LOW-DENSITY SEMI-RIGID POLYURETHANE FOAM APPLICABLE IN SPRAY FORM.

Abstract

The invention relates to a low-density, semi-rigid polyurethane foam, applied in spray form, prepared using reduced-emission catalysts and inflated entirely with water, without the use of any external emulsifying agents, and the method of its production. It is intended for use in various sectors, primarily as sound insulation material, but also as sound absorption and thermal insulation material, and as vibration and / or shock-absorbing material, in applications such as interior insulation, packaging, and automotive. The invention also encompasses the design of a formula that ensures the stability of a polyol component with a water content of more than 15% and without the addition of any emulsifying agents, without phase separation throughout its shelf life.

Description

LOW-DENSITY SEMI-RIGID, APPLICABLE IN SPRAY FORM. POLYURETHANE FOAM Technical Area The invention is intended for use in the construction industry as an interior sound and heat insulation material. Sound absorption material and thermal insulation in various sectors such as automotive and packaging. The material has a low profile that can be used as a vibration and / or shock absorbing material. It relates to high-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam and the methods of its production. The invention specifically applies to any external emulsifying material as a harmonizing agent. without the use of, with reduced emission catalysts and entirely with water. Low-density, semi-rigid, extruded liquid that can be applied in spray form. It relates to polyurethane foam and its associated production method. State of the Art Polyurethane foams (PUK) are produced using a conventional manufacturing technique with an isocyanate (A a blowing agent in the polymerization reaction of (component B) and polyol (component B). These are two-component systems that expand and form foam with the help of a special material. Low density. In PUK systems, component B consists of multiple components with different effectiveness levels and purposes. It is a complex system in which raw materials are used as input, and component B With appropriate additions, the performance characteristics of polyurethane foam can be improved. Its development can be ensured. Component B essentially consists of a base polyol and a blowing agent. as water, silicone surfactants (surface active agents), emulsifying agents (compatibles), catalysts, flame retardants, cell openers and other suitable It consists of contributions. In low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foams (LDSF), open cell content 3 With a density exceeding 80%, the apparent density of the foam is generally between 5-20 kg / m³. 3 It is in the range of 6-10 kg / m³. Production of low-density polyurethane foam, component B. The formula uses a high amount of water (>15%) as a chemical blowing agent. It requires the use of (by weight). Only water is used as a blowing agent. Low-density YSPUK systems have an Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) of 0 and a global ODP of 2. The Warming Potential (GWP) value is 1, and its environmental impacts are similar to other physical inflation factors. The effect of the agents is much lower. However, the high water content in component B... Its content negatively affects the phase stability of the component during long-term storage. This affects the formula, leading to unwanted phase separations. The formula of the formulator... from the preparation of the product to its storage, from the transportation of the product to the application of the product Detecting this phase distinction during the process leading up to its use is difficult. This situation makes it difficult for the practitioner to... The product needs to be remixed under appropriate conditions before each use. However, if the material cannot be effectively mixed at the application site, This phase separation affects the reaction rate, the cellular structure of the foam, and undesirable changes in final product performance characteristics such as physical, thermal and mechanical strength This causes changes. In previous techniques for solving the phase separation problem, an emulsifier was added to component B. Substances have been added. These emulsifying agents are generally alkylphenols. They are ethoxylates and are most commonly used as nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEs). In patent application number WO0046266A1, such emulsifying agents and General methods for preparing polyurethanes using these. It is explained. Recent studies have shown that NPEs have weak estrogen-like properties. It has been observed that they may exhibit or be endocrine disruptors. Therefore, nonylphenols (NP) and NPEs are included in the new Chemical Action Plan by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). It has been reviewed under the (CAP) program (Nonylphenol (NP) and Nonylphenol Ethoxylates (NPEs) Action Plan, 2010, EPA). This action plan To implement the EPA's Environmental Design (DfE) Program 'Nonylphenol Ethoxylates' It has prepared an "Assessment of Alternatives" report. In this report, more alternatives to NPE are presented. The criteria defining safe emulsifying agents are described, and those that meet the criteria are listed. Examples of emulsifying agents are listed (DfE Alternatives Assessment for...). Nonylphenol ethoxylates (2012, EPA). NPE and its degradation products NP and others. Decomposition components, even at low concentrations, seriously affect aquatic life. These are toxic substances that can be harmful to living organisms