Batch vortex nozzle for heat and mass transfer apparatus

Abstract

FIELD: heat and mass transfer apparatus.SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to the design of package vortex heat and mass exchange apparatuses and can be used, in particular, for carrying out processes of absorption, desorption and wet dust collection in the energy, chemical and other industries. A package vortex nozzle for heat and mass exchange apparatus is proposed, comprising a first swirler, which is a sheet, in the upper part of which there are first rectangular petals, a second swirler, which is a sheet, in the upper part of which there are first rectangular petals, a third swirler, which is a sheet, in the upper part of which there are first rectangular petals, a fourth swirler, which is a sheet, in the upper part of which there are first rectangular petals, wherein the second rectangular petals of the second swirler are inserted into the first rectangular openings of the first swirler in such a way that the outer surfaces of the first rectangular petals of the first and second swirlers are oriented towards each other, the third rectangular petals of the third swirler are inserted into the third rectangular openings of the second swirler in such a way that the inner surfaces of the first rectangular petals of the second and third swirlers are oriented towards each other, the second rectangular petals the fourth swirler are inserted into the first rectangular openings of the third swirler in such a way that the outer surfaces of the first rectangular petals of the third and fourth swirlers are oriented towards each other, and between the first and fourth swirlers there is placed at least one block consisting of the second and third swirlers connected to each other in the above-mentioned manner, wherein the package vortex nozzle contains at least two tiers consisting of the first, second, third and fourth swirlers connected to each other, wherein the swirlers are placed inside the rectangular pipeline in such a way that their second rectangular openings are oriented towards the flow of liquid and / or gas, and grilles are installed on the inlet and outlet sides of the rectangular pipeline.EFFECT: increase the ease of assembly of a package vortex nozzle for heat and mass transfer apparatus.3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

[0001] Technical field

[0002] The invention relates to the design of package vortex heat and mass exchange apparatuses, and can be used, in particular, for carrying out processes of absorption, desorption and wet dust collection in the energy, chemical and other industries.

[0003] Technology Level

[0004] A package vortex nozzle for heat and mass exchange apparatuses, adopted as a prototype of the claimed invention, is known from the prior art, consisting of a plurality of identical rectangular cells connected to each other in a single package, wherein the ends of the opposite walls of each cell are bent inward with a vertical offset relative to each other, so that they overlap the front slots at the entrance and exit of the cell, forming swirlers, characterized in that the front slots of the swirlers at the entrance and exit in each of the cells are located at an angle to the vertical axis of the cell and parallel to each other (patent for invention RU 2634773 C1, publication date: 03.11.2017, hereinafter - [1]).

[0005] The disadvantage of the known from [1] package vortex packing for heat and mass transfer apparatus is the inconvenience of assembling the package vortex packing for heat and mass transfer apparatus due to the complexity of the spatial arrangement of the surfaces of the swirlers of the packing cells relative to each other and the need to use fasteners or welding to connect the swirlers during the assembly of the package vortex packing.

[0006] Disclosure of invention

[0007] The problem, which the patented invention is aimed at solving, is the creation of a package vortex packing for heat and mass exchange apparatuses with a simplification of the placement of the surfaces of the packing swirlers relative to each other during the process of its assembly, and the technical result is an increase in the convenience of assembling a package vortex packing for heat and mass exchange apparatuses by eliminating the need to use fasteners or welding to connect the swirlers during its assembly.

