Damper for a fitting for the movable mounting of a pivoting element or a pull-out element

Abstract

The invention relates to a damper (9) for a fitting (4) for movably mounting a pivoting element (3) or a pull-out element, in particular for movably mounting a furniture part (3a), a window, or a door, relative to a stationary support (2), comprising: a damper housing (10), at least one fluid chamber (25) which is arranged in the damper housing (10), a damping fluid which is arranged in the fluid chamber (25), at least one piston (17) which is movably mounted in the fluid chamber (25), and at least one seal element (18), preferably an annular seal element, which has at least one first section (18a) that rests or can rest against an inner wall (10a) of the fluid chamber (25), said at least one seal element (18) having at least one second section (18b), preferably a substantially annular second section, which is arranged at a distance to the inner wall (10a) of the fluid chamber (25) and which can be moved, preferably pivoted, tilted, and / or radially extended, relative to the first section (18a) that rests or can rest against the inner wall (10a) of the fluid chamber (25) when a damping stroke is carried out above a specified threshold of a pressure applied to the piston (17).

Description

[0001] Damper for a fitting for the movable mounting of a pivoting element or an extension element

[0002] The present invention relates to a damper for a fitting for the movable mounting of a pivoting element or a pull-out element, in particular for the movable mounting of a furniture part, a window or a door, relative to a stationary support, comprising:

[0003] - a damper housing,

[0004] - at least one fluid chamber arranged in the damper housing,

[0005] - a damping fluid arranged in the fluid chamber,

[0006] - at least one piston movably mounted in the fluid chamber,

[0007] - at least one, preferably annular, sealing element, which at least with a first portion rests or can be placed against an inner wall of the fluid chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the invention relates to a fitting with at least one damper of the type to be described, wherein the fitting is designed in particular as a hinge, as a furniture drive or as a drawer pull-out guide for moving a movable furniture part.

[0009] Such dampers are used, for example, to dampen the movement of pivoting elements or pull-out elements (e.g. drawers, doors, flaps or windows) or of movably mounted furniture fittings, so that loud slamming and damage to the pivoting elements or pull-out elements is prevented. The damping effect of a damper is generated by the flow resistance of a damping fluid located in a damper housing. When pressure is applied, the piston is displaced within the fluid chamber, with the damping fluid flowing from the high pressure side to the low pressure side through piston openings and / or through a gap formed between the piston and an inner wall of the fluid chamber and / or through at least one groove arranged on an inner wall of the fluid chamber.

[0010] If the piston is subjected to excessive pressure, for example due to misuse, this can lead to what is known as damper bounce. In such an overload case, the damping fluid can no longer flow sufficiently through or past the piston. The increased pressure can then no longer be dissipated by the damper, so that the piston and the attached piston rod abruptly stop or spring back. In extreme cases, the damper housing can burst due to the increased pressure and the hydraulic damping fluid can escape from the damper housing.

[0011] AT 10 342 U1 shows a furniture damper with a cylinder and a piston that can be moved inside the cylinder, the piston having at least one overload opening for the passage of a damping fluid. In addition, a closure element that can be moved relative to the piston and by means of which the overload opening of the piston can be closed at the start of the damping stroke is provided. During normal operation, the damping fluid can only flow through an annular gap formed between the piston and an inner wall of the cylinder. As the pressure increases, the closure element is expanded radially, so that the annular gap is reduced and the flow resistance for the piston is increased. In the event of an overload, the closure element can be expanded radially until the overload opening of the piston is released and a rapid reduction in pressure in the cylinder is brought about.

[0012] A disadvantage of AT 10 342 Ul is that the ring-shaped closure element has a material cross-section which defines both the expansion properties and the rigidity of the closure element. If the material of the closure element is too soft, the closure element can contact the inner wall of the cylinder sufficiently, but the overload opening of the piston will then open too quickly. If the material of the closure element is too hard, the closure element only contacts the inner wall of the cylinder to an insufficient extent, and the overload opening of the piston opens too late. A further disadvantage is that any manufacturing tolerances which occur on the inner wall of the cylinder and in the area of ​​the overload opening can only be inadequately compensated for by the ring-shaped closure element. Overall, the application range of the damper is limited.

