System for supplying combustible gas to working cylinders of gas diesel engine

Abstract

FIELD: internal combustion engines (ICE).SUBSTANCE: system for supplying combustible gas to working cylinders 6 of gas diesel engine 7 is proposed, containing gas quality analyser 26, gas separator 29, gas pressure reducer 1, electric dispenser 31, gas flow separator 2, from which two gas supply pipelines 3 and 4 branch off. Gas supply pipeline 3 includes gas supply regulator 8 to compressor 9, sensor 10, inlet pipe 11 for entering the air cavity of supercharging compressor 9 and is connected to working cylinders 6 of gas diesel engine through channels 12 of cooler 13 of the gas-air mixture, booster receiver 14, channels 15 of the inlet valves of covers 16 of the working cylinders. Gas pipeline 4 for supplying gas includes electric metering device 32, regulator 17 for supplying gas to working cylinders 6, gas heater 18, sensor 19, gas manifold 5 connected to gas valves 20 of the working cylinders of the gas diesel engine. The system comprises a liquid fuel supply line including separator 33 for coarse cleaning of liquid fuel with quality analyser 27, separator 34 for fine cleaning of liquid fuel with quality analyser 28, electric dispenser 30, mechanism for supplying pilot doses of liquid fuel 25 connected to gas diesel regulator 22, and injectors 23 for supplying a pilot dose of liquid fuel. The system contains on-board computer 35 and control unit 21, which reads the operating parameters of the gas diesel engine and controls the actuators.EFFECT: increase in the power, fuel-economic indicators, operational properties and environmental friendliness of gas diesel engines.1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

[0001] The invention relates to gas-liquid internal combustion engines - gas diesel engines operating on gaseous fuel with ignition of a mixture of combustible gas and air compressed in cylinders by injecting a limited amount - an "ignition dose" - of liquid diesel fuel.

[0002] A gas diesel control system is known according to Russian Federation patent No. 2257482 class F02D 19 / 08, 27.07.2005, Bulletin No. 21, comprising a centrifugal sensor with a movable clutch, a main lever installed with the possibility of interaction with the movable clutch, a control lever connected via a spring to the main lever, a fuel metering element kinematically connected to the main lever via a rod and an intermediate lever, wherein one end of the rod is connected to the fuel metering element, and the other end is connected to the main lever via an additional rod and an intermediate fork lever, and an electromagnetic valve.

[0003] The disadvantage of the system is the lack of gas purification from impurities.

[0004] A system for supplying combustible gas to the working cylinders of a gas diesel engine is known (patent RU 2319846 class F02D 19 / 10, F02B 43 / 06, F02M 29 / 02, 20.03.2008, bulletin.No. 8, prototype), containing a gas pressure reducer, a gas flow separator, from which two gas pipelines for feeding gas to the supercharging compressor and with a gas manifold to the working cylinders of a gas diesel engine branch off, one of which includes a regulator for feeding gas to the compressor, a sensor, an inlet branch pipe for entering the air cavity of the supercharging compressor and is communicated with the working cylinders of the gas diesel engine through channels of a gas-air mixture cooler, a supercharging receiver, channels of the inlet valves of the covers of the working cylinders, and the other gas pipeline for feeding gas to the working cylinders has a regulator for feeding gas to the working cylinders, a gas heater, a sensor, a gas manifold connected to the gas valves of the working cylinders of the gas diesel engine, a control unit connected to the regulators of the gas pipelines, sensors, gas valves of the working cylinders and the regulator of the gas diesel engine with injectors for feeding igniting doses of liquid fuel, a liquid fuel pipeline, a mechanism for feeding igniting doses of liquid fuel, connected to the regulator of the gas diesel engine.

[0005] The disadvantage of the known system is the inability to read the power, fuel-economic indicators and operational properties of a gas diesel engine, as well as the lack of purification of gas and liquid fuel from impurities.

[0006] The technical result of the invention is to increase the power, fuel-economic indicators and operational properties of a gas diesel engine, and the environmental friendliness of gas and liquid fuel.

