Composition of biodegradable organic coating for glass

Abstract

FIELD: chemical industry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to lubricating compositions and coatings intended for use in the glass industry, namely to improve the sliding characteristics of glass during transportation and operation. The composition of the biodegradable organic coating for protecting a glass surface comprises a coating base in the form of a fatty acid selected from the group: linoleic, oleic, erucic, stearic, an emulsifier selected from the group: polysorbate, potassium oleate, and a cationic surfactant – a preservative selected from the group: benzalkonium chloride, benzalkonium hexafluorophosphate, benzalkonium tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate, with the following ratio of components, wt.%: fatty acid 70.00-80.00, emulsifier 19.00-29.75, cationic surfactant – preservative 0.25-1.00.EFFECT: developed coating composition has the best covering and protective capacity, the best wetting properties, biodegradability, and non-toxicity.1 cl, 3 tbl

Description

[0001] The invention relates to the chemical industry, namely to lubricating compositions and coatings intended for use in the glass industry, namely to improve the sliding characteristics of glass.

[0002] Special coatings are used to strengthen glass surfaces. These coatings protect the glass surface from damage, including from contact with other glass surfaces. These coatings are divided into two broad groups: hot-hardening coatings and cold-hardening coatings. The proposed composition concerns cold-hardening coatings. Cold-hardening coatings are applied to glass at temperatures of 65-150°C to ensure the necessary lubricity and strength.

[0003] Coatings are applied to the glass surface as vapor or emulsions / solutions using nozzles. The water evaporates, and the glass is coated with a thin protective film. The coating must provide:

[0004] - preservation of the appearance of the glass surface under long-term vibration and impact loads (effectiveness during long-term transportation);

[0005] - sliding angle within 10-12 degrees;

[0006] - frost resistance of the coating down to minus 15°C;

[0007] - compatible with various label adhesives;

[0008] - biodegradability and the possibility of using coated glass in the food and pharmaceutical industries;

[0009] - the ability to prepare a coating composition using both fresh and mineralized water.

[0010] A film-forming coating composition for glass is known (see patent SU 1588719 A1) containing triethoxyaluminum or a mixture thereof with triethoxy or tributoxytitanium, hydrochloric acid, tetraethoxysilane, and ethyl alcohol. The aim of the invention is to improve crystallization and deformation resistance and reduce adhesion at temperatures above 1000°C.

[0011] However, the known coating is not suitable for glass protection applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Furthermore, the coating production process requires high-temperature processes, which requires expensive equipment and complicates the technology. The same applies to the invention (see patent SU 1299993 A1).

[0012] Since then, a number of compositions have been developed that can also be considered as analogs of the proposed invention. Organic coatings for glass are known, and a number of patents have been described for coatings based on low-molecular-weight polyethylene suspensions. U.S. Patent Applications 4,792,494 and 4,834,950 disclose the use of modified polyethylene, preferably in the form of an aqueous dispersion system. However, such compositions have the disadvantages of non-biodegradability and the need for storage and transportation at ambient temperatures of at least +5°C.

[0013] For example, patent RU 2 387 605 C2 describes an invention related to the use of water-in-oil emulsions for finishing or improving glass surfaces, particularly the exterior surfaces of glass containers. The technical result of the invention is to improve the surface quality of the products. A method for producing a scratch-masking coating on a glass surface involves applying a scratch-masking emulsion to the glass surface, comprising a water-in-oil emulsion or an oil-in-water dispersion system. However, the coating contains sulfuric and acetic acids, which may limit its applicability to the food industry.

[0014] An analysis of the known coating compositions shown shows that they are aimed at increasing the durability of glass surfaces, as well as concealing scratches and surface damage. Therefore, when creating these coatings, developers primarily considered the strength and aesthetic properties of the coated glass surface. However, the use of these coatings in the food and pharmaceutical industries is not always taken into account, nor are the subsequent disposal and biodegradability of the coating once it enters the environment.

[0015] U.S. Patent Application No. 5,346,544 is known, which discloses a composition as a coating for glass containers, comprising a medium chain fatty acid triglyceride, a medium chain fatty acid triglyceride and / or a long chain unsaturated triglyceride and squalane, or (a) at least one selected from medium chain fatty acid triglycerides, long chain unsaturated triglycerides and liquid paraffin, and (b) isopropyl fatty acid as the main ingredient(s), which are emulsified in water, applied to glass bottles and dried at room temperature or with heating, which is the closest analogue to the proposed invention.

[0016] However, practical application has shown that in a number of cases the known composition does not provide high performance and sufficient surface sliding.

[0017] The technical problem that the claimed invention is aimed at solving is the development of a biodegradable organic glass coating composition that ensures the preservation of the glass's appearance under loads.

[0018] During the development of the invention, the technical problem of expanding the range of coatings and creating new, more rational compositions intended primarily for protecting glass surfaces was also solved.

[0019] The technical result consists in improving the quality of coatings by introducing biodegradable components in the form of fatty acids, which allow the coating to be used highly effectively to protect glass surfaces during transportation and operation, as well as by introducing benzalkonium salts as emulsifying, wetting and antimicrobial cationic surfactants.

[0020] To achieve the technical result, the coating, intended primarily for protecting the glass surface, contains a coating base in the form of a fatty acid and a non-ionic emulsifier, in the following ratio of components, wt. %: fatty acid 70.0-80.0, non-ionic and / or anionic emulsifier 19.0-29.75, a preservative based on chloride and tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate benzalkonium.

