The mesh is used with lead-acid batteries and lead-acid batteries.

Abstract

The grid is used with lead-acid batteries, between the number of bars (L1) of the tines in one (320) that are directed The page goes to the side of the first vertex (A11) from the position of the first vertex (C1) to the position... Separated by a length equal to the first threshold length and the number of bars (M1) of the first row (320) connected to the whole. Two of the spokes in the second specific (310V) with the side part of the first peak (A11) of the first frame spoke (210L) with The number of bars (P1) of the second inner bar (310) heading toward the first apex lateral section (A21) from position From the first apex (C1) to the position separated by a distance equal to the length of the first threshold and the number of bars. (Q1) of the second inner tooth (310) which is connected to both of the first inner tooth (320V) specifically to the side section. At the first apex (A21) of the second rib (220D), the following relationship formula is true: (M1 / L1)>(Q1 / P1). The image chosen is image number 4.

Description

Grid body for lead-acid battery and lead-acid battery

[0001] The technology disclosed in this specification relates to a grid body for a lead-acid battery.

[0002] A lead-acid battery includes a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate (hereinafter also referred to as "electrode plate"), and a separator disposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate for electrically insulating the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate. Each electrode plate includes a grid body and an active material coated on the grid body. The grid body includes a frame composed of four sides and a grid frame disposed on the inner peripheral side of the frame and interconnected by a plurality of nodes (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-16499

[0004] For example, when a lead-acid battery is used for a long time, a phenomenon (hereinafter referred to as "growth of the inner bone") occurs in which the grid frame (hereinafter referred to as "inner bone") corrodes (for example, oxidative corrosion) and the inner bone extends along the axial direction of the inner bone. The inventor of the present application newly found that when this growth of the inner bone occurs, a phenomenon (hereinafter referred to as "deformation of the top") occurs in which the frame is deformed so that the top of the frame faces one side in a direction substantially orthogonal to the grid body. The top of the frame is a portion where adjacent frame bones among the four frame bones constituting the four sides of the frame are connected. That the top faces one side in a direction substantially orthogonal to the grid body means that the top is located on one side in a direction substantially orthogonal to the grid body rather than the peripheral portion of the top in each of the two frame bones sharing the top. When the deformation of the top occurs, the active material coated on the peripheral portion of the deformed top is likely to peel off. When the peeling of the active material occurs, for example, the corrosion of the grid body progresses at the location where the inner bone is exposed, and the strength of the grid body may be significantly reduced.

[0005] This specification discloses a technology capable of solving the above-described problems.

[0006] A grid for a lead-acid battery comprising: a rectangular frame including a first frame bone of length F1 extending in a first direction and a second frame bone of length F2 extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction and connected to the first frame bone at the first apex; and an inner part disposed on the inner circumference side of the frame, comprising a plurality of first inner bones extending toward the first frame bone and a plurality of second inner bones extending toward the second frame bone, wherein the first The number of first internal bones extending toward the first top portion of the first frame bone, which is the portion of the frame bone that is located from the position of the first top to a position that is shorter than both half of the length F1 and half of the length F2, and across at least three of the second internal bones, is L1 (where L1 is an integer of 2 or more), and the number of first internal bones located between the specific second internal bone closest to the first frame bone among the at least three of the second internal bones and the first top portion of the first frame bone, and connected to both the specific second internal bone and the first top portion of the first frame bone, is M1 (where M1 is an integer of 1 or more), and the number of first internal bones extending toward the first top portion of the second frame bone, which is the portion of the second frame bone that is located from the position of the first top to a position that is shorter than both half of the length F1 and half of the length F2, and across at least three of the second internal bones The number of internal bones is P1 (where P1 is an integer of 2 or more), and the number of second internal bones located between the specific first internal bone closest to the second frame bone among the at least three first internal bones and the first apical portion of the second frame bone, and connected to both the specific first internal bone and the first apical portion of the second frame bone, is Q1 (where Q1 is an integer of 1 or more and less than P1), and the following relationship holds: (M1 / L1) > (Q1 / P1) ... (1)

[0007] This is a perspective view showing the external configuration of the lead-acid battery 100 in this embodiment. This is an explanatory diagram showing the YZ cross-sectional configuration of the lead-acid battery 100 at position II-II in Figure 1. This is an explanatory diagram showing the YZ planar configuration of the grid 140 in this embodiment. This is an enlarged explanatory diagram showing the YZ planar configuration of the portion near the first apex C1 in the grid 140 in this embodiment. This is an enlarged explanatory diagram showing the YZ planar configuration of the portion near the second apex C2 in the grid 140 in this embodiment. This is an enlarged explanatory diagram showing the YZ planar configuration of the portion near the first apex C1 in the grid 140X of a comparative example. This is an enlarged explanatory diagram showing the YZ planar configuration of the portion near the first apex C1 in the grid 140A of the first modified example of this embodiment. This is an enlarged explanatory diagram showing the YZ planar configuration of the portion near the first apex C1 in the grid 140B of the second modified example of this embodiment. This is an enlarged explanatory diagram showing the YZ plane configuration of the vicinity of the first vertex C1 in the lattice body 140C of the third modified example of this embodiment. This is an enlarged explanatory diagram showing the YZ plane configuration of the vicinity of the first vertex C1 in the lattice body 140D of the fourth modified example of this embodiment. This is an enlarged explanatory diagram showing the YZ plane configuration of the vicinity of the first vertex C1 in the lattice body 140E of the fifth modified example of this embodiment.

[0008] The technologies disclosed herein can be implemented in the following forms:

[0009] As described above, when internal bone growth occurs, deformation of the apex occurs. The principle of deformation of the apex is explained below. When internal bone growth occurs, a force is generated that presses against the frame bone connected to the internal bone (hereinafter referred to as "pressure force due to internal bone growth"). One of the four apex of the frame is designated as the first apex, and of the four frame bones that make up the frame, the two frame bones that share the first apex are designated as the first and second frame bones, and of the internal bones located inside the frame, the internal bone extending toward the first frame bone is designated as the first internal bone, and the internal bone extending toward the second frame bone is designated as the second internal bone. In this case, the first frame bone receives the pressure force due to the growth of the first internal bone connected to the first frame bone, and the second frame bone receives the pressure force due to the growth of the second internal bone connected to the second frame bone.

[0010] Here, assuming the lattice body is a perfect plane, both the first and second frame bones would deform to bulge outwards on the outer periphery of the frame while remaining on the same plane as the lattice body, so the first apex would be located on the same plane as the periphery of the first apex. In other words, no deformation would occur at the apex. However, in reality, it is difficult to form a lattice body as a perfect plane, and distortions exist in the frame or in the inner bones due to variations in the amount of active material applied to each side of the lattice body. When distortion exists in the lattice body in this way, and the frame is subjected to a pressing force from the growth of the inner bones, the frame deforms so that the tip of the frame in the direction of the pressing force is located on one side (a specific direction corresponding to the distortion) that is approximately perpendicular to the lattice body from the periphery of the tip. The resultant force of the pressing force from the growth of the first inner bone and the pressing force from the growth of the second inner bone acts on the first apex, so the first apex becomes the tip of the frame in the direction of this resultant force. Therefore, the first vertex is positioned on the side of the frame that is closer to the specific direction than the peripheral portion of the first vertex. In other words, deformation of the vertex occurs.

[0011] Next, it is thought that the deformation of the first apex tends to be more pronounced when the absolute value of the difference between the compressive force on the first frame bone due to the growth of the first internal bone (hereinafter simply referred to as "compressive force on the first frame bone") and the compressive force on the second frame bone due to the growth of the second internal bone (hereinafter simply referred to as "compressive force on the second frame bone") is small, near the first apex of the frame bone. The reason for this is as follows: As mentioned above, the deformation of the first apex occurs when the resultant force of the compressive force due to the growth of the first internal bone and the compressive force due to the growth of the second internal bone acts on the first apex. When the compressive force due to the growth of the first internal bone and the compressive force due to the growth of the second internal bone are the same, the deformation of the apex is most pronounced because the first apex becomes the leading edge of the resultant force of both compressive forces. On the other hand, if the pressing force on the second frame bone is zero, then only the pressing force on the first frame bone acts on the first apex. As a result, the leading edge in the direction of the pressing force on the first frame bone becomes the entire first frame bone, including the first apex. Consequently, not only the first apex but also the peripheral portion of the first apex on the first frame bone is located at approximately the same position in the specific direction. In other words, if either the pressing force due to the growth of the first internal bone or the pressing force due to the growth of the second internal bone is zero, no deformation of the first apex occurs. Therefore, the deformation of the apex increases as the absolute value of the difference between the pressing force on the first frame bone and the pressing force on the second frame bone decreases. Accordingly, the present invention employs the following configuration to suppress deformation of the apex.

[0012] (1) A grid for a lead-acid battery disclosed herein is a grid for a lead-acid battery comprising: a rectangular frame including a first frame bone of length F1 extending in a first direction and a second frame bone of length F2 extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction and connected to the first frame bone at a first apex; and an inner portion disposed on the inner circumference side of the frame, comprising a plurality of first inner bones extending toward the first frame bone and a plurality of second inner bones extending toward the second frame bone, The first frame bone comprises an inner portion including, and the number of first internal bones extending toward the first apex portion of the first frame bone, which is the portion of the first frame bone that is located from the position of the first apex to a position that is shorter than both half of the length F1 and half of the length F2, and that extends over at least three of the second internal bones is L1 (where L1 is an integer of 2 or more), and the most close of the at least three second internal bones to the first frame bone is The number of first internal bones located between the specified second internal bone and the first apical portion of the first frame bone, and connected to both the specified second internal bone and the first apical portion of the first frame bone, is M1 (where M1 is an integer of 1 or more), and the first internal bones extend toward the first apical portion of the second frame bone, which is the portion of the second frame bone that is separated from the first apex by a first reference length, and across at least three of the first internal bones. The number of the second internal bones is P1 (where P1 is an integer of 2 or more), and the number of the second internal bones that are located between the specific first internal bone closest to the second frame bone among the at least three first internal bones and the first apical portion of the second frame bone, and that are connected to both the specific first internal bone and the first apical portion of the second frame bone, is Q1 (where Q1 is an integer of 1 or more and less than P1), and the following relationship shown in (1) holds: (M1 / L1) > (Q1 / P1) ... (1)

[0013] Here, L1, M1, P1, and Q1 above mean the following: L1: The number of first internal bones that extend toward the first apical portion of the first frame bone and across at least three second internal bones, and that apply a growth-induced compressive force (hereinafter referred to as "force toward the first apical portion of the first frame bone") to a specific second internal bone closest to the first frame bone. M1: The number of first internal bones that transmit the force toward the first apical portion of the first frame bone from a specific second internal bone to the first frame bone. P1: The number of second internal bones that extend toward the first apical portion of the second frame bone and across at least three first internal bones, and that apply a growth-induced compressive force (hereinafter referred to as "force toward the first apical portion of the second frame bone") to a specific first internal bone closest to the second frame bone. Q1: The number of second internal bones that transmit the force directed toward the first apical portion of the second frame bone from a specific first internal bone to the second frame bone.

