YARN DYEING METHOD

Abstract

The invention relates to the method and machine for continuous dyeing of yarn with pigment dyes or dyeing and sizing with pigment dyes in a single step. The machine in question (Figure-1) includes the following steps: dyeing (16) of yarns with pigment dyes, drying (18) or dyeing (16) and drying (18), sizing (17) or dyeing with sized pigment dyes (16,17) and drying (18). If the dyed yarn is to be used as warp yarn in weaving, the beam (20) is fed into the weaving; if the yarn is to be used as weft yarn in knitted fabric production or weaving, the beam (20) is fed into the transfer machine (Figure-2) to wind the yarns onto bobbins (35) and finally transfer them from the bobbins to the bobbins (53). (Figure-4)

Description

1 TARIFF YARN DYEING METHOD Technical Area The invention involves dyeing yarns with pigment dyes for use in the production of knitted and woven fabrics. It relates to continuous dyeing or performing continuous dyeing and sizing in a single stage. State of the Art Knitted with yarns produced from natural and / or synthetic fibers in various constructions, or The coloring of woven fabrics can be done after the knitting or weaving process, It can also be done using colored fibers and / or yarns. 10 Cotton, primarily, and other cellulose-based fibers, as well as other natural and / or synthetic fibers derived from these fibers. Textile surfaces produced by mixing fibers with different methods and dyes. Proper surface treatment is necessary for coloring. Cotton, in particular... including natural oils, waxes, and pectin found in the structure of cellulose-based fibers, fibers and yarns and fabrics made from them have hydrophobic properties. They are. If the textile surface in question is woven fabric and the warp yarn is sized. To achieve even coloring, sizing agents must also be removed. Products made with synthetic fibers do not require such detailed pre-treatment processes. Some of the processes that come to mind when we talk about pre-treatment are desizing, bleaching, washing, and drying. These are mercerization, cooking, and oxidative bleaching processes. Sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide are used in these processes. many types of substances such as peroxide, enzyme, hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, ion scavenger, defoamer, and wetting agent. The following materials are used. The type and proportion of fibers contained in the blend determine the performance and fastness values ​​of the resulting product. the company's machinery and the purpose for which the product will be used, the processes to be applied, It plays a major role in the selection of methods and dyes. 25 Although the products used as clothing vary within themselves, there are many more than just classic cut garments. Demand for sportswear products, known as denim and non-denim, is increasing day by day. Denim fabric is made from cellulose-based warp yarn dyed with indigo and / or sulfur dyes. It is a fabric formed by weaving raw weft yarn with a 3 / 1 Z weave repeat. This fabric is made with... The products manufactured are subjected to various mechanical and chemical effects after garment production, either regionally or completely. 30 It is treated with effects and / or its color is faded. Dyed with indigo and / or sulfur dyes. The problem is that the dye is not absorbed into the center of the yarn, and remains on the surface. 2 When the dye is removed, the color underneath can lighten to white. The weave structure and the fact that the warp yarn is dyed ensure that the warp color dominates the correct side. It provides [this], while the raw yarn color dominates on the reverse side. In dyeing done under different conditions... It is possible to ensure that the dye is absorbed all the way to the center of the yarn, but this is only for denim products. This is an undesirable situation. 5 Water, energy, and dyes consumed in machines where warp yarns are dyed continuously, Labor and investment costs are quite high. There are batch changes and unforeseen downtimes in production. The number of casualties is high. This is due to the machine's long length and high number of cylinders. This increases the risk of poor quality and also leads to longer maintenance and cleaning times. is happening. 10 Nondenim fabrics, on the other hand, have a similar construction to denim products, but with warp and weft yarns... It is usually woven in its raw form and after different pre-treatment processes, different methods and This is a product group that is dyed with dyes. Another application in this product group is pre-treatment. The fabric, which has undergone a finishing process and is made ready for dyeing or printing, is processed after garment manufacturing. The product is also offered to the customer after piece dyeing, piece printing and / or washing. 