Bathhouse or sauna, stove for bathhouse or sauna, and automatic climate control system for operation of bathhouse or sauna

Abstract

FIELD: climate control.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to devices for controlling microclimate parameters in a steam room of a bathhouse or sauna and devices for creating and maintaining a specified temperature-humidity regime and air exchange in rooms for thermal procedures. A bathhouse or sauna with an automatic climate control system comprises a bathhouse or sauna stove, in the body of which a channel for preparing a steam-air mixture with at least one automatically controlled heater is located. Under the automatically controlled heater there is an evaporator, made in the form of a steam generator. A temperature and humidity sensor is installed in the bathhouse or sauna, located 15-20 cm above the bench level. The bathhouse or sauna is equipped with three air ducts: a supply air duct with a fan and electric air valve, a supply air duct for adjusting the room's gradient with a fan and electric valve, and an exhaust air duct with an exhaust fan, all connected to the automatic climate control system's control unit. The control unit of the automatic climate control system of a bathhouse or sauna controls the operation of remotely controlled elements and sensors of the bathhouse or sauna stove, as well as sensors installed in the bathhouse or sauna itself, in accordance with the pre-selected specific type of procedure process. The automatic climate control system is additionally equipped with a control panel with the ability to set the user's body parameters, a program for calculating the time of user’s safe stay in the sauna, and a warning system located inside the control panel.EFFECT: increasing the safety of using a bathhouse or sauna during rapid changes in temperature and humidity conditions by providing a temperature gradient in the sauna room by levels, tracking the safe time of visitors' stay in the sauna to prevent overheating of the human core depending on the person's parameters, and optimizing energy consumption.10 cl, 6 dwg

Description

[0001] Technical field.

[0002] The group of inventions is intended to satisfy the vital needs of a person, and relates to devices for controlling the microclimate parameters in the steam room of a bathhouse or sauna, as well as to devices used to create and maintain a given temperature-humidity regime and air exchange in the steam rooms of bathhouses or saunas and rooms for thermal procedures.

[0003] Prior art.

[0004] A device for controlling the microclimate parameters in the steam room of a Russian bath (variants) is known (analogue - Patent RU 2691516, IPC A61H 33 / 06 (2006.01), 2019).

[0005] The disadvantages of this solution include the complexity of the piping-based design, low maintainability, lack of precise humidity control and maintenance, and the inability to smoothly adjust power. Other disadvantages include the inability to create an adjustable temperature gradient or no gradient between the ceiling and the shelf, the lack of an adjustable supply and exhaust ventilation system, and the lack of a function for redistributing the power consumption of each functional element.

[0006] An electric stove for a Russian bath is known, including an insulated stove body, an electric heater, heat-accumulating elements, a temperature sensor for the heat-accumulating elements, characterized in that the insulated stove body is made with a sealed base and side walls fixed thereto, and the electric heaters are placed in the insulated stove body between the heat-accumulating elements, wherein each electric heater is made in the form of a heat-conducting flask in which a tubular electric heater is fixed, and the heat-accumulating elements are made in the form of steel rods, wherein an air supply ventilation duct is also built into the insulated stove body, containing a fan with a check valve configured to supply air through air gaps between the heat-accumulating elements, wherein the fan with a check valve,the temperature sensor of the heat-accumulating elements and the electric heater are designed with the possibility of connection to the control unit (analogue - patent RU 2738678, IPC F24C 7 / 00, F24C 7 / 04, A61H 33 / 06 (2006.01), 2020).,

[0007] The disadvantages of this solution are the lack of a built-in steam generator and a precise humidity control system, the focus primarily on heat accumulation, the inability to regulate the air temperature in the room independently of the temperature of the heat-accumulating elements (the heater's filling), and the lack of a function for redistributing the power consumption of each functional element.

[0008] A method is known for maintaining the temperature regime of a steam room of a bathhouse, which includes the following steps, namely, setting the maximum temperature for the air t1 in the steam room of the bathhouse, which is selected in the range from 0 ° C to 80 ° C, setting the maximum temperature for the ceiling t2, which is selected in the range from 20 ° C to 150 ° C, setting a comfortable heating temperature for the bath shelf and turning off the cooler of the coolant of the surface of the bath shelf t3, which is selected in the range from 0 ° C to 50 ° C, setting the maximum excess temperature for the bath shelf Δt3 when the bath shelf overheats above the selected t3, which is selected in the range from 0.5 ° C to 3 ° C, measuring the current air temperatures t в , ceiling surfaces t пт and the surface of the bath shelf t плкand control of switching on / off the heating elements of the ceiling, the heater and cooler of the coolant of the bath shelf in accordance with the conditions, namely, when the conditions t are simultaneously met в <t1и t пт <t2прогревают поверхность потолка посредством включения потолочных нагревательных элементов, при выполнении хотя бы одного из условий t пт ≥t2or t в ≥t1turn off heating of the ceiling surface by ceiling heating elements when the condition t is met плк <t3прогревают поверхность банной полки, которая снабжена трубчатыми теплообменными элементами с жидким теплоносителем и облицована плотными каменными материалами, посредством включения нагревателя теплоносителя, при выполнении условия t плк ≥t3the heater of the bath shelf coolant is switched off when the condition t is met плк≥(t3+Δt3) reduce the temperature of the entire surface of the bath shelf to temperature t3 by turning on the cooler of the heat carrier of the bath shelf, where (t3+Δt3) is the operating temperature of the cooler of the heat carrier of the surface of the bath shelf (analogue - patent RU 2636870, IPC A61H 33 / 06 (2006.01), 2017).