and the environment to a degree that they may pose a danger. Therefore, future studies have focused on harmless alternatives to NPEs. 3 Patent application number WO2012021675A2 describes NPEs that have been determined to be harmful. instead, an emulsifying agent (harmonizer) with an HLB value between 10 and 15. alkylethoxylate alcohols or alkyl alcohol ethoxylate (AAE) mixtures with water Expanded polyurethane foam formulations are described. Commonly used ones. Standard emulsifier NPE-9 with Emulsifier-A (AAE with 13.1 HLB value) and Emulsifier-B (of which >50% is derived from a renewable carbon source) The harmonizers, described as AAE, facilitate the phase separation of the polyol mixture (component B). Its effects have been studied comparatively. However, alkyl alcohol ethoxylate (AAE) Formulas containing these substances, despite their high emulsifying agent content, are long-lasting. the continued potential for phase separation in storage and the environmental impacts they may have Besides its negative effects, it also has disadvantages such as increasing production costs. Patent application number US20180086873A1, patent number WO2012021675A2 Referring to the technique of the application, NPE-free harmonizers in some techniques It is used, but these emulsions undergo phase separation in component B during long storage. It has been stated that this will cause problems. Based on these reasons, having high water levels To prevent phase separation in component B, alkoxylated natural oils they can be used as emulsifiers and as replacements for traditional polyethers It is possible to produce low-density spray foam that is inflated with water using this method. This has been explained. Unlike this technique, the present invention uses correctly selected commercial polyethers. using polyols and suitable additives, any external emulsifying agent shelf life for use in low-density YSPUK production without being used. The formula design for component B, which remains stable throughout, is described. Again, US20180086873A1 Unlike patent application number [number], the present invention is the subject of The formulation contains tertiary amines known to affect environmental impacts and living health. instead of catalysts (e.g., bis-(2-dimethylaminoethyl) ether), emission-free and / or emission-based Reduced catalysts are used. 3 In the production of low-density polyurethane foams, such as those with a density of 6-10 kg / m³, a high percentage of water is used. For the reaction between isocyanate and the catalyst to occur, highly reactive and suitable catalysts are required. This is needed. In previous techniques, amine catalysts were generally used for this purpose. It is used. Bis-(dimethylaminoethyl)-ether (BDMAEE) is the most reactive due to its molecular structure. It is described as a blowing catalyst. However, amines with similar properties... Due to their high vapor pressure and strong amine odor, catalysts reduce emissions to 4. They are high catalysts. During formula preparation and spraying, the use of foam... During this period, individuals are exposed to this vapor, resulting in amine exposure, and this The condition causes temporary blue-gray or blurred vision (glaucopsia). This is the case. In patent document number EP2736937B1, these drawbacks are taken into consideration. by using catalyst components with low amine emissions and 3 low-density (6-16 kg / m³) polyurethane foams completely inflated with water The preparation is explained. The relevant document states that at least one emission-free catalyst and The catalyst package containing tetraalkyl guanidine, the method of application, and this catalyst package. The formulation containing the following is described. In this respect, it is similar to the existing patent application. Although it describes an approach, patent document number EP2736937B1 also addresses the environment and NPE-based adaptogens, which have been found to be harmful to living organisms, are being used. Patent application number US4087389A describes fragile and shock-sensitive objects. for use in packaging, a high percentage of water and organic blowing agent 3 Production of low-density (8 kg / m³) HSPCs prepared using It is explained in the application that a high percentage of organic (physical) blowing agent is mixed with water. Physical blowing agents are generally low boiling point liquids. hydrocarbon materials and exothermic substances formed during the polyol-isocyanate reaction. It turns into a gaseous form with its heat and causes the foam to swell, creating foam cells. is trapped. The organic blowing agent used in the invention (trichlorofluoromethane-Feron) 11) It harms public health and the environment by depleting ozone in the atmosphere. Considering the reasons explained in the known technique, low-density YSPUK Production without an external compatibilizer, reduced amine catalyst emission, Products that do not undergo phase separation under storage conditions and have a long shelf life (>6 months) new formulations with simple ingredients and reduced environmental impact that enable its design. and new techniques or methods are needed to create these formulations It is heard. Consequently, due to the aforementioned drawbacks and shortcomings, the relevant The need for an innovation in the technical field has arisen. Purpose of the Invention The present invention meets the aforementioned requirements and overcomes all the disadvantages. a low-grade spray that eliminates the problem and offers some additional advantages. It relates to high-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam (HSPF). The invention