[0008] The solution to the said problem by achieving the said technical result in relation to the claimed invention is ensured by the fact that the package vortex nozzle for heat and mass exchange apparatuses comprises: a first swirler, which is a sheet, in the upper part of which there are first rectangular petals, the ends of which are oriented upward and bent inward of the first swirler, wherein between the first rectangular petals there are evenly spaced rectangular cutouts, and under the first rectangular petals there are second rectangular petals bent inward of the first swirler and oriented downward at an angle, wherein under the second rectangular petals there are evenly spaced first rectangular openings, and in the lower part of the first swirler there are evenly spaced second rectangular openings, wherein the part of the sheet of the first swirler containing the second rectangular petals,and also the first and second rectangular openings are bent in an annular shape, and the first rectangular petals of the first swirler are bent in an oval shape, wherein between the ends of the first rectangular petals and the upper edge of the annular portion of the first swirler there is a rectangular gap; the second swirler, which is a sheet, in the upper part of which there are first rectangular petals, the ends of which are oriented upward and bent inward of the second swirler, wherein between the first rectangular petals there are evenly spaced rectangular cutouts, wherein under the first rectangular petals there are second rectangular petals, bent outward of the second swirler and oriented downward at an angle, wherein under the second rectangular petals there are evenly spaced first rectangular openings, wherein in the lower part of the second swirler there are evenly spaced second rectangular openings,wherein opposite the second rectangular petals there are third rectangular petals bent inward of the second swirler and oriented upward at an angle, and above the third rectangular petals there are evenly spaced third rectangular openings, wherein the portion of the sheet of the second swirler containing the second and third rectangular petals, as well as the first, second and third rectangular openings, is bent in an annular shape, and the first rectangular petals of the second swirler are bent in an oval shape, and between the ends of the first rectangular petals and the upper edge of the annular portion of the second swirler there is a rectangular gap; the third swirler, which is a sheet in the upper portion of which there are first rectangular petals, the ends of which are oriented upward and bent inward of the third swirler, and between the first rectangular petals there are evenly spaced rectangular cutouts,wherein under the first rectangular petals there are second rectangular petals bent inward of the third swirler and oriented downwards at an angle, wherein under the second rectangular petals there are uniformly spaced first rectangular openings, wherein in the lower part of the third swirler there are uniformly spaced second rectangular openings, wherein opposite the second rectangular petals there are third rectangular petals bent outward of the third swirler and oriented upwards at an angle, wherein above the third rectangular petals there are uniformly spaced third rectangular openings, wherein the part of the sheet of the third swirler containing the second and third rectangular petals, as well as the first, second and third rectangular openings, is bent in an annular shape, and the first rectangular petals of the third swirler are bent in an oval shape,wherein between the ends of the first rectangular petals and the upper edge of the annular portion of the third swirler there is a rectangular gap; a fourth swirler, which is a sheet in the upper portion of which there are first rectangular petals, the ends of which are oriented upward and bent inward of the fourth swirler, wherein between the first rectangular petals there are evenly spaced rectangular cutouts, wherein under the first rectangular petals there are second rectangular petals bent outward of the fourth swirler and oriented downward at an angle, wherein under the second rectangular petals there are evenly spaced rectangular openings, wherein in the lower portion of the fourth swirler there are evenly spaced second rectangular openings, wherein the portion of the sheet of the fourth swirler containing the second rectangular petals, as well as the first and second rectangular openings, is bent in an annular shape,and the first rectangular petals of the fourth swirler are bent in an oval shape, and between the ends of the first rectangular petals and the upper edge of the annular portion of the fourth swirler there is a rectangular gap; wherein the second rectangular petals of the second swirler are inserted into the first rectangular openings of the first swirler in such a way that the outer surfaces of the first rectangular petals of the first and second swirlers are oriented towards each other; wherein the third rectangular petals of the third swirler are inserted into the third rectangular openings of the second swirler in such a way that the inner surfaces of the first rectangular petals of the second and third swirlers are oriented towards each other; wherein the second rectangular petals of the fourth swirler are inserted into the first rectangular openings of the third swirler in such a way,that the outer surfaces of the first rectangular lobes of the third and fourth swirlers are oriented towards each other; and between the first and fourth swirlers there is placed at least one block consisting of the second and third swirlers connected to each other in the above-mentioned manner; and the packet vortex nozzle contains at least two tiers consisting of the first, second, third and fourth swirlers connected to each other; and the upper tier is placed above the lower tier in such a way that the first rectangular lobes of the swirlers of the lower tier are inserted into the second rectangular openings of the swirlers of the upper tier, and the outer surfaces of the first rectangular lobes of the swirlers of the lower tier rest against the inner surfaces of the openings of the swirlers of the upper tier; and the swirlers are placed inside the rectangular pipeline in such a way,that their second rectangular openings are oriented towards the flow of liquid and / or gas; moreover, gratings are installed on the inlet and outlet sides of the rectangular pipeline.