[0014] Furthermore, in this lead-acid battery grid, the following relationship holds for L1, M1, P1, and Q1 as shown in (1): (M1 / L1) > (Q1 / P1) ... (1) M1 / L1 represents the ratio of the force transmitted to the first frame to the force directed toward the first top portion of the first frame (hereinafter referred to as the "force transmission ratio toward the first frame"). Q1 / P1 represents the ratio of the force transmitted to the second frame to the force directed toward the first top portion of the second frame (hereinafter referred to as the "force transmission ratio toward the second frame"). Note that the M1 first internal bone connected to the first frame and a specific second internal bone is shorter in length in the second direction than the L1 first internal bone extending across at least three second internal bones. Furthermore, the compressive force due to the growth of the first internal bone is greater the longer the length of the first internal bone in the second direction. Therefore, the compressive force due to the growth of one first internal bone (M) is smaller than the compressive force due to the growth of one first internal bone (L), and the influence of the compressive force due to the growth of one first internal bone (M) on the first frame bone is relatively small. Similarly, one second internal bone (Q) connected to the second frame bone and a specific first internal bone is shorter in the first direction than one second internal bone (P) extending across at least three first internal bones. Furthermore, the compressive force due to the growth of the second internal bone is greater the longer the length of the second internal bone in the first direction. Therefore, the compressive force due to the growth of the second internal bone of Q1 is smaller than the compressive force due to the growth of the second internal bone of P1, and the influence of the compressive force due to the growth of Q1 on the second frame bone is relatively small. Also, generally, in order to suppress the distortion of the grid body for lead-acid batteries, the force directed toward the first apex portion of the first frame bone and the force directed toward the first apex portion of the second frame bone are approximately the same.

[0015] Based on the above, the above relation (1) means that the ratio of force transmission toward the second frame is smaller than the ratio of force transmission toward the first frame. Therefore, with this grid for lead-acid batteries, compared to a configuration where the ratio of force transmission toward the first frame and the ratio of force transmission toward the second frame are the same ((M1 / L1) = (Q1 / P1)), the absolute value of the difference between the pressing force toward the first frame and the pressing force toward the second frame becomes larger near the first top, thus suppressing deformation of the first top.

[0016] Furthermore, in the grid for the lead-acid battery described above, the L1, M1, P1, and Q1 may be configured such that, for example, the following relationship shown in (K1) holds: L1≧P1 and M1≧Q1, or L1≦P1 and M1≦Q1...(K1) This relationship (K1) means that the relative number of the first internal bones and the relative number of the second internal bones are the same on the inside (hereinafter referred to as the "inner part of the specific internal bones") and outside (hereinafter referred to as the "outer part of the specific internal bones") of the specific first internal bones and the specific second internal bones. Now, let's assume that the relative number of the first internal bones and the relative number of the second internal bones are different on the inside and outside of the specific internal bones. For example, suppose the number of first internal bones in the medial portion of a specific internal bone is smaller than the number of second internal bones, and the number of first internal bones in the lateral portion of the specific internal bone is greater than or equal to the number of second internal bones (L1 < P1 and M1 ≥ Q1). In this case, the difference between the number of first internal bones in the medial and lateral portions of the specific internal bone, which is (L1 - M1), and the difference between the number of second internal bones in the medial and lateral portions of the specific internal bone, which is (P1 - Q1), becomes larger. Specifically, (P1 - Q1) becomes relatively larger than (L1 - M1). (P1-Q1) When the number of bones increases, the ratio of the number of second internal bones in the outer part of the specific internal bone to the number of second internal bones in the inner part of the specific internal bone (Q1 / P1) decreases, which may lead to a decrease in the strength of the grid body for the lead-acid battery and an increase in electrical resistance between the specific first internal bone and the second frame bone. Therefore, as shown in the relational expression (K1) above, if the relative size of the number of first internal bones and the number of second internal bones is the same in the inner and outer parts of the specific internal bone, the decrease in the strength of the grid body for the lead-acid battery and the increase in electrical resistance can be suppressed compared to when the relative size is different in the inner and outer parts of the specific internal bone.

[0017] Furthermore, in this lead-acid battery grid, in order to suppress deformation of the first apex, the second internal bone connecting the specific first internal bone and the first apex-side portion of the second frame bone is omitted, thereby forming a space that is continuously connected in the second direction (hereinafter referred to as the "continuous space"). In other words, in this lead-acid battery grid, the continuous space exists in the outer part of the specific internal bone (the position closest to the second frame bone). If the continuous space does not exist in the outer part of the specific internal bone, the pressing force due to the growth of the second internal bone interposed between the second frame bone and the continuous space will be transmitted to the second frame bone. As a result, the effect of the continuous space in reducing the pressing force on the second frame bone will decrease, making it impossible to increase the absolute value of the difference between the pressing force on the first frame bone and the pressing force on the second frame bone, and potentially failing to suppress deformation of the first apex. In this embodiment, the presence of a continuous space on the outer portion of the specific internal bone reduces the compressive force on the second frame bone, thereby suppressing deformation of the first apex.

[0018] (2) In the grid for the lead-acid battery described above, in the second view, at least a portion of the M1 first internal bone is located on the second frame side with respect to the center of the first top portion of the first frame bone, and in the first view, all of the Q1 second internal bone is located on the opposite side from the first frame bone with respect to the center of the first top portion of the second frame bone. In other words, according to the grid for the lead-acid battery, the continuous space between the specific first internal bone and the first top portion of the second frame bone is located at the position closest to the first top. Therefore, compared to a configuration in which the continuous space is located at a position far from the first top, the absolute value of the difference between the pressing force on the first frame bone and the pressing force on the second frame bone is larger at a position closer to the first top, so that deformation of the first top can be suppressed more effectively.

[0019] (3) In the grid body for the lead-acid battery described above, at least two or more second internal bones of the P1 second internal bones may be located in the first direction view between the first frame bones and one of the Q1 second internal bones that are adjacent to each other in the second direction, and between two of the Q1 second internal bones that are adjacent to each other in the second direction. That is, in the grid body for the lead-acid battery described above, the width of the continuous space in the second direction is approximately three times or more the average spacing between the second internal bones in the inner portion of the specific internal bone. Here, the wider the width of the continuous space in the second direction, the greater the bending of the specific first internal bone constituting the continuous space, so that the pressing force due to the growth of the second internal bone can be effectively absorbed by the specific first internal bone, and thus the pressing force on the second frame bone can be reduced more effectively. Therefore, with this grid for lead-acid batteries, compared to a configuration in which the width of the second direction of the continuous space is less than three times the average spacing, the absolute value of the difference between the pressing force on the first frame and the pressing force on the second frame becomes even larger, thus more effectively suppressing the deformation of the first top.

[0020] (4) In the grid body for the lead-acid battery described above, at least one of the (P1-Q1) second internal bones of the P1 second internal bone is located between the first frame bones that are adjacent to each other in the second direction and one of the Q1 second internal bones, and between two of the Q1 second internal bones that are adjacent to each other in the second direction, in view in the first direction. Here, the more (P1-Q1) bones there are, the wider the width of the continuous space in the second direction tends to be, and the specific first internal bone constituting the continuous space bends greatly, so that the pressing force due to the growth of the second internal bone can be effectively absorbed by the specific first internal bone, thereby more effectively reducing the pressing force on the second frame bone, and increasing the absolute value of the difference between the pressing force on the first frame bone and the pressing force on the second frame bone. On the other hand, if there are many (P1-Q1) bones, the number of second internal bones that connect to both the specific first internal bone and the first apical portion of the second frame bone becomes relatively small. This can lead to a decrease in strength and a decrease in the uniformity of electrical resistance of the grid body for lead-acid batteries, as the strength between the specific first internal bone and the second frame bone decreases or the electrical resistance increases. In contrast, in this grid body for lead-acid batteries, (P1-Q1) internal bones of the second internal bone of the P1 bone are located between adjacent first frame bones and one of the Q1 second internal bones, and between two adjacent Q1 second internal bones. Therefore, compared to, for example, a case where fewer than (P1-Q1) internal bones out of P1 second internal bones are located between adjacent first frame bones and one of Q1 second internal bones, a single continuous space with a wider width in the second direction is secured without increasing the number of (P1-Q1) bones. As a result, while suppressing a decrease in the strength of the grid body for lead-acid batteries, the absolute value of the difference between the pressing force on the first frame bones and the pressing force on the second frame bones becomes even larger, thus more effectively suppressing the deformation of the first apex.

[0021] (5) In the grid body for the lead-acid battery, the frame further includes a third frame bone of length F3 that faces the first frame bone and is connected to the second frame bone at the second apex, and the inner portion further includes a plurality of third inner bones extending toward the third frame bone, the number of third inner bones extending toward the second apex portion of the third frame bone, which is the portion of the third frame bone that is moved from the position of the second apex by a second reference length shorter than both half of the length F2 and half of the length F3, and across at least three of the second inner bones, is L2 (where L2 is an integer of 2 or more), and is located between the specific fourth inner bone closest to the third frame bone among the at least three of the second inner bones and the second apex portion of the third frame bone, and the specific fourth inner bone and the third The number of third internal bones connected to both the frame bone and the second top portion is M2 (where M2 is an integer of 1 or more), the number of second internal bones extending toward the second top portion of the second frame bone, which is the portion of the second frame bone that is separated from the position of the second top by a second reference length, and across at least three of the third internal bones is P2 (where P2 is an integer of 2 or more), the number of second internal bones located between the specific third internal bone closest to the second frame bone among the at least three third internal bones and the second top portion of the second frame bone, and connected to both the specific third internal bone and the second top portion of the second frame bone is Q2 (where Q2 is an integer of 1 or more and less than P2), and the following relationship shown in (2) may also be satisfied. (M2 / L2) > (Q2 / P2) ... (2) With this grid for lead-acid batteries, not only is deformation of the first apex suppressed, but deformation of the second apex can also be suppressed.