[0007] The technical result is achieved in that in the system for supplying combustible gas to the working cylinders of a gas diesel engine, including a gas pressure reducer, a gas flow separator, from which two gas pipelines for supplying gas to the supercharger compressor and with a gas manifold to the working cylinders of a gas diesel engine branch off, one of which includes a regulator for supplying gas to the compressor, a sensor, an inlet pipe for entering the air cavity of the supercharger compressor and is communicated with the working cylinders of a gas diesel engine through channels of a gas-air mixture cooler, a supercharger receiver, channels of the inlet valves of the covers of the working cylinders, and the other gas pipeline for supplying gas to the working cylinders has a regulator for supplying gas to the working cylinders, a gas heater, a sensor, a gas manifold connected to the gas valves of the working cylinders of a gas diesel engine, a control unit associated with the regulators of the gas pipelines, sensors, gas valves of the working cylinders and a gas diesel engine regulator with injectors for supplying igniting doses of liquid fuel,a liquid fuel pipeline, a mechanism for feeding pilot doses of liquid fuel connected to a gas diesel regulator, according to the invention has a gas quality analyzer, a gas separator, electric dosing units, a coarse cleaning separator for liquid fuel with a quality analyzer, a fine cleaning separator for liquid fuel with a quality analyzer, an on-board computer, wherein the inlet opening of the gas separator is connected to the gas quality analyzer, and the outlet opening with a reducer, the outlet opening of the reducer is connected to the first electric dosing unit, which is connected to a separator, in turn, the separator is connected to the inlet opening of the second electric dosing unit, the coarse cleaning separator with a quality analyzer is connected in series with the fine cleaning separator with a quality analyzer, the outlet opening of the fine cleaning separator is connected to the inlet opening of the third electric dosing unit, which is connected to the mechanism for feeding pilot doses of liquid fuel,In turn, the electric dosing units are connected to the control unit, the coarse and fine separators are connected to the control unit, the liquid fuel quality analyzers are connected to the control unit, the on-board computer is connected to the control unit, which reads the power, fuel-economic indicators and operational properties of the gas diesel engine.

[0008] A comparative analysis of the claimed technical solution with the prototype allows us to conclude that the claimed system for supplying combustible gas to the working cylinders of a gas diesel engine differs from the known system in that it provides the possibility of increasing the power, fuel-economic indicators and operational properties of a gas diesel engine, the environmental friendliness of gas and liquid fuel, which cannot be achieved with known technical solutions.

[0009] Thus, the claimed technical solution meets the patentability criterion of NOVELTY.

[0010] The features that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype are aimed at achieving a technical result and were not identified during the study of this and related fields of science and technology and, therefore, meet the criterion of INVENTIVE STEP.

[0011] The claimed technical solution meets the patentability criterion INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY, since it relates to gas-liquid internal combustion engines - gas diesel engines operating on gaseous fuel with the ignition of a mixture of combustible gas with air compressed in the cylinders by injecting a limited amount - an "ignition dose" - of liquid diesel fuel.

[0012] The essence of the invention is explained by the drawing, where Fig. 1 shows a system for supplying combustible gas to the working cylinders of a gas diesel engine.

[0013] The supply system contains a gas pressure reducer 1, a gas flow separator 2, from which two gas pipelines 3 and 4 for supplying gas to the supercharger compressor and with a gas manifold 5 to the working cylinders 6 of the gas diesel engine 7. One of the cylinders includes a regulator 8 for supplying gas to the compressor 9, a sensor 10, an inlet pipe 11 for entering the air cavity of the supercharger compressor 9 and is communicated with the working cylinders 6 of the gas diesel engine 7 through channels 12 of the cooler 13 of the gas-air mixture, a supercharger receiver 14, channels 15 of the inlet valves of the covers 16 of the working cylinders 6. Another gas pipeline 4 for supplying gas to the working cylinders 6 has a regulator 17 for supplying gas to the working cylinders 6, a gas heater 18, a sensor 19, a gas manifold 5 connected to the gas valves 20 of the working cylinders 6 gas diesel.The control unit 21 is connected with the regulators 8 and 17 of the gas pipelines 3 and 4, the sensors 10 and 19, the gas valves 20 of the working cylinders 6 and the regulator 22 of the gas diesel engine 7 with the injectors 23 for supplying the pilot doses of liquid fuel, the pipeline 24 of the liquid fuel, the mechanism 25 for supplying the pilot doses of liquid fuel, connected with the regulator 22 of the gas diesel engine. It has gas quality analyzers 26, 27 and 28, a gas separator 29, electric dosing devices 30, 31 and 32, a separator 33 for coarse cleaning of liquid fuel with a quality analyzer 27, a separator 34 for fine cleaning of liquid fuel with a quality analyzer 28, an on-board computer 35. In this case, the inlet opening of the gas separator 29 is connected to the gas quality analyzer 26, and the outlet opening with the reducer 1. The outlet opening of the reducer 1 is connected to the first electric dosing device 31, which is connected to the separator 2 of gas flows. In turn, the separator 2 of gas flows is connected to the inlet opening of the second electric dosing device 32.Coarse separator 33 with quality analyzer 27 is connected in series with fine separator 34 with quality analyzer 27. The outlet of fine separator 34 is connected to the inlet of third electric doser 30, which is connected to mechanism 25 for feeding pilot doses of liquid fuel. In turn, the electric dosing units are connected to control unit 21. Coarse and fine separators 33 and 34 are connected to control unit 21. Liquid fuel quality analyzers are connected to the control unit. An onboard computer is connected to the control unit, which reads the power, fuel economy indicators, and operational properties of gas diesel engine 7.

