METHOD FOR ELECTRICITY SUPPLY TO SINGLE-PHASE CONSUMERS WITH LIMITED PERFORMANCE OF THE 0.4 kV ELECTRIC NETWORK
The system addresses power supply challenges in 0.4 kV networks by dynamically managing phase connections and using an uninterruptible power source to ensure reliable power to critical consumers, reducing emergency risks and load imbalances.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- RU · RU
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FEDERALNOE GOSUDARSTVENNOE KAZENNOE VOENNOE OBRAZOVATELNOE UCHREZHDENIE VYSSHEGO OBRAZOVANIYA VOENNYJ UCHEBNO NAUCHNYJ TSENTR SUKHOPUTNYKH VOJSK OBSHCHEVOJSKOVAYA ORDENA ZHUKOVA ACAD VOORUZHENNYKH SIL ROSSIJSKOJ FEDERATSII
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for power supply in 0.4 kV electrical networks face issues such as power outages during backup switching, failure to provide backup power to consumers with lower reliability categories, and increased risk of emergency situations due to load unbalance and network disconnection during phase damage or asymmetry.
A system that monitors electrical parameters and disconnects affected phases, reconnects them up to five times to self-correct issues, prioritizes power supply to critical consumers using an uninterruptible power source, and disconnects non-critical consumers when parameters exceed specified ranges, ensuring balanced power distribution.
Enhances power reliability and reduces emergency risks by maintaining power supply to critical consumers and balancing electrical parameters, even in phase conductor damage or asymmetry, without causing further network disruptions.
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Abstract
Description
[0001] Field of technology to which the invention relates
[0002] The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and electric power engineering, and can be used in 0.4 kV electrical networks with a predominantly single-phase load in order to ensure the power supply of consumers in the event of a break in one or two phase conductors, a single-phase or two-phase short circuit, as well as in the event of an asymmetry in electrical parameters.
[0003] A known method is that in the event of an accident in a 0.4 kV electrical network, the power supply to consumers is automatically transferred to a backup power source, ensuring the safe commissioning of a local generating power source, matching the load with the capacity of the local generating power source, and the safe restoration of network power when the power supply is restored [patent for invention No. 2690008 Russian Federation. System and method for switching an electrical system to a backup power source in the event of a power supply failure: No. 2017109161: declared 06.04.2015 / Eldridge David A., Rogers Brandon J., Muller Maximilian A., Thompson Ronald L. - 26 s].
[0004] The disadvantage of this method is that switching to a backup power source may result in a power outage. Also, consumers with a reliability category lower than the first are not provided with a backup power source [Electrical Installation Rules. All current sections from the sixth and seventh editions with amendments and additions as of January 1, 2013. - Moscow: KnoRus, 2013. - 488 p. - ISBN 978-5-406-02940-4.].
[0005] A known method for balancing a three-phase 0.4 kV network is that all consumers are divided into three groups and in each group, two of the three phases (A-B, B-C, A-C) are connected to the consumer using two single-position phase current switches. When the most heavily loaded phase is detected and the asymmetry value exceeds the established tolerance, one or more consumers are switched to the less heavily loaded phases [patent for invention No. 2678190 Russian Federation. Method for balancing currents in a three-phase 0.4 kV network: No. 2017127337: declared. 31.07.2017 / Novikova A.A. - 12 s]
[0006] The disadvantage of this method is that when switching consumers to less loaded phases, the increased load can cause even greater unbalance, increasing the risk of emergency situations. Also, if one or two conductors on the power source side are damaged, the entire section of the electrical network affected by the emergency is disconnected until the cause is corrected.
[0007] Disclosure of the essence of the invention
[0008] The technical task is to ensure the power supply of single-phase consumers in the event of damage to one or two phase conductors, in case of asymmetry of electrical parameters in the 0.4 kV network until the causes are eliminated.
[0009] The technical result is the expansion of functional capabilities in the event of a break in one or two phase conductors, as well as in the event of a single-phase or two-phase short circuit, asymmetry of electrical parameters, a reduction in the likelihood of emergency situations and an increase in the reliability of power supply to single-phase consumers.
[0010] The technical result achieved is that when the electrical parameters in one or two phases of the 0.4 kV electrical network go beyond the range specified by the first settings, one or two phases are disconnected, self-elimination of the causes of the change in electrical parameters is determined by repeated switching on of the disconnected phases up to 5 times, in the absence of indicators of self-elimination of the causes of the accident, power supply of priority single-phase consumers from the three-phase network is ensured by selecting a phase within the specified settings of the second range, which are powered from an uninterruptible power supply during the switching, and disconnection of non-priority single-phase consumers is carried out when the electrical parameters in the phases of the 0.4 kV electrical network go beyond the range specified by the second settings. Brief description of the drawings
[0011] The essence of the invention is explained by a drawing showing an equivalent circuit diagram of a 0.4 kV electric network with a device (1) for implementing a method for supplying electricity to single-phase consumers with limited operability of the 0.4 kV electric network, where the following designations are adopted: power source (2); phase A switch (3); phase B switch (4); phase C switch (5); electrical parameter control unit (6); switch of non-priority single-phase consumers connected to phase A (7); switch of non-priority single-phase consumers connected to phase B (8); switch of non-priority single-phase consumers connected to phase C (9); non-priority single-phase consumers (10); priority phase selection unit (11); uninterruptible power supply (12); priority single-phase consumers (13).