[0009] The disadvantage of this solution is the complexity of the design, the inability to distribute temperatures across the areas of the room (shelves, ceiling), and the inability to control the humidity regime, prepare the steam-air mixture, and the lack of a controlled supply and exhaust ventilation system.

[0010] An electric furnace is known that comprises a base, a housing in which a steam generator, an electric convector and an electric heater are located, and a controller, in which the steam generator contains a cavity divided into a central and peripheral zone, in which in the peripheral zone, intended for filling with water, a water level sensor and at least one water tubular electric heater (TEN) are located, and in the central zone there is at least one air TEN of the steam generator and steam channels located in the upper part and connected to the peripheral zone, the electric convector and the electric heater contain at least one air TEN, and the electric heater has a bottom for placing stones and a lid, while in the lower parts of the steam generator, the electric convector and the electric heater there is an air supply, and the controller controls the operation of the TENs of the electric furnace to establish its operating mode.Room temperature and humidity sensors are connected to the controller to regulate their readings. An air duct with a fan, controlled by the controller, is connected to the base of the electric heater. A thermostat is installed at the bottom of the heater to turn off the heating elements when the temperature reaches 600-650°C (patent RU 2836960, IPC F24C 7 / 04, F22B 1 / 28 (2006.01), 2024).

[0011] The disadvantages of this solution include the placement of the steam generator and heater in separate, unconnected zones, which cannot ensure the required microclimate is maintained. There is no humidity control system or supply and exhaust ventilation system, and no function for redistributing the power consumption of each functional element. Supply air is fed directly to the heater without prior preparation.

[0012] A sauna or air bath is known with a bathing room, a heater, an air duct for supply and exhaust air, an exhaust air control device and control of the bathing process parameters, in particular the air temperature and humidity. The exhaust air control device (7a, 8) can be driven by an exhaust air controller (10) with at least one sensor (14 and / or 15) for determining the O2 content and / or for determining the CO2 content in the bathing room (2) as an air quality parameter. The control of the exhaust air is connected to the control of the steaming process, forming an automatic climate control system. The sauna is equipped with at least one humidity sensor (18) for determining the air humidity in the bathing room, at least one temperature sensor (16, 17) for determining the temperature in the bathing room, at least one sensor (19, 20) for determining the air exchange parameters.The sauna is equipped with a device (20) for determining the frequency of people's presence, which is designed to detect the process of opening the door (5) to the bath room (see patent DE19844649, IPC A61H 33 / 06 (2006.01), 2000). This solution is adopted as a prototype.

[0013] A drawback of the prototype is the inability to track the duration of a user's stay in the sauna to prevent overheating. The occupancy detection device only tracks door openings and cannot determine whether the door was opened for entry or exit, as the sauna is typically used by multiple people. Another drawback is the separate heater from the evaporator, complicating climate control. Another drawback of the prototype is the placement of the supply air duct near the heater and the lack of a second supply air duct, which prevents the creation of a controlled temperature gradient between the ceiling and bench level.

[0014] Disclosure of the essence of the invention.

[0015] The technical problem solved by the invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of the prototype, ensure rapid change of temperature and humidity conditions and control of the time of safe stay in the steam room before the human core overheats.

[0016] The technical result of using all the essential features of the group of inventions consists in a rapid change in the temperature and humidity conditions, an increase in the response speed of all system devices, ensuring tracking of the time the user spends in the sauna to prevent overheating of the human core depending on the parameters of the person, the temperature and humidity parameters in the room and the steaming modes, and the optimization of energy consumption.

[0017] The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a known bathhouse or sauna containing a shelf, a heater, an evaporator, a supply air duct located above the heater, and an exhaust air duct with an exhaust air regulation device driven by an exhaust air regulator, sensors for monitoring air temperature and humidity parameters and air exchange parameters, wherein the exhaust air regulator and the sensors are connected to the control of the steaming process by the automatic climate control system of the bathhouse or sauna, in accordance with the invention, the bathhouse or sauna is equipped with a second supply air duct located in the upper part of the bathhouse or sauna above the shelf with a temperature gradient regulation fan placed in it and a controlled electric air valve; the exhaust air duct is located under the shelf; a sensor for monitoring temperature and humidity parameters is installed in the shelf area;a sauna or bathhouse is equipped with a stove, in the body of which a channel for preparing a steam-air mixture is made with at least one automatically controlled heater placed in it and an evaporator located under it, made in the form of a steam generator, equipped with a liquid level sensor and devices for maintaining the liquid level, in addition, an internal heat-insulated air channel is made in the body of the stove with a blower installed in it, in the lower part of the said channel on the wall of the stove body there are two openings with controlled valves, located at different levels vertically, and in its upper part the said channel is combined with a channel for preparing a steam-air mixture;The automatic climate control system for a sauna or bathhouse is additionally equipped with a control panel for pre-setting the parameters of the bathhouse or sauna operating modes and recording the user's body parameters, a control unit to which remotely controlled electronic elements and sensors of the stove and all controlled sensors and electronic elements of the bathhouse or sauna are connected, a program for calculating the time and notifying of safe stay in the sauna and an algorithm for redistributing the power consumption of electricity.