is intended for use in various applications such as indoor insulation, packaging, and automotive. sound and heat insulation materials, primarily sound insulation materials, in various sectors. Any material intended for use as a vibration and / or shock absorber. without the use of emulsifying agents, using reduced-emission catalysts, and Low-density, spray-form product prepared by being inflated entirely with water. The goal is to produce semi-rigid polyurethane foam (SRPF). The aim of the invention is to achieve phase stability despite high water content in any given environment. without using an emulsifying agent and providing a low density value low density containing amine catalysts with reduced emissions in quantity and content 3 The goal is to develop a formula for semi-rigid polyurethane foam (SRFMF) with a density of 6-10 kg / m³. The purpose of the invention is to protect against harmful emulsifiers such as NPEs or those whose use is prohibited by the EPA. acceptable, emulsions containing alkyl alcohol ethoxylates (AAE) that do not contain NPE. containing no external harmonizers, including enhancing agents, However, it is fully water-inflated and maintains phase stability throughout its shelf life. Component B used in the production of low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam (LDSF). The goal is to present the formula. Another purpose of the invention is to prevent emissions that would harm the installer and the end user. low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam that does not contain catalysts (YSPUK) is to present the formula. The purpose of the invention is to enable the user to avoid any mixing before spray production. Long-term (>6 months) phase, making it easy to use without needing any processing. Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane that can remain stable without separation. The goal is to provide a foaming (YSPUK) formula. The aim of the invention is to reduce the ozone depletion potential using only water as a blowing agent. Low-density semi-developed zones with ODP (Overall Development Plan) of 0 and Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 1. the preparation of rigid polyurethane foam (RPF) systems, thereby reducing environmental impacts The goal is to introduce a reduced product design. One aim of the invention is to create a formula with simple ingredients that is less harmful to the environment and living organisms. production of low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam (LDSF) materials to provide. Another aim of the invention is to provide efficiency in sound absorption and thermal insulation, in particular. low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam (LDSF) materials, low cost It produces the product through a lean formula design that will enable its production. to place. To achieve the purposes described above, the invention provides for indoor insulation. applications, primarily sound insulation, are used in various sectors such as packaging and automotive. sound absorption and heat insulation material, vibration and / or material Low-density semi-rigid material for use in the production of shock-absorbing materials. Polyurethane foam (YSPUK) is characterized by its formulation containing at least one isocyanate. Component A reacts with component A and at least one parent polyol (polyol 1), at least one emission-free and / or reduced-emission catalyst, as a blowing agent by weight. B contains more than 15% water, at least one silicone surfactant and at least one flame retardant. It includes the component. To achieve the purposes described above, the invention provides for indoor insulation. applications, primarily sound insulation, are used in various sectors such as packaging and automotive. sound absorption and heat insulation material, vibration and / or material Low-density semi-rigid material for use in the production of shock-absorbing materials. It is a method of producing polyurethane foam; its characteristic feature is: a) at least one polyol 1, polyol 2, flame retardant, blowing agent in a container. More than 15% water, at least one emission-free and / or emission-reduced catalyst. and the addition of at least one silicone surfactant and mixing at 500-2000 rpm. obtaining the premix by mixing at high speed, b) This premix is ​​prepared at 10-45 °C, at a mixing speed of 1000-2000 rpm, with a yield of 0.5-5 stirring for 7 minutes c) by adding the blowing agent to the mixture at a mixing speed of 500-2000 rpm After mixing and adding, operate at 1000-2000 rpm for 0.5-60 minutes. Preparation of component B by mixing, d) Component A and the resulting component B should have a weight ratio of 0.8:1.0 – 2.0:1.0, preferably. In the mixing head of the high-pressure machine with a ratio of 1.05:1.0 – 1.4:1.0 Low-density YSPUK will be created by colliding with foam using a foam spray gun. spraying onto suitable surfaces in this manner, It includes the steps involved in the process. The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention are detailed below. This will be understood more clearly thanks to the explanation, and therefore the evaluation This should be done taking this detailed explanation into account. Detailed Description of the Invention This detailed description explains a low-density semi-rigid product that can be applied in spray form. Polyurethane foam (YSPUK) is presented here solely for the purpose of better understanding the subject and It is explained in a way that will not create any limiting effects. The invention is intended for use in the construction industry as an interior sound and heat insulation