Counter-drone UAV with fibre optic communication

Abstract

FIELD: protection from unmanned aerial vehicles.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to means of protecting civilian objects from the impact of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) controlled using fibre optic communications. An unmanned aerial vehicle for countering an unmanned aerial vehicle with fibre-optic communication comprises a body, a power source, a flight control unit, a means for transporting, lowering and lifting a load, equipped with a load cord, one end of which is connected to the means for transporting, lowering and lifting the load, as well as a means for transporting and using a chemical reagent in the external environment. The device also contains a capsule comprising upper and lower parts that are connected to each other and can be separated. The upper part of the capsule is fixedly secured to the body of the apparatus and has a through hole, the enclosing surface of which is complementary in shape to the enclosing side surface of the lower part of the capsule, which is made in the form of a body of revolution, the cross-sectional area of which increases in the direction from the means of transporting, lowering and lifting the load. Inside the lower part of the capsule there is a cavity for a chemical reagent designed to affect the fibre optic cladding. The load cord passes freely through the hole in the top of the capsule, and its other end is connected to the top of the bottom of the capsule. In the side enclosed walls of the lower part of the capsule, openings are made that connect the surface of the side enclosed walls of the lower part of the capsule with the internal cavity of the said part of the capsule.EFFECT: increasing the effectiveness of protecting threatened objects from an attack by an enemy UAV by interrupting the fibre-optic communication in flight between the attacking enemy UAV, controlled by a fibre-optic communication, and the control operator, by targeted delivery of a chemical reagent directly into the contact zone with the optical fibre to destroy it.8 cl, 5 dwg

Description

[0001] Technical field.

[0002] The present invention relates to means of protecting civilian facilities, including medical institutions, from the impact of unmanned aerial vehicles controlled by fiber optic communications,

[0003] Technique level.

[0004] Modern unmanned aerial vehicles (hereinafter referred to as UAVs) can be equipped with low-vulnerability fiber-optic communication, carried out through a continuous communication channel in the form of fiber optics, connecting it at a distance of more than 30 km with the operator.

[0005] At the same time, it is impossible to disrupt this communication using electronic warfare systems (e.g., patents RU 2846631, 2578722) to protect civilian facilities. Air defense systems can be used to prevent attacks from such UAVs. However, when using these UAVs simultaneously in a swarm, air defense systems may be overloaded, reducing their effectiveness and significantly increasing costs.

[0006] At the same time, the specified connection can be disrupted by breaking or destroying or critically bending the optical fiber connecting the UAV to the operator, including by destructive chemical action on the fiber optic sheath.

[0007] Breakage / breakage of an optical fiber refers to the destruction of the fiber cladding by direct mechanical action of destructive means or by remote action through the creation of external excess pressure, such as an explosion or hydraulic jet. Critical bending of an optical fiber refers to its curvature being comparable to the radius of curvature of its cross-section.

[0008] Breaking the fiber-optic communication between the UAV and the operator by chemical action on its shell should be understood as the destruction of the said shell as a result of an active chemical reaction of the fiber-optic shell substance with a chemically active reagent that directly affects it.

[0009] To prevent attacks on a fiber-optic communication channel, the above-mentioned intervention requires detecting the attacking UAV in advance, determining its direction, approximate trajectory, and altitude. Then, before it reaches the target, position yourself between the operator and the intended target.

[0010] Then it is necessary to locate the optical fiber itself that connects the UAV to the operator and damage it, taking into account that the optical fiber has a fairly high tensile strength and can be located at a significant distance from the ground surface.

[0011] These actions must be completed in an extremely short period of time during the UAV's travel from the launch site until it reaches the target, including in operational conditions, which is extremely difficult.

[0012] A method and system for countering enemy fiber-optic-controlled UAVs is known under Russian Patent No. 2850563 (Published: November 12, 2025). This method involves placing an extended detonating cord on threatened ground and near-ground areas (bushes, trees, buildings, etc.) and detonating it remotely upon detection of an enemy fiber-optic-controlled UAV. The fiber optic cable is damaged by excess pressure caused by the detonation of the detonating cord. The counter-UAV system comprises a mining UAV equipped with a video camera and controlled remotely, and a reel suspended from it containing a detonating cord, which is capable of unwinding from the reel onto the ground or near-ground area upon a signal from the operator or an automatic flight control system.The detonating cord contains at least one end device for initiating the cord's detonation, and a cargo anchor may be attached to its end for unwinding the cord from the UAV. When deploying the cord from the UAV, its other end is not attached to the reel, allowing the cord to be released in flight and fall under its own weight onto the ground, bushes, trees, etc.