[0014] The system for supplying combustible gas to the working cylinders of a gas diesel engine operates as follows.

[0015] For diesel operation, before starting the gas diesel engine 7, liquid fuel enters the coarse separator 33 with the quality analyzer 27, where it is purified from large impurities and is connected in series with the fine separator 34 for purification from impurities and the fuel quality analyzer 28. The third electric metering unit 30 then feeds the liquid fuel through the pipeline 24 to the pilot dose feed mechanism 25, which is connected to the gas diesel engine regulator 22, and then to the injectors 23.

[0016] Coarse and fine separators 33 and 34 are connected to control unit 21. Liquid fuel quality analyzers are connected to the control unit. The onboard computer is connected to the control unit, which monitors the power, fuel economy, and performance characteristics of the gas diesel engine 7.

[0017] The sulfur content determines the environmental friendliness of diesel fuel. If diesel fuel with a higher sulfur content is added to the tank, it reacts with water molecules to produce increased sulfuric acid vapor. This has a negative impact and leads to premature destruction of the surface of internal engine components, damage to the high-pressure fuel pump (HPFP), overheating, and a reduced service life of the catalytic converter. The main symptom of increased sulfur content in diesel fuel is an unpleasant hydrogen sulfide odor in the exhaust gases, which is caused by the filter's inability to handle the increased load.

[0018] A high sulfur content also leads to oil degradation. Alkalinity decreases and acidity increases, which further negatively impacts the internal components of diesel engines. Therefore, when using diesel fuel with high sulfur content, engine oil changes should be doubled.

[0019] Diesel fuel resins are slow "killers" that gradually accumulate on the inner surfaces of cylinders, pistons, and other components. This reduces compression, reduces valve-piston contact, and increases the risk of valve burnout.

[0020] Parasites contained in diesel fuel tend to crystallize at low temperatures. Using diesel fuel with high concentrations of these substances can quickly clog fuel filters, clog injector nozzles, and cause premature failure of the fuel injection pump, resulting in the need for costly cleaning and repairs of the fuel system.

[0021] Solid deposits (dirt) clog filters and are deposited on the internal surfaces of the engine (https: / / dt6.ru / blog / ugolok-laboranta / posledstviya-posle-ispolzovaniya-nekachestvennoy-solyarki / ).

[0022] To switch to the gas-diesel cycle, combustible gas under pressure is supplied from the gas tank (not shown in the drawing) through the quality analyzer 26 and gas separator 29, where mechanical impurities are separated and clean gas enters the gas pressure reducer 1. Mechanical impurities include dust, resin and low-volatile liquids in droplet form in gas motor fuel according to GOST R 1.0-2012 (GOST R 1.0-2012. Methane-based gas motor fuels for internal combustion engines of vehicles. General specifications. Moscow: Standartinform, 2014. 19p).

[0023] Then the electrode dispenser 31 supplies pure gas to the separator 2, in which the total amount of supplied gas is divided into two parts.

[0024] One portion of the gas, in an amount from 20 to 50% of the total amount of supplied gas, is fed through the gas pipeline 3 through the inlet pipe 11 into the supercharger compressor 9, where it is mixed with the supercharged air. Passing together with the air through the blade apparatus and diffuser of the supercharger compressor 9, this portion of the gas forms a homogeneous gas-air mixture, which is directed into the channels 12 of the gas-air mixture cooler 13 for cooling and then into the supercharger receiver 14 of the gas diesel engine 7. From there, it is directed through the channels 12 and the inlet valves into the working cylinders 6 of the gas diesel engine 7 during the filling stroke of the cylinders 6.

[0025] A reduction in the amount of gas introduced through the supercharger receiver 14, compared to the prior art. Up to 20-50% of the total amount of supplied gas, reduces the concentration of gas in the gas-air mixture by 2-5 times. With the lower concentration limit of ignition of the gas-air mixture equal to 5% gas in air, the said reduction in the amount of gas introduced through the supercharger receiver reduces the gas content in the gas-air mixture to 1.5%-0.6%, which eliminates the possibility of an explosion of the gas-air mixture in the supercharger receiver 14 of the gas diesel engine 7. In the same proportion, in comparison with the known gas supply method, the loss of the gas-air mixture during the period when the intake and exhaust valves (not shown in the drawing) are simultaneously open is reduced.