[0022] Furthermore, in the lead-acid battery grid described above, the L2, M2, P2, and Q2 may be configured such that, for example, the following relation (K2) holds: L2≧P2 and M2≧Q2, or L2≦P2 and M2≦Q2...(K2) This relation (K2) means that the relative number of the third internal bones and the number of the second internal bones are the same on the inside and outside of a specific third internal bone and a specific fourth internal bone. If the relation (K2) shown above holds, it is possible to suppress the decrease in strength and increase in electrical resistance of the lead-acid battery grid compared to a configuration in which the relation (K2) does not hold.

[0023] (6) In the grid body for the lead-acid battery described above, the frame further includes a fourth frame bone that faces the second frame bone and is connected to the third frame bone at the third apex, and the grid body for the lead-acid battery further includes a current collector formed between the center of the fourth frame bone in the second direction and the third apex, such that the following relational expression shown in (3) holds: (Q2 / P2) > (Q1 / P1) ... (3)

[0024] The smaller the force transmission ratio toward the second frame bone (Q2 / P2, Q1 / P1), the wider the non-conductive region becomes, where no internal bone exists and no current path is formed between a specific first internal bone and the second frame bone, or between a specific third internal bone and the second frame bone. The closer this non-conductive region is to the current collector, the greater the overall electrical resistance of the grid for the lead-acid battery. In contrast, in this grid for the lead-acid battery, the distance between the current collector and the second apex is shorter than the distance between the current collector and the first apex. Furthermore, the force transmission ratio toward the second frame bone on the second apex side, which is closer to the current collector (Q2 / P2), is greater than the force transmission ratio toward the second frame bone on the first apex side, which is farther from the current collector (Q1 / P1). As a result, the non-conductive region becomes narrower near the second apex, which is closer to the current collector. As a result, with this grid for lead-acid batteries, the non-conductive region becomes narrower towards the top closer to the current collector. Therefore, compared to a configuration where the force transmission ratio (Q2 / P2) towards the second frame at the second top closer to the current collector is smaller than the force transmission ratio (Q1 / P1) towards the second frame at the first top further from the current collector, it is possible to suppress deformation of the top while suppressing an increase in the overall electrical resistance of the grid for lead-acid batteries.

[0025] (7) In the grid for the lead-acid battery described above, the frame further includes a fourth frame bone that faces the second frame bone and extends in the second direction, and the grid for the lead-acid battery may further include a current collector formed on one of the second frame bone and the fourth frame bone. Normally, in a grid for a lead-acid battery, the active material is applied along the direction in which the frame bone on which the current collector is formed extends. In this grid for a lead-acid battery, the continuous space extends in the second direction in which the active material is applied. When the direction in which the active material is applied coincides with the direction in which the continuous space extends, the active material is applied sequentially along the direction in which the continuous space extends when the active material is applied, so that the active material is applied to the continuous space more reliably. Therefore, compared to the case in which the part without internal bones extends in a direction intersecting the direction in which the active material is applied, the active material is applied to the continuous space more reliably, thereby suppressing the shedding of the active material.

[0026] Furthermore, in the lead-acid battery grid described above, the frame may further include a fourth frame bone that faces the second frame bone and extends in the second direction, and the lead-acid battery grid may further include a current collector formed on the fourth frame bone. Since there is no second internal bone in the continuous space, the continuous space does not constitute a current path. Therefore, the closer the continuous space is to the current collector, the greater the electrical resistance of the entire lead-acid battery grid. In contrast, in this lead-acid battery grid, the continuous space is formed facing the second frame bone. Therefore, compared to the case where the continuous space is formed facing the fourth frame bone, the continuous space that does not constitute a current path is further from the current collector, and the increase in the electrical resistance of the entire battery grid can be suppressed.

[0027] (8) In the grid body for the lead-acid battery described above, the plurality of first internal bones may be configured to be substantially parallel to each other, and the plurality of second internal bones may be configured to be substantially parallel to each other. In the case where the plurality of first internal bones are substantially parallel to each other and the plurality of second internal bones are substantially parallel to each other, as in the grid body for the lead-acid battery described above, the direction of the pressing force from each first internal bone to the first frame bone becomes substantially equal, and the direction of the pressing force from each second internal bone to the second frame bone becomes substantially equal, so the pressing force on the first frame bone and the pressing force on the second frame bone become relatively large. In a configuration in which the pressing force on the first frame bone and the pressing force on the second frame bone become relatively large, the degree of deformation of the top is likely to be large, so the present invention is particularly effective.

[0028] Furthermore, the grid for the lead-acid battery described above may be configured such that at least one of the following conditions is met: a first condition in which a plurality of first internal bones and a first frame bone are substantially perpendicular to each other, and a second condition in which a plurality of second internal bones and a second frame bone are substantially perpendicular to each other. In the case where a plurality of first internal bones and a first frame bone are substantially perpendicular to each other, and a plurality of second internal bones and a second frame bone are substantially perpendicular to each other, as in the grid for the lead-acid battery described above, the component of the pressing force on the first frame bones that is perpendicular to the first frame bones becomes larger, and the component of the pressing force on the second frame bones that is perpendicular to the second frame bones becomes larger, so the pressing force on the first frame bones and the pressing force on the second frame bones become relatively large. In a configuration in which the pressing force on the first frame bones and the pressing force on the second frame bones are relatively large, the degree of deformation of the top tends to be large, so the present invention is particularly effective.

[0029] (9) A lead-acid battery disclosed herein comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a separator disposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, wherein at least one of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate may include the above-mentioned grid for lead-acid batteries and an active material coated on the grid for lead-acid batteries. According to this lead-acid battery, peeling of the active material due to deformation of the top of the grid for lead-acid batteries can be suppressed.

[0030] A. Embodiment: A-1. Configuration: (Configuration of lead-acid battery 100) Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the external configuration of the lead-acid battery 100 in this embodiment, and Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the YZ cross-sectional configuration of the lead-acid battery 100 at position II-II in Figure 1. In Figure 2, the positive electrode plate 110P, the negative electrode plate 110N, and the separator 120, which will be described later, are represented in a form different from the actual form for convenience and visual appearance. Each figure shows mutually orthogonal XYZ axes to specify the direction. In this specification, for convenience, the Z-axis direction is referred to as the "up-down direction Z", the positive Z-axis direction is referred to as the "up direction", and the negative Z-axis direction is referred to as the "down direction", however, the lead-acid battery 100 may actually be installed in a different orientation. Also, the X-axis direction is referred to as the "electrode plate stacking direction X", and the Y-axis direction is referred to as the "strap arrangement direction Y". Furthermore, when distinguishing between positive and negative electrode components, the letter "P" will be added to the end of the code for positive electrode components, and the letter "N" will be added to the end of the code for negative electrode components. The same applies to Figure 3 and subsequent figures.

[0031] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the lead-acid battery 100 comprises a battery housing 102, an electrode plate group 104, a positive electrode strap 106P, and a negative electrode strap 106N.

[0032] (Configuration of the battery housing 102) The battery housing 102 includes a battery case 22 and a lid 24. The battery case 22 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped container with an opening on its top surface, and is made of, for example, synthetic resin. The internal storage space S of the battery housing 102 is divided into a plurality of cell chambers arranged in the electrode plate stacking direction X by partition walls (not shown), and each cell chamber houses an electrode plate group 104, a positive electrode strap 106P, and a negative electrode strap 106N, and is filled with an electrolyte U. The electrolyte U mainly consists of, for example, dilute sulfuric acid.

[0033] The lid 24 is a roughly rectangular lid-shaped member corresponding to the opening of the battery case 22, and is made of, for example, synthetic resin. The lid 24 is positioned to close the opening of the battery case 22, and the storage space S of the battery housing 102 is closed by, for example, heat welding the peripheral edge portion of the lower surface of the lid 24 to the surrounding portion of the opening of the battery case 22.

[0034] The lid 24 includes a positive terminal portion 26P and a negative terminal portion 26N. Since the positive terminal portion 26P and the negative terminal portion 26N have substantially the same structure, the structure will be described below using the negative terminal portion 26N as an example. The negative terminal portion 26N includes a bushing 28N and a pole column 30N. The bushing 28N is a substantially cylindrical conductive member with a through hole 28NA that penetrates in the vertical direction, and is made of a metal such as a lead alloy. The lower part of the bushing 28N is embedded in the lid 24 by insert molding, and the upper part of the bushing 28N protrudes upward from the upper surface of the lid 24. A communication hole 24A that communicates with the through hole 28NA of the bushing 28N is formed through the lower part of the bushing 28N in the lid 24. The pole column 30N is a substantially cylindrical conductive member, made of a metal such as a lead alloy. The pole post 30N is inserted into the through hole 28NA of the bushing 28N and the communication hole 24A of the cover 24. The upper end of the pole post 30N is positioned approximately at the same location as the upper end of the bushing 28N, and the lower end of the pole post 30N protrudes downward from the lower end of the bushing 28N and further protrudes downward from the lower surface of the cover 24. The upper end of the pole post 30N is joined to the bushing 28N by welding. The upper end portion of the bushing 28N at the negative electrode terminal section 26N functions as an external connection terminal on the negative side that is connected to a load or the like (not shown), and the upper end portion of the bushing 28P at the positive electrode terminal section 26P functions as an external connection terminal on the positive side that is connected to a load or the like.

[0035] (Configuration of electrode group 104) The electrode group 104 comprises a plurality of flat positive electrode plates 110P, a plurality of flat negative electrode plates 110N, and a sheet-like separator 120 placed between the positive electrode plates 110P and the negative electrode plates 110N. Hereinafter, the positive electrode plates 110P and the negative electrode plates 110N will be collectively referred to as "electrode plates 110".

[0036] Multiple positive electrode plates 110P and multiple negative electrode plates 110N are arranged alternately in the electrode plate stacking direction X, with one positive electrode plate 110P and one negative electrode plate 110N at a time. Each electrode plate 110 is a roughly rectangular flat plate shape and is arranged approximately perpendicular to the electrode plate stacking direction X.