[0013] The specified method and system for countering enemy UAVs has its inherent advantages, but has the following disadvantages that cannot be eliminated when using them:

[0014] - significant costs, especially when protecting large areas, due to both the cost of the disposable detonating cord itself and the need to use a large-sized UAV, since the detonating cord is heavy due to its minimum diameter of 1.5 mm;

[0015] - high vulnerability of the protection system, caused primarily by the ease of damage to the laid detonating cord from a targeted or unintentional attack by the enemy, in the form of remote weapons or from the direct actions of his personnel, both during the laying of the cord and in its static state;

[0016] - the possibility of only single use of the detonating cord, which significantly reduces the effectiveness of the proposed technical solutions, especially during a layered attack on enemy UAVs;

[0017] - the impossibility of changing the protected territory in real time, ensuring the possibility of damaging the enemy’s optical fiber in flight using a counter-UAV;

[0018] - significant dependence on the terrain of the effectiveness of the impact of excess pressure from the detonation of a detonating cord on fiber optics.

[0019] UAVs for agricultural purposes are known, for example, RU patents No. 2829201 (Published: October 30, 2024), 2808295 (Published: November 28, 2023), US11014668 (Published: May 25, 2021), containing containers for chemical reagents and means for spraying them. These UAVs are primarily used in agricultural production for treating crops with plant protection products.

[0020] Using the specified UAV design to impact fiber optics is not advisable for the following reasons:

[0021] -a large amount of chemical reagent and a large-capacity UAV are required to treat a large area where fiber optics are expected to be located;

[0022] - significant dependence on weather conditions, such as wind gusts, affecting the concentration of the sprayed chemical reagent in the fiber optic zone;

[0023] - limited targeted supply of chemical reagent directly to the optical fiber (for example, it is difficult to determine the height of the optical fiber);

[0024] - a long time interval required to damage the optical fiber, caused by both the low concentration of the sprayed chemical reagent and the large distance from the UAV spraying the chemical reagent to the optical fiber;

[0025] - negative impact on the environment of the sprayed chemical reagent, which makes it impossible to use the specified UAV in populated areas.

[0026] The objective of the present invention is to expand the arsenal of unmanned aerial vehicles for countering an unmanned aerial vehicle with fiber optic communication, as well as to increase their effectiveness.

[0027] The planned technical result from the use of the proposed technical solution is to increase the effectiveness of protecting threatened objects from an attack by an enemy UAV by interrupting the fiber-optic communication in flight between the attacking enemy UAV, controlled by a fiber-optic communication, and the control operator, due to the targeted delivery of a chemical reagent directly into the contact zone with the optical fiber to destroy it.

[0028] At the same time, a chemically active substance that reacts with the fiber optic sheath material and destroys it in real time must be supplied directly at the moment of fixing the fiber optic with an abrasive cord with a cargo anchor of the UAV to counter the unmanned aerial vehicle with fiber optic communication.

[0029] At the same time, a small amount of a chemical reagent—literally one drop—is enough to damage the integrity of an optical fiber. This is due to the fact that the optical fiber has a small cross-sectional diameter, and according to the scaling law of objects, known as the Square-Cube Law, discovered by Galileo Galilei, if the size of an object is increased / decreased by a factor of two without changing its basic shape, then its surface area will increase / decrease by a factor of four, and its volume by a factor of eight (see, for example, J.B.S. Haldane, On the Expediency of Size. Archived May 22, 2021, on the Waybak Machine).

[0030] Thus, upon contact with a chemical reagent, the section of the optical fiber allocated for damage, equal to its diameter, will have a significant value of the surface area exposed to the reagent in relation to the volume of this allocated section of the optical fiber.

[0031] However, this raises the problem of transporting and delivering a small volume of the specified chemical reagent directly to the contact zone with the optical fiber, using a cord with a cargo anchor.

[0032] Disclosure of invention.

[0033] The specified technical result is achieved through a combination of features given in the relevant points of the invention formula.

[0034] An unmanned aerial vehicle for countering an unmanned aerial vehicle with fiber optic communication comprises a body, a power source, a flight control unit, a means for transporting, lowering and lifting a load, equipped with a load cord, one end of which is connected to the means for transporting, lowering and lifting the load, and a means for transporting and using a chemical reagent in the external environment.