[0013] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a damper of the type mentioned above while avoiding the disadvantages discussed above. This is achieved according to the invention by the features of patent claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments of the present invention are defined in the dependent claims.

[0014] According to the invention, it is provided that the at least one sealing element has at least one, preferably substantially annular, second section which is spaced from the inner wall of the fluid chamber and which, when a damping stroke is carried out above a predetermined threshold value of a pressure application to the piston, is movable, preferably pivotable, tiltable and / or radially expandable, relative to the first section which is in contact or can be placed on the inner wall of the fluid chamber.

[0015] In other words, the at least one sealing element has a first section, wherein the first section rests against an inner wall of the fluid chamber for sealing the fluid chamber or can be placed against an inner wall of the fluid chamber when a damping stroke is carried out.

[0016] The sealing element further comprises a second section which is movable, pivotable, tiltable and / or radially expandable relative to the first section above a predetermined threshold value of pressure applied to the piston.

[0017] According to one embodiment, it can be provided that the second section of the at least one sealing element is pivotable, tiltable and / or radially expandable in the direction of the inner wall of the fluid chamber above the predetermined threshold value of the pressure applied to the piston, wherein at least one overload channel, preferably arranged in the piston, can be opened.

[0018] The at least one overload channel, which is preferably arranged in the at least one piston, can be covered by the second section of the at least one sealing element when a damping stroke is carried out below the predetermined threshold value of the pressure applied to the piston and can be at least partially opened by the second section of the at least one sealing element above the predetermined threshold value of the pressure applied to the piston.

[0019] Further details and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the figures.

[0020] Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a piece of furniture with a swivel element and fittings for the movable mounting of the swivel element,

[0021] Fig. 2a, 2b show perspective views of a fitting with a damper in a separated state and in a connected state,

[0022] Fig. 3a-3c show the damper in different views and in two different operating positions of the sealing element,

[0023] Fig. 4a-4d show the damper in an exploded view and the piston arrangement in different views,

[0024] Fig. 5a-5c show the damper in a cross-section as well as enlarged detailed views with the sealing element in a normal state and in an overload state. Fig. 6a-6c show various embodiments of fittings with a damper.

[0025] Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a piece of furniture 1 with a stationary support 2 (for example in the form of a furniture body 2a), a movable pivoting element 3 or pull-out element (for example in the form of a movable furniture part 3a) and at least one fitting 4 (for example in the form of hinges 4a) for the movable mounting of the pivoting element 3 or pull-out element relative to the stationary support 2.

[0026] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the fittings 4 have a first fitting part 5 for fastening to the stationary support 2 and a second fitting part 6 for fastening to the pivoting element 3 or extension element, wherein the first fitting part 5 and the second fitting part 6 are connected to one another in an articulated manner.

[0027] The fitting 4 has at least one damper 9 (not visible here), by which a relative movement of the two fitting parts 5, 6 to one another can be damped. The damper 9 can dampen a closing movement and / or an opening movement of the pivoting element 3 or extension element up to the fully closed end position and / or fully opened end position relative to the stationary support 2.

[0028] Fig. 2a shows the fitting 4 in the form of a hinge 4a for the movable mounting of the pivoting element 3 relative to the stationary support 2. The fitting 4 comprises a first fitting part 5 for attachment to the stationary support 2 and a second fitting part 6 for attachment to the pivoting element 3, wherein the two fitting parts 5, 6 are pivotally connected to one another via at least one articulated lever 7, preferably at least two articulated levers 7.

[0029] According to one embodiment, it can be provided that the first fitting part 5 has a hinge arm and / or that the second fitting part 6 has a hinge cup.

[0030] The fitting 4 has at least one damper 9, by which a relative movement of the two fitting parts 5, 6 to one another can be damped. The at least one damper 9 comprises a, for example, cylindrical, damper housing 10, wherein a piston rod 12 is mounted displaceably relative to the damper housing 10.

[0031] The second fitting part 6 has a hole 14 , wherein the piston rod 12 of the damper 9 is guided through the hole 14 in an assembled state.

[0032] In the illustrated embodiment, the damper 9 can be arranged via at least one fastening point 13 on an outer side of the second fitting part 6. In an assembled state, the damper 9 is arranged below a fastening flange 15 of the second fitting part 6, wherein the second fitting part 6, together with the damper 9, can be arranged in regions within a single cylindrical bore of the pivot element 3. Fig. 2b shows the fitting 4 in the form of the hinge 4a according to Fig. 2a with the damper 9 in an assembled state.

