Elevator with drive for moving cabin along shaft guides

Abstract

FIELD: design of elevator.SUBSTANCE: elevator with a drive for moving the cabin along the shaft guides consists of a cabin, a shaft, guides, and a drive. The drive is mounted on a beam at the top of the shaft and consists of an electric motor, a gearbox and two drums for winding cables connected to the cabin. The cables are connected by a hinge to the center of the cabin roof and are located in a plane passing through the center of the cabin and two guides placed opposite each other.EFFECT: efficiency of the cabin movement drive is increased while maintaining the durability and smooth operation of the guides.7 cl, 5 dwg

Description

[0001] The invention relates to the technical part of the field of elevators and, in particular, concerns the design of an elevator moved along an elevator shaft under the influence of a drive.

[0002] A well-known design of an elevator consists of a cabin that moves along guides fixed in the shaft under the influence of a drive.

[0003] Various elevator drive designs are used in high-rise and low-rise housing. Each meets its own specific requirements. Typically, drives used in low-rise housing must meet the requirements of compact design while adhering to all safety and durability requirements. These drives typically consist of an electric motor with a drum attached to it, onto which a cable is wound, connecting to the cabin.

[0004] Also, elevators used in low-rise housing construction are made in the form of panoramic elevators, which are additionally required not to obstruct the view from the elevator cabin.

[0005] A drive device for an indoor elevator is known (CN 211056482 U, IPC B66B 11 / 04; B66B1 1 / 08; B66B 7 / 00; published 2020-07-21) the drive unit of which is located on the elevator car and consists of an electric motor with a gearbox and a winding drum, on which two cables are wound from opposite ends, each going around its own pulley and secured to the upper part of the elevator shaft. The cables are threaded along the guides along which the elevator car moves.

[0006] The disadvantage of this solution is that placing the drive unit directly on the elevator car increases the load on the drive itself. This single-drum design also increases the rigidity requirements of the elevator car roof to resist torque. Soundproofing requirements also increase to reduce noise exposure for occupants. The mechanism for compensating for varying rope tension is complex and, over time, increases the risk of jamming, affecting the rope winding.

[0007] A household elevator with a drive under the building is known (CN 221521743 U, IPC B66B 11 / 00; B66B 11 / 04; B66B 7 / 02; B66B 7 / 06; published 2024-08-13) having a drive consisting of an electric motor, a gearbox and two drums, one of which is used to wind one end of the cable and to unwind it from the other. The drive is installed in the lower part of the elevator shaft, to the side of the elevator car. In the upper part of the shaft there is a fixed pulley, along which the cable rolls, fixed to the side of the elevator car.

[0008] The disadvantage of this solution is that the cables run along the side of the elevator car, requiring additional space in the shaft to accommodate the drive, pulley, and cable itself. This design also places cantilever loads on the elevator car's load-bearing elements, placing increased demands on the rigidity and durability of the guides on which the elevator car moves.

[0009] A known design of an elevator with a powerful drive (CN 222454213 U, IPC B66B 11 / 00; B66B 11 / 06; B66B 7 / 02; B66B 7 / 06; published 2025-02-11) consisting of a cabin, a shaft, and an elevator drive located on the cabin in the center. The drive is an electric motor with a gearbox, on which two drums are attached, on each of which a cable is wound when the cabin rises. The other ends of the cables are secured through a pulley in the upper part of the shaft on its frame.

[0010] The disadvantage of this solution is that placing the drive directly on the elevator car increases the load on the drive itself. Also, the lack of elements to compensate for different tensions on the cables means different loads on the guides along which the car moves, which can lead to rapid wear and instability in the car's movement along the shaft.

[0011] The technical task is to eliminate the shortcomings of the above solutions, namely, to create an elevator with a drive for moving the cabin along the shaft guides, ensuring a high load capacity with a minimum number of components, the absence of influence of the drive operation on the guides and the correspondence of the dimensions of the shaft and the elevator cabin.

[0012] The technical result is to increase the efficiency of the cabin drive while maintaining the durability and smooth operation of the guides and the presence of more free space near the elevator.

[0013] The technical problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by an elevator with a drive for moving the cabin along the guides of the shaft, consisting of a cabin, a shaft, guides fixed in the shaft, along which the cabin moves, under the action of a drive placed on a beam in the upper part of the elevator shaft, consisting of an electric motor with a gearbox connected to two drums, on each of which a cable is wound, when the elevator cabin moves upward, a cable fixed in a hinge with the center of the roof of the cabin, wherein the direction of movement of the cables coincides with a plane passing through the center of the cabin and two guides located on opposite sides from each other.

[0014] It can also be noted that the proposed design assumes less noise impact from the operation of the drive and provides greater visibility for people in the cabin, which is especially important for panoramic elevators.