[0035] According to the invention, the means for transporting and using a chemical reagent in an external environment is made in the form of a capsule, which includes an upper part, rigidly fixed to the body of the UAV, and a lower part, the top of which is connected to the second free end of the cargo cord, which are connected to each other with the possibility of disconnection.

[0036] In this case, the upper part of the capsule, rigidly fixed to the body of the apparatus, has a through hole, the enclosing surface of which is complementary in shape to the enclosing side surface of the lower part of the capsule, which is made in the form of a body of revolution, the cross-section of which increases in the direction from the top.

[0037] Inside the lower part of the capsule there is a cavity for a chemical reagent designed to affect the fiber optic shell.

[0038] In this case, the cargo cord passes freely through the hole in the upper part of the capsule, and its other end is connected to the top of the lower part of the capsule.

[0039] In the side enclosed walls of the lower part of the capsule, openings are made that connect the surface of the side enclosed walls with the internal cavity of the lower movable part of the capsule.

[0040] The said apparatus has at least two modes, the first of which is a transport mode, when the load cord is wound up and the lateral enclosed surface of the lower part of the capsule is connected with the enclosing surface of the upper part of the capsule, and the second mode, when the lower part of the capsule is lowered on the load cord, and its lateral enclosed surface has come out of contact with the enclosing surface of the upper part of the capsule.

[0041] According to one of the preferred embodiments, the lateral enclosed surface of the lower part of the capsule has the shape of a cone, the half angle of which at its apex is greater than the limiting angle of sliding friction between the enclosed and enclosing surfaces of the lower and upper parts of the capsule, respectively.

[0042] According to another preferred embodiment, a porous rubber sponge is placed in the cavity of the lower part of the capsule.

[0043] According to another preferred embodiment of the apparatus, a chemically resistant braided or monofilament thread with a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm is used as a load cord, with abrasive grain applied to fragments of the surface.

[0044] According to another preferred embodiment of the apparatus, the free end of the load cord is connected to the top of the lower part of the capsule through a swivel.

[0045] According to another preferred embodiment of the means for transporting and using a chemical reagent in an external environment, on the enclosed side surface of the lower part of the capsule there is a grid of transverse annular grooves and longitudinal grooves extending from the top of the lower part of the capsule along its generatrix or along a helical line, and the openings in the walls of the lower movable part of the capsule have an outlet into the said grooves.

[0046] According to another preferred embodiment, the means for transporting and using a chemical reagent in an external environment contains blades made at an angle to its axis, located below the lateral covered surface along the perimeter of the lower part of the capsule.

[0047] According to another preferred design, an additional weight is placed at the bottom of the capsule.

[0048] Brief description of drawings.

[0049] For a better understanding, but only by way of example, the invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings, which depict the claimed UAV with its structural elements and a diagram of its use. Moreover:

[0050] Fig. 1 shows a general view of the UAV in the first transport mode, when the cargo cord is wound on a drum and the side enclosed surface of the lower part of the capsule for the chemical reagent is connected with the enclosing surface of the upper part of the capsule;

[0051] Fig. 2 shows a schematic cross-section of a capsule for a chemical reagent in the first transport mode of the UAV depicted in Fig. 1;

[0052] Fig. 3 shows a schematic cross-section of the upper and lower parts of the capsule for a chemical reagent in the second operating mode, when the lower part of the capsule is lowered on a load cord;

[0053] Fig. 4 shows a schematic section of the upper part of the capsule and a side view of one of the preferred designs of the lower part of the capsule in the second operating mode, when the lower part of the capsule is lowered on the load cord;

[0054] Fig. 5 shows a diagram of the use of the UAV in the second operating mode.

[0055] Figure positions:

[0056] 1 - proposed UAV, 1a - UAV body;

[0057] 2 - means for transporting, lowering and lifting cargo, equipped with a cargo cord 3;

[0058] 4 - capsule for chemical reagent;

[0059] 5 - the upper part of the capsule 4, rigidly fixed to the body 1a;

[0060] 6 - the lower part of the capsule 4, the top of which is connected to the second free end of the load cord 3;

[0061] 7 – a through hole in the capsule 4, the enclosing surface 8 of which is complementary in shape to the enclosing side surface 9 of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4;

[0062] 10 - cavity in the lower part 6 of capsule 4 for chemical reagent 11;

[0063] 11a - a means configured to supply a chemical reagent 11 to the surface of the cargo cord 3;

[0064] 12 - fiber optic;

[0065] 13 - UAV with fiber optic communication;

[0066] 14 - UAV operator with fiber optic communication;

[0067] 15 - openings connecting the enclosed surface 9 of the walls with the internal cavity 10 of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4;

[0068] 16 - longitudinal grooves;

[0069] 17 - transverse annular grooves;

[0070] 18 - blades;

[0071] 19 - swivel;

[0072] 20 - earth's surface.