[0026] The remaining gas in the amount of 80%-50% of the total amount of supplied gas is directed from the gas flow separator 2 through the gas supply gas pipeline 4 to the gas supply regulator 17 into the cylinders 6, through the gas heater 18, in which the gas can be heated due to the heat of the exhaust gases of the gas diesel engine 7. Then it is directed through the gas manifold 5 and gas valves 20 into the working cylinders 6 of the gas diesel engine 7. The gas valves 20 are opened periodically in accordance with the operating order of the working cylinders 6 using an electromagnetic drive (not shown in the drawing) under the influence of control signals from the control unit 21 or the valve timing mechanism of the gas diesel engine 7 (not shown in the drawing). The gas valves 20 open the gas passage into the working cylinders 6, where the gas jets enter a homogeneous gas-air environment.Since 20 to 50% of the total supplied amount of gas has already been introduced into the air charge in the supercharging compressor 9, which accelerates, in comparison with the known method of gas supply, the uniform distribution of all the gas in the volume of the working cylinder 6 and the homogenization of the entire mixture, an increase in the speed and completeness of combustion, which determine the indicated efficiency and responsiveness of the gas diesel engine 7.

[0027] Mixing of the supplied gas with the gas-air mixture and ignition of the mixture are also accelerated by increasing the gas temperature to 150-250°C in gas heater 18.

[0028] To optimize mixture formation and combustion processes at different operating modes of a gas diesel engine, it is advisable to vary, within the stated limits, the ratio of combustible gas quantities supplied via gas line 4 through gas valves 20 and via gas line 3 through supercharger 9 and the inlet valves to the working cylinders. Specifically, at low load modes (up to 50% of full power), 80 to 65% of the total gas quantity supplied via gas line 4 is supplied to the working cylinders, and at modes close to full power (over 50% of full power), 65 to 50% of the total gas quantity supplied is supplied, with the remaining gas quantities supplied via gas line 3 through supercharger 9 and the inlet valves.

[0029] Performing technological operations in the system of supplying combustible gas to the working cylinders of a gas diesel engine allows for increasing the power, fuel-economic indicators and operational properties of a gas diesel engine, as well as the environmental friendliness of gas and liquid fuel.

Claims

A system for supplying combustible gas to the working cylinders of a gas diesel engine, comprising a gas pressure reducer, a gas flow separator from which two gas pipelines for supplying gas to the supercharger compressor and, through a gas manifold, to the working cylinders of the gas diesel engine branch off, one of which includes a regulator for supplying gas to the compressor, a sensor, an inlet branch pipe for entering the air cavity of the supercharger compressor and is communicated with the working cylinders of the gas diesel engine through channels of a gas-air mixture cooler, a supercharger receiver, channels of the inlet valves of the covers of the working cylinders, and the other gas pipeline for supplying gas to the working cylinders has a regulator for supplying gas to the working cylinders, a gas heater, a sensor, a gas manifold connected to the gas valves of the working cylinders of the gas diesel engine, a control unit associated with the regulators of the gas pipelines, sensors, gas valves of the working cylinders and the regulator of the gas diesel engine with injectors for supplying pilot doses of liquid fuel, a liquid fuel pipeline,a mechanism for feeding priming doses of liquid fuel connected to a gas diesel regulator, characterized in that it has a gas quality analyzer, a gas separator, electric dosing units, a coarse separator for cleaning liquid fuel with a quality analyzer, a fine separator for cleaning liquid fuel with a quality analyzer, an on-board computer, wherein the inlet opening of the gas separator is connected to the gas quality analyzer, and the outlet opening with a reducer, the outlet opening of which is connected to the first electric dosing unit connected to a gas flow separator, in turn, the gas flow separator is connected to the inlet opening of the second electric dosing unit, the coarse separator with a quality analyzer is connected in series with the fine separator with a quality analyzer, the outlet opening of the fine separator is connected to the inlet opening of the third electric dosing unit, which is connected to the mechanism for feeding priming doses of liquid fuel, wherein the electric dosing units are connected to a control unit,The coarse and fine separators are connected to the control unit, the liquid fuel quality analyzers are connected to the control unit, the on-board computer is connected to the control unit, which provides reading of the power, fuel-economic indicators and operational properties of the gas diesel engine.

Images