15 These fabrics, especially during pre-treatment processes, involve significant energy, water, and chemical consumption. This is the issue, and the amount of wastewater is high. In recent years, denim fabrics, where the warp yarns are dyed and woven, have been treated with a top coat after weaving. The demand for coloring (printing, dyeing, coating) is increasing day by day. Top coloring. It is mostly made with sulfur and pigment dyes. Sulfur dyes 20 While pigment dyes bind to cellulose fibers with weak bonds, they cannot bind at all. Therefore, it is bonded using an adhesive called a binder. This binder adheres to the surface. The layer it forms must be fixed at high temperatures in order to remain permanent. This requires additional energy expenditure. Pigment dyes are used as run-of-color dyes. It is stated that the type and quantity of binder and pigment dye used, and the process 25 Depending on the conditions and the type of fiber to be used, the flow rate from the surface varies. Binder Through this method, pigment dyes can be attached to all natural, semi-natural and synthetic fibers. Pigment dye can color all fibers. The pigment is continuously applied to the yarn. dyeing with dyes, and thus producing yarn which is used as weaving weft or knitting yarn. Its use is not currently available. If used as a warp yarn in weaving, pigment 30 It is also not possible to perform dyeing with dye in a single step using sizing. Indigo and sulfur dyes color cellulose and cellulose-based fibers and impart weak pigments to the fibers. Because they are bound, these dyes also exhibit mite dyeing properties. Each dye... It can be removed from the fibers in some way through chemical and / or mechanical processes, but it does not affect the fibers. 3 The flow characteristics differ depending on the processes and processing conditions applied before and after the process. It shows. Each dye and fiber has different chemical resistance. Recently, warp... The production of denim fabric, where the yarn is dyed with indigo and sulfur dyes, is very common. This has increased, particularly with mechanical and / or chemical processes applied after garment manufacturing. 5 Indigo or sulfur dye may be present to a greater or lesser extent, regionally or completely, depending on the conditions. By distancing the image, an attempt is made to create richness in effect and color, but this richness is limited. It remains. The application numbered GB1150168 (A) concerns the sizing and reactive properties of cellulose-based yarns. It refers to dyeing with dyes in a single step. 10 The application numbered JPS60155784(A) concerns the sizing of cellulose-based yarns and sulfur. It is mentioned that dyeing is done in a single step with dyes. Here, the added... Chemical treatment also increases the fastness values. In application number GB2017158 (A), warp yarns consisting of cellulose-based fibers It is related to sizing and dyeing at the same time, but here caustic soda is added to the sizing floc. 15 It is mentioned that it should be done. In application number TR20180006427, the sizing of warp yarns before weaving is the same as... It is a dyeing method and a sizing dyeing machine that works with this method, its features are; Sizing and dyeing are done in a single stage. Currently, 20 products will not be sized and / or will be produced with fibers other than cellulose fiber. coloring of yarns with pigment dyes or in combination with pigment dyes It does not seem possible to perform the sizing in a single stage. When sizing and dyeing are done in a single stage, the yarns are warp-shaped. The yarn is wound onto the levendi (a type of woven fabric) and then the weaving process is carried out. It is colored in this way. and / or the use of sized yarns as knitting yarn or weft yarn in weaving is possible 25 It is not. In conclusion, the problems mentioned above necessitate innovation in the technical field. has brought. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 30 4 The invention aims to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages and problems in the relevant technical field. to make improvements and provide advantages in the production of knitted and woven fabrics continuous dyeing of the warp and weft yarns to be used with pigment dyes or continuous dyeing the process of dyeing and sizing in a single step and the application of this process It relates to the necessary methods and machinery. 5 The main purpose of the invention is to produce yarns made from all kinds of fibers and fiber blends at a lower cost. energy, dye, water, chemical consumption and number of processes in continuous dyeing process It is the realization of. Another purpose of the invention is to use pigment in yarn that will be used as warp yarn in weaving. The aim is to ensure that coloring with dye and sizing are done in a single step. 10 Another purpose of the invention is to transfer continuously dyed yarn onto bobbins and to use it in weaving. The aim is to enable its use as weft yarn. Another purpose of the invention is to transfer continuously dyed yarn onto bobbins and knit it. The aim is to enable its use in fabric production. Another aim of the invention is to increase the variety of colors and effects in the denim product range. 15 Another purpose of the invention is to dye yarn that has been dyed with the same or different dyes in previous stages. (fiber dye, slasher dye, rope dye, bobbin dye) to change, improve or alter the color Pigments are used to enhance the richness of effects that will be created by subsequent processing. The goal is to ensure it is dyed with dye. Another purpose of the invention is to remove 20 dyes that have been dyed with the same or different dyes in previous stages. Changing the color of the yarn, improving it, or creating effects through subsequent processes. To increase its richness, the only method is dyeing with pigment dyes and sizing. The goal is to ensure it is done in stages. Another purpose of the invention is to process dyed or undyed yarns wound onto open-width spools. dyed and dried again with pigment dye or dyed again with pigment dye 25 This involves dyeing, sizing, and drying the product. Brief Description of the Figures The invention needs to be evaluated together with the figures in order to be understood. Figure 1; Yarn Dyeing or Dyeing According to Continuous Impregnation Drying Method. This is a schematic view of a sizing machine. 