[0073] Detailed description of the invention.

[0074] Let us consider in more detail the example shown in Fig. 1-5

[0075] proposed design of a UAV for countering an attacking enemy UAV controlled using fiber optic communication by chemical action that destroys the enemy's optical fiber 12.

[0076] The proposed UAV 1 solves the problem of storing and transporting a chemical reagent 11 to the protection zone, detecting an enemy's optical fiber 12, fixing it in space, as well as delivering the chemical reagent 11 directly to the point of contact with the optical fiber 12, followed by its destruction as a result of the chemical interaction of the material of the optical fiber 12 shell and the chemical reagent 11.

[0077] Figures 1 and 5 illustrate an example of a UAV, preferably a helicopter type. However, it should be understood that it could also be designed as a glider.

[0078] The proposed UAV 1 comprises a body 1a, an engine, a power source, a flight control unit, a means 2 for transporting, lowering and lifting a load, equipped with a cargo cord 3. In this case, one end of the cargo cord 3 is connected to the means 2 for transporting, lowering and lifting a load.

[0079] According to one preferred embodiment of the UAV, a drum with a reel, the axle of which is connected to the engine via a transmission, can be used as the means 2 for transporting, lowering, and lifting the load. Reversing of the drum of the means 2 can also be provided.

[0080] At the same time, in Fig. 1 and 5 the following are not separately indicated or numbered: the engine, the power source and the flight control unit of the UAV, since they are part of its well-known structural complex, installed in its body 1a and intended to provide the known functions of the UAV.

[0081] It should be noted that the proposed UAV can be equipped with either a gasoline or electric motor, powered by batteries or solar panels. It can also be equipped with a video camera and other equipment necessary for spatial orientation.

[0082] In addition to the above-mentioned structural elements, the proposed UAV contains a means for transporting and using a chemical reagent in the external environment.

[0083] According to the invention, the UAV 1 comprises a capsule 4, which is located on the body 1a. It is designed to store, transport, and deliver a chemical reagent 11 directly to the enemy UAV's optical fiber 12.

[0084] It should be noted that the said capsule 4 can be located at the bottom of the body 1a, and also preferably in a separate compartment inside it, which increases the aerodynamic qualities of the UAV.

[0085] Capsule 4 contains an upper part 5, rigidly fixed to body 1a, and a lower part 6, the top of which is connected to the second free end of load cord 3, which are connected to each other with the possibility of separation.

[0086] The upper part 5 has an opening 7, the enclosing surface 8 of which is complementary in shape to the enclosing side surface 9 of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4.

[0087] In this case, the lower part 6 is made in the form of a body of revolution, the cross-sectional area of ​​which, located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the lower part 6, increases in the direction from the means 2 for transporting, lowering and lifting the load.

[0088] This is necessary to ensure the possibility of the lower part 6 coming out of the mating with the upper part 5 under its own weight, as well as to ensure the unimpeded sliding of the optical fiber 12, as shown in Fig. 3, along the side surface 9 of the lower part 6.

[0089] In the figures shown, the feature in the form of a cross-sectional area that determines the shape of the lower part 6 of the proposed technical solution is not shown, since it is obvious from the verbal formula reflecting its essence, and the images of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4 in Figs. 2-4.

[0090] In this case, the top of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4 is connected to the second free end of the load cord 3, which freely passes through the hole in the upper part 5 of the capsule 4.

[0091] According to one of the preferred embodiments of the proposed design of the UAV, the lateral enclosed surface 9 of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4 has the shape of a cone (Fig. 2-4), in which half the angle at its apex is greater than the limiting angle of sliding friction between the enclosed 9 and enclosed 8 surfaces of the lower 6 and upper 5 parts of the capsule 4, respectively.

[0092] Such a ratio of the angle of the said cone and the limit angle of sliding friction between the enclosed 9 and enclosed 8 surfaces of the lower part 6 and the upper part 5, respectively, is made so that the lower part 6, when lowered on the load cord 3, does not jam and freely, as indicated above, comes out under its own weight from the connection with the upper part 5 of the capsule 4.

[0093] It should be understood that the specified maximum sliding friction angle depends on the type of material the rubbing surfaces are made of and the roughness of these surfaces. For example, for rubbing surfaces made of plastic, it will be one angle, while for metal surfaces or rubber surfaces, it will be different. Therefore, when selecting the material for the upper 5 and lower 6 parts of capsule 4, it is necessary to consider the maximum sliding friction angle of their contacting surfaces.