[0018] The sauna or bathhouse is equipped with a stove, in the channel for preparing the steam-air mixture of which two or more automatically controlled heaters are placed.

[0019] The sauna or bathhouse is equipped with a stove in which the first opening with a controlled damper is made on the wall of the stove body of the internal heat-insulated air duct at the shelf level.

[0020] The sauna or bathhouse is equipped with a stove in which a second opening with a controlled damper is made on the wall of the stove body of the internal heat-insulated air duct at the floor level of the sauna or bathhouse.

[0021] The sauna or bath is equipped with an additional electric heater connected to the control unit of the automatic climate control system of the bath or sauna.

[0022] The sauna or bath is equipped with a panel of buttons for manual control of the functions of the automatic climate control system of the bath or sauna.

[0023] The construction of a sauna or bathhouse equipped with a second supply air duct located in the upper part of the sauna or bathhouse above the bench, with a temperature gradient regulating fan placed in it, controlled by an electric air valve;in which the exhaust air duct is located under the shelf, and a sensor for monitoring the temperature and humidity parameters is installed in the shelf area, and equipped with a furnace, in the body of which a channel for preparing a steam-air mixture is made with at least one automatically controlled heater placed in it and an evaporator located under it, made in the form of a steam generator, equipped with a liquid level sensor and devices for maintaining the liquid level, in addition, an internal heat-insulated air channel is made in the furnace body with a blower fan installed in it, in the lower part of the said channel on the wall of the furnace body there are two openings with controlled valves, located at different levels vertically, and in its upper part the said channel is combined with the channel for preparing the steam-air mixture;Moreover, the automatic climate control system of a bathhouse or sauna is additionally equipped with a control panel for preliminary recording of the user's body parameters, a control unit to which remotely controlled electronic elements and sensors of the stove and all controlled sensors and electronic elements of the bathhouse or sauna are connected, and a program for calculating the time of safe stay in the sauna and an algorithm for redistributing the power consumption of electricity, which allows for a rapid change in the temperature and humidity regime, increases the response speed of all devices in the system, and ensures tracking of the time spent in the sauna to prevent overheating of the human core depending on the parameters of the person.

[0024] The presence of a second supply air duct located in the upper part of the sauna or bathhouse above the bench, with a temperature gradient adjustment fan located in it, controlled by an electric air valve; the placement of an exhaust air duct under the bench; and a temperature and humidity control sensor installed in the bench area ensures rapid changes in temperature and humidity conditions and adjustment of the temperature gradient along the height of the steam room.

[0025] Due to the presence in the sauna or bathhouse of a stove, in the body of which a channel for preparing a steam-air mixture is made with at least one automatically controlled heater placed in it and an evaporator located under it, made in the form of a steam generator, equipped with a liquid level sensor and devices for maintaining the liquid level, in addition, an internal heat-insulated air channel is made in the body of the stove with a blower installed in it, in the lower part of the said channel on the wall of the stove body there are two openings with controlled valves located at different levels vertically, and in its upper part the said channel is combined with the channel for preparing the steam-air mixture, and remotely controlled electronic elements are connected to the control unit of the automatic climate control system of the sauna, a quick change in the temperature and humidity regime of the sauna is ensured.

[0026] The presence of an automatic climate control system for a sauna or bathhouse, which is additionally equipped with a control unit, to which the remotely controlled electronic elements of the stove and all controlled sensors and electronic elements of the sauna or bathhouse are connected, as well as a control panel for preliminary recording of the user's body parameters and a program for calculating the safe time of stay in the sauna and an algorithm for redistributing the power consumption of electricity ensures an increase in the response speed of all devices in the system and tracking the time the visitor spends in the sauna to prevent overheating of the human core, depending on the person's parameters.In addition, due to the presence of an automatic climate control system in the sauna, equipped with a program with an established algorithm for the redistribution of electrical power consumption, it is ensured, depending on the state of the temperature and humidity conditions and the temperature of the heat accumulator in the heater, that one or more heating elements of the stove are switched off and the connection of the released electrical power to other functional units, namely to other heating elements (the steam generator heater, for example), depending on the need to quickly achieve the corresponding parameter, while energy consumption is optimized, since the total power consumption does not exceed the declared one.

[0027] A stove with an evaporation bath below the stove is known. The sauna stove (14) consists of a casing (16) made of heat-resistant material and fixed on a frame (15). A basket (17) with stones (19) is inserted into the upper part of the frame (15). A heating device (20) for heating the sauna room (11) is installed under the basket (17). To operate in various sauna modes, for example in the steam sauna or biosteam sauna mode, in addition to the dry sauna mode, each of which is characterized by a different ratio of temperature in the sauna and air humidity, an evaporation bath (24) for liquid is located under the stove (14) at some distance from its bottom (23). A heating device (25) is installed in this evaporation bath (24). To create different sauna modes, the heating device (25) can be switched on at set temperature values ​​of the adjustable heating device (20) of the stove (14) (see patent DE3404892A1, IPC A61H33 / 06, 1985). This solution is adopted as a prototype.

[0028] The disadvantage of this solution is the lack of air flow control, as well as the inability to regulate humidity in the sauna room or independently heat the air and stones in the heater. Furthermore, there is no automatic water level control system for the steam generator.

[0029] The technical problem solved by the invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of the prototype, to create a compact furnace equipped with an automatic system for regulating all indicators of temperature, air humidity, heating speed and to increase the safety level of using the furnace.

