Method for increasing growth activity and yield of fiber flax by adding activated carbon impregnated with manganese carbonate to soil

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: crop production. In the method, during the process of planting seeds, activated carbon impregnated with manganese carbonate with a fractional composition within the range of 850–1300 microns is added to the soil at a consumption rate of 2475 g per 1 m2 of crops.EFFECT: method ensures an increase in growth activity and yield of flax.1 cl, 1 tbl, 3 ex

Description

[0001] Field of technology to which the invention relates

[0002] The invention relates to agriculture, specifically plant growing. A technology for increasing the growth activity and yield of fiber flax is proposed. This technology involves preparing activated carbon by applying an impregnating additive based on manganese carbonate, followed by its introduction into the soil when planting the fiber flax seeds. This accelerates growth at all stages of development and increases plant yield.

[0003] Technology Level

[0004] Flax is one of the most important agricultural crops. Flax products are widely used in the textile, food, and other industries. Rational use of cultivated land and increasing the yield of this crop are pressing issues.

[0005] Description of the prior art

[0006] Increasing the yield of flax seeds and straw can be achieved (RU Patent No. 2216922) through autumn and spring pre-sowing soil cultivation, seed treatment, pre-emergence harrowing, and crop management, including tank treatment with a protective and stimulating substance (succinic acid) and herbicide during the "fir-tree" stage. The disadvantages of this method of growing flax include: the complexity and multifaceted nature of the recommended measures; the need for sophisticated equipment for crop treatment during the growing season; and the use of succinic acid leads to soil acidification.

[0007] A method for increasing oilseed flax yields (RU Patent No. 2535143) involves seed treatment, soil harrowing, and crop management. Flax is grown on a layer of perennial grasses. A complex fertilizer is applied to the soil before sowing, and the crops are treated during the "Christmas tree" stage with a biologically active substance—the feed additive "Floravit." Disadvantages of this method include a significant number of technological steps, the need for ongoing interventions throughout the season, and the exclusive planting of flax on a layer of perennial grasses.

[0008] The method for cultivating fiber flax (RU Patent No. 2136138) involves liming acidic soils with ash residue from the thermal processing of oil shale with a solid heat transfer agent, applying mineral fertilizers, and protecting crops from weeds, pests, and diseases. This reduces the susceptibility of crops to bacterial blight and improves the quality of flax products. A significant drawback is the use of ash residue from the UTT-3000 incineration plant (thermal processing of oil shale), which has the composition of components specified in the invention description, as a liming agent. This limitation of the application narrows the scope of the potential implementation of this development.

[0009] According to data (RU Patent No. 2425481), pre-sowing seed treatment with a solution containing 10-13% boric acid and 0.005-0.0005% humic plant growth stimulator, obtained by alkaline hydrolysis of lowland peat with an aqueous ammonia solution in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, can increase the yield of flax seeds and straw. However, a drawback is the need to use a separate type of peat—lowland peat—which reduces the raw material base for implementing this invention. Furthermore, the use of boric acid leads to soil acidification.

[0010] A method for increasing the yield and quality of fiber flax (RU Patent No. 2055462) proposes using finely dispersed silicon dioxide powder as a fertilizer, mixed with the seeds before planting. This patent is essentially the closest to the present method and is proposed for use as a prototype. The method described in the prototype involves soil cultivation, fertilization, sowing, and crop care. Finely dispersed silicon dioxide, also known as "white carbon," is used as a fertilizer, and the fertilizer is applied simultaneously with sowing by mixing it with the fiber flax seeds.The disadvantages of the prototype include: the need to use silicon dioxide in the form of a finely dispersed fraction with a particle size of 10-30 A°, which requires the use of specialized equipment for obtaining and isolating the finely dispersed composition; the difficulty of organizing the technological operation for uniformly applying the finely dispersed powder to the surface of the seeds; the inability to stably fix the powder to the surface of the seeds, and, as a result, partial loss of fertilizer during transportation and sowing.

[0011] Purpose of the invention

[0012] The purpose of the present invention is to develop a method for intensifying growth processes in flax crops during a period including all stages of vegetation, by introducing activated carbon impregnated with an additive based on manganese carbonate into the soil during the process of planting seeds.