[0094] It should be noted that the lower portion 6 of the capsule 4 may have a different body shape, provided the ratio of its cross-sectional areas specified above is maintained. In this case, the shape of the enclosing surface 8 of the upper portion 5 of the capsule 4 must be complementary to the enclosing surface 9 of the lower portion 6.

[0095] Inside the lower part 6 of the capsule 4, a cavity 10 is formed for a chemical reagent 11, intended to act on the shell of the optical fiber 12. In this case, to access the cavity 10, the lower movable part 6 may have a corresponding opening (not shown) for filling the chemical reagent 11. At the same time, filling the said cavity 10 with a chemical reagent 11, if the lower part 6, for example, is made of an elastic material, can be carried out using a medical syringe.

[0096] Figures 2-4 show, as an example, a cavity 10 for a chemical reagent 11, which repeats the shape of the outer surface of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4. However, said cavity 10 may have a different shape, for example, the shape of a cylinder, a sphere, or the shape of a cone, the inverse of the cone of the lowermost part 6.

[0097] It is known that the fiber optic cladding primarily contains silicon oxide. Therefore, it is most appropriate to use hydrofluoric acid as the chemical reagent 11 placed in said cavity 10, as its action on the fiber optic cladding 12 results in a chemical reaction that destroys it in real time. This is crucial for improving the effectiveness of countering UAVs with fiber optic communications.

[0098] In this case, the volume of the cavity 10 made in the lower part 6 of the capsule 4, and accordingly the volume of the reagent 11 used can be within the range of 15-20 cm3.

[0099] This is a very small volume of chemical reagent 11, but it allows the functions assigned to the UAV to be performed, due to the fact that in the side walls with the enclosed surface 9 of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4, openings 15 are made, connecting the enclosed surface 9 of the walls with the internal cavity 10 of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4.

[0100] Depending on the chemical reagent used, according to one preferred embodiment, capsule 4 is made of chemically resistant plastic or rubber. For example, when using hydrofluoric acid, said plastic may be polyethylene or Teflon, which are not wetted by said acid.

[0101] It should also be noted that the upper part 5 and the lower part 6 of the capsule 4 can be made of materials that differ from each other.

[0102] In particular, for example, the upper part 5 can be made of polyethylene or Teflon, and the lower part 6 is made of copper or another material that comes after hydrogen in the series of voltages of chemical elements that are also resistant to hydrofluoric acid.

[0103] At the same time, copper, in addition to its resistance to the above-mentioned chemical reagent, has a fairly large weight, which is positive for creating the necessary tension of the cargo cord 3, and the upper part 5 of the capsule 4, made of plastic, has a small weight, which is positive for transporting the capsule 4 on the UAV.

[0104] As indicated above, to provide access of the chemical reagent 11 to the optical fiber 12 when it touches the outer surface 9 of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4 after it is captured by the load rope 3 and moved to the said surface 9, holes 15 are made in the side walls of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4.

[0105] In this case, the diameter of the holes 15 is selected in such a way that the chemical reagent 11 is guaranteed to flow under its own weight to the outer surface 9 of the lower part 5, but at the same time a small and sufficient consumption of the chemical reagent 11 must be guaranteed. Based on the above, it would be most appropriate to make the said holes 15 in the form of capillaries.

[0106] However, it should be understood that if the lower part 6 of the capsule 4 is made of chemically resistant plastic, for example, polyethylene, and hydrofluoric acid, which does not wet polyethylene, is used as a chemical reagent, then the openings 15 cannot be capillaries, the diameter of which is approximately in the range of 50 to 100 μm.

[0107] The impossibility of using capillaries as openings 15 in the given example is due to the fact that if the liquid, in this case hydrofluoric acid, does not wet the walls of the capillaries, in this case made of polyethylene, then a so-called capillary depression of the liquid occurs, preventing it from passing through the capillaries.

[0108] Therefore, the holes 15 made in the walls of the lower portion 6 of the capsule 4 should have a diameter of approximately 0.08-0.2 mm. It should be noted that selecting the diameter of these holes 15 is a routine engineering task that can be successfully solved by a specialist in the relevant field of technology, taking into account the types of materials and chemical reagents used.

[0109] In particular, the upper part 5 can be made of, for example, polyethylene or Teflon, and the lower part 6 is made of feldspar ceramics, which is wettable but relatively resistant to hydrofluoric acid.

