Cultivator's paw

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: cultivator paw includes a toe (1) passing through the breast (2) into the shank (3), or a toe (1) passing into the breast (2), side wings (4) with cutting edges (5) and loosening elements (6) located on the wings (4) parallel to the longitudinal axis of the paw and offset backwards relative to the cutting edges (5) of the wings (4). In the plane of the side wings (4) along the rear edge (7) there are loosening elements (6) in the form of longitudinal plates having a width and equal pitch (L), as well as a length (L / 2) equal to half the width of the plate, forming an outer edge (8) parallel to the plane of the rear edge (7) of the wings (4).EFFECT: improved quality of loosening and lowering erosion-hazardous soil particles into the lower layers.1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

[0001] The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to soil-cultivating working bodies, and can be used for early spring moisture closure and steam care in arid regions.

[0002] Flat-cutting and universal winged cultivator shares for continuous surface tillage are known. The share with a shank consists of symmetrical wings sharpened at the front, forming a nose and shank at the inflection point for attachment to the shank. The share is attached with rivets or special bolts to the lower part of the shank, positioned at an acute angle to the furrow bottom (GOST 1343-82. Shares and Shafts of Cultivators. State Committee for Standards, Moscow, 1982. pp. 1-9, 14-16).

[0003] Also known is a pointed cultivator paw, the blade of which has a surfacing of wear-resistant material with melting through to its entire depth and filling with electrode material a technological groove made on the back side (see Patent RU No. 694112, Working element of a cultivator Claimed 14.06.74; published 30.10.79).

[0004] The disadvantage of these working bodies when working at a shallow (5-7 cm) depth is the strong drying out of the loosened surface layer of soil due to the formation of furrows by the racks with a depth and width of 3-4 cm, increasing to 12 cm or more.

[0005] The closest to the claimed device is a cultivator paw, including a nose, chest, wings with cutting edges and loosening elements located on the wings parallel to the longitudinal axis of the paw with a rearward offset relative to the cutting edges of the wings in the form of a bulge in the shape of a part of the surface of an ellipsoid of revolution (RU No. 2070366 C1, published 12 / 20 / 1996).

[0006] The technical disadvantage of this working element is the formation of a furrow behind the rack, and the presence of a bulge in the form of a part of the surface of an ellipsoid of revolution further increases the drying of the soil due to the unloading and movement of the processed layer, which increases the formation of erosion particles.

[0007] The problem that the claimed invention is aimed at solving is simplifying the design of the paw and improving the quality of soil cultivation.

[0008] The technical result is an improvement in the quality of loosening and the lowering of erosion-hazardous soil particles into the lower layers.

[0009] The technical result is achieved by a cultivator blade comprising a tip extending over the breast into the shank, or a tip extending into the breast, side wings with cutting edges, and loosening elements positioned on the wings parallel to the longitudinal axis of the blade and offset rearward relative to the cutting edges of the wings. The loosening elements are formed in the plane of the side wings along the rear edge in the form of longitudinal plates having a width and equal pitch L, and a length L / 2, equal to half the plate width, forming an outer edge parallel to the plane of the rear edge of the wings.

[0010] The figure depicts a cultivator paw.

[0011] The cultivator paw includes a toe 1, passing through the breast 2 into the shank 3, or a toe 1, passing into the breast 2, side wings 4 with cutting edges 5 and loosening elements 6 located on the wings 4 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the paw and with a rearward offset relative to the rear edge 7 of the wings. In this case, in the plane of the side wings 4, the loosening elements 6 are made along the rear edge 7 in the form of longitudinal plates having a width and an equal pitch L, as well as a length L / 2, equal to half the width of the plate, forming an outer edge 8 parallel to the plane of the rear edge 7 of the wings 4.

[0012] The cultivator paw for surface soil cultivation works as follows.

[0013] Loosening the soil along a cultivator's blade is a two-stage process. A preliminary forward displacement of the soil occurs before the blade begins cutting. Particles from the soil layer in contact with the blade's surface are drawn forward, causing the layers ahead to compress and shift, resulting in partial crumbling.

[0014] The second stage involves the primary movement of soil forward and upward along the surface of the sweep. This results in soil destruction through crushing and cutting. The final stage is additional movement upon disengagement from the sweep.

[0015] When soil hits the working surface of the plowshare, the soil layer splits into two streams at the breast of the plowshare. The loosened sections of the soil layer shift in both directions from the plowshare axis. A deviation in the longitudinal-vertical plane at an angle of δ from the direction of the trajectory results in the formation of furrows behind the tines.

[0016] Inconsistency of crumbling clods, formation of furrows and erosion-hazardous particles on the soil surface leads to a decrease in the quality of soil cultivation during cultivation.

[0017] One of the important indicators of the quality of soil cultivation is crumbling, and in particular, the size of clods up to and including 25 mm is not less than 80% (STO AIST 4.6-2018 Testing of agricultural machinery, Tillage machines, Purpose and reliability indicators). To improve the quality of soil loosening and with the least formation of erosive particles, the side wings 4 are designed with design changes. In the plane of the side wings 4, loosening elements 6 are made parallel to the longitudinal axis of the paw and offset backward relative to the rear edge 7. They have a width and equal pitch L, as well as a length L / 2, equal to half the plate width, forming an outer edge 8 parallel to the plane of the rear edge 7 of the wings 4.

[0018] This design of the side wings 4 results in additional crumbling and separation when soil runs off the rear edge 7 and the side faces of the loosening elements 6. The width, pitch, and length of the loosening element 6 determine the permissible amount of lumpiness from additional crumbling during variable soil runoff (soil squeezing between the loosening elements). The loosening elements 6 also stabilize the soil deflection in the longitudinal plane when running off the rear edge 7. When soil runs off the rear edge 7 and the outer face 8 of the loosening element 6 in variable amounts, the separation of eroded particles occurs, sinking them into the underlying layers.

[0019] This cultivator share design generates alternating stresses and oscillations in three planes as the soil moves across the share. The resulting variable clearance from the rear and outer edges, as well as between the loosening elements, allows for additional separation of the loosened soil to a predetermined size and reduces the amount of erodible particles in the surface layer.

[0020] Thus, the declared cultivator paw ensures improved quality of loosening and lowering erosion-hazardous soil particles into the lower layers.

Claims

A cultivator paw comprising a nose passing over the breast into the shank, or a nose passing into the breast, side wings with cutting edges and loosening elements located on the wings parallel to the longitudinal axis of the paw and offset backwards relative to the cutting edges of the wings, characterized in that in the plane of the side wings along the rear edge, loosening elements are made in the form of longitudinal plates having a width and equal pitch L, as well as a length L / 2, equal to half the width of the plate, forming an outer edge parallel to the plane of the rear edge of the wings.

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