Universal acoustic panel

Abstract

FIELD: soundproofing technology.SUBSTANCE: universal acoustic panel comprises two walls, between which an element with alternating spherical surfaces and flat surfaces is placed. The alternating spherical and flat surfaces are made in the form of a single plate, in which the rows of spherical surfaces in the form of hemispheres extruded in the plate are placed with a step, and the hemispheres belonging to one row are also placed with a step, the centres of the hemispheres are located in one plane, coinciding with one of the flat surfaces of the single plate and on which one of the walls of the acoustic panel is secured, and the other wall is secured on the protruding parts of the hemispheres of the single plate, whereas the single plate is made of a material that transmits sound, and the walls are made of a material with a high sound absorption coefficient.EFFECT: creating a universal acoustic panel that is compact in thickness and simple in design, with the possibility of its universal use for sound insulation and sound absorption for facilities in various sectors of the economy.1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

[0001] The invention relates to soundproofing technology, in particular to acoustic multilayer panels intended for soundproofing and sound absorption in interior spaces (driver's cabin, passenger compartment, engine-transmission compartment, etc.) with metal walls in vehicles, as well as for soundproofing and sound absorption in the premises of buildings and structures.

[0002] A sound-absorbing panel is known from the prior art, comprising upper and lower skins and a zigzag filler placed between them, the filler in cross-section is a trapezoid, and inserts inserted into the panel are placed in the recesses of the filler, the profile of which represents the profile of the filler in cross-section (patent RU 224928 C2, published 03 / 27 / 2005).

[0003] A sound-absorbing panel is known, which includes upper and lower skins and a zigzag filler placed between them; a composite material made of a phenolic binder and a woven filler is used as the material of the skins and the filler; the zigzag filler is made in the form of Z-corrugations with teeth located at an angle of 40-50° to the direction of the sound flow (patent RU 2307216 C1, published 09.27.2007).

[0004] A sound-absorbing structure is known, comprising smooth and perforated walls, between which sound-absorbing elements are placed, arranged in two layers, wherein the first layer, which is more rigid, is made consisting of sequentially connected surfaces of the second order, for example spherical, toroidal from a material whose sound reflection coefficient is greater than the sound absorption coefficient, and in the first layer cavities are made, formed by prismatic surfaces, for example a polygonal prism formed by faces, and on the face located with a gap relative to the rod, resonant holes are made, wherein the second layer, which is softer, consisting of bodies of revolution located at the focus of the sound-reflecting surfaces of the first layer, is discontinuous, made in the form of bodies of revolution, for example, in the form of balls, ellipsoids of revolution, and is fastened with the help of a rod,parallel to the perforated wall and rigidly connected to the smooth wall by means of vertical ties (patent RU 2344490 C1, published 20.01.2009).

[0005] The disadvantage of known technical solutions is their low sound insulation efficiency and functional limitations of their use.

[0006] The closest to the claimed invention is a sound-absorbing acoustic enclosure for an industrial premises, containing profiled and perforated walls, between which a layer of sound-absorbing material is placed, wherein one of the walls is made smooth, and the sound-absorbing material is located in two layers, one of which, more rigid, is made solid and profiled, and the other, soft, is made discontinuous and is located above the surfaces of the first layer, wherein the sound-absorbing enclosure for an industrial premises contains a frame, window, door openings, openings for placing lamps and acoustic enclosures containing smooth and perforated walls, between which a sound-absorbing material is placed, located in two layers, one of which, more rigid, is made composite, consisting of alternating spherical surfaces and flat surfaces with resonant holes, and the other is soft, is made discontinuous,in the form of discontinuous sound absorbers and is located at the focus of the sound-reflecting surfaces of the first layer, wherein the composite layer is made of a sound-absorbing material whose sound reflection coefficient is greater than the sound absorption coefficient, and the discontinuous sound absorber located at the focus of the composite layer is made in the form of bodies of revolution, for example, a sphere, an ellipsoid, a truncated cone, and is fixed to the perforated wall using pins, one end of which is rigidly fixed to the perforated wall, and the other is made pointed and is located in the body of the discontinuous sound absorbers (patent RU 2344488 C1, published 20.01.2009).,

[0007] The disadvantages of the known prototype invention are the complexity and bulkiness of the sound-absorbing structure, as well as its limited purpose - only for soundproofing industrial premises.

[0008] The technical objective of the present invention is to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages of the prototype, namely, to simplify and reduce the bulkiness of the sound-absorbing structure while simultaneously expanding the areas of its application.

[0009] The technical result of the invention is the creation of a universal acoustic panel that is compact in thickness and simple in design, with the possibility of its universal use for sound insulation and sound absorption for objects in various sectors of the economy.