[0110] In this case, the openings 15 in the side walls of the lower movable part 6 of the capsule 4 can be made capillary. This will allow for the most efficient use of the amount of chemical reagent 11 located in the cavity 10 of the lower movable part 6 of the capsule 4.

[0111] At the same time, it should be understood that to ensure the flow of chemical reagent 11 to surface 9 of the lower movable part 6 of capsule 4, it is necessary to maintain a minimum air vacuum in cavity 10. For this purpose, lower movable part 6 of capsule 4 can be equipped with an inertial valve connecting cavity 10 to the atmosphere when the flight mode changes, for example, during acceleration of the UAV.

[0112] In this case, the lower part 6 can be replaceable, that is, it can be replaced when the capillary openings are eroded as a result of partial interaction of the material of the lower part 6 with hydrofluoric acid.

[0113] To reduce the consumption of chemical reagent 11, according to one of the preferred embodiments of the UAV 1, a rubber porous sponge (not shown in the figure) that is chemically resistant to reagent 11 can be placed in the cavity 10 of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4. In this case, it is most expedient for it to completely fill the cavity 10.

[0114] This allows for a certain degree of delay in the leakage of chemical reagent 11 from cavity 10 through openings 15, thereby reducing the volume of chemical reagent 11 used and increasing the UAV's operating time. Furthermore, the dynamic stability of both the lower section 6 and the entire UAV 1 is increased when changing its flight modes by damping the oscillations of reagent 11 in cavity 10.

[0115] According to the invention, the proposed UAV has at least two modes, the first of which is transport, when the cargo cord 3 is wound and the lateral enclosed surface 9 of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4 is connected with the enclosing surface 8 of the upper part 5 of the capsule 4 (Fig. 1).

[0116] In the first operating mode of the proposed UAV 1, the lower part 6 is fixed relative to the fixed upper part 5, accompanied by sealing of the openings 15 and, accordingly, the cavity 10 of the lower part 6. At the same time, the aerodynamic characteristics of the UAV 1 are also improved.

[0117] This allows for long-term storage of the chemical reagent 11, which is in a liquid state, and also for its transportation to the territory of the protected area and then directly to the surface of the detected and recorded optical fiber 12 of the enemy UAV 13.

[0118] In this case, in order to retain the chemical reagent 11 on the surface 9 for the purpose of interaction with the surface of the optical fiber 12, according to another preferred embodiment of the UAV 1, a grid of transverse annular grooves 17 and longitudinal grooves 16 is made on the surface of the lower part 6, extending from the top of the movable part 6 of the capsule 4 along its generatrix or along a helical line, and the openings 15 in the walls of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4 have an outlet into the said grooves.

[0119] The second mode of the proposed UAV 1 (Fig. 3-5) corresponds to its state when the lower part 6 of the capsule 4 is lowered on the cargo cord 3, and its lateral enclosed surface 9 has come out of contact with the enclosed surface 8 of the upper part 5 of the capsule 4, and through the openings 15 the chemical reagent 11 is dosed into the longitudinal 16 and transverse annular grooves 17 on the outer enclosed surface 9 of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4.

[0120] The active zone of influence of the UAV 1 on the enemy's optical fiber 12 in the second operating mode has two zones (Figs. 3-5): zone A and zone B. As a rule, zone A is the zone of contact detection and preliminary capture of the enemy UAV 13's optical fiber 12 by the cargo cord 3, with simultaneous damage to the optical fiber by critical bending and / or abrasive wear. Zone B is the zone of final damage to the enemy's optical fiber 12 due to the effect of the chemical reagent 11 on its shell.

[0121] It should be noted that the lower part 6 of the capsule 4 in the second operating mode of the UAV 1 can be lowered to a significant distance, since, according to one of the preferred designs of the UAV, a chemically resistant braided or monofilament thread with a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm can be used as the cargo cord 3.

[0122] In this case, abrasive grain can be applied to the surface fragments of the cord 3, which will further damage the surface of the optical fiber 12 and, accordingly, increase the area of ​​action of the chemical reagent 11 on the sheath of the optical fiber 12.

[0123] In addition, the presence of abrasive grain on the load cord 3 makes it possible to at least partially destroy the additional protective sheath (if any), which is not exposed to the action of the chemical reagent 11, thereby allowing the chemical reagent 11 to react with the main material of the sheath of the optical fiber 12.

[0124] The proposed UAV 1 has a number of other preferred designs that allow for improving the planned technical result.

