Heat-insulating cover for pneumatic PCP rifles

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.SUBSTANCE: heat-insulating cover for pneumatic PCP rifles comprises an outer layer of the cover from a fabric additionally having a coating ensuring water impermeability of the fabric. Under the outer layer there is a layer made of a heat-insulating material – cross-linked polyethylene foam, having a reflecting coating on both sides. Under said layer there is a flexible flat electric heating element, and on inner side adjacent to arranged in case rifle, there is lining layer made of fabric with reflective coating. According to the second version, the cover outer layer is made of a fabric additionally having a coating ensuring water impermeability of the fabric. Under the outer layer there is a layer made of a thermally insulating material – cross-linked foamed polyethylene, having a reflective coating on one side, and the reflective polyethylene coating faces the outer layer of the cover. Under it layer of additional thermally insulating material is arranged, on one side having reflective coating, and the reflective coating on the additional thermally insulating material faces the inner side of the cover, under the layer of additional thermally insulating material a flexible flat electric heating element is located, and on the inner side, adjacent to the rifle located in the case, there is a layer of fabric with a reflective coating.EFFECT: maintenance of constant temperature and accordingly constant gas pressure in reservoir (reservoirs) of pneumatic PCP rifle.2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

[0001] The invention relates to the field of sports and amateur shooting and is intended for use with pneumatic weapons of the PCP (Pre-Charge Pneumatics) type - a system with preliminary gas injection into the reservoir of a pneumatic weapon.

[0002] Unlike spring-piston pneumatic guns, PCP pneumatics fire by expending high-pressure gas in a reservoir, which is an integral component of the gun's design. Reservoirs can be permanent or removable (such as high-pressure cylinders, also known as receivers). Compared to spring-piston pneumatics, pre-charged pneumatic guns (PCP) achieve maximum velocity, muzzle energy, and accuracy, while allowing for wide velocity adjustment. PCP air rifles are divided into two subtypes: straight-pull air rifles, in which the gas required for firing is metered by a firing valve, and gear-reduced air rifles. These rifles are equipped with a gear reducer, which is installed in front of the firing valve. The gas pressure passed by the reducer into the space behind the reducer (reducer pressure) is determined by the reducer setting.It must be lower than the pressure in the rifle's reservoir (pre-reducer or pre-reducer pressure). Once the reservoir pressure drops below the post-reducer pressure, the geared rifle begins to operate as a straight-through system. Reservoirs in PCP rifles can be filled not only with purified and dried air but also with other working gases, such as nitrogen or helium.

[0003] As we know from school physics, when heated, gas expands and increases in volume, while at low temperatures, gas contracts. The same process occurs inside the reservoirs of PCP rifles, including those with geared rifles, in the spaces behind the gearbox. Currently, the main problem with using PCP rifles outdoors in winter is the change in temperature and, consequently, the gas pressure in the reservoir. This is influenced by the ambient temperature, which affects the rate of gas flow under pressure, the flight of the lead bullet, and ultimately, the accuracy of the shot. The optimal temperature for using PCP rifles operating on high gas pressure is between +20 and +25°C. However, in the climatic conditions of the Russian Federation, especially in its eastern part, winter temperatures from -25°C to -40°C and below are not uncommon.

[0004] With such a temperature difference between the air in the high-pressure reservoir and the space behind the gearbox, the parameters change dramatically due to the laws of physics, and the performance of PCP rifles in such conditions is significantly reduced. This is especially true for geared rifles. For example, in practice, when taking a rifle outdoors, from a room or car where the air temperature is +23 - +25°C, the gas temperature in the rifle's reservoir and the space behind the gearbox is the same. If, for example, the gas pressure is 280 atm in the reservoir and 140 atm in the space behind the gearbox, and the outside air temperature is, say, -20°C, then you must first wait for the rifle itself to reach ambient temperature.Next, the rifle must be readjusted, since as the rifle's temperature drops, so does the gas temperature in the reservoir and the space behind the gearbox, and accordingly, the pressure in both the reservoir and the space behind the gearbox decreases (in this case, the gearbox is said to "leak" [1, 2], changing its operating characteristics in frosty air, which shifts the point of impact [3]). Such temperature changes significantly complicate operation and reduce the usability of PCP rifles in cold weather. Furthermore, constant adjustment of the gearbox can quickly lead to its failure.

[0005] A case with heat-stabilizing properties (with a thermos effect) could cope with the task of maintaining a constant set temperature and operating pressure in an air rifle.

[0006] Currently, a number of gun covers and cases are known, and they are often designed not only specifically for sporting air rifles, but also for a number of models of hunting firearms, differing not in the purpose of the weapon, but in shape and size.

[0007] A case for the MP-512 air rifle [4] (manufacturer: Holster LLC, Russia) made of waterproof synthetic fabric is known. The disadvantage of this case is that it is designed only to protect against moisture during transport or storage, but is not capable of maintaining a stable temperature of the weapon or protecting it from cooling.

[0008] A universal case for an air rifle [5] (manufacturer: Kalashnikov, Russia) is known, 120 cm long, suitable for use with models MP-512; MP-514; MP-515; MP-60; MP-61; MP-553; MP-555. The soft case is made of 600D Oxford fabric, impregnated with PVC and PU, which gives water-repellent properties, provides protection from the ingress of chemicals. The disadvantage of this case is similar - the product does not have heat-protective properties.

[0009] The GAMO Black and Red [6] case (manufacturer: Gamo, Spain) is 120 cm long, made of thick polyester (does not bend), and has a lining. This case also does not provide thermal insulation.

[0010] The GAMO FUNDA SEMI HARD [7] case (manufacturer: Gamo, Spain) is 125 cm long and designed for rifles up to 115 cm long. The outer layer is made of water-repellent polyester, with a faux wool lining. This case provides some protection from mechanical damage and moisture, but lacks adequate thermal insulation.