material. Sound absorption material and thermal insulation in various sectors such as automotive and packaging. The material has a low profile that can be used as a vibration and / or shock absorbing material. It relates to high-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam and the methods of its production. The invention specifically applies to any external emulsifying material as a harmonizing agent. without the use of, with reduced emission catalysts and entirely with water. Low-density, semi-rigid, extruded liquid that can be applied in spray form. This relates to polyurethane foam (YSPUK) and its associated production method. The invention involves a substance with a water content of more than 15% and without any emulsifying agent. the unadded component B can remain stable without phase separation throughout its shelf life A formula that provides protection has been proposed. The invention protects against harmful nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE). Alkyl alcohol ethoxylates (AAEs), which are components and alternatives, have been completely removed and 8 where reduced-emission catalysts are used in place of harmful amine catalysts, and It includes component B, in which water is used as a blowing agent. Component B of the formulation subject to the invention consists of polyols, water as a blowing agent, and a flame retardant. Amine catalysts, silicon surfactants, as well as metal catalysts, cell openers, crosslinking agents, chain extenders, pigments, antioxidants, fillers, It may contain reinforcing materials and also other additives. In addition, adding some additives to component A (isocyanate) side is also possible. It is possible. Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foams (LDSF) have hydroxyl (OH) end groups. Component B, consisting of the main polyol and additives, has NCO end groups. The isocyanate, also known as component A, is a synthetic product and is exothermic. It is obtained by polymerization reaction. The appropriate polyol / isocyanate ratio, Parameters such as component temperature, mixing speed and duration for polyurethane These are important process parameters that affect the properties of foams. In YSPUKs, the open / closed status of the cells is the most important factor affecting sound insulation capability. It is an important structural parameter. Regulating the open / closed cell ratio in foam Controlling the increase in viscosity and phase separation that occurs during formation, mechanisms such as controlling the distribution of flexible and rigid segments in the foam structure This is ensured by controlling these mechanisms with the correct polyol package and with this package. with compatible silicones, catalysts, cell openers, etc. auxiliary raw materials Component B to be prepared with the appropriate component A under the correct process conditions It is possible through this reaction. Depending on the properties of the polyols selected within the scope of the invention, a high amount of water can be obtained. It is ensured that it is retained in the polyol (in component B). The selected polyether polyols are here. both forms the foam structure and retains a high amount of water in component B. It is used as a harmonizer. Other additives included in the formula... (Additives such as surfactants, catalysts, flame retardants, etc.) to support polyol-water compatibility. By selecting component B in this way, it is possible to ensure the phase stability of component B. Accordingly, In the present invention, selected polyether polyols, emission-reduced catalysts, and hydrolysis Non-silicone copolymer surfactants require no external emulsifier. 9 Component B, which has a water content of more than 15%, remains stable throughout its shelf life without being heard of. low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam (LDSPUK) that ensures its retention The formulation and production methods are explained. All these inputs... B, with its quantity and compatibility in the formulation, kept at room temperature. Component A does not undergo phase separation for periods longer than 6 months, and component B becomes component A. The YSPUK obtained from its reaction with the component is small, regular, and more than 90% clear. It is a low-density, sprayable foam with a cellular structure. A polyol is a molecule that has an average hydroxyl (OH) functionality of two or greater than two. composition means (i.e., composition, average per molecule of the composition) (as, it contains more than or equal to two OH groups). A specific polyol, polyurethane Its structure has several important characteristics that determine its performance features. These are the hydroxyl number or hydroxyl valence (OH value) of the polyol, and the OH equivalent. weight, molecular weight, and functionality of the polyol. The average molecular weight (by weight or number) of a polyol is between 100 and 10,000 Da. The average functionality is between 2 and 8. Molecular volume is between 1000 and 6000 Da. Polyols with a weight and a functionality between 2 and 3, flexible polyurethane It is used in foams and elastomers. It has a molecular weight below 1000 Da. and more cross-linking with highly functional polyols By providing this, harder polymer chains are obtained. These polyols have high chemical resistance. It is used in the production of rigid polyurethane foams with thermal resistance. A polyol can be a polyether (polyalkylene ether) polyol or a polyester polyol. Polyester Polyols are highly functional carboxylic acids and polyhydroxyl compounds. It is produced by polycondensation reaction. Available in polyfunctional