[0033] Fig. 3a shows the damper 9 in a perspective cross-section. The damper 9 comprises a damper housing 10, at least one fluid chamber 25 arranged in the damper housing 10, a damping fluid arranged in the fluid chamber 25, at least one piston 17 displaceably mounted in the fluid chamber 25, and at least one, preferably annular, sealing element 18, which bears or can be placed against an inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber 25 with at least a first portion 18a.

[0034] The damping fluid may contain a hydraulic damping fluid (e.g. silicone oil) and optionally solid particles.

[0035] Furthermore, the sealing element 18 has at least one, preferably substantially annular, second section 18b, which in normal operation of the damper 9 (ie below a predetermined threshold value of a pressure application to the piston 17) is spaced from the inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber 25, preferably forming a gap 22 (Fig. 3b).

[0036] The piston 17 has at least one overload channel 23, which is closed by the second section 18b of the sealing element 18 during normal operation of the damper 9 (i.e., below a predetermined threshold value of pressure applied to the piston 17). The overload channel 23 can have at least one passage 23a arranged in the piston 17, preferably a plurality of passages 23a.

[0037] The damper 9 has at least one return channel 24 which can be opened upon movement of the piston 17 in a direction opposite to the damping stroke. For example, it can be provided that

[0038] - the at least one sealing element 18 is movable relative to the at least one piston 17, wherein the at least one sealing element 18 closes the return channel 24 in a first relative position to the piston 17 and opens the return channel 24 in a second relative position to the piston 17, and / or

[0039] - the return channel 24 comprises at least one recess 24a arranged in the piston 17, preferably a plurality of recesses 24a, particularly preferably wherein the at least one recess 24a is arranged on a peripheral edge of the piston 17, and / or

[0040] - the return channel 24 comprises an axial gap 34 (Fig. 5b) between the at least one piston 17 and the at least one sealing element 18, preferably wherein a size of the axial gap (34) is variable upon movement of the piston (17) in a direction opposite to the damping stroke.

[0041] The damper 9 further comprises a return spring 19 (for example a compression spring designed as a helical spring), by means of which the piston 17 can be at least partially returned to an initial position after a damping stroke has taken place. The return spring 19 can be supported on an end surface 21 of the fluid chamber 25 and presses the piston 17 in a direction opposite to the

[0042] Damping stroke .

[0043] Furthermore, the damper 9 has at least one volume compensation device 20, by means of which a volume of the damping fluid that can be displaced by the piston rod 12 when it is immersed in the fluid chamber 25 can be compensated.

[0044] The fluid chamber 25 can be closed by a closure element 16.

[0045] Fig. 3b shows the damper 9 according to Fig. 3a in a cross-section, wherein the sealing element 18 is in a resting state. The sealing element 18 has a first section 18a, which rests or can be placed against the inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber 25. A second section 18b of the sealing element 18 is spaced from the inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber 25, forming a gap 22.

[0046] The first section 18a and the at least one second section 18b of the sealing element 18 are spaced apart from one another in a longitudinal direction (L) of the damper housing 10.

[0047] The first section 18a and the at least one second section 18b of the sealing element 18 essentially form a Z-shape in a longitudinal section and at least in a resting state of the damper 9. The sealing element 18 can be formed, for example, from a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE).

[0048] In the exemplary embodiment shown, the first section 18a and the second section 18b of the sealing element 18 are formed integrally and are movably connected to one another, for example via a film hinge.

[0049] In principle, however, it would also be conceivable that the two sections 18a, 18b of the sealing element 18 could be designed as separate

[0050] Components, in particular made of different materials, are formed.

[0051] The damper 9 has at least one flow channel 27, which is preferably arranged on the inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber 25, wherein the damping fluid flows through the flow channel 27 when a damping stroke is carried out.

[0052] According to preferred embodiments, it can be provided that the at least one volume compensation device 20

[0053] - has at least one seal 20a, by means of which the fluid chamber 25 can be sealed against the piston rod 12 and / or against an inner wall 10a of the damper housing 10, and / or

[0054] - has at least one support element 20b, through which the at least one seal 20a can be guided in the damper housing 10, and / or - has at least one spring element 20c, by means of which the at least one seal 20a can be at least partially reset to an initial position after a damping stroke has taken place.