[0011] The Baikal B-1 case for a smoothbore disassemblable weapon (850×250 mm) is known. It was manufactured by the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant (Izhmash), and is trade mark Baikal [8]. It is designed for transporting weapons. The outer layer is polyester. The inner filler is 10 mm thick foamed polyethylene. Foamed polyethylene is a non-hygroscopic material that does not accumulate moisture. According to the manufacturer, weapons stored in this case are less susceptible to corrosion while simultaneously being reliably protected from damage. However, this case is also not suitable for maintaining a stable weapon temperature at very low temperatures.

[0012] A number of models of cases (manufacturer: Holster LLC, Russia) [9] are available for storing and transporting rifles and shotguns. The outer layer is made of polyurethane-coated Cordura fabric with water-repellent properties. The case's textured foam interior prevents the weapon from shifting during transport, protects it from mechanical damage, and provides shock absorption. These cases are suitable for transportation, but do not provide sufficient thermal insulation.

[0013] A known case for MP-512 air rifles with or without optics

[10] (OOO PF VECTOR, Russia) is 116 cm long, designed for weapons up to 110 cm long, made of durable synthetic fabric on a waterproof base, with a high-density synthetic fabric or non-woven material as the lining, and 4 mm thick polyethylene foam as the intermediate layer. Although this case has three layers of material, in the author's opinion, it still does not provide sufficient thermal insulation at very low ambient temperatures.

[0014] A well-known Remington gun case without scope

[11] (manufacturer: Remington, USA) is 123 cm long and designed to store and carry weapons up to 120 cm long. The top layer is made of high-strength synthetic Cordura fabric with faux leather inserts, and the middle layer is made of foam rubber and has a synthetic lining. According to the manufacturer, the Cordura top layer retains heat inside and protects the weapon from low temperatures. The case, according to the manufacturer, is designed for transporting and storing weapons, protecting them from mechanical damage and environmental influences. However, in the author's opinion, such a case, despite the use of three layers of material, cannot provide reliable thermal insulation at very low temperatures.

[0015] The "Lider"

[12] case model (manufacturer: Holster LLC, Russia) is available in lengths of 110, 120, 125, 130, and 135 cm, with or without optics. The outer material is Oxford fabric with genuine leather inserts, while the inner material is isolon and synthetic velor. According to the manufacturer, the case is designed for safe transportation and protection of weapons from external mechanical and atmospheric influences. The author also believes that such cases are unable to provide sufficient thermal insulation in very low winter temperatures.

[0016] A patent search revealed that prior art products are primarily designed for storing and transporting weapons. Cases are shown to incorporate a durable woven fabric such as Cordura or Oxford as a top layer, including those with additional moisture-resistant treatments, as well as foamed polymers that create a heat-stabilizing air gap. However, these products do not possess sufficient thermal insulation properties to stabilize the gas temperature in the high-pressure reservoir when using PCP rifles in very low winter temperatures.

[0017] The objective of the invention is to develop a case for pneumatic PCP rifles that will allow the PCP rifles to be used outdoors in conditions of significantly lower ambient temperatures.

[0018] The technical result of the invention is maintaining a constant temperature and, accordingly, a constant gas pressure in the reservoir(s) of the pneumatic PCP rifle.

[0019] The technical result is achieved by offering 2 design options (devices) for a thermal insulation cover for pneumatic PCP rifles.

[0020] According to the first variant, the outer layer of the cover is made of fabric, additionally having a coating that ensures the waterproofness of the fabric; under the outer layer there is a layer made of heat-insulating material - the so-called cross-linked foamed polyethylene, with a reflective coating on both sides; under this layer there is a flexible flat electric heating element, and on the inside, adjacent to the rifle placed in the cover, there is a lining layer made of fabric with a reflective coating.

[0021] According to the second variant, the outer layer of the cover is made of fabric, additionally having a coating that ensures the waterproofness of the fabric, under the outer layer there is a layer made of a heat-insulating material - the so-called cross-linked foamed polyethylene, having a reflective coating on one side, and the reflective coating on the cross-linked foamed polyethylene faces the outer layer of the cover, under the layer of cross-linked foamed polyethylene there is a layer of additional heat-insulating material, having a reflective coating on one side, and the reflective coating on the additional heat-insulating material faces the inner side of the cover, under the layer of additional heat-insulating material there is a flexible flat electric heating element, and on the inner side adjacent to the rifle placed in the cover there is a lining layer made of fabric with a reflective coating.

[0022] The effectiveness of reflective thermal insulation has been proven, for example, in construction [13, 14]. This is particularly true for the combination of a closed air space with a reflective layer. This type of thermal insulation combines the high thermal insulation properties of a material with air spaces between fibers or within bubbles, cells, etc., with the high heat-reflective capacity of metals (90%), thereby stopping the spread of heat by both reducing thermal conductivity and interrupting thermal radiation. The base material, which has low thermal conductivity due to air inclusions, is coated with a reflective layer on one or both sides, creating additional thermal resistance [13, 14].

[0023] The results of a comparative study of the efficiency of various thermal insulation materials based on their thermal conductivity coefficient are available (the rate of cooling water in a vessel covered with the material under study was measured). The lowest thermal conductivity coefficient was demonstrated by: foamed closed-cell polyethylene with foil facing inward (thermal conductivity coefficient value of 0.071); foamed closed-cell polyethylene with aluminum foil on the outside and inside (0.064); foamed closed-cell polyethylene with aluminum foil on the outside (0.069) and polyurethane foam with two layers of foil on the outside and inside (0.055). At the same time, insulating materials with a reflective layer applied on both sides showed a slight advantage

[15] .