form. Carboxylic acids include adipic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, and oxalic acid. Succinic acid, glutaric acid, azelaic acid, sebaceous acid, fumaric acid, or maleic acid. Multifunctional hydroxyl compounds that can be used include: ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2 propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4- butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,12-dodecanediol, neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane, It is triethylolpropane or glycerol (glycerin). Polyether polyols, such as poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide) polymers. derived from polyhydric compounds, including poly(alkylenoxide) polymers, diols, and triols. It includes copolymers with terminal hydroxyl groups. Polyether polyols, Traditionally, epoxies or cyclic ethers (e.g., ethylene oxide (EO), propylene) suitable with compounds that have an active hydrogen atom acting as an initiator (oxide (PO) etc.). from addition reaction in a catalyst medium (e.g., KOH, DCM, etc.) It is being prepared. The amount and order of addition of each oxide affect the compatibility and water solubility of the polyol. and affects its reactivity. Polyols containing only PO are largely secondary. They are terminated with hydroxyl groups, and EOs have primary hydroxyl groups. It is less reactive than polyols coated with hydroxyl groups. It is more reactive to primary hydroxyl groups. To obtain the polyols that have this property, polymerization is initiated with PO and in the final stage EO is added. This polyol is called an EO-terminated / terminated polyether polyol. EO-terminated The polymer backbone increases the water solubility of the polyol. An initiator used in the production of polyether polyols that can be used within the scope of this invention. alcohols, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-butane diol, 1,4-butane diol, 1,6-hexane diol, neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, glycerol, diglycerol, trimethylol propane, triethanolamine, cyclohexane diol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol or sucrose and These can be sugars such as low molecular weight polyols, but It is not limited. The initiator used to produce the polyol determines the functionality of the polyol as well as It can also affect reactivity. To increase polyol reactivity, alcohols can be used instead. Amines can also be used. The amines that can be used are ethylenediamine and toluenediamine. 4,4'-diphenylmethane diamine and diethylenetriamine can be formed. The resulting polyols, It exhibits higher basicity than polyols that contain an alcohol as an initiator. And for this reason, it is more reactive with isocyanates. Suitable polyol examples for use within the scope of this invention are the polyethers described above and It may contain at least one member selected from the group of polyester polyols. (Existing) The invention describes at least one method for producing low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam (LDSF). The main polyol used is a high molecular weight polyether polyol. 11 of the present invention On the other hand, along with the main polyol, it can have different functionality and / or different molecular weight. a mixture of auxiliary polyols with varying weight and / or different chemical compositions It can be used. The total amount of polyol used in the present invention is typically B. The component's composition constitutes approximately 5-75% by weight; preferably in the range of 20-60%. Main polyol (Polyol 1) Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foams (LDSF) are partially flexible, open-cell foams. It has a structure. YSPUK properties are mainly due to the polyether polyols used in the formula. with the addition of additives such as catalysts and surfactants to the structure of polyisocyanates. It depends. The functionality of polyether polyols, chain length, and the epoxies used in their production. the type (such as PO and EO) and the ratio of epoxies, the processability of polyether polyols, and this Polyether polyols have a major effect on the properties of polyurethane foams. It has. Polyether polyols, which are suitable for the production of flexible polyurethane foams, generally have a density of 2 to 4. It has a hydroxyl (OH) functionality between them. These polyether polyols are suitable for An initiator compound with OH functionality must contain either only PO or at least by weight of PO. It is obtained by adding a PO / EO mixture with a 70% PO content. However, there are soft, ultra-soft foams and viscoelastic foams, for example. for the production and cell opening of series polyurethane foam, with high EO content. Polyether polyols (i.e., >70% EO content by weight) are also used. Polyether polyols containing a high amount of EO units typically have a 3-block structure. It has a "3-block structure" where the initiator compound (e.g., glycerol) initially only produces PO₄. It is extended with, thus creating a pure PO block. Then EO and PO A mixture of EO and PO to form a mixed block with a random distribution of units. reacting with it and then to obtain a pure EO block at the end of the chain. In the third step, it reacts only with EO. The resulting 3 It is a functional, EO-terminated polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene copolymer with 3 blocks. These polyether polyols, which have a specific structure, generally contain >70% EO units by weight. 