[0009] The surfaces of the first, second, third, and fourth swirlers may be partially or completely coated with a catalyst. The surfaces of the first, second, third, and fourth swirlers may be partially or completely roughened and / or perforated.

[0010] The cause-and-effect relationship between the set of essential features of the claimed invention and the achieved technical result is as follows.

[0011] By using the above four swirlers connected to each other in the above manner, the ease of assembly of the package vortex packing for heat and mass transfer apparatus is increased by eliminating the need to use fasteners or welding to connect the swirlers during its assembly.

[0012] Brief description of figures

[0013] Figure 1 shows a schematic axonometric view of a two-tier vortex packet nozzle. Figure 2 shows a view of a three-tier vortex packet nozzle from the end face of its swirlers. Figure 3 shows a view of the first swirler from the end face and its expanded view from the inner side A. Figure 4 shows a view of the second swirler from the inner side B. Figure 5 shows a view of the third swirler from the inner side. Figure 6 shows a view of the third swirler from the inner side G.

[0014] Description of the positions of the pieces

[0015] 1 - first swirl;

[0016] 1.1 - first rectangular petals;

[0017] 1.2 - rectangular cutouts;

[0018] 1.3 - second rectangular petals;

[0019] 1.4 - first rectangular holes;

[0020] 1.5 - second rectangular holes;

[0021] 1.6 - rectangular slots;

[0022] 2 - second swirl;

[0023] 2.1 - first rectangular petals;

[0024] 2.2 - rectangular cutouts;

[0025] 2.3 - second rectangular petals;

[0026] 2.4 - first rectangular holes;

[0027] 2.5 - second rectangular holes;

[0028] 2.6 - third rectangular petals;

[0029] 2.7 - third rectangular holes;

[0030] 2.8 - rectangular slots;

[0031] 3 - the third swirl;

[0032] 3.1 - first rectangular petals;

[0033] 3.2 - rectangular cutouts;

[0034] 3.3 - second rectangular petals;

[0035] 3.4 - first rectangular holes;

[0036] 3.5 - second rectangular holes;

[0037] 3.6 - third rectangular petals;

[0038] 3.7 - third rectangular holes;

[0039] 3.8 - rectangular slots;

[0040] 4 - the fourth swirl;

[0041] 4.1 - first rectangular petals;

[0042] 4.2 - rectangular cutouts;

[0043] 4.3 - second rectangular petals;

[0044] 4.4 - first rectangular holes;

[0045] 4.5 - second rectangular holes;

[0046] 4.6 - rectangular slots.

[0047] Implementation of the invention

[0048] Below is a specific example of the design of a package vortex nozzle for heat and mass transfer devices and the principle of its operation.