[0015] The essence of the invention is explained by a drawing of a specific example of the implementation of an elevator with a drive for moving the cabin along the shaft guides, where Fig. 1 shows a general view of the elevator, Fig. 2 is a front view of the drive and the roof of the elevator cabin, Fig. 3 is a side view of the drive, Fig. 4 is a top view from the front of the drive, fixed on the beam, Fig. 5 is a top view from the back of the drive, fixed on the beam.

[0016] The elevator with a drive for moving the cabin along the shaft guides consists of the cabin 1, the shaft 2, the guides 3, the drive 4 and the cables 5. In the center of the roof 6 of the cabin 1 there is a unit 7 connected to the cables 5 through a hinge joint 8. The drive 4 consists of an electric motor 9, a gearbox 10 on an axis 11, to which two drums 12 are fixed. The drive 4 is secured to a beam 13 fixed to the frame of the shaft 2. Beam 13 consists of a plate 14 with two shelves, each of which has its own stiffener. Plate 14 can also be made in the form of another rigid profile having a channel, I-beam or rectangle in cross section. Beam 13 is secured to the frame of shaft 2 using a detachable connection 15 through lugs 16, made in the form of bent plates with mounting holes, and two mutually perpendicular plates 25 and 26.The electric motor 9 and the gearbox 10 are secured to the beam 13 by means of a threaded connection 17 and 18 through gussets 19 and 20, as well as a platform 21, on which there are elements 27 for adjusting and fixing the position of the gearbox 10. The drums 12 are connected to the beam 13 through bearings 22 mounted on axles 11 and secured in clamps 23, which in turn are connected to brackets 24 fixed on the plate 14.

[0017] The operating principle of the elevator in the proposed design is as follows. When a signal is given, the electric motor 9, through the gearbox 10, transmits rotation to the drums 12. To lift the cabin 1 upward, the cables 5 are wound on the drums 12, and to lower the cabin 1 downward, the cables 5 are unwound. In this case, the cabin 1 moves along the guides 3 fixed to the frame of the shaft 2. The design of the elevator provides for at least two guides 3 located on opposite sides from each other. In this case, the drive 4 is placed in such a way on the beam 13 that, regardless of the size of the elements comprising it, the cables 5 are directed downwards towards the cabin 1, through a plane passing through the center of the cabin 1 and two guides 3 located on opposite sides from each other, and are connected to the center of the cabin 1 by means of a hinged joint 8.

[0018] The construction of beam 13 as a plate 14 with two shelves, to which drive 4 is secured via gussets 19 and 20, minimizes the overall dimensions while maintaining structural rigidity, thereby reducing the use of space at the top of shaft 2. This is further facilitated by securing plate 14 to the frame of shaft 2 via lugs 16 and mutually perpendicular plates 25 and 26 via a detachable connection. Furthermore, securing drums 12 via gussets 24 isolates all loads on beam 13, which helps maintain rigidity with a minimum number of joints and ensures the durability of the entire structure, maintaining smooth operation throughout its service life.

[0019] The placement of the drive 4 in the upper part of the shaft 2 in the specified design, with a connection to the cabin 1 by cables 5 through a hinged joint 8, makes it possible to change the parameters of its elements to change the lifting capacity of the elevator without side effects, as in the case of placing the drive on the cabin itself.

[0020] The presence of the articulated joint 8 allows for compensation of possible differences in tension of the cables 5 and ensures their uniform winding onto the drums 15. In this case, the cabin 1 moves along the guides 3 without any skewing loads.

[0021] Placing all drive components 4 and cables 5 in the space of shaft 2 between beam 13 and car 1 allows for the construction of shaft 2 with dimensions that match those of car 1, taking into account the presence of guides 3. This allows shaft 2 to occupy less space at its installation site. This drive placement also makes it ideal for use in panoramic elevators, as all mechanisms are located above the car and do not obstruct the view from within. Placing the drive at the top of the shaft minimizes noise impact on car occupants during operation.

Claims

1. An elevator with a drive for moving the cabin along the shaft guides, consisting of a cabin, a shaft, guides, a drive secured to a beam in the upper part of the shaft, and consisting of an electric motor, a gearbox and two drums for winding cables connected to the cabin, characterized in that the cables are connected by a hinge to the center of the cabin roof and are located in a plane passing through the center of the cabin and two guides placed opposite each other.

2. An elevator according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the beam is made in the form of a plate with two shelves, each of which has its own stiffening rib.

3. An elevator according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the beam is made in the form of a rigid profile having the shape of a channel, I-beam, or rectangle in cross-section.

4. An elevator according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the beam is connected to the shaft frame by means of a detachable connection through lugs and two mutually perpendicular plates.

5. An elevator according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the electric motor with the gearbox is secured to the beam by means of a threaded connection through gussets and a platform.

6. An elevator according to paragraph 5, characterized in that the platform has elements for adjusting and fixing the position of the gearbox.

7. An elevator according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the drums are connected to the beam by securing the axles of the gearbox on which they are located, through a bearing and a clamp on brackets fixed to the beam.

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