[0037] The positive electrode plate 110P is a paste-type electrode plate made by filling a plate-shaped grid 140 with a positive electrode active material (e.g., lead dioxide), and is formed in a substantially rectangular shape. A positive electrode side lug 112P is provided on one side of the upper end of the positive electrode plate 110P in the strap arrangement direction Y (positive Y-axis side) so as to protrude upward. The negative electrode plate 110N is a paste-type electrode plate made by filling a plate-shaped grid 140 with a negative electrode active material (e.g., spongy lead), and is formed in a substantially rectangular shape, similar to the positive electrode plate 110P. A negative electrode side lug 112N is provided on the other side of the upper end of the negative electrode plate 110N in the strap arrangement direction Y (negative Y-axis side) so as to protrude upward. The positive electrode side lug 112P and the negative electrode side lug 112N are positioned on opposite sides of the center of the electrode plate group 104 in the strap arrangement direction Y. The detailed configuration of the grid 140 will be described later. The grid 140 corresponds to the grid for a lead-acid battery in the claims.

[0038] The separator 120 is made of an insulating material (for example, glass fiber or synthetic resin). The separator 120 is positioned in each cell chamber to separate the area where each positive electrode plate 110P is located from the area where each negative electrode plate 110N is located. The separator 120 may be in the shape of a bag, and either the positive electrode plate 110P or the negative electrode plate 110N may be housed inside.

[0039] (Configuration of positive electrode strap 106P and negative electrode strap 106N) The positive electrode strap 106P is a flat conductive member. The positive electrode strap 106P is located above a plurality of positive electrode side ears 112P within each cell chamber and is arranged to be substantially perpendicular to the plurality of positive electrode side ears 112P in the vertical direction. The lower surface of the positive electrode strap 106P is joined to the plurality of positive electrode side ears 112P. The negative electrode strap 106N is a flat conductive member. The negative electrode strap 106N is located above a plurality of negative electrode side ears 112N within each cell chamber and is arranged to be substantially perpendicular to the plurality of negative electrode side ears 112N in the vertical direction. The lower surface of the negative electrode strap 106N is joined to the plurality of negative electrode side ears 112N. Between the cell chambers, a positive electrode strap 106P and a negative electrode strap 106N, which have opposite polarities, are connected via a connecting member 114, thereby electrically connecting multiple electrode plate groups 104 in series. Of the multiple cell chambers, the positive electrode strap 106P housed in the cell chamber located at one end of the electrode plate stacking direction X (negative X-axis direction) is joined to the lower end of the electrode column 30P of the positive electrode terminal portion 26P. Similarly, the negative electrode strap 106N housed in the cell chamber located at the other end of the electrode plate stacking direction X (positive X-axis direction) is joined to the lower end of the electrode column 30N of the negative electrode terminal portion 26N.

[0040] A-2. Detailed configuration of the grid 140: (Basic configuration of the grid 140) Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the YZ plane configuration of the grid 140, Figure 4 is an enlarged explanatory diagram showing the YZ plane configuration of the vicinity of the first vertex C1 in the grid 140, and Figure 5 is an enlarged explanatory diagram showing the YZ plane configuration of the vicinity of the second vertex C2 in the grid 140. In the following description, the Z-axis direction will also be referred to as the "vertical direction Z," and the Y-axis direction will also be referred to as the "horizontal direction Y." The upper part of Figure 4 and the upper part of Figure 5 show the state of force application in the horizontal direction Y, and the lower part of Figure 4 and the lower part of Figure 5 show the state of force application in the vertical direction Z. The same applies to Figure 6, which will be described later. The vertical direction Z corresponds to the first direction in the claims, and the horizontal direction Y corresponds to the second direction in the claims.

[0041] As shown in Figure 3, the lattice body 140 comprises a frame 200 which is a rectangular frame, and an inner portion 300 which is arranged on the inner circumference side of the frame 200. The lattice body 140 is made of, for example, lead or a lead alloy (such as a lead-calcium alloy).

[0042] The frame 200 comprises a pair of vertical frame bones 210 that are substantially parallel to the vertical direction Z, and a pair of horizontal frame bones 220 that are substantially parallel to the horizontal direction Y. Hereinafter, of the pair of vertical frame bones 210, the vertical frame bone 210 located on the negative Y-axis side in Figure 3 will be referred to as the "left vertical frame bone 210L," and the vertical frame bone 210 located on the positive Y-axis side will be referred to as the "right vertical frame bone 210R." Also, of the pair of horizontal frame bones 220, the horizontal frame bone 220 located on the upper side (positive Z-axis side) will be referred to as the "upper horizontal frame bone 220U," and the horizontal frame bone 220 located on the lower side (negative Z-axis side) will be referred to as the "lower horizontal frame bone 220D." Furthermore, the apex shared by the left vertical frame bone 210L and the lower horizontal frame bone 220D is called the "first apex C1," the apex shared by the lower horizontal frame bone 220D and the right vertical frame bone 210R is called the "second apex C2," the apex shared by the right vertical frame bone 210R and the upper horizontal frame bone 220U is called the "third apex C3," and the apex shared by the upper horizontal frame bone 220U and the left vertical frame bone 210L is called the "fourth apex C4." These four apex points C1 to C4 are also collectively referred to as "apex C."

[0043] The length of the vertical frame rib 210L on the left side in the vertical direction Z is F1, and the length of the vertical frame rib 210R on the right side in the vertical direction Z is F3, and in this embodiment, F1 = F3. Also, the length of the horizontal frame rib 220D on the lower side in the horizontal direction Y is F2, and the length of the horizontal frame rib 220U on the upper side in the horizontal direction Y is F4, and in this embodiment, F2 = F4. Note that the vertical frame rib 210L on the left side corresponds to the first frame rib in the claims, the horizontal frame rib 220D on the lower side corresponds to the second frame rib in the claims, the vertical frame rib 210R on the right side corresponds to the third frame rib in the claims, and the horizontal frame rib 220U on the upper side corresponds to the fourth frame rib in the claims.

[0044] Further, in the present embodiment, the above-described positive electrode side ear portion 112P is joined to the upper horizontal frame bone 220U at a position on the right side of the center of the upper horizontal frame bone 220U in the lateral direction Y, thereby being electrically connected to the lattice body 140. Also, the positive electrode side ear portion 112P corresponds to the current collecting portion in the claims.

[0045] The inner portion 300 includes a plurality of (14 in this embodiment) vertical inner bones 310 substantially parallel to the vertical direction Z and a plurality of (11 in this embodiment) horizontal inner bones 320 substantially parallel to the lateral direction Y. The inner portion 300 is formed in a mesh shape such that the plurality of vertical inner bones 310 and the plurality of horizontal inner bones 320 are substantially orthogonal to each other, and at each intersection, the vertical inner bone 310 and the horizontal inner bone 320 are joined to be electrically connected. Each vertical inner bone 310 is a linear body extending linearly, is substantially parallel to the pair of vertical frame bones 210, and is substantially orthogonal to at least one of the pair of horizontal frame bones 220. The plurality of vertical inner bones 310 are arranged at different positions in the lateral direction Y. In this embodiment, the plurality of vertical inner bones 310 are arranged at substantially equal intervals (arrangement interval D) in the lateral direction Y. Also, in this embodiment, among the plurality of vertical inner bones 310, the area of a cross section orthogonal to the axial direction of the basic vertical inner bone 310G, which is one vertical inner bone 310 extending downward from the positive electrode side ear portion 112P, is larger than the area of a cross section orthogonal to the axial direction of the other vertical inner bones 310 over the entire length of the basic vertical inner bone 310G. Thereby, the basic vertical inner bone 310G has a higher current collecting ability due to having a lower electrical resistance compared to the other vertical inner bones 310. In this specification, substantially parallel means that the angle T (0 degrees ≤ T ≤ 90 degrees) formed by two bones (frame bones or inner bones) is 5 degrees or less, and substantially orthogonal means that the angle X (0 degrees ≤ X ≤ 90 degrees) formed by two bones (frame bones or inner bones) is 85 degrees or more.

[0046] Each transverse internal bone 320 is a linear body extending in a straight line, substantially parallel to a pair of transverse frame bones 220, and substantially perpendicular to at least one of a pair of vertical frame bones 210. Multiple transverse internal bones 320 are arranged at different positions in the vertical direction Z. In this embodiment, multiple transverse internal bones 320 are arranged at substantially equal intervals (arrangement interval D) in the vertical direction Z, that is, at the same arrangement interval D as multiple vertical internal bones 310. In this embodiment, the area of ​​the cross-section of the transverse internal bone 320 perpendicular to the axial direction is substantially the same as the area of ​​the cross-section of the vertical internal bones 310 other than the basic vertical internal bone 310G perpendicular to the axial direction. The transverse internal bones 320 correspond to the first and third internal bones in the claims, and the vertical internal bones 310 correspond to the second internal bone in the claims.

[0047] (Regarding the continuous space E) As shown in Figures 3 to 5, a continuous space E exists in the inner part 300 of the lattice body 140. The continuous space E is a space located near one vertex C, and is a space that is continuously connected with a width wider than the arrangement interval D between adjacent longitudinal vertex bones 310, because the end of one or more longitudinal vertex bones 310 on the vertex C side is not connected to the transverse frame bone 220 that shares the vertex C, and extends along the direction in which the upper transverse frame bone 220U, on which the positive pole side ear portion 112P is formed, extends. In this embodiment, a first continuous space E1 exists near the first vertex C1 of the lattice body 140, and a second continuous space E2 exists near the second vertex C2.

[0048] Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, among the plurality of vertical inner bones 310, the basic vertical inner bone 310G, the six vertical inner bones 310 to the left of the basic vertical inner bone 310G, and the three vertical inner bones 310 to the right of the basic vertical inner bone 310G continuously extend from the upper horizontal frame bone 220U to the lower horizontal frame bone 220D. On the other hand, the three vertical inner bones 310 from the left vertical frame bone 210L continuously extend from the upper horizontal frame bone 220U to the first horizontal inner bone 320 from the bottom (hereinafter referred to as the "specific horizontal inner bone 320V"), but are not connected to the lower horizontal frame bone 220D. In other words, in each of these three vertical inner bones 310, the portion between the specific horizontal inner bone 320V and the lower horizontal frame bone 220D is missing. The space formed by this missing part is the first continuous space E1. Hereinafter, these three missing vertical inner bones 310 are also referred to as "left missing vertical inner bones 310L".