[0010] The technical result is achieved in that in a universal acoustic panel comprising two walls, between which an element with alternating spherical surfaces and flat surfaces is placed, according to the invention, the alternating spherical and flat surfaces are made in the form of a single plate, in which rows of spherical surfaces in the form of hemispheres extruded in the plate are placed with a step, and the hemispheres belonging to the same row are also placed with a step, the centers of the hemispheres are located in one plane, coinciding with one of the flat surfaces of the single plate and on which one of the walls of the acoustic panel is fixed, and the other wall is fixed on the protruding parts of the hemispheres of the single plate, wherein the single plate is made of a sound-transmitting material, and the walls are made of a material with a high sound absorption coefficient.

[0011] The invention is explained by drawings.

[0012] Fig. 1 shows a general view of a universal acoustic panel designed for sound insulation; Fig. 2 shows a section A - A in Fig. 1.

[0013] The universal acoustic panel comprises wall 1 and wall 2. Wall 1 is designed to be secured with full contact along the outer surface with a surface to be soundproofed, such as the interior wall of a vehicle's driver's cabin or passenger compartment. Wall 2 performs sound-absorbing functions, while its outer surface additionally serves as a decorative element, creating visual comfort within, for example, the driver's cabin or passenger compartment of a vehicle. When the universal acoustic panel is used as a sound-absorbing panel, for example, in a vehicle's engine-transmission compartment, the functions of walls 1 and 2 become the opposite of their functions described above. A single plate 3 is placed between walls 1 and 2, on which rows of alternating hemispheres 4 and flat surfaces 5 are formed.The inner surface of wall 2 is secured to the projecting portions of hemispheres 4 of a single plate 3. The centers 6 of hemispheres 4 are located in the same plane, coinciding with the plane of the surface of single plate 3, to which the inner surface of wall 1 of the acoustic panel is secured. An array of hemispheres 4 may be obtained, for example, by processing single plate 3 by extrusion using an appropriate matrix and punch. Rows of hemispheres 4 on single plate 3 are arranged vertically with a pitch of a, which is selected structurally depending on the level and frequency range of noise of the surface, for which sound insulation or sound absorption is required. Hemispheres 4 belonging to the same row are arranged with a pitch of b, which is also selected structurally depending on the level and frequency range of noise of the surface. The centers 6 of hemispheres 4, located in vertically adjacent rows, may be offset, thereby forming a honeycomb arrangement of hemispheres 4 on single plate 3.This allows for more efficient use of the acoustic panel's surface area for sound insulation or sound absorption. Single plate 3 is made of a material that transmits sound well, such as metal (steel, aluminum alloy, etc.) or plastic (ABS, PETG, etc.). Walls 1 and 2 are made of a material with a high sound absorption coefficient, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which has a sound absorption coefficient of 0.4 to 0.97, depending on the PVC plate manufacturing technology.

[0014] The universal acoustic panel, using the example of soundproofing a vehicle cabin, works as follows.

[0015] Wall 1, secured in full contact with the interior surfaces of the vehicle driver's cabin, receives sound transmitted to the cabin walls from the engine compartment (from the engine and transmission), as well as external sound and noise generated by air flows and moving parts due to road grip. Wall 1 provides partial sound absorption of the said sounds (taking into account the sound absorption coefficient). Unabsorbed sound and noise from the said sources are received by a single plate 3, due to which vibrations are excited in it in the frequency range of sounds and noises from the said sources. Moreover, these vibrations are excited both in flat surfaces 5 and in hemispheres 4. In this case, the sound received from the vibrations of hemispheres 4 is focused in the centers 6 of hemispheres 4, which are located on the inner surface of wall 1.Thus, the focused sound at the centers 6 of the hemispheres 4 is absorbed by wall 1, made of a material with a high sound absorption coefficient. Similarly, wall 1 also absorbs sound from the flat surfaces 5 of the single plate 3.

[0016] Experimental testing has shown the soundproofing effectiveness of the universal acoustic panel, which, with a panel thickness of 10 mm, reduced sound and noise by 15 dB.

[0017] Thus, the present invention makes it possible to create a universal acoustic panel that is compact in thickness and simple in design, with the possibility of its universal use for sound insulation and sound absorption for objects in various sectors of the economy.

Claims

A universal acoustic panel comprising two walls between which an element with alternating spherical surfaces and flat surfaces is placed, characterized in that the alternating spherical and flat surfaces are made in the form of a single plate, in which rows of spherical surfaces in the form of hemispheres extruded in the plate are placed with a step, and the hemispheres belonging to the same row are also placed with a step, the centers of the hemispheres are located in one plane, coinciding with one of the flat surfaces of the single plate and on which one of the walls of the acoustic panel is fixed, and the other wall is fixed on the protruding parts of the hemispheres of the single plate, wherein the single plate is made of a material that transmits sound, and the walls are made of a material with a high sound absorption coefficient.

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