[0024] The outer layer of the cover for pneumatic PCP rifles for both variants of the invention is proposed to be made from a fabric that additionally has a coating that ensures the waterproofness of the fabric, which can be made from synthetic, natural or mixed fabrics with coatings (so-called impregnations) of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), polyurethane with silicone (PU / SI), polytetrafluoroethylene (for example, DuPont's "Teflon" impregnation), and similar hydrophobic impregnations.

[0025] The next layer for both variants of the invention is made of a specific heat-insulating material, the so-called cross-linked polyethylene foam (cross-linked polyethylene foam), which has a reflective coating on both sides in the first variant and a reflective coating on one side in the second variant. Cross-linked polyethylene foam (CPE) has a cross-linked (network) molecular structure, which provides CPE with increased elasticity and high resistance to mechanical stress

[16] . CPE has a fine-celled, closed-cell structure that is resistant to loads

[16] . This material was chosen for its ability to quickly and completely restore its original shape after deformation (pressure, compression, crumpling), which is important during active use of the cover. Cross-linked polyethylene foams can be obtained in two ways - chemically or by radiation (physical).Chemically cross-linked polyethylene foams are formed using antioxidants and cross-linking initiators (usually peroxides). When using the radiation (physical) method, the cross-linking of atomic groups occurs not chemically, but under the influence of a high-speed electron beam

[16] . Chemically cross-linked polyethylene foams are less expensive to produce than physically cross-linked polyethylene foams, but their density is the same

[17] .

[0026] According to the second variant of the invention, various flexible foamed polymeric materials can be used as an additional heat-insulating material, such as, for example: foamed polyethylene (foamed polyethylene) - both cross-linked and non-cross-linked; foamed polyvinyl chloride; foamed polypropylene; foamed polyurethane (foamed polyurethane, or foam rubber); foamed ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA); synthetic foamed rubbers, such as, for example, polychloroprene rubber (for example, DuPont "neoprene"), styrene-butadiene rubber, butadiene-nitrile rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, as well as any natural, synthetic or mixed textile materials, for example: felt, felt, synthetic winterizer, tarpaulin and the like. All of the above materials must be supplemented on one side with a reflective coating.

[0027] The following can be used as a reflective coating: metal foil, foil fabric (glass fabric coated with metal foil), metallized film (polymer base films with metal powder applied by vacuum spraying) with various base materials, such as: polyethylene (PET), polyethylene terephthalate (lavsan, polyester), polypropylene, polyamide, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride copolymers (PVC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and the like; metallized film with lamination.

[0028] In both the first and second embodiments of the invention, the reflective coating on the layer (layers) of thermal insulation material is present on both sides of the layer (layers). As has already been shown in the study of thermal insulation materials

[15] , the thermal conductivity coefficient is lower when the reflective coating is located on both sides of the thermal insulation material, and heat is retained more efficiently. In the first embodiment, the reflective coating is present on both sides of one layer of thermal insulation material - cross-linked PE. In the second embodiment, a layer of cross-linked PE, having a reflective coating on one side, and a layer of any other additional thermal insulation material (both the same cross-linked PE and any other material with thermal insulation properties can be used), also having a reflective coating on one side, are folded towards each other when sewing the cover together with the sides without the reflective coating.Thus, two folded layers of heat-insulating material have a reflective coating on both sides, which provides an excellent effect of reflecting heat and returning it inside to the weapon inside the case.

[0029] A flexible flat electric heating element is located beneath the layer(s) of thermal insulation material. These flexible electric heating elements (FHEs) are produced as flat plates made of flexible materials resistant to bending, crushing, and other mechanical stress. These FHEs are typically used for sewing into clothing, accessories, and equipment, especially for winter tourism and winter sports. FHEs are manufactured in various sizes and shapes, and the required power supply voltage is determined by the size of the FHE.

[0030] On the inside of the cover, adjacent to the rifle placed in the cover, there is a fabric with a reflective coating. This can be foil-coated fabric, metallized fabric, including membrane fabric with a reflective coating. At significantly reduced atmospheric temperatures, the inner layer of the fabric will immediately reflect some of the thermal radiation, returning the heat to the surface of the weapon

[18] . Some of the thermal radiation that has passed through this inner layer of fabric with a reflective coating will be stopped by both layers of the reflective coating located on the thermal insulation material(s). The addition of an inner layer of fabric with a reflective coating can also provide an additional technical result - preventing the formation of condensation, which can occur due to temperature differences

[18] . This layer of fabric can serve to drain condensation from the surface of the weapon by absorbing moisture.

[0031] The invention is illustrated by drawings showing the design elements of a thermal insulation cover for pneumatic PCP rifles according to the second variant according to Example 8.

[0032] Fig. 1 shows the thermal insulation cover before sewing on the inner lining layer of fabric with a reflective coating, where 1 is the top (outer) layer - fabric with an Oxford weave, 100% polyester, density 600D, PU; 2 is a layer of additional thermal insulation material, with a reflective coating on one side, namely: physically cross-linked foamed polyethylene PPE-L CALEO, 2.5 mm thick, covered with a metallized film based on lavsan on one side (manufacturer OOO KALEO, Russia).

[0033] Fig. 2 shows the thermal insulation cover in an unfolded form with the inside facing up, where 1 is the top (outer) layer - fabric with an Oxford weave, 100% polyester, density 600D, PU, ​​3 is the inner layer of fabric with a reflective coating, namely: reflective fabric "Mylar D600" of an Oxford weave, density 600D, 100% polyester, metallized lavsan (Mylar) with an aluminum coating.