[0125] According to another preferred embodiment of the UAV, the cargo cord 3 is connected to the top of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4 through the swivel 19, and below the lateral covered surface 9 along the perimeter of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4, blades 18 are made at an angle to its axis.

[0126] This allows the UAV's lower portion 6 of the capsule 4 to rotate when the vertical component of its flight changes, as indicated by the arrows in Figs. 3-4. At the same time, due to the centrifugal force acting on the chemical reagent 11 in the cavity 10, it is guaranteed to exit through the openings 15 onto the surface 9 of the lower portion 6.

[0127] According to another preferred embodiment of the UAV 1, the upper part 5 of the capsule 4 may have a means 11a configured to supply a chemical reagent 11 to the surface of the cargo cord 3 through the opening 7. In this case, the chemical reagent 11 covers the surface of the unwinding cargo cord 3, which increases the efficiency of the UAV 1, since the chemical reagent 11 begins to act on the optical fiber 12 in zone A before reaching the main zone B.

[0128] It should be taken into account that the upper part 5 and the load cord 3 must be made of a material that is chemically resistant to the above-mentioned chemical reagent 11. In particular, they can be made of fluorocarbon.

[0129] It should also be noted that the chemical reagent 11 covering the surface of the unwinding cargo cord 3 may be different from the reagent 11 located in the cavity 10 and acting in zone B. This is necessary when the optical fiber 12 has several protective shells made of different chemically active materials.

[0130] The above-mentioned preferred UAV design 1 allows it to be used to cut through web-like clutter of used optical fiber that forms on tree branches, bushes, or building elements. Such web-like clutter is particularly common along the demarcation lines between opposing sides.

[0131] According to another preferred embodiment of the UAV 1, an additional load can be placed at the bottom of the lower portion 6 of the capsule 4. This increases the force required to quickly unwind the load cord 3 and tension it to permanently damage the captured optical fiber 12 in zone B and move along the load cord 3 during flight if the optical fiber 12 is not damaged in zone A. The weight of this load is selected depending on the UAV's lifting capacity and the strength of the load cord 3.

[0132] Furthermore, the specified additional load will increase vertical stability when changing the UAV flight modes, eliminating the swinging of the lower part 6, ensuring reliable capture by the cargo cord 3 of the optical fiber 12 in zone A and its accompaniment to the main zone B for interaction with the chemical reagent 11.

[0133] Use of the proposed invention.

[0134] As an example, let us consider the use of the proposed invention, depicted in Figs. 1-5 in the form of a helicopter-type UAV.

[0135] To activate the proposed UAV 1, in addition to the usual preparation steps for such a device, capsule 4 is filled with chemical reagent 11. In the first mode, using, for example, a medical syringe and needle, cavity 10 of part 6 of capsule 4 is filled with hydrofluoric acid, specifically hydrofluoric acid. Strict safety precautions must be observed during this process, as hydrofluoric acid is a hazardous chemical reagent.

[0136] The specified UAV 1 is ready for operation and can be stationary in a waiting area or in flight near a protected area. This reduces the time to intercept an attacking enemy UAV and creates a difficult-to-pass line of defense against potential enemy attacks.

[0137] Next, using known means, monitoring of the threat zone is carried out in order to detect an attacking unmanned aerial vehicle controlled via fiber-optic communication, determining the direction and approximate trajectory and altitude of its flight in the direction of the target.

[0138] The above actions are carried out using known methods and known means of detecting the movement of unmanned aerial vehicles, so there is no need to consider them in detail in this case.

[0139] According to the invention, before the enemy reaches the target, at least one proposed UAV 1, characterized by one of the above-mentioned designs, flies in the first mode so that its trajectory intersects the trajectory of the attacking enemy unmanned aerial vehicle approaching the target at an altitude exceeding its flight altitude in the interception zone.

[0140] Next, when the proposed UAV 1 approaches the trajectory of the enemy UAV 13 that has flown by, it switches to the second operating mode and lowers the lower part 6 of the capsule 4 on the cargo cord 3 to a level as close as possible to the surface of the earth 20 and then carries out trawling of the space with the optical fiber 12 of the enemy 14 located in it (Fig. 3, 5) until the said optical fiber 12 contacts the cargo cord 3 in zone A and then accompanies the optical fiber 12 into zone B (shown by the dotted line) to the surface 9 of the lower part 6 of the capsule 4, on which, under the action of gravity, a film of chemical reagent 11, in particular hydrofluoric acid, has formed.