[0055] According to a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the at least one spring element 20c is combined in one piece with the at least one seal 20a and / or in one piece with the at least one support element 20b to form a common compensation part 33.

[0056] Fig. 3c shows the damper 9 in an overload situation, i.e. a damping stroke takes place with a pressure load on the piston 17 above a predetermined threshold value. In such an overload situation, the second section 18b can be bent, tilted and / or radially expanded relative to the first section 18a of the sealing element 18 in a direction towards the inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber 25. In this way, the gap 22 formed between the sealing element 18 and the inner wall 10a can be reduced and the overload channel 23 of the piston 17 can be opened at least partially. This allows a larger quantity of the damping fluid to flow from the high pressure side to the low pressure side of the damper 9, so that the increased pressure of the damping fluid is reduced in the overload situation.

[0057] Fig. 4a shows the damper 9 in an exploded view. The damper housing 10 has at least one fluid chamber 25 for the displaceable mounting of the piston 17. After a damping stroke, the piston 17 can be at least partially returned to an initial position by a force of the return spring 19. A limiting element 26 is to be fastened to the piston 17, wherein the sealing element 18, in an assembled state, is mounted between the limiting element 26 and the piston 17 so that it can be moved to a limited extent. In this way, the sealing element 18 can be spaced a greater distance from the recesses 24a of the piston 17 during the return by the return spring 19. This allows a greater quantity of damping fluid to flow from the high-pressure side to the low-pressure side when the piston rod 12 is returned, and a rapid return of the piston rod 12 to an initial position can be brought about.

[0058] The sealing element 18 can be rotationally symmetrical, wherein the first section 18a has a larger diameter than the second section 18b.

[0059] Fig. 4b shows the damper 9, with the damper housing 10 not shown for the purpose of improved clarity. The sealing element 18 with the first section 18a and the second section 18b is displaceable to a limited extent in the axial direction between the piston 17 and the limiting element 26.

[0060] The piston 17 has at least one return channel 24 with at least one recess 24a, preferably with a plurality of recesses 24a. According to one exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that the at least one recess 24 is arranged on a circumferential edge of the piston 17. Fig. 4c shows the damper 9 according to Fig. 4b, wherein the sealing element 18 is not shown for the purpose of a better overview. In this figure, the overload channels 23 of the piston 17 are clearly visible, wherein the overload channels 23 comprise at least one passage 23a arranged in the piston 17, preferably a plurality of passages 23a. For example, it can be provided that the at least one passage 23a is arranged on a circumferential edge of the piston 17.

[0061] Fig. 4d shows a partial area of ​​the piston 17 in a perspective view. The piston 17 has at least one axial channel 36, preferably a plurality of axial channels 36, for the passage of the damping fluid. The axial channels 36 form part of the return channel 24, through which a larger quantity of damping fluid can pass from a first side of the piston 17 to a second side during the return stroke.

[0062] The at least one axial channel 36 can extend parallel, conically, or radially to the longitudinal direction (L) of the damper housing 10. For example, the piston 17 can have a plurality of axial channels 36, which are arranged, preferably symmetrically, on a circumferential edge of the piston 17.

[0063] In the illustrated embodiment, the piston 17 has a plurality of passages 23a, which can be arranged symmetrically on a circumferential edge of the piston 17. When a damping stroke is executed, the passages 23a can be covered by the second section 18b of the sealing element 18 below a predetermined threshold value for pressure application to the piston 17, and can be opened by the second section 18b of the sealing element 18 above the predetermined threshold value for pressure application to the piston 17.

[0064] Particularly preferably, exactly three passages 23a are provided, which are arranged offset by 120° on the peripheral edge of the piston 17.

[0065] In the embodiment shown, the piston 17 has at least one disc element 35 on which the at least one sealing element 18 can be supported at least during one execution of the damping stroke.

[0066] Fig. 5a shows the damper 9 in a cross-section, wherein the sealing element 18 with the two sections 18a, 18b can be seen. The first section 18a of the sealing element 18 rests against the inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber 25 or can be placed against the inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber during the execution of a damping stroke. The second section 18b of the sealing element 18 is spaced from the inner wall 10a during normal operation, forming a gap 22.