[0034] Fig. 3a and 3b show a separate flexible flat electric heating element in the form of two flat flexible plates, where 4 is a flexible flat electric heating element, 5 are wires of the electric heating element, 6 is a button for turning on, off and switching between heating modes, 7 is a cord for connecting to a power source with a USB port, 8 is a portable power source (Powerbank).

[0035] Fig. 4 shows: 2 - a layer of additional heat-insulating material, having a reflective coating on one side, namely: physically cross-linked foamed polyethylene PPE-L CALEO, 2.5 mm thick, covered with a metallized film based on lavsan on one side (manufacturer OOO KALEO, Russia); 3 - an inner layer of fabric with a reflective coating, namely: reflective fabric "Mylar D600" of "Oxford" weave, density 600D, 100% polyester, metallized lavsan (Mylar) with aluminum spraying; 4 - a flexible flat electric heating element; 9 - cross-linked polyethylene foam, namely: polyethylene foam with a physically cross-linked molecular structure, coated with a metallized film based on polyethylene terephthalate (lavsan) on one side, manufacturer Izhevsk Plastics Plant (OJSC IZP), Russia, thickness 3 mm (trade mark ISOLON 500 LM (Izolon) type "A").

[0036] Fig. 5 shows: 2 - a layer of additional heat-insulating material, having a reflective coating on one side, namely: physically cross-linked foamed polyethylene PPE-L CALEO, 2.5 mm thick, covered with a metallized film based on lavsan on one side (manufacturer OOO KALEO, Russia); 3 - an inner layer of fabric with a reflective coating, namely: reflective fabric "Mylar D600" of "Oxford" weave, density 600D, 100% polyester, metallized lavsan (Mylar) with aluminum spraying; 4 - a flexible flat electric heating element.

[0037] Examples of manufacturing a thermal insulation cover for pneumatic PCP rifles according to the first option (A - outer layer, B - layer made of thermal insulation material - cross-linked foamed polyethylene, with a reflective coating on both sides, B - flexible flat electric heating element, G - lining inner layer made of fabric with a reflective coating; D (denier) - a unit of measurement of the linear density of fabric threads, expressing the ratio of their mass to length, PU - coating (the so-called "impregnation") of the fabric surface with a polyurethane film, PVC - coating (the so-called "impregnation") of the fabric surface with a film of polyvinyl chloride):

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A. Oxford weave fabric, 100% polyester, 600D density, PVC;

[0040] B. Foamed polyethylene with a physically cross-linked molecular structure, coated with a metallized film based on polyethylene terephthalate (lavsan) on one side, manufacturer Izhevsk Plastics Plant (OJSC IZP), Russia, thickness 5 mm (trade mark ISOLON 500 LM (Izolon) type "A"), supplemented on the second side with a glued layer of reflective coating - metallized biaxially oriented polypropylene film (BOPP), thickness 24 μm;

[0041] B. Flexible flat graphene-based electric heating element with USB port, 0.3 cm thick, rated for 5W (manufacturer Yuemi, China);

[0042] G. Omni-Heat foil lining fabric, density 60 g / m 2 , 100% polyester, with aluminum foil applied in the form of circles.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] A. Cordura fabric, 100% nylon, density 1000D (manufacturer INVISTA, USA, trademark CORDURA), water-repellent impregnation with a protective coating of 2000 mm / DWR (Durable Water Repellent) + PU;

[0045] B. Foamed polyethylene with a physically cross-linked molecular structure, coated with a metallized film based on polyethylene terephthalate (lavsan) on one side, manufacturer Izhevsk Plastics Plant (OJSC IZP), Russia, thickness 4 mm (trade mark ISOLON 500 LM (Izolon) type "A"), supplemented on the second side with a glued layer of reflective coating - a metallized film based on polyethylene (PET);

[0046] B. Flexible flat graphene heating element with USB port, 0.3cm thick, rated for 5W (manufacturer Yuemi, China);

[0047] G. Taffeta lining fabric, foil-coated, density 65 g / m 2 , 100% polyester with aluminum foil applied in small circles.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] A. Oxford weave fabric, 100% polyester, 600D density, PU;

[0050] B. Chemically cross-linked foamed polyethylene, manufactured by Izhevsk Plastics Plant (OJSC IZP), Russia, 5 mm thick (trade mark EcoHeat (Izolon 300 PPE NH)), supplemented on both sides with a layer of reflective coating - metallized aluminum film based on lavsan;

[0051] B. Flexible flat electric heating element with USB port, rated for 7.4 W, 0.5 cm thick, HotWalker brand (manufacturer: Industrial Development and Supply Group LLC, Russia);

[0052] G. Lining fabric "Gamma" foil, density 65 g / m 2 , 100% polyester with aluminum foil applied in squares.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] A. Fabric "Duspo-Fleece Multicam rip-stop", 100% polyester, water-repellent coating PA (polyacrylic), MILKY - polyurethane (PU) coating, density 240 g / m2 ;

[0055] B. Physically cross-linked polyethylene foam, manufacturer RUSSFOM LLC, trademark Penolon PPE-R, thickness 5 mm, supplemented on both sides with a layer of reflective coating - a metallized film based on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA);

[0056] B. Flexible flat graphene-based electric heating element with USB port, 0.3 cm thick, rated for 5 W (manufacturer Yuemi, China);

[0057] G. Reflective fabric "Mylar D600" Oxford weave, density 600D, 100% polyester, metallized lavsan (Mylar) with aluminum coating.