10. Yarn Dyeing or Yarn Dyeing and Sizing Machine 11. Yarn 12. Thread entry lever 5 13. The Sizzling Pot 14. Paint Pot 15. Sizing Dyeing Pot 16. Sizing / Dyeing / Sizing and Dyeing Tray 17. Sizing / Dyeing / Sizing and Dyeing Tray 10 18. Drying Unit 19. Gauge rods 20. Yarn unloading lever Figure-2; Transfer of Yarns Located in the Large Levent (20) to the Bobbins (Small Levents) This is a schematic view of the machine. 15 30. Transfer Machine to Rollers 20. Yarn Levend 31. Thread Guide Shaft 32. Thread Guide Shaft 33. Sectional Comb 20 34. Fixation bed 35. Reel (Little Levent) 36. Shaft where the pulleys are placed. 6 Figure-3; Transfer of Yarns Located in the Large Levent (20) to the Bobbins (Small Levents) This is a top view of the machine. Figure 4 shows a schematic view of a machine for transferring yarn from spools to bobbins. 50. Transfer Machine 51. Operator Panel 5 52. Control Panel Coil 53 54. Coil Turner 55. Thread Guide Shaft 56. Coil Winding Unit 10 57. Yarn Shipping Guide 58. Paraffin Apparatus 59. Thread Break Sensor 60. Winding Guide 61. Reel Spinner 15 Detailed Description of the Invention In this detailed description, the subject of the invention is related to yarn dyeing or yarn dyeing. dyeing method in which sizing is done in a single stage and dyeing techniques used in this method The machine (10) will not create any limiting effect, only for a better understanding of the subject. This is explained as an example. 20 The yarn shown in Figure-1 (11) was dyed with pigment dye or dyed together with dyeing. Dyeing machine (10) which performs the sizing process in a single stage. as; yarn input beam (12) on which the yarns to be dyed (11) are wound, dye flote the cauldron in which the sizing flote was prepared (13), the cauldron in which the sizing flote was prepared (14), dye together with sizing The cauldron in which the flote is prepared (15), Dyeing, sizing, dyeing and sizing are done 25 boats (16,17), drying units where yarns are dried (18), mixing of yarns 7 Guide gauge rods (19) to prevent obstruction, to be painted or together with painting It includes the yarn output beam (20) on which the yarns to be sized (11) are wound. If instant drying is required on the mentioned sizing dyeing machine (10) Contact drying and instantaneous drying (infrared) drying systems are also available in the drying unit (18). can be added. Depending on the sequence of operations, it can be in a rapid drying unit or in a 5-unit drying unit. It can also be in the entire drying unit. If only dyeing is to be done in the machine mentioned (10), dye flote (14) is prepared, if dyeing is to be done together with sizing, sizing is done first The sizing is prepared in the cauldron (13). Then the sizing is mixed with the dye. The prepared mixture is sent to the paint vat (15). After the desired conditions are met, It is taken to the sizing / dyeing / sizing dyeing (16,17) vat and under the specified conditions 10 The dyeing or sizing process begins. Depending on the type of process to be performed... number and location of preparation tanks, dyeing / sizing vats and drying units according to It can be changed. Dyed or dyed and sized yarns (11) in drying units (18) after being dried, passing through the gauge rods (19) to the exit lever (20) They are hugging. 15 Yarn (11) yarn input beams (12) adjusted according to the number of threads dyeing / sizing dyeing The machine (10) is placed in front of the Dye / Sizing / Sized Dye vat (13, 14,15). By purchasing the predetermined and applicable chemicals, paint, sizing or sized paint is prepared. The mixture is prepared. After the prepared mixture satisfies the desired conditions (temperature, viscosity, etc.) Then they are taken to the boats (16,17). Painting / painting and 20 at the specified speed and conditions. yarn dyed or dyed together with sizing in the sizing machine (10) It starts. After the threads (11) are dried, they pass through the gauge rods (19) (18). Then it is wound onto the exit beam (20). The processed yarn is used as warp yarn in weaving. If it is to be used, Levent (20) is sent to the weaving department to be woven. Processed If the yarn is to be used as weft yarn or knitting yarn in weaving, the yarns are made from the beam (20) 25 Preparation of weft or knitting yarn by transferring to spools (35) and then to bobbins (53) This is ensured. The processes that the woven or knitted fabric will undergo during and after weaving and knitting are determined by the customer. Demand varies depending on the company's machinery and target product. Sizing is the process of sizing the weft yarns to be used in knitted fabric production and weaving. 30 Not applicable. Warp yarn must be made of cellulose-based fibers, primarily cotton, or fibers derived from these fibers. depending on the thickness and type of yarns formed from a mixture of other natural or synthetic fibers Sizing is performed. Sizing can be applied to both dyed and undyed yarns. 8 The product group called denim is made primarily of cotton warp yarn, but also includes cellulose-based materials. warp consisting of fibers and / or a mixture of these fibers with other natural or synthetic fibers indigo and / or sulfur dyeing of yarn in continuous rope or slasher yarn dyeing machine. Dyeing with dye, sizing and 3 / 1 Z weave report with raw weft yarn. It is formed as a result of contact. 5 The machine in question involves impregnating and drying the warp yarn with pigment dyes. According to the method, the dyeing and sizing process is done in a single step and by touching. A denim-like fabric will be produced through a short process. Yarns produced with fibers other than cellulose-based fibers, or with blended fibers, are also produced continuously. dyeing and subsequent use as weaving warp, weft and knitting yarn are involved. 10 will be.