[0141] Next, chemical reagent 11 enters into an active chemical reaction with the fiber optic cable sheath 12, causing it to deteriorate. This disrupts communication between the enemy operator 14 and their UAV 13.

[0142] Following the disruption of fiber optic cable 12, the proposed UAV switches to the first transport mode, raising and securing the lower movable portion 6 of capsule 4 and returning to the holding area to attempt another disruption of the fiber optic cable of another enemy UAV 13 or group thereof. This protects the threatened area and the objects located within it.

[0143] The above method of using the proposed UAV design has a number of preferred designs that can increase its efficiency.

[0144] According to one preferred embodiment of the method, two UAVs are involved in space trawling, performing counter or sequential flights.

[0145] This ensures a reduction in the detection time of the enemy's optical fiber, as well as the possibility of simultaneously destroying the optical fiber by squeezing it between two cargo cords of the UAV moving in opposite directions.

[0146] According to another preferred embodiment of the method, the selection of the UAV flight path is carried out in automatic mode, taking into account operational information about the enemy’s flight.

[0147] This can reduce the time required to detect and damage the enemy's optical fiber, thereby increasing the effectiveness of protecting the target.

[0148] According to another preferred embodiment of the method, the flight of the UAV 1 in the zone of approach to the enemy's optical fiber is carried out covertly at an altitude that is less than or greater than the altitude of the enemy's flight trajectory in the interception zone.

[0149] This allows you to increase the survivability of the UAV 1 and covertly damage the optical fiber 12 of the enemy UAV 13, preventing it from changing its flight path.

[0150] Thus, the design of the proposed UAV enables the planned technical result of increasing the efficiency of interrupting fiber-optic communication between the enemy operator and their UAV by targeted delivery of a chemical reagent directly to the fiber contact zone and its destruction. This, in turn, protects the target, including from enemy UAV swarms, creating an impenetrable line of defense that can be of considerable length and configuration. At the same time, the likelihood of overloading defense systems and the cost of destroying the enemy UAV are significantly reduced.

[0151] Although the present invention has been described with a certain degree of detail, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.

Claims

1. An unmanned aerial vehicle for countering an unmanned aerial vehicle with fiber optic communications, comprising a body, a power source, a flight control unit, a means for transporting, lowering and lifting a load, equipped with a cargo cord, one end of which is connected to the means for transporting, lowering and lifting the load, characterized in that the device contains a means for transporting and using in the external environment a chemical reagent, made in the form of a capsule, including an upper part, rigidly fixed to the body of the device, and a lower part, the top of which is connected to the second free end of the cargo cord, mated with each other with the possibility of disconnection, wherein the upper part of the capsule has a through hole, the enclosing surface of which is complementary in shape to the enclosing side surface of the lower part of the capsule, which is made in the form of a body of revolution,in which the cross-sectional area increases in the direction from the means of transporting, lowering and lifting the load, and inside the lower part of the capsule there is a cavity for a chemical reagent intended to act on the sheath of the optical fiber, and the load cord passes freely through the opening in the upper part of the capsule, while in the side enclosed walls of the lower part of the capsule there are openings connecting the surface of the side enclosed walls with the internal cavity for the chemical reagent of the lower part of the capsule.

2. The apparatus according to paragraph 1, characterized in that its lateral enclosed surface of the lower part of the capsule has the shape of a cone, in which half the angle at its apex is greater than the maximum angle of sliding friction between the enclosed and enclosing surfaces of the lower and upper parts of the capsule, respectively.

3. The apparatus according to paragraph 1, characterized in that a porous rubber sponge that is chemically resistant to a chemical reagent is placed in the cavity of the lower movable part of the capsule.

4. The apparatus according to paragraph 1, characterized in that a chemically resistant braided or monofilament thread with a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm is used as the load cord, on fragments of the surface of which abrasive grain is applied.

5. The apparatus according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the load cord is connected to the top of the lower part of the capsule through a swivel, and below the lateral covered surface along the perimeter of the lower part of the capsule, blades are made at an angle to its axis.

6. The apparatus according to paragraph 1, characterized in that on the enclosed side surface of the lower part of the capsule there are intersecting transverse annular and longitudinal grooves running from the top of the lower part of the capsule along its generatrix or along a helical line, and the openings in the walls of the lower part of the capsule have an outlet into the said grooves.

7. The apparatus according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the lower part of the capsule can be equipped with an inertial valve connecting the cavity to the atmosphere.

8. The apparatus according to paragraph 1, characterized in that an additional load is placed at the bottom of the lower part of the capsule.

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