[0058] Example 5

[0059] A. Cordura fabric, 100% nylon, density 700D (manufacturer INVISTA, USA, trademark CORDURA), water-repellent impregnation with a protective coating of 1000 mm / DWR (Durable Water Repellent) + PU;

[0060] B. Chemically cross-linked foamed polyethylene, manufacturer RUSSFOM LLC, trademark Penolon PPE, thickness 6 mm, supplemented on both sides with a layer of reflective coating - metallized aluminum film based on lavsan;

[0061] B. Flexible flat electric heating element with USB port, rated for 5W, 0.5cm thick, HotWalker brand (manufacturer: Industrial Development and Supply Group LLC, Russia);

[0062] G. Omni-Heat foil lining fabric, density 60 g / m 2 , 100% polyester, with aluminum foil applied in the form of circles.

[0063] Example 6

[0064] A. Oxford weave fabric, 100% polyester, density 1680D, PU;

[0065] B. Chemically cross-linked foamed polyethylene, manufacturer OOO StroyBiznesAlyans, trademark Izofom PPE, thickness 4 mm, supplemented on both sides with a layer of reflective coating K-FLEX 1C CLAD - a combined material made of black fiberglass 1C CLAD VK and a fiberglass coating laminated with aluminum foil 1C CLAD SR, manufacturer OOO K-FLEX, Russia;

[0066] B. Flexible flat graphene heating element with USB port, 0.3cm thick, rated for 7.4W (manufacturer Yuemi, China);

[0067] G. Taffeta lining fabric, foil-coated, density 65 g / m 2 , 100% polyester with aluminum foil applied in small circles.

[0068] Example 7

[0069] A. Cordura fabric, 100% nylon, density 500D (manufacturer INVISTA, USA, trademark CORDURA), water-repellent impregnation with a protective coating of 2000 mm / DWR (Durable Water Repellent) + PU;

[0070] B. Chemically cross-linked foamed polyethylene, manufacturer OOO StroyBiznesAlyans, trademark Izofom PPE-F, thickness 5 mm, laminated on one side with a metallized film based on lavsan, supplemented on the second side with a glued layer of reflective coating K-FLEX ALU - a combined four-layer material consisting of two layers of aluminum foil and two layers of PETF film (polyethylene terephthalate - lavsan), manufacturer OOO K-FLEX, Russia;

[0071] B. Flexible flat electric heating element with USB port, rated for 5W, 0.5 cm thick, HotWalker brand (manufacturer: Industrial Development and Supply Group LLC, Russia);

[0072] G. Reflective fabric "Mylar D600" Oxford weave, density 600D, 100% polyester, metallized lavsan (Mylar) with aluminum coating.

[0073] Examples of manufacturing a thermal insulation cover for pneumatic PCP rifles according to the second option (A - outer layer, B1 - a layer made of thermal insulation material - cross-linked foamed polyethylene, with a reflective coating on one side, B2 - a layer of additional thermal insulation material with a reflective coating on one side, B - a flexible flat electric heating element, G - a lining inner layer made of fabric with a reflective coating; D (denier) - a unit of measurement of the linear density of fabric threads, expressing the ratio of their mass to length, PU - coating (the so-called "impregnation") of the fabric surface with a polyurethane film, PVC - coating (the so-called "impregnation") of the fabric surface with a polyvinyl chloride film):

[0074] Example 8

[0075] A. Oxford weave fabric, 100% polyester, 600D density, PVC;

[0076] B1. Foamed polyethylene with a physically cross-linked molecular structure, coated with a metallized film based on polyethylene terephthalate (lavsan) on one side, manufacturer Izhevsk Plastics Plant (OJSC IZP), Russia, thickness 3 mm (trade mark ISOLON 500 LM (Izolon) type "A");

[0077] B2. Physically cross-linked polyethylene foam PPE-L CALEO, 2.5 mm thick, covered with a metallized film based on lavsan on one side (manufacturer OOO KALEO, Russia);

[0078] B. Flexible flat graphene heating element with USB port, 0.3cm thick, rated for 5W (manufacturer Yuemi, China);

[0079] G. Reflective fabric "Mylar D600" Oxford weave, density 600D, 100% polyester, metallized lavsan (Mylar) with aluminum coating.

[0080] Example 9

[0081] A. Fabric "Duspo-Fleece Multicam rip-stop", 100% polyester, water-repellent coating PA (polyacrylic), MILKY - polyurethane (PU) coating, density 240 g / m 2 ;

[0082] B1. Foamed polyethylene with a physically cross-linked molecular structure, coated with a metallized film based on polyethylene terephthalate (lavsan) on one side, manufacturer Izhevsk Plastics Plant (OJSC IZP), Russia, thickness 2 mm (trade mark ISOLON 500 LM (Izolon) type "A");

[0083] B2. Foamed polyethylene with a physically cross-linked molecular structure, coated with a metallized film based on polyethylene terephthalate (lavsan) on one side, manufacturer Izhevsk Plastics Plant (OJSC IZP), Russia, thickness 2 mm (trade mark ISOLON 500 LM (Izolon) type "A");

[0084] B. Flexible flat electric heating element with USB port, rated for 5W, 0.5cm thick, HotWalker brand (manufacturer: Industrial Development and Supply Group LLC, Russia);

[0085] G. Omni-Heat foil lining fabric, density 60 g / m 2 , 100% polyester, with aluminum foil applied in the form of circles.

[0086] Example 10

[0087] A. Oxford weave fabric, 100% polyester, 600D density, PVC;

[0088] B1. Foamed polyethylene with a physically cross-linked molecular structure, coated with a metallized film based on polyethylene terephthalate (lavsan) on one side, manufacturer Izhevsk Plastics Plant (OJSC IZP), Russia, thickness 3 mm (trade mark ISOLON 500 LM (Izolon) type "A");

[0089] B2. Non-cross-linked foamed polyethylene, coated with a metallized film based on lavsan on one side, manufacturer OOO TEPOFOL, Russia, thickness 2 mm (trade mark NPE Tepofol type "A");

[0090] B. Flexible flat graphene heating element with USB port, 0.3cm thick, rated for 5W (manufacturer Yuemi, China);

[0091] G. Taffeta lining fabric, foil-coated, density 65 g / m 2 , 100% polyester with aluminum foil applied in small circles.