Claims

6 REQUESTS 1. Warp consisting of cellulose-based fibers, other textile fibers and / or mixtures thereof. It is a method for obtaining fabric woven from yarns, and its characteristic feature is;  Continuous open-width 5 in a single stage without fixing the warp yarns. Dyeing and sizing with pigment dyes according to the impregnation method,  Drying of dyed yarns,  Warp yarns together with dyed or undyed weft yarns the touch and the creation of different pattern effects on the fabric surface It is a verification. 10 2. According to Claim 1, the warp threads must be in regular or irregular numbers and / or intervals. dyeing or arranging dyed and undyed yarns according to a specific pattern.

3. According to Claim 1, it is appropriate, provided that the number of boats is more than one and each Preparation of the paint floc in the desired color on the boat and contact between each boat. and / or shock drying processes such as infrared drying, simultaneously drying the warp yarns 15 It involves painting in different colors and in the desired pattern, and then drying the finished product.

4. Warp and / or weft consisting of cellulose-based fibers, other fibers, or mixtures thereof. a process of dyeing yarns and obtaining fabrics woven from these yarns It is a method, and its characteristic is;  Continuous open-width 20 in a single stage without fixing the warp yarns. Dyeing and sizing with pigment dyes according to the impregnation method,  Drying of dyed yarns,  Dyed yarns are used to create different pattern reports and different effects. Transferred from the levent to bobbins and used as weft yarn, warp or weft The fabric must be woven in such a way that at least one of the yarns is pigment-dyed, and then 25 It involves steps to add rich effects through processing.

5. According to requirements 1 to 4, the presence of yarn beams at the machine's input and output, and the yarns... The aim is to prevent entanglement by using gauge rods.

6. Dyeing of yarns made from cellulose-based fibers, other fibers, or mixtures thereof. 30 This is a method for producing knitted fabric from these yarns, and its characteristic feature is;  Continuous open-width knitting in a single stage without fixing the warp yarns. Dyeing and sizing with pigment dyes according to the impregnation method,  Drying of dyed yarns, 35 7  The film layer formed by the pigment dye and binder on the yarn surface. by imparting stiffness and friction resistance to the yarn,  By taking advantage of the mite structure of pigment dyes, different color fadings and Effects are achieved by transferring dyed yarns from the beam to the bobbins and knitting. It includes the steps involved in fabric production. 5 7. Warp consisting of cellulose-based fibers, other textile fibers and / or mixtures thereof. It is a method for obtaining fabric woven from yarns, and its characteristic feature is;  Continuous open-width knitting in a single stage without fixing the warp yarns. Dyeing with pigment dyes according to the impregnation method 10  Drying of dyed yarns,  Sizing  Drying  Warp yarns together with dyed or undyed weft yarns 15 It is a verification.

8. Warp consisting of cellulose-based fibers, other textile fibers and / or mixtures thereof. It is a method for obtaining fabric woven from yarns, and its characteristic feature is;  Sizing of yarns  Drying time: 20  Continuous open-width impregnation in a single stage without applying a fixing process to the yarns. dyeing with pigment dyes according to the method  Drying of dyed yarns,  Warp yarns together with dyed or undyed weft yarns 25 It is a verification.

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