[0049] Also, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the one vertical inner bone 310 from the right vertical frame bone 210R continuously extends from the upper horizontal frame bone 220U to the specific horizontal inner bone 320V, but is not connected to the lower horizontal frame bone 220D. In other words, in this one vertical inner bone 310, the portion between the specific horizontal inner bone 320V and the lower horizontal frame bone 220D is missing. The area formed by this missing part is the second continuous space E2. Hereinafter, this missing one vertical inner bone 310 is also referred to as "right missing vertical inner bone 310R". The specific horizontal inner bone 320V corresponds to the specific first inner bone and the specific third inner bone in the claims. As will be described later, in the lattice body 140 of the present embodiment, the occurrence of deformation of the first top C1 can be suppressed by the existence of the first continuous space E1, and the occurrence of deformation of the second top C2 can be suppressed by the existence of the second continuous space E2.

[0050] A - 3. Regarding the deformation of the top C: (Factors causing the deformation of the top C) FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an enlarged view of the YZ plane configuration of the vicinity of the first top C1 in the lattice body 140X of the comparative example. The inner part 300X of the lattice body 140X of the comparative example is different from the lattice body 140 of the present embodiment in that all the vertical inner bones 310 are continuously connected from the upper horizontal frame bone 220U to the lower horizontal frame bone 220D, and there is no continuous space E.

[0051] For example, when a lead-acid battery is used for a long period of time, the internal bones of the grid body corrode (e.g., oxidative corrosion), causing a phenomenon in which the internal bones extend in the axial direction (hereinafter referred to as "growth"). In the grid body 140 of this embodiment and the grid body 140X of the comparative example (hereinafter also referred to as "grid body 140 etc."), when growth of the internal bones occurs, in the lateral direction Y, the growth of the lateral internal bones 320 generates a force that presses the vertical frame bones 210 connected to the lateral internal bones 320 toward the outer circumference of the frame 200. Also, in the vertical direction Z, the growth of the vertical internal bones 310 generates a force that presses the lateral frame bones 220 connected to the vertical internal bones 310 toward the outer circumference of the frame 200. Furthermore, the pressing force on the vertical frame bones 210 due to the growth of these transverse internal bones 320 and the pressing force on the transverse frame bones 220 due to the growth of the vertical internal bones 310 can cause a phenomenon in which the area near the top C of the frame 200 deforms in the direction X of the electrode plate stacking direction (hereinafter referred to as "top deformation").

[0052] Possible causes of deformation of the apex C include, for example, the following: It is difficult to form the lattice body 140, etc., into a perfectly flat plane, and distortion may exist in the frame 200, or distortion may exist in the inner bones due to variations in the amount of active material applied to each side of the lattice body 140. When distortion exists in the lattice body 140 in this way, for example, if the left vertical frame bone 210L is subjected to pressure due to the growth of the horizontal inner bone 320 in the vicinity of the first apex C1, and the lower horizontal frame bone 220D is subjected to pressure due to the growth of the vertical inner bone 310, it is thought that a force acts to displace the first apex C1 toward the electrode plate stacking direction X, causing deformation of the first apex C1. When deformation occurs in the first apex C1, the active material applied around the deformed first apex C1 is likely to peel off. When the active material peels off, corrosion of the lattice body 140 progresses, for example, in areas where the internal bones are exposed, which may significantly reduce the strength of the lattice body 140.

[0053] (Conditions for suppressing deformation of apex C) The first condition for suppressing deformation of apex C1 is that the following relationship shown in (1) holds for L1, M1, P1, and Q1 in the lattice body 140, etc.: (M1 / L1) > (Q1 / P1) ... (1)

[0054] As described above, the deformation of the first apex C1 becomes more pronounced in the vicinity of the first apex C1 as the absolute difference between the pressure exerted by the growth of the transverse endocardium 320 on the left longitudinal frame bone 210L (hereinafter simply referred to as "pressure WL1 on the left longitudinal frame bone 210L") and the pressure exerted by the growth of the longitudinal endocardium 310 on the lower transverse frame bone 220D (hereinafter simply referred to as "pressure WD1 on the lower transverse frame bone 220D").

[0055] Here, L1, M1, P1, and Q1 are defined as follows: The first top portion A11 of the left vertical frame 210L (see upper section of Figure 4 and upper section of Figure 6) is the portion of the left vertical frame 210L that is located a distance of a first reference length from the position of the first top C1. Here, the first reference length is a length shorter than both half the length F1 of the left vertical frame 210L and half the length F2 of the lower horizontal frame 220D. In this embodiment, the first reference length is at least 1 / 10 of the shorter of the length F1 of the left vertical frame 210L and the length F2 of the lower horizontal frame 220D, and at least 2 / 5 of the shorter length. Furthermore, the first apex portion A21 of the lower horizontal frame bone 220D (see the lower section of Figure 4 and the lower section of Figure 6) is the portion of the lower horizontal frame bone 220D that is located from the position of the first apex C1 to a position that is separated by the first reference length mentioned above.

[0056] L1 (where L1 is an integer greater than or equal to 2): The number of transverse endodontic bones 320 that extend toward the first apical portion A11 of the left vertical frame bone 210L and across at least three longitudinal endodontic bones 310, as shown in the upper part of Figure 4 and the upper part of Figure 6. This number L1 of transverse endodontic bones 320 means the number of transverse endodontic bones 320 that, by their growth, impart a force toward the left specific longitudinal endodontic bone 310V toward the first apical portion A11 of the left vertical frame bone 210L (hereinafter simply referred to as "pressure WL2 on the left specific longitudinal endodontic bone 310V"). The left specific longitudinal endodontic bone 310V is the longitudinal endodontic bone 310 closest to the left vertical frame bone 210L among the at least three longitudinal endodontic bones 310 (longitudinal endodontic bones 310 that contact all L1 transverse endodontic bones 320), and corresponds to the specific second endodontic bone in the claims. Furthermore, "towards the first apical portion A11" means that a straight line extended from the left end of the transverse endocardium 320 along the axial direction of the transverse endocardium 320 intersects with the first apical portion A11. "Force toward the first apical portion A11" means that among the forces applied to the specific longitudinal endocardium 310V on the left side, a straight line extended from the specific longitudinal endocardium 310V along the direction of the force vector intersects with the first apical portion A11.

[0057] M1 (where M1 is an integer greater than or equal to 1): As shown in the upper part of Figure 4 and the upper part of Figure 6, the number of transverse endobones 320 located between the left specific longitudinal endobones 310V and the first apical portion A11, and connected to both the left specific longitudinal endobones 310V and the first apical portion A11. M1 of these transverse endobones 320 represents the number of transverse endobones 320 that transmit the pressing force WL2 on the left specific longitudinal endobones 310V from the left specific longitudinal endobones 310V to the left longitudinal frame bone 210L. As shown in the upper part of Figure 4, in a lateral Y view, at least a portion of the M1 transverse endobones 320 is located below the center A11M of the first apical portion A11 of the left longitudinal frame bone 210L, that is, on the lower transverse frame bone 220D side.

[0058] P1 (where P1 is an integer of 2 or more): The number of longitudinal endodont bones 310 that extend toward the first apex portion A21 of the lower transverse frame bone 220D and across at least three transverse endodont bones 320, as shown in the lower part of Figure 4 and the lower part of Figure 6. This number of longitudinal endodont bones 310 P1 means the number of longitudinal endodont bones 310 that, by the growth of the longitudinal endodont bones 310, impart a force toward the lower specific transverse endodont bone 320V toward the first apex portion A21 of the lower transverse frame bone 220D (hereinafter simply referred to as "pressure WD2 on the lower specific transverse endodont bone 320V"). The lower specific transverse endodont bone 320V is the transverse endodont bone 320 closest to the lower transverse frame bone 220D among the at least three transverse endodont bones 320 (transverse endodont bones 320 that contact all P1 longitudinal endodont bones 310), and corresponds to the specific first endodont bone in the claims. Furthermore, "towards the first apical portion A21" means that a straight line extending from the lower end of the longitudinal endocardium 310 along the axial direction of the longitudinal endocardium 310 intersects with the first apical portion A21. "Force toward the first apical portion A21" means that among the forces applied to the lower specific transverse endocardium 320V, a straight line extending from the lower specific transverse endocardium 320V along the direction of the force vector intersects with the first apical portion A21.

[0059] Q1 (where Q1 is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than P1): As shown in the lower part of Figure 4 and the lower part of Figure 6, the number of longitudinal endocardium 310 located between the lower specific transverse endocardium 320V and the first apical portion A21, and connected to both the lower specific transverse endocardium 320V and the first apical portion A21. This Q1 longitudinal endocardium 310 represents the number of longitudinal endocardium 310 that transmit the pressing force WD2 to the lower specific transverse endocardium 320V from the lower specific transverse endocardium 320V to the lower transverse frame bone 220D. As shown in the lower part of Figure 4, in a vertical Z view, all of the Q1 longitudinal endocardium 310 are located to the right of the center A21M of the first apical portion A21 of the lower transverse frame bone 220D, that is, on the opposite side from the left longitudinal frame bone 210L. Between the left vertical frame bone 210L and the leftmost of the one vertical internal bones 310, that is, the vertical internal bone 310 closest to the left vertical frame bone 210L in the lateral direction Y, three of the one vertical internal bones 310 are located.

[0060] Furthermore, (M1 / L1) and (Q1 / P1) respectively mean the following: (M1 / L1): The ratio of the force transmitted to the left vertical frame bone 210L (pressure WL1 on the left vertical frame bone 210L) to the pressure WL2 on the left specific longitudinal endocardium bone 310V (hereinafter referred to as the "force transmission ratio toward the left vertical frame bone 210L") (see upper panel of Figure 4 and upper panel of Figure 6). (Q1 / P1): The ratio of the force transmitted to the lower transverse frame bone 220D (pressure WD1 on the lower transverse frame bone 220D) to the pressure WD2 on the lower specific transverse endocardium bone 320V (hereinafter referred to as the "force transmission ratio toward the lower transverse frame bone 220D"). Note that any force of the pressure WL2 on the left specific longitudinal endocardium bone 310V that is not transmitted to the left vertical frame bone 210L is absorbed by the bending of the left specific longitudinal endocardium bone 310V. Furthermore, of the compressive force WD2 applied to the lower specific transverse endocardium 320V, the force not transmitted to the lower transverse frame bone 220D is absorbed by the bending of the lower specific transverse endocardium 320V. Note that the M transverse endocardium 320 between the left specific longitudinal endocardium 310V and the first apical portion A11 is shorter in length in the lateral direction Y than the L transverse endocardium 320. Also, the compressive force due to growth of the transverse endocardium 320 is greater the longer the transverse endocardium 320 is in length in the lateral direction Y. Therefore, since the compressive force due to growth of the M transverse endocardium 320 is smaller than the compressive force due to growth of the L transverse endocardium 320, the influence of the M transverse endocardium 320 on the left longitudinal frame bone 210L is relatively small. Similarly, the length of the one longitudinal endoskeleton Q 310 between the lower specific transverse endoskeleton 320V and the first apical portion A21 is shorter in the longitudinal direction Z than the length of the one longitudinal endoskeleton P 310. Also, the compressive force due to growth of the longitudinal endoskeleton 310 is greater the longer the length of the longitudinal endoskeleton 310 in the longitudinal direction Z. Therefore, since the compressive force due to growth of the one longitudinal endoskeleton Q 310 is smaller than the compressive force due to growth of the one longitudinal endoskeleton P 310, the effect of the compressive force due to growth of the one longitudinal endoskeleton Q 310 on the lower transverse frame endoskeleton 220D is relatively small. In addition, generally, for example, to suppress distortion of the grid body for lead-acid batteries, the difference between the compressive force WL2 on the left specific longitudinal endoskeleton 310V and the compressive force WD2 on the lower specific transverse endoskeleton 320V is small.