[0092] Example 11

[0093] A. Cordura fabric, 100% nylon, density 1000D (manufacturer INVISTA, USA, trademark CORDURA), water-repellent impregnation with a protective coating of 2000 mm / DWR (Durable Water Repellent) + PU;

[0094] B1. Chemically cross-linked foamed polyethylene, manufactured by Izhevsk Plastics Plant (OJSC IZP), Russia, 4 mm thick (trade name Izolon 300 PPE NH), supplemented on one side with a layer of reflective coating - a metallized aluminum film based on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA);

[0095] B2. Non-crosslinked foamed polyethylene, manufacturer OOO "Format", Russia (trade mark ISOCOM (IZOKOM)), thickness 1 mm, supplemented on one side with a layer of reflective coating - metallized aluminum film based on lavsan;

[0096] B. Flexible flat graphene-based electric heating element with USB port, 0.3 cm thick, rated for 5 W (manufacturer Yuemi, China);

[0097] G. Lining fabric "Gamma" foil, density 65 g / m 2 , 100% polyester with aluminum foil applied in squares.

[0098] Example 12

[0099] A. Oxford weave fabric, 100% polyester, density 1680D, PU;

[0100] B1. Physically cross-linked foamed polyethylene, manufacturer Izhevsk Plastics Plant (OJSC IZP), Russia, thickness 3 mm (trade mark Izolon 500 PPE), supplemented on one side with a reflective coating K-FLEX AL CLAD - a combined material of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), aluminum foil and PETF film (polyethylene terephthalate - lavsan), manufacturer OOO K-FLEX, Russia;

[0101] B2. Roll foamed polypropylene, laminated with metallized lavsan film on one side, "Penoterm Research Institute of LP for underfloor heating", 3 mm thick, manufacturer "Penoterm-Group" LLC;

[0102] B. Flexible flat graphene heating element with USB port, 0.3 cm thick, rated for 5W (manufacturer Yuemi, China);

[0103] G. Taffeta lining fabric, foil-coated, density 65 g / m 2, 100% polyester with aluminum foil applied in small circles.

[0104] Example 13

[0105] A. Cordura fabric, 100% nylon, density 700D (manufacturer INVISTA, USA, trademark CORDURA), water-repellent impregnation with a protective coating of 1000 mm / DWR (Durable Water Repellent) + PU;

[0106] B1. Foamed polyethylene with a physically cross-linked molecular structure, coated with a metallized film based on polyethylene terephthalate (lavsan) on one side, manufacturer Izhevsk Plastics Plant (OJSC IZP), Russia, thickness 3 mm (trade mark ISOLON 500 LM (Izolon) type "A");

[0107] B2. Foamed polyurethane (polyurethane foam), 2 mm thick, supplemented on one side with a layer of reflective coating - metallized biaxially oriented polypropylene film (BOPP), thickness 24 μm;

[0108] B. Flexible flat electric heating element with USB port, rated for 7.4 W, 0.5 cm thick, Hot Walker brand (manufacturer: Industrial Development and Supply Group LLC, Russia);

[0109] G. Reflective fabric "Mylar D600" Oxford weave, density 600D, 100% polyester, metallized lavsan (Mylar) with aluminum coating.

[0110] Example 14

[0111] A. Fabric "Duspo-Fleece Multicam rip-stop", 100% polyester, water-repellent coating PA (polyacrylic), MILKY - polyurethane (PU) coating, density 240 g / m 2 ;

[0112] B1. Foamed polyethylene with a physically cross-linked molecular structure, coated with a metallized film based on polyethylene terephthalate (lavsan) on one side, manufacturer Izhevsk Plastics Plant (OJSC IZP), Russia, thickness 3 mm (trade mark ISOLON 500 LM (Izolon) type "A");

[0113] B2. Roll neoprene (foamed polychloroprene rubber), trademark "CMCYILING", made in China, thickness 2.5 mm, supplemented on one side with a layer of reflective coating - a metallized film based on polyethylene (PET);

[0114] B. Flexible flat graphene heating element with USB port, 0.3cm thick, rated for 5W (manufacturer Yuemi, China);

[0115] G. Omni-Heat foil lining fabric, density 60 g / m 2 , 100% polyester, with aluminum foil applied in the form of circles.

[0116] Example 15

[0117] A. Oxford weave fabric, 100% polyester, 600D density, PVC;

[0118] B1. Physically cross-linked polyethylene foam, manufacturer OOO RUSSFOM, trademark Penolon PPE-R, thickness 2.5 mm, supplemented on one side with a layer of reflective coating glued - a multilayer combined material based on aluminum foil and PETF film AEROFLEX ALU, manufacturer OOO Teploizolyatsiya Perm;

[0119] B2. Foamed ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), made in China, 3 mm thick, with a reflective coating layer glued on one side - a metallized aluminum film based on lavsan;

[0120] B. Flexible flat graphene heating element with USB port, 0.3cm thick, rated for 5W (manufacturer Yuemi, China);

[0121] G. Taffeta lining fabric, foil-coated, density 65 g / m 2 , 100% polyester with aluminum foil applied in small circles.