[0030] The technical result achieved through the use of all the essential features of the invention consists in providing automatic control of the furnace parameters, rapid change of temperature and humidity conditions, increasing the accuracy and speed of microclimate control in the steam room due to automatic regulation of temperature, absolute humidity (dew point temperature) and air exchange, increasing maintainability and ease of control of furnace parameters.

[0031] The technical result achieved is achieved due to the fact that in a known stove for a bath or sauna, comprising a housing with a channel for preparing a steam-air mixture made therein with at least one automatically controlled heater placed therein and an evaporator located underneath it, made in the form of a steam generator equipped with a liquid level sensor and devices for maintaining the liquid level, wherein the automatically controlled heater and the steam generator are made with the possibility of controlling the temperature regime, in accordance with the invention, an internal heat-insulated air channel is made in the housing with a blower fan installed therein, in the lower part of said channel on the wall of the stove housing there are two openings with controlled valves located at different levels vertically, and in its upper part said channel is combined with a channel for preparing a steam-air mixture;All remotely controlled electronic elements and sensors of the stove are connected to the control unit of the automatic climate control system of the bathhouse or sauna.

[0032] Two or more automatically controlled heaters are located in the furnace steam-air mixture preparation channel.

[0033] The blower fan is installed in an internal heat-insulated air duct in the area located under the steam generator.

[0034] The first hole with a controlled damper is made on the wall of the furnace body of the internal heat-insulated air duct at the shelf level.

[0035] The second hole with a controlled valve is made on the wall of the furnace body of the internal heat-insulated air duct at the floor level of the sauna or bathhouse.

[0036] The sauna or bath stove contains a multi-level protection system, including a sensor for emergency overheating of the steam generator tank and an emergency water drain system with an overflow fitting, connected to the control unit of the automatic climate control system of the sauna.

[0037] The design of the furnace, in the body of which an internal heat-insulated air duct with a blower fan installed in it is additionally made, in the lower part of the said duct on the wall of the furnace body there are two openings with controlled valves located at different levels vertically, and in its upper part the said duct is combined with a duct for preparing a steam-air mixture, and all remotely controlled electronic elements (sensors?) of the furnace are connected to the control unit of the automatic climate control system of the sauna or bathhouse ensures maintainability and ease of control of the furnace parameters, quick change of the temperature and humidity regime, increased accuracy, speed, safety and ease of control of the microclimate in the steam room due to automatic regulation of temperature, absolute humidity and air exchange.

[0038] The presence of an internal heat-insulated air duct with a blower fan in the furnace body, where in the lower part of the air duct on the wall of the body there are two openings with dampers located at different vertical levels, and in the upper part of the air duct the said duct is connected with a duct for preparing a steam-air mixture. This allows for the adjustment of air exchange depending on the number of people in the room and also allows for the circulation of the steam-air mixture in the bathhouse or sauna either throughout the entire volume of the room (with the damper of the second, lower opening open) or in the space between the bench and the ceiling (with the damper of the second, lower opening closed), which helps reduce losses due to heating and humidification of air in the area where steaming does not occur (i.e., in the space between the bench and the floor). Thermal insulation of the air duct increases the efficiency of the furnace and ensures safety for visitors.

[0039] The supply of saturated steam from the steam generator to the steam-air mixture preparation channel, which is connected to the upper part of the heat-insulated air channel, for mixing with the air coming from the sauna and additional heating is necessary for the preparation of a steam-air mixture with precisely controlled parameters (temperature, humidity) before supplying it to the room, which differs from analogs supplying superheated steam or steam separately from air.

[0040] Connecting sensors that control the heating and steam generation processes of the stove with the control unit of the automatic climate control system of the bathhouse or sauna ensures automatic control of the stove parameters, quick change of temperature and humidity conditions, increasing the accuracy and speed of control of the microclimate of the bathhouse or sauna as a whole.

[0041] A multi-level protection system (emergency drain, tank body overheating sensor, software parameter limitation) is necessary to ensure the safety and durability of the device, especially when used in automatic mode.

[0042] An automatic sauna climate control system is known that controls the heater, evaporator, exhaust air shutoff device, and fans according to a pre-selected specific treatment type, such as a sauna, a humid sauna, or a steam bath. The automatic climate control system also contains a large number of sensors that:

[0043] - detect environmental parameters or external influences (such as air pressure sensor, air humidity sensor and temperature sensor.)

[0044] - records the air quality parameters in the bathroom and contains at least one sensor 14 for determining the CO2 content in the air in the bathroom, at least one sensor 15 for determining the O2 content in the bathroom, which can be provided as an alternative or in addition to the sensor 14, at least two temperature sensors 16 and 17, wherein the sensor 16 determines the temperature in the bathroom 2, and the sensor 17 serves as overheating protection, turning off the system when the maximum temperature is exceeded, and at least one humidity sensor 18 for determining the air humidity in the bathroom.

[0045] - the third group of sensors, determine the parameters of air exchange or air replacement.

[0046] The third group contains devices for determining the actual opening state of the shut-off device 7a for the exhaust air, a device for determining the actual operation of the fans, and a sensor 20, which is located in the area of ​​the door 5 and determines the frequency of stay of people, expediently determining how often or for what time the door 5 is opened.

[0047] All recorded values ​​are summarized in the climate control system 10, compared with the set values, and used to control the bathing process itself, taking into account the maintenance of the typical and necessary temperature and humidity for the selected type of bathing, as well as to maintain a constant special climate in the sauna, i.e., air quality, by ensuring the necessary air exchange, regardless of subjective sensations and with maximum energy efficiency.

