Protective observation and firing emplacement

Abstract

FIELD: military facilities.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fortification structures for observation and firing during the protection and defense of military facilities in any natural and climatic conditions. The protective observation and firing emplacement consists of a transport container, an armored observation and firing module with embrasures, a protective mesh screen and a stand with spotlights, and gabion elements. The container has screw jacks at the corners for installing it on the prepared site and leveling it. There are single-leaf entrance doors at the ends of the shipping container. A double-leaf door is installed in the side panel of the transport container, designed for loading and unloading an armored observation and firing emplacement located inside the transport container and designed with the possibility of installing it through an opening panel on the roof of the transport container and securing it with built-in mounting locks. The armored observation and firing emplacement is designed with the possibility of climbing into it along a removable folding ladder through a hatch in the ceiling of the container. The roof of the shipping container is equipped with roof railings and safety nets that can be opened. Along the perimeter of the shipping container, bulk gabions are installed in two or three tiers at its height.EFFECT: increased protection of personnel while in position from the impact of bullets, shrapnel, attack FPV drones and drops from UAVs is achieved.1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

[0001] The invention relates to the field of armament and military equipment, in particular to fortification structures for observation and firing during the protection and defense of military facilities in any natural and climatic conditions.

[0002] The protective observation and fire structure is designed to monitor the terrain, fire from small arms, protect personnel from weapons during fortification of temporary deployment areas, checkpoints, field camps, parks and other military facilities.

[0003] The main technical problem that the invention is aimed at solving is to increase the level of protection of personnel from weapons of destruction in combat situations, including from attack FPV drones and drops from UAVs, in various hydrogeological and natural-climatic conditions.

[0004] A device is known, an analogue is the “Watchtower” (patent RU 27135 U1, IPC E04N 9 / 00, 2002), containing a lattice metal structure rigidly fixed to the foundation, consisting of upper, lower and intermediate tiers, the booth of the upper tier is equipped with bulletproof walls and a floor, in the walls there are observation windows and loopholes made of bulletproof armored glass, and in the floor there is a hatch with a unit for emergency descent of an observer from the booth to the basement tier, and the basement tier is made with bulletproof walls with loopholes in them, and the floor is equipped with spring-loaded mats.

[0005] The disadvantages of this structure are:

[0006] - insufficient protection against the impact of attack FPV drones and drops from UAVs;

[0007] - lack of protection of a serviceman (observer) from physical impact on him (fire), when ascending and descending stairs or using a descent pipe from the booth to the lower shelter;

[0008] - relatively high labor intensity during assembly work during construction;

[0009] - observation windows are made of transparent display glass and do not protect the guard from observation or exposure while he is on duty in the booth.

[0010] A device is known, an analogue of the "Observation and watchtower" (patent RU 339 777 C1, IPC E04N 9 / 00, 2007), containing a lattice metal structure in the form of a tower, rigidly fixed to the foundation, consisting of a booth, a lower shelter and intermediate modules, in the walls of the booth there are observation windows, at the bottom of the windows there are loopholes-vents, the lower shelter is made of bulletproof walls, in the upper part of which there are observation windows and loopholes, inside the tower there are stairs with transition platforms and a hatch in the booth, intermediate modules are covered from the outside with thin metal sheets according to the principle of blinds, and the observation windows of the booth and the lower shelter are made of tinted glass, opaque from the outside.

[0011] The disadvantages of this structure are:

[0012] - does not provide protection for the sentry from all four sides, including from the impact of attack FPV drones and drops from UAVs;

[0013] - unsuitable for transportation;

[0014] - The tower walls and large windows do not provide protection from bullets; when a sentry is in the cabin, he is not protected.

[0015] A device is known, an analogue of the "Observation Tower" (patent RU 2332545 C2, IPC E04N 1 / 12, 2006), containing an observation armored cabin raised relative to the ground surface and mounted on a support equipped with a protective fence, the cabin body is made in the form of a convex polyhedron, including armored windows, an emergency exit and a working entrance-exit, equipped with a ladder, the cabin body is made of dome-shaped parts, each of which is made of spatially separated internal and external steel layers, each of the layers is made of polygonal sections containing vertices, a surface and sides, mutually connected to each other by sides and corners, armored windows are hermetically built into the edges of the body, while the emergency exit is located in one of the edges of the upper part of the body, the working entrance-exit is located in one of the edges of the lower part of the body, the ladder is located inside the support, and the protective fence The support is made of opaque material.

[0016] The disadvantages of this structure are:

[0017] - insufficient protective properties against the impact of bullets, attack FPV drones and drops from UAVs;

[0018] - relatively high labor intensity during assembly work during construction;

[0019] - unsuitable for transportation.

[0020] A device is known, an analogue of the "Collapsible observation tower" (patent RU 2131009 C1, IPC E04N 1 / 12, 2006), containing a free-standing support in the form of a spatial structure, a ladder, a platform and a booth with windows on four sides and an entrance door, the support is made collapsible, the ladder is made removable, the platform under the booth is combined with its floor, and in the floor of the booth in the vestibule there is an entrance hatch, and the platform on the front and side sides of the booth is made collapsible from lattice elements and is equipped with a barrier, the working room of the booth is separated from the vestibule by an opaque partition with an entrance door, a transparent door is built into the front wall of the booth, and the windows and the transparent door are equipped with removable shields with locks and curtains, and the front side of the booth It is located above the security line, and removable rear-view mirrors are installed on the corners of the front side of the booth.

[0021] The disadvantages of this structure are:

[0022] Insufficient protection against the impact of weapons, including attack FPV drones and drops from UAVs:

[0023] - when firing from a loophole;

[0024] - when the sentry moves to the working entrance of the cabin;

[0025] - when moving through the hatch in the floor.