[0122] Example 16

[0123] A. Cordura fabric, 100% nylon, density 500D (manufacturer INVISTA, USA, trademark CORDURA), water-repellent impregnation with a protective coating of 2000 mm / DWR (Durable Water Repellent) + PU;

[0124] B1. Chemically cross-linked foamed polyethylene, manufacturer RUSSFOM LLC, trademark Penolon PPE, thickness 4 mm, supplemented on one side with a layer of reflective coating - a metallized aluminum film based on lavsan;

[0125] B2. Waterproof reinforced tarpaulin, GOST 15530-93, composition: cotton and linen, density 575 g / m 2 , folded and stitched in 3 layers, supplemented on one side with a layer of reflective coating glued on it - a metallized aluminum film based on lavsan;

[0126] B. Flexible flat graphene heating element with USB port, 0.3cm thick, rated for 5W (manufacturer Yuemi, China);

[0127] G. Lining fabric "Gamma" foil, density 65 g / m2 , 100% polyester with aluminum foil applied in squares.

[0128] Example 17

[0129] A. Oxford weave fabric, 100% polyester, 400D density, PU;

[0130] B1. Chemically cross-linked foamed polyethylene, manufacturer OOO StroyBiznesAlliance, trademark Izofom PPE, thickness 4 mm, supplemented on one side with a layer of reflective coating - metallized biaxially oriented polypropylene film (BOPP), thickness 24 μm;

[0131] B2. Felt, composition: 70% polyamide, 30% viscose, density: 200 g / cm 3 , folded and stitched in 3 layers, supplemented on one side with a layer of reflective coating glued on it - a metallized aluminum film based on lavsan;

[0132] B. Flexible flat electric heating element with USB port, rated for 5W, 0.5 cm thick, HotWalker brand (manufacturer: Industrial Development and Supply Group LLC, Russia);

[0133] G. Reflective fabric "Mylar D600" Oxford weave, density 600D, 100% polyester, metallized lavsan (Mylar) with aluminum coating.

[0134] Example 18

[0135] A. Fabric "Duspo-Fleece Multicam rip-stop", 100% polyester, water-repellent coating PA (polyacrylic), MILKY - polyurethane (PU) coating, density 240 g / m 2 ;

[0136] B1. Foamed polyethylene with a physically cross-linked molecular structure, coated with a metallized film based on polyethylene terephthalate (lavsan) on one side, manufacturer Izhevsk Plastics Plant (OJSC IZP), Russia, thickness 2 mm (trade mark ISOLON 500 LM (Izolon) type "A");

[0137] B2. Technical semi-coarse wool felt GOST 6308-71, thickness 3 mm, density 0.34 g / cm 3 , 100% sheep wool, supplemented on one side with a layer of reflective coating - a metallized aluminum film based on lavsan;

[0138] B. Flexible flat electric heating element with USB port, rated for 7.4 W, 0.5 cm thick, Hot Walker brand (manufacturer: Industrial Development and Supply Group LLC, Russia);

[0139] G. Omni-Heat foil lining fabric, density 60 g / m 2 , 100% polyester, with aluminum foil applied in the form of circles.

[0140] Example 19

[0141] A. Fabric "Duspo-Fleece Multicam rip-stop", 100% polyester, water-repellent coating PA (polyacrylic), MILKY - polyurethane (PU) coating, density 240 g / m 2 ;

[0142] B1. Foamed polyethylene with a physically cross-linked molecular structure, coated with a metallized film based on polyethylene terephthalate (lavsan) on one side, manufacturer Izhevsk Plastics Plant (OJSC IZP), Russia, thickness 4 mm (trade mark ISOLON 500 LM (Izolon) type "A");

[0143] B2. Fabric "Duspo-Fleece Multicam rip-stop", 100% polyester, density 220 g / m2 , folded and stitched in 4 layers, supplemented on one side with a layer of reflective coating - a metallized aluminum film based on lavsan;

[0144] B. Flexible flat graphene heating element with USB port, 0.3cm thick, rated for 5W (manufacturer Yuemi, China);

[0145] G. Taffeta lining fabric, foil-coated, density 65 g / m 2 , 100% polyester with aluminum foil applied in small circles.

[0146] Example of use of the invention

[0147] An experiment was conducted with a prototype case manufactured according to the second embodiment of the invention as described in Example 8. The reservoir of the EDGun Leshy 2 air rifle was placed in the proposed thermal insulating case. One thermometer sensor was attached to the reservoir body, and the second sensor was installed in the compressed air inlet. Both sensors recorded a temperature of +20.9°C before the experiment. The air pressure inside the reservoir (pre-reducer pressure) was determined using a built-in manometer: 230 bar, while in the space behind the reducer (post-reducer pressure) it was 133 bar. A flexible flat graphene electric heating element was powered via a USB port from a portable power source (Power Bank). The reservoir in the case was then placed in a freezer with a temperature of -20°C, with the temperature inside the chamber constantly monitored throughout the experiment and continuous video recording. After 30 minutes, the tank was removed from the freezer.The temperature in the reservoir body was +21.9°C, and at the compressed air inlet, +20.2°C. Air pressure inside the reservoir remained at 230 bar, and in the space behind the gearbox, at 132 bar. Thus, the experiment confirmed the stated technical result: maintaining a constant temperature and, consequently, constant gas pressure in the reservoir of the PCP air rifle when used in low-temperature conditions.

[0148] Sources of information

[0149] 1. What is a PCP rifle, its design and features. URL: https: / / kruger-gun.ru / blog / 202 l / 07 / 22 / pcp_vintovka_konstrukciya_i_osobennosti / (accessed: 16.04.2024).

[0150] 2. What is a PCP rifle, its design and features. URL: https: / / www.huntworld.ru / blog / pcp-vintovki-chto-eto-takoe-konstruktsiya-i-osobennosti / (accessed: 16.04.2024).

[0151] 3. Pneumatic weapons https: / / guns.club / lib / oruzhie / pnevmaticheskoe-oruzhie / (accessed: 04 / 30 / 2024).

[0152] 4. MP 512 case / synthetic fabric. URL: https: / / holster-ltd.ru / catalog / keysy_i_chekhly / chekhly_pod_oruzhie / 26092 / ?oid=35555 (accessed: 25.04.2024).