[0048] For this purpose, the automatic climate control system 10 controls the heater and the evaporator, the opening and closing or the change in the flow cross-section of the shut-off device 7a for the exhaust air and the operation of the fans 8a, 8b (see patent DE19844649, IPC A61H 33 / 06 (2006.01), 2000). This solution is adopted as a prototype.

[0049] The disadvantage of the known climate control system is the inability to track the safe time of each visitor's stay in the steam room before the human core overheats, and the inability to create a controlled temperature gradient across the levels of the room.

[0050] The technical problem solved by the invention is to eliminate the disadvantage of the prototype, ensuring control of the time of safe stay in the steam room before the human core overheats while ensuring a rapid change in temperature and humidity conditions.

[0051] The technical result of using all the essential features of the invention consists in increasing the safety of using a bathhouse or sauna during rapid changes in temperature and humidity conditions by providing a temperature gradient in the sauna room by levels, tracking the time of safe stay of visitors in the sauna to prevent overheating of the human core depending on the parameters of the person, and optimizing energy consumption.

[0052] The technical result achieved is due to the fact that in the known automatic climate control system for a bathhouse or sauna, configured to control the operation of a heater, a steam generator, a control device for exhaust air and fans in accordance with a pre-selected specific type of procedure-taking process and containing a large number of sensors that are configured to determine the parameters of the environment or external influences, and record the air quality parameters in the bathhouse or sauna, determine the parameters of air exchange or air replacement, in accordance with the invention, the automatic climate control system for a bathhouse or sauna equipped with a stove is additionally equipped with a control panel for pre-setting the parameters of the bathhouse or sauna operating modes and recording the parameters of the user's body, a control unit,with which the remotely controlled electronic sensors of the stove and all controlled sensors and electronic elements of the bathhouse or sauna are connected, a program for calculating the time and alerting about the safe stay in the bathhouse or sauna, and an algorithm for redistributing the power consumption of electricity.

[0053] Due to the fact that the automatic climate control system of the sauna is equipped with a control panel for preliminary recording of the user's body parameters, a control unit to which remotely controlled electronic sensors of the stove and all controlled sensors and electronic elements of the bathhouse or sauna are connected, a program for calculating the time and notification of safe stay in the bathhouse or sauna, and an algorithm for redistributing the power consumption, the safety of using the bathhouse or sauna is increased during rapid changes in the temperature and humidity conditions by providing a temperature gradient in the sauna room by levels, tracking the time of safe stay of visitors in the sauna to prevent overheating of the human core depending on the parameters of the person, and optimizing energy consumption.

[0054] Brief description of drawings.

[0055] Fig. 1 - Automatic climate control system diagram.

[0056] Fig. 2 - General view of a bathhouse or sauna with an automatic climate control system

[0057] Fig. 3 - General view of the stove for a bath or sauna (longitudinal section).

[0058] Fig. 4 - General view of the stove for a bath or sauna (cross-section).

[0059] Fig. 5 - Graph of the gradient-free mode by levels of a bathhouse or sauna.

[0060] Fig. 6 - Graph of adjustable temperature gradient by levels of a bath or sauna.

[0061] Implementation of the invention.

[0062] A bathhouse or sauna (see Fig. 1, 2) with an automatic climate control system 1 comprises a stove 2 for a bathhouse or sauna, in the body of which a channel 3 for preparing a steam-air mixture with at least one automatically controlled heater 4 is located. There may be two or more automatically controlled heaters 4. Under the automatically controlled heater 4, an evaporator is located, made in the form of a steam generator 5 (see Fig. 3, 4). The heater 4 can be made in the form of a heating element. A sensor for monitoring temperature and humidity parameters 6 (see Fig. 2) is installed in the sauna room of the bathhouse or sauna. The sensor 6, which measures the temperature and humidity in the steam room, is located in the bathhouse or sauna room at the level of the shelf 42, 15 - 20 cm higher than the shelf.

[0063] The bathhouse or sauna is equipped with a supply air duct 7 with a fan 8 and an electric air valve 9 located therein, a supply air duct for adjusting the gradient by room levels 10 with a fan 11 and an electric valve 12 located therein, an air duct for exhausting air 13 with an exhaust fan 14 located therein, connected to a control unit 15 of the automatic climate control system 1. The air duct for exhausting air 13 is located under the shelf 42, diagonally from the supply air duct 7.

[0064] The steam generator 5 is equipped with a water level sensor 16, a minimum permissible water level sensor 17, an electric water filling valve 18, and an electric water drain valve 19 (see Fig. 3). All electric valves are connected to the control unit 15 of the automatic climate control system 1.

[0065] Due to the presence of a stove 2 for a bath or sauna with a channel 3 for preparing a steam-air mixture made in it with heaters 4 and a steam generator 5 located in it, automatically controlled by an automatic climate control system 1, a temperature and humidity sensor 6 connected to a control unit 15 of an automatic climate control system 1, the temperature and humidity regime is controlled (see Fig. 2).