[0049] A packet vortex packing for heat and mass transfer apparatus comprises: a first swirler 1, which is a rectangular sheet made of 12X18N10T steel, in the upper part of which there are first rectangular petals 1.1, the ends of which are oriented upwards and bent inward of the first swirler 1. In this case, between the first rectangular petals 1.1 there are evenly spaced rectangular cutouts 1.2. Moreover, under the first rectangular petals 1.1 there are second rectangular petals 1.3, bent inward of the first swirler 1 and oriented downwards at an angle of 45°. In this case, under the second rectangular petals 1.3 there are evenly spaced first rectangular openings 1.4. Moreover, in the lower part of the first swirler 1 there are evenly spaced second rectangular openings 1.5. In this case, the part of the sheet of the first swirler 1, containing the second rectangular petals 1.3, as well as the first and second rectangular openings 1.4 and 1.5 is bent in a ring shape, and the first rectangular petals 1.1 of the first swirler 1 are bent in an oval shape. Moreover, between the ends of the first rectangular petals 1.1 and the upper edge of the annular part of the first swirler 1 there is a rectangular gap 1.6. The packet vortex nozzle also contains a second swirler 2, which is a rectangular sheet made of 12X18N10T steel, in the upper part of which there are first rectangular petals 2.1, the ends of which are oriented upwards and bent inward of the second swirler 2. In this case, between the first rectangular petals 2.1 there are evenly spaced rectangular cutouts 2.2. Moreover, under the first rectangular petals 2.1 there are second rectangular petals 2.3, bent outward of the second swirler 2 and oriented downwards at an angle of 45°. In this case, under the second rectangular petals 2.3 there are evenly spaced first rectangular openings 2.4.Moreover, in the lower part of the second swirler 2 there are evenly spaced second rectangular openings 2.5. In this case, opposite the second rectangular petals 2.3 there are third rectangular petals 2.6, bent inward of the second swirler 2 and oriented upward at an angle of 45°. In this case, above the third rectangular petals 2.6 there are evenly spaced third rectangular openings 2.7, in this case, the part of the sheet of the second swirler 2, containing the second and third rectangular petals 2.3 and 2.6, as well as the first, second and third rectangular openings 2.4, 2.5, 2.7, is bent in an annular shape, and the first rectangular petals 2.1 of the second swirler 2 are bent in an oval shape. Moreover, between the ends of the first rectangular petals 2.1 and the upper edge of the annular part of the second swirler 2 there is a rectangular gap 2.8.The packet vortex nozzle also comprises a third swirler 3, which is a rectangular sheet made of 12X18N10T steel, in the upper part of which there are rectangular petals 3.1, the ends of which are oriented upwards and bent inwards of the third swirler 3. In this case, between the first rectangular petals 3.1 there are evenly spaced rectangular cutouts 3.2. Moreover, under the first rectangular petals 3.1 there are second rectangular petals 3.3, bent inwards of the third swirler 3 and oriented downwards at an angle of 45°. In this case, under the second rectangular petals 3.3 there are evenly spaced first rectangular openings 3.4. Moreover, in the lower part of the third swirler 3 there are evenly spaced second rectangular openings 3.5. In this case, opposite the second rectangular petals 3.3, third rectangular petals 3.6 are placed, bent outward from the third swirler 3 and oriented upward at an angle of 45°.Moreover, above the third rectangular petals 3.6 there are evenly spaced third rectangular openings 3.7. In this case, the part of the sheet of the third swirler 3, containing the second and third rectangular petals 3.3 and 3.6, as well as the first, second and third rectangular openings 3.4, 3.5 and 3.7, is bent in an annular shape, and the first rectangular petals 3.1 of the third swirler 3 are bent in an oval shape. Moreover, between the ends of the first rectangular petals 3.1 and the upper edge of the annular part of the first swirler 3 there is a rectangular gap 3.8. The package vortex nozzle also contains a fourth swirler 4, which is a rectangular sheet made of 12X18N10T steel, in the upper part of which there are first rectangular petals 4.1, the ends of which are oriented upward and bent inward of the fourth swirler 4. At the same time, between the first rectangular petals 4.1 there are evenly spaced rectangular cutouts 4.2. Moreover, under the first rectangular petals 4.1 there are second rectangular petals 4.3, bent outward of the fourth swirler 4 and oriented downwards at an angle of 45°. In this case, under the second rectangular petals 4.3 there are uniformly spaced first rectangular openings 4.4. Moreover, in the lower part of the fourth swirler 4 there are uniformly spaced second rectangular openings 4.5. In this case, the part of the sheet of the fourth swirler 4, containing the second rectangular petals 4.3, as well as the first and second rectangular openings 4.4 and 4.5, is bent in an annular shape, and the first rectangular petals 4.1 of the fourth swirler 4 are bent in an oval shape. In this case, the second rectangular petals 2.3 of the second swirler 2 are inserted into the first rectangular openings 1.4 of the first swirler 1 in such a way that the outer surfaces of the first rectangular petals 1.1 and 2.1 of the first and second swirlers 1 and 2 are oriented towards each other. Moreover, the third rectangular petals 3.6 of the third swirler 3 are inserted into the third rectangular openings 2.7 of the second swirler in such a way that the inner surfaces of the first petals 2.1 and 3.1 of the second and third swirlers 2 and 3 are oriented towards each other. In this case, the second rectangular petals 4.3 of the fourth swirler 4 are inserted into the first rectangular openings 3.4 of the third swirler 3 in such a way that the outer surfaces of the first rectangular petals 3.1 and 4.1 of the third and fourth swirlers 3 and 4 are oriented towards each other. Moreover, between the first and fourth swirlers 1 and 4, at least one block is placed, consisting of the second and third swirlers 2 and 3, connected to each other in the above-mentioned manner. In this case, the package vortex nozzle contains at least two tiers consisting of the first, second, third and fourth swirlers 1, 2, 3 and 4 connected to each other. Moreover, the upper tier is placed above the lower tier in such a way that the first rectangular petals 1.1, 2.1, 3.1 and 4.1 swirlers 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the lower tier are inserted into the second rectangular openings 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 of the swirlers 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the upper tier, and the outer surfaces of the first petals 1.1, 2.1, 3.1 and 4.1 of the swirlers 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the first tier rest against the inner surfaces of the second rectangular openings 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 of the swirlers 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the second tier; wherein the tiers of swirlers 1, 2, 3, 4 are placed inside a rectangular pipeline (not shown in the Fig.) in such a way that their second rectangular openings 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 are oriented towards the flow of liquid and / or gas. Moreover, on the inlet and outlet sides of the rectangular pipeline (not shown in the figure), grates are installed that limit the movement of the first, second, third and fourth (not shown in the figure). In this case, the surfaces of the first, second, third and fourth swirlers 1, 2, 3, 4 can be partially or completely covered with a catalyst.In this case, the surfaces of the first, second, third and fourth swirlers 1, 2, 3, 4 can be partially or completely made rough and / or perforated (Fig. 1-6).