[0153] 5. Air rifle case with a pocket (1200 mm × 250 mm). URL: https: / / kalashnikov.market / product / KK3201 / chexol-dlya-pnevmaticheskoj-vintovki-s-karmanom-1200-mmx250-mm (accessed: 22.04.2024).

[0154] 6. GAMO Black and Red Case. URL: https: / / gamorussia.ru / chexol-gamo-black-and-red (accessed: 23.04.2024).

[0155] 7. Gamo Funda SEMI HARD case, 120 cm, khaki, with optics. URL: https: / / www.airgunstore.ru / chekhly / gamo_funda_120sm_semi_hard_zelenyy_ref6212378 / (date of access: 04 / 22 / 2024).

[0156] 8. Baikal B-1 case for smoothbore disassemblable weapons (850×250 mm). URL: https: / / gunsnab.ru / chehol-baykal-b-1-pod-gladkostvolnoe-razbornoe-oruzhie-850h250mm.html (date of access: 29.04.2024).

[0157] 9. Case 125 with optics (foam rubber, cordura). URL: https: / / www.diada-arms.ru / catalog / kobury_chekhly_keysy / keysy-dlya-vint / keys_s_optikoy_porolon_kordura_8789003045 / (accessed: 04 / 26 / 2024). Cases and covers for rifles of the Holster brand. URL: https: / / www.diada-airns.ru / catalog / kobury_chekhly_keysy / keysy-dlya-vint / filter / brand_keysy_f-is-8f6f01eab92e07e832a63465332b2a68 / apply / (accessed: 04 / 26 / 2024).

[0158] 10. For MP-512 with or without optics, the case length is 116 cm (K-32). Model: K-32. URL: https: / / pfvektor.com / index.php?route=product / product&path=68&product_id=176 (accessed: 04 / 27 / 2024).

[0159] 11. Remington gun case b / o 123×15×30×6 (green). URL: https: / / www.diada-arms.ru / catalog / kobury_chekhly_keysy / 125sm / remington-bo-123khl5kh30kh6 / (accessed: 04 / 24 / 2024). Remington gun case b / o 113×15×29×6. URL: https: / / remingtonsw.ru / catalog / chekhly-keysy-dlya-oruzhiya / product / chekhol-oruzheynyy-remington-bo-123kh15kh30kh6 / (accessed: 04 / 24 / 2024).

[0160] 12. Holster gun covers. URL: https: / / holster-ltd.ru / catalog / keysy_i_chekhly / keysy_pod_oruzhie / keys_135 / 26251 / (accessed: 28.04.2024).

[0161] 13. Manankov V.M. Reflective thermal insulation in energy-saving construction / / Bulletin of MGSU. 2011. No. 3-1. URL: https: / / cyberleninka.ru / arti cle / n / otrazhayuschaya-teploizolyatsiya-v-energosberegayuschem-stroitelstve-1 (date of access: 02.05.2024).

[0162] 14. Gaponenko S.O., Fazliev R.A., Kalinina M.V. Method for increasing the efficiency of thermal insulation of pipelines of heat supply systems by using a reflective element / / Bulletin of KGEU. 2021. No. 1 (49). URL: https: / / cyberleninka.ru / article / n / metod-povysheniya-effektivnosti-teplovoy-izolyatsii-truboprovodov-sistem-teplosnabzheniya-putem-primeneniya-otrazhayuschego (date of access: 02.05.2024).

[0163] 15. Tauseinev E.M., Kokh K.V., Svistula A.E., German E.A. Selection of materials for thermal insulation of tractor diesel fuel lines / / Polzunovsky Bulletin. 2014. No. 4-1. URL: https: / / cyberleninka.ru / article / n / vybor-materialov-dlya-teploizolirovaniya-toplivoprovodov-traktornogo-dizelya (date of access: 02.05.2024).

[0164] 16. Bugaevskaya S.A., Ryzhkov A.V., Aistov V.A. Application of the modern promising material Izofom in construction practice / / Construction materials. 2017. No. 6. P. 42-45. URL: https: / / sba-msk.rn / catalog / bugaevskaya_199.pdf (date of access: 02.12.2024).

[0165] 17. What is the difference between NPE, PPE, and PPE-R materials? URL: http: / / www.intem-pena.ru / faq / index / 4.html (accessed: 07.12.2024).

[0166] 18. Columbia's Omni-Heat Technology: What's Fact and What's Fiction. URL: https: / / sundukshop.wordpress.com / 2013 / 12 / 20 / omni-heat-columbia / (accessed: 04.05.2024).

Claims

1. A thermal insulation cover for pneumatic PCP rifles, the outer layer of which is made of fabric, additionally having a coating that ensures the waterproofness of the fabric, under the outer layer there is a layer made of cross-linked foamed polyethylene, having a reflective coating on both sides, under this layer there is a flexible flat electric heating element, and on the inside, adjacent to the rifle placed in the cover, there is a layer made of fabric with a reflective coating.

2. A heat-insulating cover for pneumatic PCP rifles, the outer layer of which is made of fabric, additionally having a coating that ensures the waterproofness of the fabric, under the outer layer there is a layer made of cross-linked foamed polyethylene, having a reflective coating on one side, and the reflective coating on the cross-linked foamed polyethylene faces the outer layer of the cover, under the layer of cross-linked foamed polyethylene there is a layer of additional heat-insulating material, having a reflective coating on one side, and the reflective coating on the additional heat-insulating material faces the inner side of the cover, under the layer of additional heat-insulating material there is a flexible flat electric heating element, and on the inner side adjacent to the rifle placed in the cover there is a layer made of fabric with a reflective coating.

Images