Modular marine ship incinerator

Abstract

FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: invention which can be used for the disposal of various types of waste, and in particular, for the combustion of industrial, household, biological and medical solid waste. The modular marine incinerator contains a body, a combustion chamber, an afterburning chamber, a grate, a diesel burner, an inspection window installed on the front wall, and a smoke exhauster. The incinerator contains a lock device with a cover and a rotary table equipped with a lever, a storage chamber, an ejector with an air valve, a pressure fan located on the side wall of the housing and connected by a channel to the storage chamber, a service door in the housing, an automated combustion control system equipped with pressure and temperature sensors, a fuel tank connected to a diesel burner by a fuel pipeline equipped with an electromagnetic valve.EFFECT: increase in the efficiency of solid municipal waste disposal and a reduction in environmentally harmful components in gas emissions.3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

[0001] The modular marine incinerator is designed for energy-related waste management and can be used, in particular, for the incineration of industrial, household, biological, and medical solid waste. The unit can be installed on board a vessel in separate service spaces equipped with a chimney, or in free-standing shipping containers, at permanent and temporary military bases, or in the field, including in the Arctic.

[0002] The following models of waste disposal systems are known (solid waste incinerator (see RU No. 2147711, IPC F23G 5 / 00, published on 2000.04.20), solid waste incinerator (see RU No. 2100701, IPC F23G 5 / 00, published on 1997.12.27), catalytic solid waste incinerator (see RU No. 2735755, IPC F23G 7 / 07 (2006.01), F23B 10 / 00 (2011.01) published on 2020.11.06 and others).

[0003] Of the known devices, the closest to the proposed one is a catalytic furnace for burning solid waste containing a casing including a combustion chamber with walls and a vault, an afterburning chamber separated by a pass wall from the combustion chamber, a sinkhole grate at the bottom of the combustion chamber, an ash chamber located under the grate, a burner, an inspection window, hatches of the combustion chamber and ash chamber installed on the front wall, a hopper with a rotary damper and a lid installed on the vault (see RU No. 2735755, IPC F23G 7 / 07 (2006.01), F23B 10 / 00 (2011.01) published 2020.11.06), which was chosen as a prototype.

[0004] The disadvantage of the well-known model is the lack of a flue gas cooling device to clean the air from unburned impurities, the location of the grate between the combustion chamber and the ash chamber, which leads to a larger number of unburned components in the ash.

[0005] The expected technical result is the optimization of the combustion process due to the location of the grate between the accumulation and combustion chambers of solid municipal waste and maintaining an acceptable level of harmful substances in the exhaust gases through the use of an ejector with an air valve.

[0006] The distinguishing feature of the unit is the presence of an ejector with an air valve, a pressure fan located on the side wall of the housing, connected by a channel to the accumulation chamber, a rotary table lever and a service door on the housing, an automated combustion control system equipped with pressure and temperature sensors, a fuel tank connected to a diesel burner by a fuel pipeline equipped with an electromagnetic valve, a grate located above the combustion chamber and separating the accumulation chamber from the combustion chamber. The unit can be placed in a room equipped with a chimney or in a transport container and transported on a road, railway platform and on sea and river vessels. The utility model is explained by drawings, where

[0007] Fig. 1 - general view;

[0008] Fig. 2 - section A-A;

[0009] Fig. 3 - section B-B.

[0010] The modular marine incinerator comprises a body 1 consisting of heat-insulating material 2, a sluice device 3, a cover 4 of the sluice device 3, a lever 5 of a rotary table 6, a rotary table 6, a grate 8 separating a storage chamber 7 from a combustion chamber 9, a service door 10, a tray 12 of a diesel burner 11 located under the diesel burner 11 connected to a fuel supply tank 23 by means of a fuel pipeline 22 equipped with an electromagnetic valve 21, an afterburning chamber 13, a chimney 14, a smoke exhauster 15, an ejector 16, an air valve 17, an automated control system 18, a pressure sensor 19, a temperature sensor 20, a pressure fan 24, an inspection window 25.

[0011] The modular marine ship incinerator operates as follows. With the lid 4 of the airlock 3 open and the rotary table 6 closed, controlled by the lever 5 of the rotary table 6, the waste to be incinerated is loaded into the airlock 3. Upon completion of the loading, the lid 4 is closed. The control panel 18 starts the device in the automated mode, the temperature and pressure in the combustion chamber 9, in the afterburning chamber 13 and in front of the smoke exhauster 15 are monitored using temperature sensors 20 and pressure sensors 19. Diesel burner 11 with a tray 12 and connected to a fuel supply tank 23 via a fuel pipeline 22 equipped with an electromagnetic valve 21 operates in an autonomous mode to maintain the required combustion temperature.Once the required temperature in the incinerator's combustion chamber is reached through combustion of diesel fuel, lever 5 of rotary table 6 is rotated, and waste from airlock 3, under the force of gravity, flows into the storage chamber 7 onto grate 8 located above combustion chamber 9. Rotary table 6 is closed, and a new batch of waste is loaded into airlock 3. The design of device 3 ensures continuous (as needed) reloading of waste into the combustion chamber during incinerator operation. The waste layer on grate 8 is heated and ignited by the flame from burner 11.Combustion air is supplied by vacuum created by smoke exhauster 15, mounted on chimney 14, through the duct of a pressure fan. If necessary, to provide excess oxygen and improve combustion, air is supplied to chamber 7 via pressure fan 24, which has an adjustable damper on the intake pipe. Smoke exhauster 15 is used to create negative pressure in combustion chamber 9 and remove flue gases. When the set temperature is reached and active combustion of waste occurs, burner 11 automatically shuts off.

[0012] As the combustible components burn out, the waste falls through the grate 8 under the force of gravity into chamber 9, where it burns out completely due to the burner 11 located beneath grate 8. Ash residue accumulates there, and another portion of waste is fed from airlock 3 onto the burning bed. The flue gases generated during waste combustion, along with the unburned products they contain and the volatile entrained solid particles, enter the afterburning chamber 13.

[0013] The volatile entrainment of the solid phase, under the action of gravity and inertial forces arising from the rotation of the gas flow, falls into the lower part of the afterburning chamber 13.

[0014] Under the influence of the smoke exhauster 15, the flue gases from the afterburning chamber 13 enter the ejector 16, where they are mixed with atmospheric air entering through the air valve 17, cooled to the required temperature and released into the atmosphere.

[0015] The combustion process during furnace operation is monitored through inspection hatch 25. The incinerator is serviced through service door 10.

Claims

1. A modular marine incinerator comprising a housing, a combustion chamber, an afterburning chamber, a grate, a diesel burner, an inspection window mounted on the front wall, a smoke exhauster, characterized in that it contains a lock device with a cover and a rotary table equipped with a lever, a collection chamber, an ejector with an air valve, a pressure fan located on the side wall of the housing and connected by a channel to the collection chamber, a service door on the housing, an automated combustion control system equipped with pressure and temperature sensors, a fuel supply tank connected to the diesel burner by a fuel pipeline equipped with an electromagnetic valve.

2. A modular marine incinerator according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the grate is located above the combustion chamber and separates the storage chamber from the combustion chamber.

3. A modular marine incinerator according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the diesel burner is equipped with a tray.

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