[0021] Standard fatty acids include, but are not limited to, linoleic, oleic, erucic, and stearic acids. It is incorporated into the composition as a coating base.

[0022] Standard nonionic emulsifiers include, but are not limited to, ethoxylated alcohols such as, but not limited to, oleyl or stearyl alcohol ethoxylate; ethoxylated acids including, but not limited to, oleic and palmitic acids; ethoxylated esters including, but not limited to, sorbitan and glycerol carboxylates, oleates, stearates, or other polyol carboxylates. Standard anionic emulsifiers include, but are not limited to, fatty acid salts such as, sodium or ammonium oleate. They have good wetting properties and are introduced into the composition as a surfactant, ensuring the formation of a stable emulsion when the composition is mixed with water during the preparation of working solutions.

[0023] Preservatives are quaternary ammonium salts such as benzalkonium chloride, hexafluorophosphate and tris(pentafluoroethyl) trifluorophosphate.

[0024] The technical result is achieved by the developed set of the declared components, with the proposed quantitative ratio, which allows for ensuring optimal parameters, as well as obtaining the necessary physical and mechanical properties and structure of the coating.

[0025] The addition of an emulsifier to the composition, combined with a fatty acid coating base, results in a biodegradable coating with enhanced consumer protective properties. Furthermore, this product (composition) can be stored and transported at low temperatures.

[0026] As a result of numerous experiments, during which components previously used in known coating compositions were used, new components were introduced, and the mass ratio of components was varied, a coating with optimal composition and quantitative values ​​of components was developed for protecting glass surfaces.

[0027] Research has shown that the proposed combination of components allows for a combination of the biodegradability of the base and the wetting properties of the surfactant, which results in the creation of a protective layer due to the adsorption of the coating components on the glass surface.

[0028] The developed coating composition has the best covering and protective ability, the best wetting properties, biodegradability, non-toxicity, which is confirmed in the practical application of the proposed coating in accordance with a specially developed technological regulation.

[0029] Experimental studies have confirmed that the quantitative values ​​of the components within the proposed ratios contribute to improved coating quality and processing properties. During the experiments, the chemical composition was optimized.

[0030] The proposed invention is carried out as follows.

[0031] For the preparation of the composition in laboratory conditions, a glass reactor with a volume of 10 dm3 is used. 3 , equipped with a stirrer and a heating jacket.

[0032] Preheat the ingredients until smooth.

[0033] Load the components into the reactor and stir until completely averaged for 2 hours at a temperature of 60-65°C.

[0034] During the development of the invention, twelve samples of compositions with different mass percentage compositions of components were produced in laboratory conditions.

[0035] The results of varying the mass percentage compositions of the components and the coating properties obtained on the samples are shown in Table 1.

[0036] Table 1

[0037] Sample (No.) Composition of the compositions, mass % Properties of compositions Linoleic acid Oleic acid Polysorbate Potassium oleate Cationic surfactant 1- 60 0 39,5 0 0,5 Insufficient covering power 2 85 0 10 5 - Insufficient emulsification, insufficient emulsion stability 3 0 65 29 5 1 Insufficient covering power 4 0 90 10 0 - Increased carbon formation and deposits on the steel of the scissor blades 5 70 0 29,75 0 1 Compliant composition 6 80 0 14,75 5 0,25 Compliant composition 7 0 70 24,5 5 0,5 Compliant composition 8 0 80 19,25 0 0,75 Compliant composition

[0038] The obtained laboratory samples of the compositions were analyzed for key quality indicators and functional properties.

[0039] From Table 1 it follows that the concentrations of the components used to produce samples Nos. 5-8 are significant for the present invention, from the point of view of satisfying the requirements for the properties of the coating composition.

[0040] On a semi-industrial scale, the coating composition is produced as follows.

[0041] Preheat the ingredients until smooth.

[0042] To produce a batch of coating in the amount of 8.0 kg, the components are loaded into a stainless steel reactor in the quantities given in Table 2.

[0043] Table 2

[0044] Component Loading capacity, kg Fatty acid 6,0 Polysorbate 1,9 Cationic surfactant of the amine class 0,1

[0045] Stir the loaded components until completely averaged for 2 hours at a temperature of 60-65°C.

[0046] An arbitration sample is taken to determine the main quality indicators.

[0047] If the standard is met, pour the resulting composition into a prepared container through several layers of veil.

[0048] The resulting composition is a homogeneous liquid, providing excellent coverage and protection of the glass surface.

[0049] The technical characteristics of the obtained coating composition are given in Table 3.

[0050] Table 3

[0051] Name of the indicator Norm 1. Appearance at 20°C Light yellow to yellow liquid 2. Density at 20°C, g / cm3, within 0,800-1,000 3. Hydrogen index of 1% aqueous emulsion, pH, within the range 6,0-7,5 4. Kinematic viscosity at 20°C, mm2 / s, within the range 30-100 5. Freezing temperature, °C, not higher 12 6. Slip angle, °, within 4-12 7. Security Compliance with sanitary requirements of the current legislation of the Russian Federation

[0052] The resulting glass surface coating composition is mixed with water and sprayed onto the glass, providing protection, slip resistance, and scratch removal.

[0053] The use of the invention makes it possible to obtain high-quality coating compositions on a semi-industrial scale, which has been confirmed in practical application.

[0054] The implementation of the invention ensures an increase in the quality of the produced coatings while ensuring the required technical characteristics of the resulting composition, taking into account the operating features in the glass industry, which allows for the highly efficient use of coatings for glass surfaces.