[0066] In the furnace body 2, there is an internal heat-insulated air duct 20 with a blower fan 21 installed in the area located under the steam generator 5 (see Fig. 4). In the lower part of the said duct 20 on the wall of the furnace body 2, located in the room of the bathhouse or sauna 1, there are two openings located at different levels vertically: the first, upper one, 22, located at the level of the shelf, and the second, lower one, 23, located at a distance of 15-25 cm from the floor level, with controlled valves 24, 25 (see Fig. 2, 4). In the upper part, the internal heat-insulated air duct 20 is connected with the steam-air mixture preparation duct 3, in which the automatically controlled heater 4 and the steam generator 5 are located. All remotely controlled electronic elements (sensors, valves, dampers) of the furnace are connected to the control unit 15 of the automatic climate control system of the bathhouse or sauna.The automatic climate control system 1 is additionally equipped with a program for calculating the time of safe stay of the user in the bathhouse or sauna and a control panel 26 for pre-setting the parameters of the operating modes of the bathhouse or sauna and recording the parameters of the user’s body (see Fig. 1).

[0067] The bathhouse or sauna can be equipped with an additional electric heater 27, connected to the control unit 15 of the automatic microclimate control system of the bathhouse or sauna, which controls the electric valve 28 for supplying water to the heater 27, turning on the heating elements of the electric heater 29 depending on the temperature of the stones (heat accumulators) set on the control panel 26 due to the temperature sensor of the heater 30 installed. (see Fig. 2).

[0068] The bath or sauna is equipped with a panel 37 of manual control buttons, containing a button 38 for supplying water to the heater, a button 39 for turning on the “cloud mode” of intensive convective air circulation in the room, a button 40 for switching to the dynamic steaming mode, and a button 41 for turning off ventilation.

[0069] The steam generator is designed as a heat-insulated water tank 36, has baffle plates 32, a nozzle for filling and draining water 33, an overflow nozzle for emergency draining 34 (in case of failure of the control system or level sensors), and also one or more heating elements 35 (see Fig. 3, 4). Water is supplied to the steam generator 5 through an electric valve 18, and water is drained through an electric valve 19. A temperature relay is installed on the tank body to turn off the furnace in an emergency, in case of failure of the level sensors (when the heating element is heated without water in the tank).

[0070] The control unit 15 of the automatic climate control system for a bathhouse or sauna manages the operation of all remotely controlled power-consuming elements and sensors of the bathhouse or sauna stove, as well as sensors installed in the bathhouse or sauna itself in accordance with the pre-selected specific type of procedure acceptance process. The automatic climate control system for a bathhouse or sauna contains a sensor 6 that records temperature and humidity, a liquid level sensor 16, a critical minimum liquid level sensor 17, a temperature relay for emergency overheating of the steam generator tank, and a temperature sensor 30 for the electric heater (if an electric heater is connected).The automatic climate control system for the operation of a bathhouse or sauna is additionally equipped with a control panel 26 for pre-setting the parameters of the operating modes of the bathhouse or sauna and setting the parameters of the user's body with a program for calculating the time of his safe stay in the sauna and an alert system located inside the control panel 26.

[0071] By opening and closing dampers 24, 25, and by programmed operation of fans 8, 11, various temperature and humidity gradients are achieved along the height of the steam room (see Figs. 2, 3). When damper 24 of the first upper opening 22 is open and damper 25 of the second lower opening 23 is closed, air circulation within the steam room in the upper part (between the shelf and the ceiling) is ensured. Thus, energy is not wasted on maintaining the microclimate in the lower part of the room. In this case, the air temperature gradient under the ceiling and at the shelf level becomes minimal or absent (see Fig. 5).

[0072] When the damper 25 of the second lower opening 23 is open and the damper 24 of the first upper opening 22 is closed, air circulation within the steam room occurs throughout the entire volume of the room, and heating occurs more uniformly along the height of the room (see Fig. 6). This mode allows you to create a microclimate with a temperature of 40-45 degrees Celsius and humidity of 900-100% (hammam mode).

[0073] Steam from the steam generator 5 is fed into channel 3 for preparing the steam-air mixture and then it is mixed with the air flow from the steam room, entering through the internal heat-insulated air channel 20, which is combined with channel 3 in its upper part, and becomes a ready-made steam-air mixture, which is heated if necessary and enters the steam room.

[0074] Based on readings from temperature and humidity sensor 6, the automatic climate control system maintains the set temperature and humidity values ​​and controls the microclimate in the steam room. It also regulates the operation of the supply ventilation fan 8, the electric air valve 9, the temperature gradient adjustment fan 11, the electric air valve 12, and the exhaust ventilation fan 14. For quick switching between steaming modes, "purge" and "ventilation" modes are available, as well as forced water supply through valve 28 to electric heater 27 using the supply button 38 located on the manual control panel 37.

[0075] The supply fan 8 is located in the supply air duct 7, located in the upper part of the steam room above the body 2 of the electric furnace and has an electric air valve 9, connected to the control unit 15 of the automatic climate control system. When the ventilation is operating, the valve 9 is open, and when turned off, it is closed. The fan 11 for regulating the temperature gradient is installed in the second supply air duct 10, which is located above the shelf 42 in the upper part of the bathhouse or sauna 1 and has an electric air valve 12. When the fan 11 for regulating the temperature gradient is turned on, the electric air valve 12 is open to create a temperature gradient across the room levels, and when turned off, it is closed. This prevents the movement of hot and humid air through the supply air duct 7 and through the second supply air duct 10 for regulating the gradient across the room levels of the bathhouse or sauna into the adjacent room.The exhaust fan 14 is located in the air duct 13 for exhausting air under the shelf in the lower part of the room diagonally to the supply fan 8.

