger cutter with cutters and a scoring cutter and half of a casing secured at one end to the frame and at the other end to the lower support of the auger-type excavation working element; a drive gearbox with a hydraulic motor, side trimmers with a drive gearbox and a hydraulic motor, while a pushing rod is pivotally attached to the lower support of the auger-type excavation working element, on which a support ski with a hydraulic cylinder for its control is mounted, and the other end of the pushing rod is attached to the nose section of the tracked chassis.

2. A small-sized trenching machine according to paragraph 1, characterized in that it is designed to be controlled from the operator’s workstation.

3. A small-sized trenching machine according to paragraph 1, characterized in that it is designed with the possibility of remote control via a radio channel.

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