[0012] Implementation of the invention
[0013] In case of breakage of one (A, B, C) or two phase conductors (A and B, B and C, A and C), in case of single-phase or two-phase short circuit, in case of deviation of electrical parameters of 0.4 kV electric network from the range specified by the first settings, the electrical parameters monitoring unit separately disconnects up to two damaged phases through phase switches A, B, C (3, 4, 5). In order to determine the self-elimination of the causes of changes in electrical parameters, which may include conductor whipping, tree impact and other factors, the electrical parameters monitoring unit (6) re-connects the disconnected phases up to 5 times.
[0014] If the reasons for the electrical parameters going beyond the first range specified by the settings do not eliminate themselves, the electrical parameters monitoring unit (6) switches off the corresponding switches of phases A, B, C (3, 4, 5). The priority phase selection unit (11) selects the priority phase within the specified settings, while ensuring power supply to single-phase consumers from the three-phase network by switching the priority single-phase consumers (13) to a serviceable phase. During the interphase switching, when the priority phase selection unit (11) is triggered, the uninterruptible power supply (12) supplies electric power to the priority single-phase consumers (13). In the event that the electrical parameters on the phase selected for the priority single-phase consumers (13) go beyond the second range specified by the settings, the electrical parameters monitoring unit (6) switches off the switches of the non-priority single-phase consumers connected to phases A, B, C (7, 8, 9).
[0015] If the electrical parameters in the phases deviate from the second range specified by the settings, and there is no damage to the 0.4 kV electrical network, the electrical parameters control unit (6) switches off up to two switches of non-priority single-phase consumers to balance the electrical parameters of the 0.4 kV network.
[0016] Thus, in case of break of phase A and C on the power source side, the electrical parameters monitoring unit (6) disconnects the corresponding phases through the phase A (3) and phase C (5) switches. To determine the self-elimination of the causes of the change in electrical parameters, the electrical parameters monitoring unit (6) re-connects the disconnected phases A and C up to 5 times. Provided that the electrical parameters have not returned to the first range specified by the settings, the electrical parameters monitoring unit (6) disconnects the corresponding single-phase switches (3, 5) that disconnect phases A and C. The priority phase selection unit (11) selects phase B for switching priority single-phase consumers (13) to it, which receive power from the uninterruptible power supply (12) during the switching period.When the electrical parameters of phase B go beyond the range specified by the second settings, the electrical parameters control unit (6) switches off the switch of the non-priority single-phase consumers connected to phase B (8).
[0017] If the electrical parameters return to the second range specified by the settings after the disconnected phases A and C are switched on again, the electrical parameters control unit (6) carries out a phase-by-phase unloading of the electrical network by switching off the switches of non-priority single-phase consumers connected to phase A, B, C (7, 8, 9).
[0018] In the absence of damage to the phase conductors, when an asymmetry occurs in a three-phase network, when the electrical parameters go beyond the second range specified by the settings, the phase-by-phase disconnection of non-priority single-phase consumers (10) is carried out using the electrical parameters control unit (6).
[0019] Thus, the proposed method of power supply to single-phase consumers with limited operability of the 0.4 kV electrical network will provide expanded functionality in the event of a break in one or two phase conductors, as well as in the event of a single-phase or two-phase short circuit, asymmetry of electrical parameters, will reduce the likelihood of emergency situations and increase the reliability of power supply to single-phase consumers.
Claims
1. A method for supplying single-phase consumers with limited operability of a 0.4 kV electrical network, including monitoring of electrical parameters of the network, characterized in that when electrical parameters on one or two phases of the 0.4 kV electrical network go beyond the range specified by the first settings, one or two phases are disconnected, a determination is made of the self-elimination of the causes of the change in electrical parameters, in the absence of indicators of self-elimination of the causes of the accident, power supply to priority single-phase consumers from a three-phase network is ensured by selecting a priority phase within the range specified by the second settings, which are powered from an uninterruptible power supply during the switching period, when electrical parameters on a priority phase of the 0.4 kV electrical network go beyond the range specified by the second settings, non-priority single-phase consumers are disconnected,and in the event of a deviation of the electrical parameters in the phases from the specified settings of the second range in the absence of damage to the 0.4 kV electrical network, the electrical parameters control unit switches off up to two switches of non-priority single-phase consumers to balance the electrical parameters of the 0.4 kV network.
2. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the determination of the self-elimination of the causes of changes in electrical parameters is carried out by the electrical parameters control unit by repeatedly switching on the disconnected phases up to 5 times.
3. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the unit for monitoring the electrical parameters of the network has pre-set settings for two ranges: the first range of settings for determining the break of one or two phase conductors, in the case of a single-phase or two-phase short circuit, the second range of settings for determining the asymmetry of the electrical parameters of the network.