[0076] An external electric heater 27 can also be connected to the control unit 15 of the automatic climate control system 12. The heater is controlled via a temperature sensor 30 and provides the ability to quickly increase humidity by supplying water through the solenoid valve 28 by pressing button 38 located on the control panel 37 or manually. The control unit 15 of the automatic climate control system for a bathhouse or sauna can be built into the heater body or located outside the bathhouse or sauna.

[0077] Control and adjustment of the operating parameters of all elements of the automatic climate control system of a bathhouse or sauna is carried out via an external control panel 26. It is possible to control via a smartphone or tablet on the Android platform connected to the control unit 15 via a Wi-Fi network access point created by the control unit 15.

[0078] The microclimate settings include a signal alerting the maximum safe occupancy time for a person in the room using a device installed in control panel 26, such as a speaker. On control panel 26, the occupant's weight and the desired microclimate parameters (air temperature, dew point temperature or relative humidity, and ventilation mode) are set. Based on these values, a program stored in the automatic climate control system calculates the safe occupancy time. After this time, an audible signal sounds, indicating that further occupancy may lead to core overheating. If there are multiple occupants, each occupant can have their own time and signal (buzzer, double beep, etc.) set.

[0079] Example of implementation.

[0080] Operation of the declared bathhouse or sauna with a stove for a bathhouse or sauna and an automatic climate control system for a bathhouse or sauna.

[0081] 1. The user enters their physical data and selects the desired mode on the remote control 26 (including via Wi-Fi) (e.g., "Russian Bath" 60°C / 60%, "Hammam" 45°C / 95%, "Sauna" 90°C / 10%) or sets specific temperature and humidity values.

[0082] 2. The humidity parameter is adjusted based on the dew point temperature (DPT). The relative humidity (RH) is recalculated by the software, so when changing the parameters on control panel 26, both the dew point temperature and relative humidity change simultaneously.

[0083] 3. The control unit 15 of the automatic climate control system turns on the blower fan 21, which takes air from the steam room through the inlet openings 22, 23 of the internal heat-insulated air duct 20 of the stove, or through one of the two specified openings, depending on the selected air circulation mode in the bathhouse or sauna room 1. If it is necessary to heat the entire volume of the room, the damper 24 of the first upper opening 22 is closed, and the damper 25 of the second lower opening 23 is opened, which ensures air circulation throughout the entire volume of the room. If it is necessary to reduce temperature and humidity losses, the damper 24 of the first upper opening 22 is opened, and the damper 25 of the second lower opening 23 is closed, which ensures air circulation in the upper part of the bathhouse or sauna room 1 between the bench and the ceiling.

[0084] 4. Air passes through channel 3 for preparing the steam-air mixture and is heated to the set temperature by activating automatically controlled heaters 4. The system's operating algorithm switches control unit relay 15 so that maximum power is supplied to the automatically controlled heaters, ensuring rapid heating of the air to the set temperature.

[0085] 5. The control unit 15 operating algorithm includes a condition under which the air temperature cannot be set below the set dew point plus 2 degrees. This operating algorithm prevents condensation on the surfaces of the bathhouse and sauna 1. Preventing condensation reduces moisture loss by preventing the water from converting from vapor to liquid condensate in the air-steam mixture, thereby maintaining the set humidity with reduced energy consumption for regeneration.

[0086] 6. After reaching the set temperature, the operating algorithm of the control unit 15 redistributes the power consumption in such a way that the power required to compensate for the heat loss of the bath or sauna structure 1 is allocated to maintain the set air temperature, and most of the energy is directed to the heater 35 of the steam generator 5.

[0087] 7. To ensure the set humidity, the control unit 15 turns on the heaters 35 of the steam generator 5 at maximum power. The resulting saturated steam is fed into the channel 3 for preparing the steam-air mixture, where it mixes with the flow of hot air entering through the internal heat-insulated air channel 20, forming a steam-air mixture of the set temperature and humidity, which is then fed into the bathhouse or sauna.

[0088] 8. After reaching the set temperature and humidity parameters, the control unit 15 operating algorithm redistributes the power consumption to the mode of maintaining the set parameters.

[0089] Remote temperature and humidity sensor 6, located at shelf level 42, constantly measures the air parameters in the area where a person is located and transmits data to the control unit 15 of the automatic climate control system.

[0090] 9. The automatic climate control system, based on the feedback principle (PID controller), smoothly regulates the power of the heating elements (air and water) and the operation of the fan 21 to maintain the set parameters with high accuracy, while not allowing the humidity to increase above the air temperature minus 2 degrees.

[0091] 10. If the parameters deviate (for example, after opening a door), the system quickly responds and returns the mode to the set one. In the event of a significant decrease in one of the parameters, the system redistributes the power consumption.

[0092] 11. For rapid cooling, the control unit 15 of the automatic climate control system can switch on the "purge" mode (fans 8, 11, 14 are switched on at full power without heating).

[0093] 12. When integrated with an electric sauna heater, the control unit 15 of the automatic climate control system maintains its temperature, and upon user command (pressing a button in the steam room), supplies a measured amount of water to the stones for a burst of steam generation.

[0094] 13. The automatic climate control system allows you to set the core temperature. Using the temperature and humidity sensor 6 at the bench level, pressing a button in the steam room begins calculating the core heating time. Once the set core temperature is reached, the automatic system sounds an audible signal indicating the need to exit to prevent overheating and heatstroke.