[0050] The operation of the batch vortex nozzle for heat and mass transfer apparatus is carried out as follows.

[0051] Gas and liquid enter a rectangular pipeline in a vertical co-current or counter-current manner and first pass through the upper and / or lower inlet rectangular grates (not shown in the figure). Gas and liquid pass through the second rectangular openings 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, the first rectangular slots 1.6, 2.8, 3.8, 4.6 and the rectangular cutouts 1.2, 2.2, 3.2, 4.2, contacting with each other and forming a gas-liquid mixture. In this case, the flow of the gas-liquid mixture is swirled due to the fact that it passes through the annular parts of the first, second, third and fourth swirlers 1, 2, 3, 4, as a result of which a turbulent gas-droplet flow is formed inside them.

[0052] Contact between liquid and gas also occurs when they hit the outer surfaces of swirlers 1, 2, 3, 4. Due to the swirling of the gas-liquid mixture inside swirlers 1, 2, 3, 4, heat and mass transfer and separation of liquid droplets occur, which are carried to the inner surfaces of swirlers 1, 2, 3, 4, separating from the gas flow.

[0053] By using the above four swirlers 1, 2, 3, 4, connected to each other in the above manner, it is possible to increase the ease of assembly of the package vortex nozzle for heat and mass transfer apparatus by eliminating the need to use fasteners or welding to connect the swirlers 1, 2, 3, 4 during its assembly.

[0054] Industrial applicability

[0055] The patented invention meets the requirement of "industrial applicability." The essence of the technical solution is disclosed in the claims, description, and figures in a manner sufficiently clear for understanding and industrial implementation by relevant specialists in the field of thermal power engineering.