[0026] The closest technical solution is the “Defensive observation and fire structure “Backfill tower”” - a prototype (Manual “Military fortification structures”, book III, 2023, pp. 240-255) consisting of a collapsible metal frame, wooden floors, embrasure boxes, a set of specialized gabions and a frame-mesh fence for the upper hemisphere.

[0027] The main disadvantages of the prototype should be considered:

[0028] - insufficient protection against weapons of destruction;

[0029] - impossibility of mobile use of the structure for performing official tasks of surveillance and security;

[0030] - high labor intensity during assembly work and installation of gabions during construction.

[0031] The objective of the proposed technical solution is to increase the protection of personnel while in position from the impact of bullets, shrapnel, attack FPV drones and drops from UAVs, and to create an easily assembled, ergonomic observation tower that provides increased safety for service members and internal equipment from armed attack.

[0032] The proposed structure is designed as a prefabricated and collapsible structure consisting of a Type 1C shipping container and an observation and firing module. The structure's components are easy to assemble and disassemble and are designed for repeated use.

[0033] The observation and fire module is transported assembled in a container. The end panels of the container have single-leaf doors, and the side panel has double-leaf doors. When erecting the protective observation and fire structure, the rear side double-leaf door of the container is opened, and a manual mechanical winch is used to lower, unfold, and level the ramp. The observation and fire module is then manually rolled out of the container on a movable ramp platform and installed on the container's roof using a lifting device. The module walls and roof are made of armored steel and have protection classes Br4 and Br3, respectively, and are insulated from the inside. The embrasures with shutters are made of laminated glass with protection class Br4. An additional door is located in the end wall for emergency exit. Entry into the module is from the container via a removable inclined ladder through a hatch in the container's ceiling.The container is insulated throughout, and features a folding stationary table and a set of portable furniture. Additionally, to prevent upper-hemisphere impacts from contact-fuzed munitions, the roof is equipped with a protective mesh fence to protect against the impact of attack drones and UAV drops.

[0034] The essence of the proposed design is explained by the following images:

[0035] - Fig. 1 shows a general view of the protective observation and fire structure;

[0036] - Fig. 2 shows the assembly order of the structure;

[0037] - Fig. 3 shows a view of the internal equipment of the container of the protective observation and fire structure;

[0038] - Fig. 4 shows a general view of the assembled structure with installed bulk gabions of the GNT series in two tiers.

[0039] The proposed technical solution - a protective observation and fire structure (Fig. 1) consists of a transport container 1, an armored observation and fire module 2 with embrasures for observation and firing 3, a protective mesh screen 4 and a stand with searchlights 5.

[0040] Based on the proposed technical solution, the protective observation and fire structure can be used for the advance fortification of positions and areas of troop deployment, where installation sites are determined, with the designation of the observation and firing sector in the direction of a possible enemy advance.

[0041] Container 1 is installed on the prepared site and leveled using four removable manually operated screw jacks 6 (Fig. 2). At the ends of the container there are single-leaf entrance doors 12 intended for entering the container, ascent into the armored module is carried out along a removable folding ladder 13 through a hatch in the ceiling of the container 8, in addition, a double-leaf door 10 is installed in the side panel of the container, intended for loading and unloading the armored observation and fire module (Fig. 3). Using a manual mechanical winch, panel 9 is lowered and unfolded, after which the armored observation and fire module is manually rolled out on the movable platform of the ramp and, using mounting loops 14 and a lifting device, it is briefly placed on the ground for folding the ramp into the container and opening the roof railings and safety net 11.In this case, before unfolding the handrails and safety net, the panel is first folded and stored in the container using a winch. After the roof handrails and safety net are unfolded and installed, the armored observation and fire module is lifted using a lifting vehicle and installed on the roof of the container and secured with the built-in installation locks of the fastening 7. To prevent the tower from being damaged from the upper hemisphere by ammunition with contact fuses, a collapsible protective mesh screen 4 is installed on the roof of the armored module. A stand with floodlights 5 is installed for illumination of the area. To increase the level of protection and reduce the visibility of the structure, if necessary, two or three tiers of bulk gabions of the 15 series GNT (Fig. 4) are installed along its perimeter to the height of the container, and, if time allows, camouflage is carried out using standard means or local materials.

[0042] The design of the protective observation and fire structure allows for the protection of personnel from the impact of bullets, shrapnel, attack FPV drones and UAV drops, and also reduces the likelihood of injury to personnel when deployed in positions and in combat areas.

[0043] The simplicity of the design, increased security and ergonomics of the protective observation and fire structure will allow it to be used more widely in the protection and defense of temporary deployment areas, checkpoints, field camps, parks and other military facilities in any natural and climatic conditions.

Claims

A protective observation and fire structure, characterized in that it consists of a transport container, an armored observation and fire module with embrasures for observation and firing, a protective mesh screen and a stand with spotlights, gabion elements, and the container has screw jacks at the corners for installing it on a prepared site and leveling, at the ends of the transport container there are single-leaf entrance doors intended for entering the container, in the side panel of the transport container there is a double-leaf door intended for loading and unloading the armored observation and fire module, located inside the transport container and made with the possibility of installing it through an opening panel on the roof of the transport container and securing it with built-in mounting locks, The armored observation and fire module is designed to allow access via a removable folding ladder through a hatch in the ceiling of the container. In addition, roof railings and safety nets with the ability to be deployed are installed on the roof of the transport container. A collapsible protective mesh screen and a stand with spotlights are installed on the roof of the armored observation and fire module; bulk gabions are installed in two or three tiers along the perimeter of the transport container at its height.

Images