[0095] All the announced solutions are designed to automatically create and maintain precise temperature, humidity, and air exchange conditions in steam rooms, saunas, and thermal treatment rooms. Test results have shown that fully automated microclimate control is achieved with high accuracy and reliability, while monitoring the user's time in the sauna to prevent core overheating.

[0096] When constructing a bathhouse, sauna, or sauna stove, known materials and technologies can be used, as well as currently available sensors and other control elements. To achieve the stated objectives of monitoring operating modes and preventing user overheating, a program has been written to address these issues.

[0097] The group of inventions can be used to meet the vital needs of a person, namely, to control the microclimate parameters in the steam room of a bathhouse or sauna, as well as to devices used to create and maintain a given temperature-humidity regime and air exchange in the steam rooms of bathhouses or saunas and rooms for thermal procedures.

Claims

1. A bathhouse or sauna comprising a shelf, a heater, an evaporator, a supply air duct located above the heater, and an exhaust air duct with an exhaust air regulation device driven by an exhaust air regulator, sensors for monitoring air temperature and humidity parameters and air exchange parameters, wherein the exhaust air regulator and the sensors are connected to the control of the steaming process by an automatic climate control system of the bathhouse or sauna, characterized in that the sauna or bathhouse is equipped with a second supply air duct located in the upper part of the bathhouse or sauna above the shelf with a temperature gradient regulation fan located in it and a controlled electric air valve; the exhaust air duct is located under the shelf; a sensor for monitoring temperature and humidity parameters is installed in the shelf area;a sauna or bathhouse is equipped with a stove, in the body of which a channel for preparing a steam-air mixture is made with at least one automatically controlled heater placed in it and an evaporator located under it, made in the form of a steam generator, equipped with a liquid level sensor and devices for maintaining the liquid level, in addition, an internal heat-insulated air channel is made in the body of the stove with a blower installed in it, in the lower part of the said channel on the wall of the stove body there are two openings with controlled valves, located at different levels vertically, and in its upper part the said channel is combined with a channel for preparing a steam-air mixture;The automatic climate control system for a sauna or bathhouse is additionally equipped with a control panel for pre-setting the parameters of the bathhouse or sauna operating modes and recording the user's body parameters, a control unit to which remotely controlled electronic elements and sensors of the stove and all controlled sensors and electronic elements of the bathhouse or sauna are connected, a program for calculating the time and notifying of safe stay in the sauna and an algorithm for redistributing the power consumption of electricity.

2. A bathhouse or sauna according to paragraph 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a furnace, in the channel for preparing the steam-air mixture of which two or more automatically controlled heaters are placed.

3. A bathhouse or sauna according to paragraph 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a stove, in which the first opening with a controlled damper is made on the wall of the stove body of the internal heat-insulated air duct at the level of the shelf, and the second opening with a controlled damper is made on the wall of the stove body of the internal heat-insulated air duct at the level of the floor of the sauna or bathhouse.

4. A bathhouse or sauna according to paragraph 1, characterized in that it is equipped with an additional electric heater connected to the control unit of the automatic climate control system of the bathhouse or sauna.

5. A bathhouse or sauna according to paragraph 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a panel of buttons for manual control of the functions of the automatic climate control system of the bathhouse or sauna.

6. A stove for a bath or sauna, comprising a housing with a channel formed therein for preparing a steam-air mixture with at least one automatically controlled heater placed therein and an evaporator located underneath it, made in the form of a steam generator equipped with a liquid level sensor and devices for maintaining the liquid level, wherein the automatically controlled heater and the steam generator are configured to control the temperature regime, characterized in that an internal heat-insulated air channel is formed in the housing with a blower fan installed therein, in the lower part of said channel on the wall of the stove housing there are two openings with controlled valves located at different levels vertically, and in its upper part said channel is combined with the channel for preparing the steam-air mixture; all remotely controlled electronic elements and sensors of the stove are connected to the control unit of the automatic climate control system of the bath or sauna.

7. The furnace according to paragraph 6, characterized in that two or more automatically controlled heaters are placed in the channel for preparing the steam-air mixture of the furnace.

8. The furnace according to item 6, characterized in that the blower fan is installed in an internal heat-insulated air duct in the area located under the steam generator.

9. The furnace according to paragraph 6, characterized in that the first opening with a controlled damper is made on the wall of the furnace body of the internal heat-insulated air duct at the level of the shelf, and the second opening with a controlled damper is made on the wall of the furnace body of the internal heat-insulated air duct at the level of the floor of the sauna or bathhouse.

10. An automatic climate control system for a bathhouse or sauna, configured to control the operation of a heater, a steam generator, a control device for exhaust air and fans in accordance with a pre-selected specific type of procedure-taking process and containing sensors that are configured to determine environmental parameters or external influences and record air quality parameters in the bathhouse or sauna, determine air exchange parameters or air replacement, characterized in that the automatic climate control system is designed to ensure the operation of a bathhouse or sauna equipped with a stove, and is additionally equipped with a control panel for pre-setting the parameters of the bathhouse or sauna operating modes and recording the user's body parameters, a control unit to which the remotely controlled electronic elements of the stove and all controlled sensors and electronic elements of the bathhouse or sauna are connected,a program for calculating the time and alerting about safe stay in a bathhouse or sauna, and an algorithm for redistributing electricity consumption capacity.

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