[0067] The damper 9 has at least one flow channel 27, which is preferably arranged on the inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber 25, wherein the damping fluid flows through the flow channel 27 when a damping stroke is carried out. Two or more flow channels 27 arranged on the inner wall 10a can also be provided. The at least one flow channel 27 can be designed as an elongated groove. According to one exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that a cross section of the at least one flow channel 27 changes in the direction of the damping stroke, preferably continuously decreases.

[0068] Fig. 5b shows the area circled in Fig. 5a in an enlarged view. When the piston 17 is moved below a predetermined threshold value, the overload channel 23 with the passage 23a is closed by the second section 18b of the sealing element 18. During such normal operation, the damping fluid flows, preferably exclusively, through the at least one flow channel 27.

[0069] An axial gap 34 can be seen arranged between the piston 17 and the limiting element 26a, through which the sealing element 18 is movably mounted relative to the piston 17. Upon movement of the piston 17 in a direction opposite to the damping stroke, the sealing element 18 can be applied to the limiting element 26, whereby the size of the gap 34 can be changed, thus allowing a larger quantity of damping fluid to flow from one side of the piston 17 to the other side when the piston rod 12 is returned.

[0070] Fig. 5c shows the overload situation, whereby the piston 17 is moved with a pressure above a predetermined threshold value. By bending or tilting the second section 18b relative to the first section 18a, the radial gap 22 formed between the piston 17 and the inner wall 10a can be reduced, whereby the overload channel 23 with the passage 23a is opened by the second section 18b of the sealing element 18. In the event of an overload, the damping fluid can therefore flow along the arrow shown from the high-pressure side to the low-pressure side.

[0071] Fig. 6a-6c show various fittings 4 for the movable mounting of a movable furniture part 3a.

[0072] Fig. 6a shows a fitting 4 in the form of a hinge 4a, which has a first fitting part 5 for attachment to the stationary support 2 and a second fitting part 6 for attachment to the movable furniture part 3a. The first fitting part 5 and the second fitting part 6 are pivotally connected to one another by at least one articulated lever 7, preferably at least two articulated levers 7. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the damper 9 with the damper housing 10 is placed on the first fitting part 5, the damper housing 10 being pressed in by the second fitting part 6 relative to the stationary piston rod 12 towards the end of the closing movement of the hinge 4a, and the closing movement of the hinge 4a can thus be damped.

[0073] Fig. 6b shows a fitting 4 in the form of a furniture drive 4b for moving a movable furniture part 3a. The furniture drive 4b comprises a base body 28 for attachment to the stationary support 2 (for example to the furniture body 2a), an actuating arm arrangement 29 arranged on the base body 28 and connectable to the movable furniture part 3a for moving the movable furniture part 3a and a force accumulator 30 for applying force to the actuating arm arrangement 29. The damper housing 10 of the damper 9 can be pressed in towards the end of the closing movement by a pivotable actuating arm 29a of the actuating arm arrangement 29 relative to the stationary piston rod 12, wherein the closing movement of the actuating arm arrangement 29 can be damped.

[0074] Fig. 6c shows a fitting 4 in the form of a drawer pull-out guide 4c for moving a drawer relative to the furniture body 2. The drawer pull-out guide 4c comprises at least two guide rails 31, 32 that can be displaced relative to one another, wherein a movement of a guide rail 31, 32 towards the end of the closing movement can be dampened by the damper 9 with the damper housing 10.

