Method for constructing crossing to overcome water obstacles

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering.SUBSTANCE: relates to the construction of crossings over rivers or ravines. The method for constructing a crossing includes delivering at least one group of the linked pipe culverts to the crossing site and laying them in the profile of the river bed along the current across the crossing to the bottom, one on top of the other, to a level above the water level in the river bed. Each new group of pipes laid is connected manually to the previous group above the water level, and the pipes are covered on top with a material capable of bearing the load in the form of bags with rigid foam filler. Pipes can have different cross-sectional profiles. The pipes can be made with a round cross-section and connected in a chain alternately with adjacent pipes by rollers at the ends on both sides; the rollers are designed with the ability to move along the ends of the pipes. The pipes may not be round in cross-section and assembled into an assembly. Each group of pipes is delivered to the crossing point by a truck; the pipes are placed across the cargo area of the vehicle for quick loading and unloading of the pipe chain at the crossing.EFFECT: increase in the operational qualities of the crossing.5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

[0001] The invention relates to construction, namely to the construction of crossings over rivers or ravines.

[0002] A prefabricated culvert bridge for quickly crossing a river is known (Patent CN216663761), comprising a group of rows of culverts crossing a river bed, bridge supports made of gabions made of reinforcing steel located at both ends of the group of rows of culverts, a leveling layer of sand and gravel mixture used to fill and level the upper surface of the group of rows of culverts, a bridge body located on the leveling layer of sand and gravel mixture, a bridge deck made of sand and gravel mixture, and a protective fence. The group of rows of culverts consists of several culverts that are located perpendicular to the direction of the river flow. The culvert is laid from one side of the river bed to the other side of the river bed, with sand pebbles in the sand pebbles leveling layer, sand pebbles bridge deck and sand pebbles backfill layer in place.

[0003] A method for constructing a river crossing using a multi-pipe segmented boring pipe is known (Patent CN106120859), which includes the steps of carrying out underwater excavation work and digging a trench used for laying a pipeline; assembling and joining a pipeline on the water surface, performing a floating connection, and performing floating welding of multiple pipe segments without using water; constructing a pipe that is immersed on the water surface, and the pipeline used for connecting into a single unit is immersed in the trench; the underwater trench is backfilled, the trench used for laying the pipeline is filled and leveled, the pipeline is hidden, floating welding is performed without using water, reducing the difficulty of construction, improving the quality of construction, and achieving complete submersion of the pipeline after welding multiple pipe segments.

[0004] A river or ravine crossing (RU Patent 1834948) is known, comprising pipes made from recycled tires laid along the banks on a soil bed, with a covering placed on the pipes. The pipes are spaced apart and equipped with additional tires, coaxially mounted on both sides, whose diameter exceeds that of the pipes. The additional tires are anchored to the soil bed, and intermediate layers of vertically installed tires are formed in the gaps between the pipes. The tires of the intermediate layers are positioned transversely to the crossing axis and connected to the pipes by clamps secured to their treads. The covering is installed on the pipes and the intermediate layer tires between the additional tires.

[0005] None of the known methods allows for the simple and quick construction of a crossing, or the destruction of a crossing at high water flow rates.

[0006] The objective of the invention is to create a method for constructing crossings for rivers, including those with fast currents and high steep banks, with improved operational qualities of the crossing.

[0007] The technical result of the invention is to improve the operational qualities of the crossing, namely

[0008] - the crossing does not impede the flow of water and cannot be destroyed by it,

[0009] - high speed of crossing construction,

[0010] - the construction of a crossing is permitted at flow speeds above 10 km / h,

[0011] - the ability to raise the crossing above the water level and connect high, steep banks,

[0012] - no additional technical means are required to support the structure,

[0013] - has high load-bearing capacity, more than 5 tons per 1 m 2 ,

[0014] - the crossing is not completely destroyed if part of the structure is damaged.

[0015] The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the method for organizing a crossing for overcoming water obstacles there is the delivery of at least one group of articulated culverts to the crossing site and their laying in the profile of the river bed along the current across the crossing, on the bottom, one on top of the other, to a level above the water level in the river bed, connecting each new laid group of pipes manually with the previous group above the water level, covering the pipes from above with a material capable of bearing the load.

[0016] In various designs, the covering may consist of bags filled with lightweight, durable filler such as rigid foam or other materials. The pipes may have various cross-sectional shapes: round, triangular, square, or hexagonal. The pipes are circular in cross-section and are connected in a chain to adjacent pipes alternately by rollers at both ends. The rollers are designed to slide along the ends of the pipes. The pipes are not circular in cross-section and are assembled into a single assembly. Each group of pipes is delivered to the crossing point on a specially equipped truck. The pipes are placed across the cargo area of ​​the truck to ensure quick loading and unloading of the chain of pipes at the crossing.

[0017] The claimed invention is explained by the drawings: Fig. 1 - shows a crossing for overcoming water obstacles, Fig. 2 - shows a chain of culverts, Fig. 3 - shows a method for organizing a crossing.

[0018] The following designations have been introduced:

[0019] 1 - river bed, 2 - pipe, 3 - roller, 4 - covering.

[0020] The claimed method for organizing a crossing for overcoming water obstacles allows for the formation of a structure from pipes capable of serving as a crossing for overcoming water obstacles, including fast-flowing rivers.