[0061] Based on the above, relation (1) means that, in the vicinity of the first apex C1, the ratio of force transmission toward the lower horizontal frame bone 220D is smaller than the ratio of force transmission toward the left vertical frame bone 210L. Therefore, when relation (1) is satisfied, the ratio of force transmission toward the lower horizontal frame bone 220D (Q1 / P1) is smaller than the ratio of force transmission toward the left vertical frame bone 210L (M1 / L1). As a result, in the vicinity of the first apex C, the absolute value of the difference between the pressing force WL1 toward the left vertical frame bone 210L and the pressing force WD1 toward the lower horizontal frame bone 220D becomes larger. For example, compared to the case where (M1 / L1) = (Q1 / P1), the deformation of the first apex C1 can be suppressed.

[0062] In the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, the following relationship (K1) holds true for L1, M1, P1, and Q1: L1≧P1 and M1≧Q1, or L1≦P1 and M1≦Q1...(K1) This relationship (K1) means that the relative number of transverse endocardium 320 and the number of longitudinal endocardium 310 are the same on the inside (hereinafter referred to as the "inner portion of the specific endocardium") and outside (hereinafter referred to as the "outer portion of the specific endocardium") of the specific transverse endocardium 320V and the specific longitudinal endocardium 310V. The relative numbers of transverse endocardium 320 and longitudinal endocardium 310 differ between the medial and lateral parts of a particular endocardium. For example, if the number of transverse endocardium 320 is smaller than the number of longitudinal endocardium 310 in the medial part of the particular endocardium, and the number of transverse endocardium 320 is greater than or equal to the number of longitudinal endocardium 310 in the lateral part of the particular endocardium (L1 < P1 and M1 ≥ Q1), then the difference between the number of transverse endocardium 320 in the medial and lateral parts of the particular endocardium, which is (L1 - M1), and the difference between the number of longitudinal endocardium 310 in the medial and lateral parts of the particular endocardium, which is (P1 - Q1), becomes larger. Specifically, (P1 - Q1) will be relatively larger than (L1 - M1). (P1-Q1) As the number of bones increases, the ratio (Q1 / P1) of the number of longitudinal endocardium 310 in the outer part of the specific endocardium to the number of longitudinal endocardium 310 in the inner part of the specific endocardium decreases. This can lead to a decrease in the strength between the lower specific transverse endocardium 320V and the lower transverse frame bone 220D, or an increase in the electrical resistance between the lower specific transverse endocardium 320V and the lower transverse frame bone 220D, which may result in a decrease in the strength of the lattice body 140 or a decrease in the uniformity of electrical resistance. In the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, the relative size of the number of transverse endocardium 320 and the number of longitudinal endocardium 310 is the same in the inner and outer parts of the specific endocardium. Therefore, compared to the case where this relative size differs between the inner and outer parts of the specific endocardium, it is possible to suppress distortion of the lattice body 140, etc., by configuring it to satisfy the above relational expression (1), and it is also possible to suppress an increase in electrical resistance.

[0063] Furthermore, the condition for suppressing the deformation of the second apex C2 is that the following relationship shown in (2) holds for L2, M2, P2, and Q2 in the lattice body 140, as described below: (M2 / L2) > (Q2 / P2) ... (2) Also, in the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, the following relationship shown in (K2) holds for the above L2, M2, P2, and Q2. L2≧P2 and M2≧Q2, or L2≦P2 and M2≦Q2...(K2) The conditions for suppressing the deformation of the second apex C2 and the relational expression (K2) can be understood by substituting "L1, M1, P1, Q1" with "L2, M2, P2, Q2", "pressure WL1 on the left vertical frame bone 210L" with "pressure WR1 on the right vertical frame bone 210R", "first apex side portion A11" with "second apex side portion A31", "first apex side portion A21" with "second apex side portion A22", and "specific longitudinal endobone 310V on the left side" with "specific longitudinal endobone 310V on the right side", so a detailed explanation is omitted. The lengths of the first top portion A11 and the first top portion A21 correspond to the first reference length in the claims, and the lengths of the second top portion A31 and the second top portion A22 correspond to the second reference length in the claims. The second reference length is shorter than both half the length F2 of the lower horizontal frame bone 220D and half the length F3 of the right vertical frame bone 210R. In this embodiment, the second reference length is at least 1 / 10 of the shorter of the length F2 of the lower horizontal frame bone 220D and the length F3 of the right vertical frame bone 210R, and at least 2 / 5 of the shorter length. The lengths of the first top portion A11 and the first top portion A21 and the lengths of the second top portion A31 and the second top portion A22 may be the same or different.

[0064] A-4. Comparison of the lattice body 140 of this embodiment with the lattice body 140X of the comparative example: As described above, in the comparative example lattice body 140X, in the inner part 300X, all longitudinal internal bones 310 are continuously connected from the upper transverse frame bone 220U to the lower transverse frame bone 220D, and there is no continuous space E. In the comparative example lattice body 140X, as shown in the upper part of Figure 6, with respect to the transverse direction Y, the number of transverse internal bones 320 L1 is 5, and the number of transverse internal bones 320 M1 is 5. Also, as shown in the lower part of Figure 6, with respect to the longitudinal direction Z, the number of longitudinal internal bones 310 P1 is 5, and the number of longitudinal internal bones 310 Q1 is 5. For this reason, in the comparative example lattice body 140X, (M1 / L1) = (Q1 / P1) = 1, and the above relation (1) is not satisfied. Thus, when the force transmission ratio toward the left vertical frame 210L (M1 / L1) and the force transmission ratio toward the lower horizontal frame 220D (Q1 / P1) are the same, the pressing force WL1 toward the left vertical frame 210L and the pressing force WD1 toward the lower horizontal frame 220D are approximately the same, and the left vertical frame 210L and the lower horizontal frame 220D are pressed by approximately equal forces. For this reason, in the comparative example lattice 140X, the occurrence of deformation of the first apex C1 cannot be suppressed.

[0065] In contrast, in the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, as described above, a first continuous space E1 exists near the first apex C1 due to the missing longitudinal endoskeleton 310L on the left side. In the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, as shown in the upper part of Figure 4, with respect to the lateral direction Y, the number of transverse endoskeletons L1 is 5, and the number of transverse endoskeletons M1 of the transverse endoskeletons 320 is 5. Also, as shown in the lower part of Figure 4, with respect to the longitudinal direction Z, the number of longitudinal endoskeletons P1 is 5, and the number of longitudinal endoskeletons Q1 of the longitudinal endoskeletons 310 is 2. Therefore, in the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, (M1 / L1) > (Q1 / P1), and the above relation (1) is satisfied. Thus, if the force transmission ratio toward the left vertical frame 210L (M1 / L1) and the force transmission ratio toward the lower horizontal frame 220D (Q1 / P1) do not match, the pressing force WL1 toward the left vertical frame 210L and the pressing force WD1 toward the lower horizontal frame 220D will be different, and the left vertical frame 210L and the lower horizontal frame 220D will be pressed by different forces. For this reason, the lattice body 140 of this embodiment can suppress the occurrence of deformation of the first apex C1 compared to the lattice body 140X of the comparative example.

[0066] Furthermore, in the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, as described above, a second continuous space E2 exists near the second apex C2 due to the missing longitudinal endoskeleton 310R on the right side. In the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, as shown in the upper part of Figure 5, with respect to the lateral direction Y, the number L2 of the transverse endoskeleton 320 is 3, and the number M2 of the transverse endoskeleton 320 is 3. Also, as shown in the lower part of Figure 5, with respect to the longitudinal direction Z, the number P2 of the longitudinal endoskeleton 310 is 3, and the number Q2 of the longitudinal endoskeleton 310 is 2. Therefore, in the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, (M2 / L2) > (Q2 / P2), and the above relation (2) is satisfied. Thus, if the force transmission ratio toward the right vertical frame 210R (M2 / L2) and the force transmission ratio toward the lower horizontal frame 220D (Q2 / P2) do not match, the pressing force WR1 toward the right vertical frame 210R and the pressing force WD1 toward the lower horizontal frame 220D will be different, and the right vertical frame 210R and the lower horizontal frame 220D will be pressed by different forces. For this reason, the lattice body 140 of this embodiment can suppress the occurrence of deformation of the second apex C2 compared to the lattice body 140X of the comparative example.

[0067] Furthermore, in the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, in a lateral Y view, at least one of the M transverse internal bones 320 is located on the lower transverse frame bone 220D side with respect to the center A11M of the first apex portion A11 of the left vertical frame bone 210L. On the other hand, in a vertical Z view, all of the Q transverse internal bones 310 are located on the opposite side from the left vertical frame bone 210L with respect to the center A21M of the first apex portion A21 of the lower transverse frame bone 220D. That is, the first continuous space E1 is located at the position closest to the first apex C1. Therefore, compared to a configuration where the first continuous space E1 is located at a position far from the first apex C1, the absolute value of the difference between the pressing force WL1 on the left vertical frame bone 210L and the pressing force WD1 on the lower transverse frame bone 220D becomes larger at a position closer to the first apex C1, thus more effectively suppressing the deformation of the first apex C1.