Claims

Claims for a damper (9) for a fitting (4) for the movable mounting of a pivoting element (3) or an extension element, in particular for the movable mounting of a furniture part (3a), a window or a door, relative to a stationary support (2), comprising: - a damper housing (10) , - at least one fluid chamber (25) arranged in the damper housing (10) , - a damping fluid arranged in the fluid chamber (25), - at least one piston (17) which is slidably mounted in the fluid chamber (25) , - at least one, preferably annular, sealing element (18) which bears against or can be applied to an inner wall (10a) of the fluid chamber (25) with at least a first section (18a), characterized in that the at least one sealing element (18) has at least one, preferably substantially annular, second section (18b) which is spaced apart from the inner wall (10a) of the fluid chamber (25) and which, in an embodiment of a damping stroke above a predetermined threshold of pressure being applied to the piston (17), is movable relative to the first section (18a) which bears against or can be applied to the inner wall (10a) of the fluid chamber (25), preferably pivotable, tiltable and / or radially extendable. Damper (9) according to claim 1, wherein at least one overload channel (23), which is preferably arranged in the at least one piston (17), is provided, wherein the at least one overload channel (23) is covered by the second section (18b) of the at least one sealing element (18) when the damping stroke is below the predetermined threshold of pressure on the piston (17) and is at least partially open above the predetermined threshold of pressure on the piston (17). Damper (9) according to claim 2, wherein the overload channel (23) comprises at least one passage (23a) arranged in the piston (17), preferably several passages (23a), preferably wherein the at least one passage (23a) is arranged on a circumferential edge of the piston (17).Damper (9) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first section (18a) and the at least one second section (18b) of the sealing element (18) are spaced apart from each other in a longitudinal direction (L) of the damper housing (10) and / or that the first section (18a) and the at least one second section (18b) of the sealing element (18) are formed integrally. Damper (9) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least one flow channel (27) is provided, which is preferably arranged on the inner wall (10a) of the fluid chamber (25). wherein the damping fluid flows through the flow channel (27) during a damping stroke. Damper (9) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the at least one sealing element (18) is preferably axially displaceable on the at least one piston (17). Damper (9) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least one return channel (24) is provided which can be opened when the piston (17) moves in a direction opposite to the damping stroke. Damper (9) according to claim 7, wherein - that at least one sealing element (18) is movable relative to at least one piston (17), wherein the at least one sealing element (18) closes the return channel (24) in a first relative position to the piston (17) and opens the return channel (24) in a second relative position to the piston (17), and / or - the return channel (24) comprises at least one recess (24a) arranged in the piston (17), preferably several recesses (24a), particularly preferably wherein the at least one recess (24a) is arranged on a circumferential edge of the piston (17), and / or - the return channel (24) comprises an axial gap (34) between the at least one piston (17) and the at least one sealing element (18), preferably wherein the size of the axial gap (34) changes during a movement of the piston (17) can be changed in a direction opposite to the damping stroke.

9. Damper (9) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the at least one piston (17) has at least one axial channel (36), preferably several axial channels (36), for the passage of the damping fluid.

10. Damper (9) according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the at least one piston (17) has at least one disk element (35) on which the at least one sealing element (18) can be supported at least in one embodiment of the damping stroke.

11. Damper (9) according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first section (18a) and the at least one second section (18b) of the sealing element (18) form a substantially Z-shape in a longitudinal section and at least in a rest state of the damper (9).

12. Damper (9) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the damper has a volume compensation device (20) by which a volume of the damping fluid displaceable by the piston rod (12) when immersing it in the fluid chamber (25) can be compensated, preferably wherein the Volume compensation device (20) - has at least one seal (20a) through which the fluid chamber (25) is separated from the piston rod (12) and / or is sealable against an inner wall (10a) of the damper housing (10), and / or - has at least one support element (20b) through which the at least one seal (20a) can be guided in the damper housing (10), and / or - has at least one spring element (20c) by which the at least one seal (20a) can be at least partially returned to a starting position after a damping stroke has taken place.

13. Damper (9) according to claim 12, wherein the at least one spring element (20c) is integrally combined with the at least one seal (20a) and / or integrally combined with the at least one support element (20b) to form a common compensation part (33), preferably wherein the sealing element (18), the piston (17) and the compensation part (33) are arranged in an axial direction on a piston rod (12) connected to the piston (17).

14. Damper (9) according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the damper has a return spring (19) for returning the at least one piston (17), preferably wherein the return spring (19) can be supported on an end surface (21) of the fluid chamber (25).

15. Fitting (4) for the movable mounting of a pivoting element (3) or an extension element, in particular for the movable storage of a piece of furniture (3a), a window or a door, relative to a stationary support (2), wherein the 24 Fitting (4) has at least one damper (9) according to one of claims 1 to 14, preferably wherein the fitting (4) is designed as a hinge (4a), as a furniture drive (4b) or as a drawer extension guide (4c) for moving a movable furniture part (3a).