Claims

1. A package vortex nozzle for heat and mass exchange apparatus, characterized in that it contains: a first swirler, which is a sheet, in the upper part of which there are first rectangular petals, the ends of which are oriented upward and bent inward of the first swirler, wherein between the first rectangular petals there are evenly spaced rectangular cutouts, and under the first rectangular petals there are second rectangular petals bent inward of the first swirler and oriented downward at an angle, wherein under the second rectangular petals there are evenly spaced first rectangular openings, and in the lower part of the first swirler there are evenly spaced second rectangular openings, wherein the part of the sheet of the first swirler containing the second rectangular petals, as well as the first and second rectangular openings, is bent in an annular shape, and the first rectangular petals of the first swirler are bent in an oval shape,wherein between the ends of the first rectangular petals and the upper edge of the annular portion of the first swirler there is a rectangular gap; a second swirler, which is a sheet, in the upper portion of which there are first rectangular petals, the ends of which are oriented upward and bent inward of the second swirler, wherein between the first rectangular petals there are evenly spaced rectangular cutouts, wherein under the first rectangular petals there are second rectangular petals bent outward of the second swirler and oriented downward at an angle, wherein under the second rectangular petals there are evenly spaced first rectangular openings, wherein in the lower portion of the second swirler there are evenly spaced second rectangular openings, wherein opposite the second rectangular petals there are third rectangular petals bent inward of the second swirler and oriented upward at an angle,wherein above the third rectangular petals there are evenly spaced third rectangular openings, wherein the portion of the sheet of the second swirler containing the second and third rectangular petals, as well as the first, second and third rectangular openings, is bent in an annular shape, and the first rectangular petals of the second swirler are bent in an oval shape, wherein between the ends of the first rectangular petals and the upper edge of the annular portion of the second swirler there is a rectangular gap; the third swirler, which is a sheet, in the upper portion of which there are first rectangular petals, the ends of which are oriented upward and bent inward of the third swirler, wherein between the first rectangular petals there are evenly spaced rectangular cutouts, wherein under the first rectangular petals there are second rectangular petals bent inward of the third swirler and oriented downward at an angle,wherein under the second rectangular petals there are uniformly spaced first rectangular openings, and in the lower part of the third swirler there are uniformly spaced second rectangular openings, and opposite the second rectangular petals there are third rectangular petals bent outward of the third swirler and oriented upward at an angle, and above the third rectangular petals there are uniformly spaced third rectangular openings, and the part of the sheet of the third swirler containing the second and third rectangular petals, as well as the first, second and third rectangular openings, is bent in an annular shape, and the first rectangular petals of the third swirler are bent in an oval shape, and between the ends of the first rectangular petals and the upper edge of the annular part of the third swirler there is a rectangular slit; a fourth swirler, which is a sheet in the upper part of which there are first rectangular petals,the ends of which are oriented upward and bent inward of the fourth swirler, wherein between the first rectangular petals there are evenly spaced rectangular cutouts, and under the first rectangular petals there are second rectangular petals bent outward of the fourth swirler and oriented downward at an angle, wherein under the second rectangular petals there are evenly spaced rectangular openings, and in the lower part of the fourth swirler there are evenly spaced second rectangular openings, wherein the part of the sheet of the fourth swirler containing the second rectangular petals, as well as the first and second rectangular openings, is bent in an annular shape, and the first rectangular petals of the fourth swirler are bent in an oval shape,wherein between the ends of the first rectangular petals and the upper edge of the annular portion of the fourth swirler there is a rectangular gap; wherein the second rectangular petals of the second swirler are inserted into the first rectangular openings of the first swirler in such a way that the outer surfaces of the first rectangular petals of the first and second swirlers are oriented towards each other; wherein the third rectangular petals of the third swirler are inserted into the third rectangular openings of the second swirler in such a way that the inner surfaces of the first rectangular petals of the second and third swirlers are oriented towards each other; wherein the second rectangular petals of the fourth swirler are inserted into the first rectangular openings of the third swirler in such a way that the outer surfaces of the first rectangular petals of the third and fourth swirlers are oriented towards each other; wherein at least one block is placed between the first and fourth swirlers,consisting of a second and a third swirler connected to each other in the above-mentioned manner; wherein the packet vortex nozzle comprises at least two tiers consisting of a first, second, third and fourth swirler connected to each other; wherein the upper tier is located above the lower tier in such a way that the first rectangular petals of the swirlers of the lower tier are inserted into the second rectangular openings of the swirlers of the upper tier, and the outer surfaces of the first rectangular petals of the swirlers of the lower tier rest against the inner surfaces of the openings of the swirlers of the upper tier; wherein the swirlers are located inside the rectangular pipeline in such a way that their second rectangular openings are oriented towards the flow of liquid and / or gas; wherein grates are installed on the inlet and outlet sides of the rectangular pipeline.

2. A package vortex packing for heat and mass exchange apparatus according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the surfaces of its first, second, third and fourth swirlers are partially or completely covered with a catalyst.

3. A packet vortex nozzle for heat and mass exchange apparatus according to paragraph 1 or 2, characterized in that the surfaces of its first, second, third and fourth swirlers are partially or completely made rough and / or perforated.

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