[0068] Furthermore, the wider the width in the lateral direction Y of a single continuous space E, the greater the deflection of the specific transverse internal bone 320V constituting the continuous space E. This allows the specific transverse internal bone 320V to effectively absorb the pressing force due to the growth of the longitudinal internal bone 310, thereby more effectively reducing the pressing force on the lower transverse frame bone 220D. In the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, three longitudinal internal bones 310 are located between the left longitudinal frame bone 210L and the longitudinal internal bone 310 closest to the left longitudinal frame bone 210L among the one longitudinal internal bone 310 Q, in a view in the longitudinal direction Z. That is, the width in the lateral direction Y of the first continuous space E1 is approximately four times the spacing D between the longitudinal internal bones 310. Therefore, compared to the case where the width Y in the lateral direction of the first continuous space E1 is less than three times the spacing D between the longitudinal internal bones 310, the absolute value of the difference between the pressing force WL1 on the left longitudinal frame bone 210L and the pressing force WD1 on the lower lateral frame bone 220D becomes even larger, thus more effectively suppressing the deformation of the first apex C1.

[0069] Furthermore, in the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, between the left vertical frame bone 210L and the vertical internal bone 310 closest to the left vertical frame bone 210L among the Q1 vertical internal bones 310, (P1-Q1) (3) vertical internal bones 310 out of P1 vertical internal bones 310 are located in a vertical Z view. That is, a continuous first space E1 is formed in the first apex portion A21. Here, the more (P1-Q1) bones there are, the wider the width of the first continuous space E1 in the lateral Y direction tends to be, and the specific lateral internal bones 320V constituting the first continuous space E1 flex greatly, thereby effectively absorbing the pressing force due to the growth of the vertical internal bones 310 at the specific lateral internal bones 320V. As a result, the pressing force on the lower horizontal frame bone 220D can be reduced more effectively, and the absolute value of the difference between the pressing force on the left vertical frame bone 210L and the pressing force on the lower horizontal frame bone 220D can be increased. On the other hand, the more (P1-Q1) wires there are, the more likely it is to lead to a decrease in the strength of the lattice body 140 and a decrease in the uniformity of electrical resistance. In contrast, in the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, (P1-Q1) vertical internal bones 310 out of P1 vertical internal bones 310 are located between the left vertical frame bone 210L and the vertical internal bone 310 Q1 that is closest to the left vertical frame bone 210L. Compared to the case where fewer than (P1-Q1) vertical internal bones 310 out of P1 vertical internal bones 310 are located, that is, when the first continuous space E1 is divided into two or more continuous spaces, a single first continuous space E1 with a wider width in the lateral direction Y is secured without increasing the number of (P1-Q1) bones. As a result, while suppressing a decrease in the strength of the lattice body 140, the absolute value of the difference between the pressing force WL1 on the left vertical frame bone 210L and the pressing force WD1 on the lower horizontal frame bone 220D at the first apex C1 becomes even larger, so that the deformation of the first apex C1 can be suppressed more effectively.

[0070] Furthermore, in the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, as shown in the lower part of Figure 4 and the lower part of Figure 5, with respect to the vertical direction Z, the number of longitudinal internal bones 310 P1 is 5, and the number of Q1 longitudinal internal bones 310 is 2, whereas the number of longitudinal internal bones 310 P2 is 3, and the number of Q2 longitudinal internal bones 310 is 2, so the following relation (3) is satisfied: (Q2 / P2) > (Q1 / P1) ... (3)

[0071] The above relation (3) means that the ratio of force transmission toward the lower transverse frame bone 220D in the vicinity of the second apex C2 is greater than the ratio of force transmission toward the lower transverse frame bone 220D in the vicinity of the first apex C1. The smaller the ratio of force transmission toward the lower transverse frame bone 220D (Q2 / P2, Q1 / P1), the larger the non-conductive region between the lower specific transverse internal bone 320V and the lower transverse frame bone 220D, where the longitudinal internal bone 310 does not exist and does not constitute a current path.

[0072] Furthermore, the closer the non-conductive region is to the positive electrode side ear portion 112P, the greater the electrical resistance of the lattice body 140. In the lattice body 140, the distance between the positive electrode side ear portion 112P and the second apex portion C2 is shorter than the distance between the positive electrode side ear portion 112P and the first apex portion C1. Therefore, the effect on electrical resistance due to a smaller ratio of force transmission toward the lower horizontal frame bone 220D on the second apex portion C2 side, which is closer to the positive electrode side ear portion 112P, is greater than the effect on electrical resistance due to a smaller ratio of force transmission toward the lower horizontal frame bone 220D on the first apex portion C1 side, which is farther from the positive electrode side ear portion 112P.

[0073] In the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, the force transmission ratio toward the lower horizontal frame bone 220D on the second apex C2 side, which is closer to the positive electrode side ear portion 112P, is greater than the force transmission ratio toward the lower horizontal frame bone 220D on the first apex C1 side, which is further from the positive electrode side ear portion 112P, and the non-conductive region widens on the first apex C1 side, which is further from the positive electrode side ear portion 112P. As a result, the increase in the overall electrical resistance of the lattice body 140 can be suppressed compared to the case where the non-conductive region widens on the second apex C2 side, which is closer to the positive electrode side ear portion 112P.

[0074] Furthermore, in the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, the first continuous space E1 and the second continuous space E2 extend in the direction in which the upper horizontal frame bone 220U, on which the positive electrode side ear portion 112P is formed, extends. Normally, in the lattice body 140, the active material is applied in the direction in which the frame bone on which the ear portion is formed extends. Therefore, compared to the case where the first continuous space E1 and the second continuous space E2 extend in a direction intersecting the direction in which the active material is applied, the detachment of the active material can be suppressed by ensuring that the active material is sufficiently applied to the first continuous space E1 and the second continuous space E2.

[0075] A-5. First Modification of this Embodiment: Figure 7 is an enlarged explanatory diagram showing the YZ plane configuration of the portion near the first apex C1 in the lattice body 140A of the first modification of this embodiment. The inner portion 300A of the lattice body 140A of the first modification of this embodiment differs from the lattice body 140 of the embodiment described above in that the first and third vertical inner bones 310 are continuously connected from the left vertical frame bone 210L to the upper horizontal frame bone 220U to the lower horizontal frame bone 220D. That is, in the lattice body 140A of the first modification of this embodiment, the first continuous space E1 is located at a position away from the first apex C1.

[0076] In the first modified lattice body 140A of this embodiment, the portion between the lower specific transverse internal bone 320V and the lower transverse frame bone 220D is missing in the second longitudinal internal bone 310 from the left vertical frame bone 210L, and the missing longitudinal internal bone 310 creates a first continuous space E1 near the first apex C1. In the first modified lattice body 140A of this embodiment, as shown in the upper part of Figure 7, with respect to the transverse direction Y, the number of transverse internal bones L1 is 5, and the number of transverse internal bones M1 is 5. Also, as shown in the lower part of Figure 7, with respect to the longitudinal direction Z, the number of longitudinal internal bones P1 is 5, and the number of longitudinal internal bones Q1 is 4. Therefore, in the lattice body 140A of the first modified example of this embodiment, (M1 / L1) > (Q1 / P1), and the above relation (1) is satisfied, and deformation of the first apex C1 can be suppressed compared to the case where the above relation (1) is not satisfied.

[0077] A-6. Second Modification of this Embodiment: Figure 8 is an enlarged explanatory diagram showing the YZ plane configuration of the vicinity of the first apex C1 in the lattice body 140B of the second modification of this embodiment. The inner part 300B of the lattice body 140B of the second modification of this embodiment differs from the lattice body 140 of this embodiment in that the second vertical inner bone 310 from the left vertical frame bone 210L is continuously connected from the upper horizontal frame bone 220U to the lower horizontal frame bone 220D, compared to the inner part 300 of the lattice body 140 of the embodiment described above. That is, in the lattice body 140B of the second modification of this embodiment, the first continuous space E1 is divided into two continuous spaces E11 and E12 by the second vertical inner bone 310 from the left vertical frame bone 210L.

[0078] In the second modified lattice body 140B of this embodiment, the portion between the lower specific transverse internal bone 320V and the lower transverse frame bone 220D is missing in the first and third longitudinal internal bones 310 from the left longitudinal frame bone 210L, and two continuous spaces E11 and E12 exist near the first apex C1 due to the missing longitudinal internal bones 310. In the second modified lattice body 140B of this embodiment, as shown in the upper part of Figure 8, with respect to the transverse direction Y, the number L1 of transverse internal bones 320 is 5, and the number M1 of transverse internal bones 320 is 5. Also, as shown in the lower part of Figure 8, with respect to the longitudinal direction Z, the number P1 of longitudinal internal bones 310 is 5, and the number Q1 of longitudinal internal bones 310 is 3. Therefore, in the lattice body 140B of the second modified example of this embodiment, (M1 / L1) > (Q1 / P1), and the above relation (1) is satisfied, and deformation of the first vertex C1 can be suppressed compared to the case where the above relation (1) is not satisfied.

[0079] A-7. Third Modification of this Embodiment: Figure 9 is an enlarged explanatory diagram showing the YZ plane configuration of the vicinity of the first apex C1 in the lattice body 140C of the third modification of this embodiment. The inner part 300C of the lattice body 140C of the third modification of this embodiment differs from the lattice body 140 of this embodiment in that, compared to the inner part 300 of the lattice body 140 of the embodiment described above, there is a transverse inner bone 320 (hereinafter referred to as "additional transverse inner bone 320G") in the first continuous space E1 that connects the left vertical frame bone 210L and the fourth vertical inner bone 310 from the left vertical frame bone 210L. That is, in the lattice body 140B of the second modification of this embodiment, the first continuous space E1 located near the first apex C1 is divided into two continuous spaces E13 and E14 by the additional transverse inner bone 320G.

[0080] The additional transverse endocardium 320G is the transverse endocardium 320 closest to the lower transverse frame bone 220D. However, the additional transverse endocardium 320G is not connected to the third longitudinal endocardium 310 from the left longitudinal frame bone 210L, and does not extend across at least three longitudinal endocardium 310. Therefore, the additional transverse endocardium 320G is not included in the single transverse endocardium 320 L, nor in the single transverse endocardium 320 M, nor in the specific transverse endocardium 320V.

[0081] Therefore, in the third modified lattice body 140C of this embodiment, similar to the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, with respect to the lateral direction Y, the number L1 of the transverse internal bones 320 is 5, and the number M1 of the transverse internal bones 320 is 5 (see upper part of Figure 9). Also, with respect to the vertical direction Z, the number P1 of the longitudinal internal bones 310 is 5, and the number Q1 of the longitudinal internal bones 310 is 2 (see lower part of Figure 9). Therefore, in the third modified lattice body 140C of this embodiment, (M1 / L1) > (Q1 / P1), and the above relation (1) is satisfied, and deformation of the first apex C1 can be suppressed compared to the case where the above relation (1) is not satisfied.