[0013] Main content of the invention

[0014] In the method of increasing the growth activity and yield of flax, during the process of planting seeds, activated carbon impregnated with manganese carbonate of a fractional composition within 850-1300 microns is added to the soil at a rate of 2475 g per 1 m 2 crops.

[0015] To accelerate crop development during flax cultivation, a method was proposed for applying activated carbon impregnated with manganese carbonate directly to the soil during seed sowing. AD-2 activated carbon, manufactured by ENPO Neorganika, was used as the basis for producing an effective treatment for flax crops. Manganese carbonate, a widely available reagent and affordable, was used for the impregnation process, making it suitable for large-scale application in flax crops.

[0016] The impregnated carbon preparation method involves preparing a solution of manganese carbonate in 20% acetic acid, then adding the resulting solution to activated carbon, drying the resulting sample at room temperature, and then holding it at an elevated temperature. The impregnated carbon is ground and sieved using laboratory sieves.

[0017] The resulting impregnated carbon sample is used in flax crops. Flax of the Tomsky-18 variety was used in the experiments, sown in plots at the field experimental station of the K.A. Timiryazev Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy, Moscow. Each replicate plot occupied an area of ​​1 m. 2Soil preparation, seed sowing, and crop management were carried out using standard methods recommended for flax cultivation in the central region, taking into account local soil and climate characteristics. Seeds were sown in narrow rows, with row spacing of 7.5 cm. Seeding depth was 4-5 cm. Two soil amendments were applied in triplicate:

[0018] 1 - AD-2 coal containing an impregnating additive of manganese carbonate,

[0019] 2 - AD-2 carbon without impregnation additive, 3 - control experiment without carbon addition. The results of flax growth activity, obtained as the average statistical data for three replicates in each field experiment, are presented in Table 1.

[0020]

[0021] A comparative assessment of the flax development indicators presented in Table 1 revealed enhanced growth processes at all stages of crop development in the experiment using activated carbon impregnated with manganese carbon compared to the control experiment, in which carbon was not applied to the soil during seed planting. This effect is due to the prolonged action of manganese, which diffuses from the activated carbon into the soil and acts as a micronutrient fertilizer on the crop.

[0022] Based on the results of the studies, it was found that the introduction of activated carbon impregnated with manganese carbonate into the soil during the sowing of flax seeds leads to an increase in growth activity and yield compared to the control experiment.

[0023] The use of AD-2 coal without an impregnating additive leads to a slight increase in the growth activity and yield of plants compared to the control experiment.

[0024] Example 1. Take a 100.0 ± 0.15 g sample of AD-2 activated carbon. Prepare a 20% solution of acetic acid in distilled water in a flat-bottomed flask. Add 1.8 g of manganese carbonate to 30 ml of the solution. Stir occasionally until the sample is completely dissolved. Place the activated carbon in an even layer on a tray. Apply the manganese carbonate solution using a spray bottle, stirring the carbon periodically with a spatula. Next, dry the carbon on the tray at room temperature. Transfer the tray to an oven and maintain it at 65.0 ± 0.5 °C for 2 hours. Grind the resulting manganese carbonate-impregnated carbon in a laboratory mill and then sieve it, collecting a fraction of 850-1300 µm. Impregnated coal was applied simultaneously with flax seed planting, manually, evenly across the entire experimental plots. Coal consumption was 2475 g per 1 m. 2crops. The results of the experiment showed an increase in growth activity and yield of fiber flax compared to the control experiment.

[0025] Example 2. Under the conditions of Example 1, with the exception of flax seed sowing, activated carbon AD-2, which does not contain the impregnating additive manganese carbonate, is added to the soil. The results obtained show no significant growth or yield improvements at any stage of the crop's development.

[0026] Example 3. Control experiment. Under the conditions of Example 1, with the following exception: when sowing flax seeds, activated carbon AD-2 and carbon containing the impregnating additive manganese carbonate are not added to the soil.

Claims

A method for increasing the growth activity and yield of flax, characterized in that activated carbon impregnated with manganese carbonate of a fractional composition within the range of 850-1300 µm is added to the soil during the process of planting seeds at a rate of 2475 g per 1 m 2 crops.

Images