[0021] The crossing structure (Fig. 1) is a row of culverts 2 laid along the current, across the crossing, on the bottom, one on top of the other, to a level above the water level in the riverbed 1. Pipes 2 can have different cross-sectional profiles: round, triangular, square, hexagonal. Round pipes 2 are connected at the ends by a roller joint (roller 3) in such a way that they form a chain (Fig. 2). Rollers 3 are capable of moving along the ends of the pipes. Thus, pipes 2 can change their position (angle) relative to each other while maintaining the distance between their axes and without creating space between the walls of adjacent pipes 2. Thanks to this articulation, a group of pipes 2 can take on any shape, repeating the profile of the riverbed 1. A group of articulated pipes 2 immersed in the riverbed can bear the necessary load, but at the same time not create an obstacle to the flow of water, eliminating the risk of destruction of the structure by the current.

[0022] Roller joint for pipe connections. A pair of rollers 3 is located at the end of each pipe 2, connecting it to adjacent pipes 2. Rollers 3 can move along the end of pipe 2. Play in rollers 3 is permissible and is designed to allow rollers 3 to move even in cases of deformation of the ends of pipes 2. Rollers 3 can be removed and installed with or without the use of hand tools.

[0023] 2 non-round profile pipes can be assembled into an assembly for faster installation and dismantling.

[0024] A chain or assembly of pipes 2 fills the profile of a river bed 1 without significantly impeding the flow of water. The entire crossing can be assembled from individual chains of pipes 2, as well as from a single chain or assemblies of pipes 2. By removing or installing connections, you can break the chains of pipes 2 or connect pipes where necessary to increase the structural strength.

[0025] Each group of pipes 2 (chain or assembly) is transported to the crossing point on a specially equipped cargo vehicle. Pipes 2 are placed across the loading platform for quick loading and unloading of the pipe chain at the crossing (Fig. 3). The vehicle must be equipped with a special loading and unloading device for feeding pipes 2 into and removing them from the riverbed 1.

[0026] To evenly distribute the load from cargo located on or moving along the crossing, an upper covering 4 is placed on the supporting pipes 2. This covering 4 can be bags with a light and durable filler such as hard foam materials or other materials that can bear the load, distribute it onto the base and not collapse.

[0027] When applied with a load exceeding the permissible limit, the bridge does not collapse. In this case, the round pipes 2 are deformed, taking on a hexagonal shape. The bridge structure can lose up to 8% of its height. With this pipe profile configuration, the load-bearing capacity increases by 35%, but the chains of round, deformed pipes 2 are not suitable for reuse in this manner.

[0028] Multifaceted profile pipes 2 can be used to construct a crossing even after deformation.

[0029] To build high crossings, higher than 5 m, it is necessary to use longer pipes 2, laid on the river bottom and up to half the height of the crossing.

[0030] This method of constructing crossings can be used for rivers with fast currents and high steep banks.

[0031] Unique differences of this method of organizing the crossing from existing methods:

[0032] - Does not obstruct the flow of water and cannot be destroyed by it.

[0033] - High speed of crossing construction.

[0034] - Allows the construction of a crossing at flow speeds above 10 km / h.

[0035] - Allows you to raise the crossing above the water level and connect high, steep banks.

[0036] - Does not require additional technical means to support the structure.

[0037] - Does not collapse completely if part of the structure is damaged.

[0038] Technical parameters.

[0039] The proportion of the cross-sectional area of ​​the river bed occupied by crossing structures may not exceed 0.03%.

[0040] Pipes can be from 300 to 3000 mm in diameter, with wall thickness from 5 to 20 mm.

[0041] Pipe material - steel, composite materials, polymers.

[0042] The length of the pipes should correspond to the width of the crossing and can be from 3000 mm to 10000 mm

[0043] With a river width of 50 m and a depth of 5 m, a crossing assembled from XXX pipes (used in gas pipelines), 5 m wide, can withstand the movement of a load weighing more than 80 tons.

[0044] The construction of such a crossing could take up to 12 hours.

[0045] An example of using this method.

[0046] The river crossing is 50 m wide and 5 m deep, with a gently sloping bank on one side and a steep bank on the other. Equipment delivers articulated pipes to the crossing site and lays them in the channel profile. The pipes used are originally 1030 mm in diameter for a gas pipeline. Each group of pipes is covered with a topcoat in stages. Each new chain of pipes is manually connected to the previous chain above the water level. The entire crossing assembly takes no more than 3 hours. Once the pipes and topcoat are installed, the crossing is ready for the movement of equipment and cargo. The crossing can support equipment weighing over 80 tons. After completion of the task, the crossing can be dismantled. The chains of pipes and topcoat can be quickly loaded onto the appropriate equipment. If there is no time to load the topcoat, the pipes can be dismantled and loaded without dismantling the topcoat.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a crossing to overcome water obstacles, which includes delivering at least one group of articulated culverts to the crossing site and laying them in the profile of the river bed along the current across the crossing on the bottom, one on top of the other, to a level above the water level in the river bed, connecting each new group of pipes manually to the previous group above the water level, covering the pipes from above with a material capable of bearing a load, made in the form of bags with a hard foam filler.

2. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the pipes have a round, or triangular, or square, or hexagonal profile in cross-section.

3. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the pipes are made with a circular cross-section and are connected in a chain alternately with adjacent pipes by rollers at the ends on both sides; the rollers are made with the ability to move along the ends of the pipes.

4. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the pipes are not made of a circular cross-section and are assembled into an assembly.

5. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the delivery of each group of pipes to the crossing point is carried out on a cargo vehicle, the pipes are placed across the cargo platform of the vehicle for quick loading and unloading of the chain of pipes at the crossing.

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