[0082] A-8. Fourth Modification of this Embodiment: Figure 10 is an enlarged explanatory diagram showing the YZ plane configuration of the vicinity of the first apex C1 in the lattice body 140D of the fourth modification of this embodiment. The inner part 300D of the lattice body 140D of the fourth modification of this embodiment differs from the lattice body 140 of the embodiment described above in that the second horizontal inner bone 320 from the lower horizontal frame bone 220D is not connected to the left vertical frame bone 210L.

[0083] In the fourth modified lattice body 140D of this embodiment, the second transverse internal bone 320 from the lower transverse frame bone 220D is missing a portion between the left vertical frame bone 210L and the left specific vertical internal bone 310V, and a third continuous space E3 exists near the first apex C1 due to the missing transverse internal bone 320. For this reason, in the fourth modified lattice body 140D of this embodiment, as shown in the upper part of Figure 10, with respect to the transverse direction Y, the number of transverse internal bones L1 is 5, and the number of transverse internal bones M1 is 4. Also, as shown in the lower part of Figure 10, with respect to the vertical direction Z, the number of vertical internal bones P1 is 5, and the number of vertical internal bones Q1 is 2. Therefore, in the lattice body 140D of the fourth modified example of this embodiment, (M1 / L1) > (Q1 / P1), and the above relation (1) is satisfied, and deformation of the first vertex C1 can be suppressed compared to the case where the above relation (1) is not satisfied.

[0084] A-9. Fifth Modification of this Embodiment: Figure 11 is an enlarged explanatory diagram showing the YZ plane configuration of the vicinity of the first apex C1 in the lattice body 140E of the fifth modification of this embodiment. The inner part 300E of the lattice body 140E of the fifth modification of this embodiment differs from the lattice body 140 of this embodiment in that, compared to the inner part 300 of the lattice body 140 of the embodiment described above, the transverse internal bone 320 connected from the right side to the left specific longitudinal internal bone 310V is not continuous with the transverse internal bone 320 located between the left vertical frame bone 210L and the left specific longitudinal internal bone 310V, and the longitudinal internal bone 310 connected from above to the lower specific transverse internal bone 320V is not continuous with the longitudinal internal bone 310 located between the lower specific transverse internal bone 320V and the lower transverse frame bone 220D.

[0085] In the fifth modified lattice body 140E of this embodiment, one M transverse endocardium 320 and one L transverse endocardium 320 are not connected and are misaligned in the vertical direction Z. Similarly, one P longitudinal endocardium 310 and one Q longitudinal endocardium 310 are not connected and are misaligned in the horizontal direction Y. However, in the fifth modified lattice body 140E of this embodiment, similar to the lattice body 140 of this embodiment, with respect to the horizontal direction Y, the number of transverse endocardium 320 L1 is 5, and one M transverse endocardium 320 is 5 (see upper part of Figure 11). Also, with respect to the vertical direction Z, the number of longitudinal endocardium 310 P1 is 5, and one Q longitudinal endocardium 310 is 2 (see lower part of Figure 11). Therefore, in the lattice body 140E of the fifth modified example of this embodiment, (M1 / L1) > (Q1 / P1), and the above relation (1) is satisfied, and deformation of the first vertex C1 can be suppressed compared to the case where the above relation (1) is not satisfied.

[0086] B. Modifications: The technologies disclosed herein are not limited to the embodiments described above, and can be modified in various forms without departing from their essence, for example, the following modifications are possible.

[0087] The configuration of the lattice body 140 in the above embodiment is merely illustrative and can be modified in various ways. For example, in the above embodiment, the lower end of the missing longitudinal endoskeleton 310L on the left side extends to the specific transverse endoskeleton 320V on the lower side and does not protrude into the first continuous space E1, but this is not the only example. For example, if the missing longitudinal endoskeleton 310L on the left side is not connected to the transverse frame bone 220D on the lower side, the lower end of the missing longitudinal endoskeleton 310L on the left side may protrude into the first continuous space E1.

[0088] In the above embodiment, the first continuous space E1 is shown as being located between the left vertical frame bone 210L and the vertical internal bone 310 that is closest to the left vertical frame bone 210L among the Q1 vertical internal bones 310, but it is not limited to this. For example, the first continuous space E1 may be located between two vertical internal bones 310 that are adjacent to each other in the lateral direction Y among the Q1 vertical internal bones 310.

[0089] In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which the first continuous space E1 is formed by the absence of a portion between the left vertical frame bone 210L and the left specific vertical internal bone 310V in three adjacent vertical internal bones 310. However, the number of vertical internal bones 310 in which such a portion is absent is not limited to this. For example, the number of vertical internal bones 310 in which such a portion is absent may be one or two, or it may be four or more.

[0090] In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which the continuous space E is formed on both the first apex C1 side and the second apex C2 side of the lower horizontal frame bone 220D, but it is not limited to this. For example, the continuous space E may be formed only on the first apex C1 side, which is farther from the positive electrode ear portion 112P.

[0091] In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which the continuous space E is formed facing the lower transverse frame bone 220D, which is farther from the positive electrode ear portion 112P, but the embodiment is not limited to this. For example, the continuous space E may be formed facing the upper transverse frame bone 220U, which is closer to the positive electrode ear portion 112P.

[0092] Furthermore, the continuous space E may be formed to face the left vertical frame bone 210L and extend in the axial direction of the left vertical frame bone 210L, or it may be formed to face the right vertical frame bone 210R and extend in the axial direction of the right vertical frame bone 210R. In this case, the direction in which the continuous space E extends and the direction in which the active material is applied will intersect, but the direction in which the continuous space E extends and the direction in which the active material is applied may intersect.

[0093] In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which the force transmission ratio toward the lower horizontal frame rib 220D in the vicinity of the second apex C2 is greater than the force transmission ratio toward the lower horizontal frame rib 220D in the vicinity of the first apex C1, but the embodiment is not limited to this. For example, the force transmission ratio toward the lower horizontal frame rib 220D in the vicinity of the second apex C2 may be approximately equal to or smaller than the force transmission ratio toward the lower horizontal frame rib 220D in the vicinity of the first apex C1.

[0094] In the above embodiment, a rectangular frame 200 was exemplified as a frame with slightly rounded corners (corner radius), but it is not limited to this. For example, the corners of the frame do not have to be rounded. Also, in the above embodiment, a roughly rectangular frame was exemplified as a rectangular frame, but it is not limited to this. For example, the frame may be trapezoidal or parallelogram-shaped.

[0095] In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which the transverse internal bones 320 extend in a straight line substantially parallel to the pair of transverse frame bones 220, but the invention is not limited to this. For example, the transverse internal bones 320 may be inclined with respect to the pair of transverse frame bones 220, or a part of them may be bent. In other words, the transverse internal bones 320 may be inclined or bent as long as they extend in the transverse direction Y as a whole. The same applies to the longitudinal internal bones 310. In addition, in the above embodiment, the multiple transverse internal bones 320 may be arranged at different intervals from each other in the longitudinal direction Z. The same applies to the longitudinal internal bones 310. Furthermore, the arrangement interval of the multiple longitudinal internal bones 310 and the arrangement interval of the multiple transverse internal bones 320 may be different from each other.

[0096] Furthermore, in the claims, "extending toward the first frame bone" means that a straight line extending from the part of the first frame bone closest to the first frame bone, along the axial direction of that part, intersects with the first frame bone. Similarly, in the claims, "extending toward the second frame bone" means that a straight line extending from the part of the second frame bone closest to the second frame bone, along the axial direction of that part, intersects with the second frame bone. Similarly, in the claims, "extending toward the third frame bone" means that a straight line extending from the part of the third frame bone closest to the third frame bone, along the axial direction of that part, intersects with the third frame bone. In addition, in the above embodiment, a transverse frame bone 320 corresponding to both the first and third frame bones in the claims has been illustrated, but the invention is not limited to this, and the first and third frame bones in the claims may correspond to separate frame bones. For example, the internal bone corresponding to the first internal bone may be an internal bone that extends toward the first frame bone but not toward the third frame bone, and the internal bone corresponding to the third internal bone may be an internal bone that extends toward the third frame bone but not toward the first frame bone.

[0097] In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which the multiple transverse endocardium 320 are substantially parallel to each other, but the embodiment is not limited to this. At least two of the multiple transverse endocardium 320 may be oriented in different directions. The same applies to the multiple longitudinal endocardium 310.

[0098] In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which the transverse endocardium 320 is arranged so as to be substantially perpendicular to at least one of the pair of vertical frame bones 210, but the embodiment is not limited to this. The transverse endocardium 320 may be arranged so as not to be substantially perpendicular to either of the pair of vertical frame bones 210. The same applies to the vertical endocardium 310.

[0099] In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which the relational expressions shown in (1) and (K1) hold for L1, M1, P1, and Q1 of the lattice body 140. However, if the relational expression shown in (1) holds, the relational expression shown in (K1) does not necessarily have to hold. Similarly, in the above embodiment, an example was shown in which the relational expressions shown in (2) and (K2) hold for L2, M2, P2, and Q2 of the lattice body 140. However, if the relational expression shown in (2) holds, the relational expression shown in (K2) does not necessarily have to hold.

[0100] 22: Battery case 24: Cover 24A: Communication hole 26N: Negative terminal section 26P: Positive terminal section 28N: Bushing 28P: Bushing 28NA: Through hole 30N: Electrode post 30P: Electrode post 100: Lead-acid battery 102: Battery housing 104: Electrode plate group 106N: Negative side strap 106P: Positive side strap 110: Electrode plate 110N: Negative electrode plate 110P: Positive electrode plate 112N: Negative side lug 112P: Positive side lug 114: Connecting member 120: Separator 140: Grid 200: Frame 210: Vertical frame bone 210L: Left vertical frame bone 210R: Right vertical frame bone 220: Horizontal frame bone 220D: Lower horizontal frame bone 220U: Upper transverse frame bone 300: Medial part 310: Longitudinal bone 310G: Basic longitudinal bone 310L: Missing longitudinal bone on the left side 310R: Missing longitudinal bone on the right side 310V: Specific longitudinal bone 320: Transverse bone 320G: Additional transverse bone 320V: Specific transverse bone A11, A21: First apex side part A22, A31: Second apex side part C: Apex C1: First apex C2: Second apex C3: Third apex C4: Fourth apex D: Spacing E: Continuous space E1: Continuous space E2: Continuous space S: Containment space U: Electrolyte

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