12 When polyether polyols have EO ends, the resulting OH groups are primary. These are hydroxyl groups. The PO ends mostly give secondary OH groups. Increasing steric As a result of blocking, secondary OH groups are more numerous than primary OH groups. It reacts slowly. Terminal end groups are highly primary OH terminals. EO-terminated polyether polyols, which have groups, are relatively more similar to isocyanates. It gives a high reactivity rate. However, EO is more hydrophilic and this Therefore, EO-containing polyether polyols are compared only with polyether polyols made with PO. It exhibits more hydrophilic properties than those produced. Polyether with EO content. The hydrophilic property of polyols gives them emulsifying (compatible) properties. In the known technique, conventional polyethers are used in the production of low-density YSPCL. Polyols generally have a KOH / g OH number of 20-60 mg, contain PO, or have low EO. These are three-functional polyether polyols. Preferably with a cell opener. These polyether triols, used together, are generally glycerin-initiated and polymerized with PO. It is processed and then terminated with approximately 20% EO. Traditional polyether Polyols, specifically those with 34-37 mg KOH / g OH number and 4500-4800 molecular weight. These are polyether triols with 10-15% EO end groups by weight. B uses these types of polyols. in the component formulation, with a high amount of water (e.g., more than 10% by weight). The effect of lipophilic additives used together with component B generally Phase separation occurs as water accumulates on the surface. In the present invention, polyether polyols with better hydrophilic properties, i.e., high EO content, are used. Phase separation throughout shelf life with component B formulation design. 3 Component B, which remains stable without it, and using this component B, a yield of 6-10 kg / m³ is possible. The aim is to produce low-density YSPUK foam. The present invention uses main polyol (Polyol 1), has a high percentage of open cell structure that enhances sound insulation capability. While enabling the formation of the YSPUK structure, it acts as an emulsifier depending on the EO content. acting as a phase B component of lipophilic additives with high water content This ensures that it remains without distinction. Accordingly, the present invention uses Polyol 1 is a polyether with a polymer chain structure that is more than 20% EO-terminated. It is a polyol. Polyol 1 is an EO terminal-ended polyol containing approximately 25-40% by weight. Polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene polyether polyols are preferred. Currently available In another aspect of the invention, Polyol 1 is within the polyether polyol backbone. Containing EO in dispersed / located and / or end groups, being inside and at the end 13 The total EO content should be more than 30% by weight of the polyol, preferably 35-80%. It is within the range. Another aspect of the present invention is Polyol 1, polymer chain its structure includes an initiator and a highly active reaction consisting entirely of EO. Polyether can be a polyol. In the present invention, Polyol 1 is formed by combining ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, to create a polyether diol. 1,3-butane diol, 1,4-butane diol, 1,6-hexane diol, neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol, It can be initiated by dipropylene glycol, etc. In the present invention, Polyol 1 is a polyether triol to form with initiators such as glycerin, trimethylpropane (TMP), triethanolamine, etc. It is possible. Another aspect of the present invention is that Polyol 1 is a tetrol initiator with sorbitol. It is possible. Including but not limited to those mentioned above, Polyol 1 is different. consisting of initiators with functionality or combinations thereof They are obtained from the reaction of PO and EO initiators. In the preferred configuration of the invention, Polyol 1 has an average molecular weight of 4000. with a weight, 26-30 mg KOH / g OH number, and approximately more than 25% EO by weight. A polyoxypropylene / polyoxyethylene polyol with a terminal end was used. This polyol 1 is derived from propylene glycol. starting with and terminal group copolymerized with propylene oxide and ethylene oxide It is a high EO content polyether diol with a high amount of primary hydroxyl groups. The invention Another polyol used in its preferred composition is 1,4500 with an average molecular weight. a glycerin-initiated polymer with a certain weight and 33-37 mg KOH / g OH number. High in its spine and at its tip, containing approximately 80% EO by weight in total. It is a polyether triol containing EO. The Polyol 1s preferred in the invention are commercial polyether polyols. and any suitable product with these features obtained from different manufacturers. Polyethers can be used in place of polyols or polyethers with similar properties. Polyols can be synthesized and used. Polyol 1, B used in the present invention. The component formulation contains 5-60% by weight, preferably in the range of 15-50%. Auxiliary Polyol (Polyol 2) In the present invention, an auxiliary polyol (Polyol 2) with different functionality and / or a single polyol or polyols having a specific molecular weight and / or chemical composition The mixture can be used. 14 In the present invention, rigid polyurethane foam polyols, known as polyols with a high OH number, are used. (and highly functional) and low molecular weight polyether polyols It can be used. Although not limited to, sucrose has 8 functionalities, 6 Sorbitol with 4 functionalities, Mannich with 4 functionalities toluendiamine or 3-functional glycerin initiator polyether polyols auxiliary polyol It can be preferred as such. Another aspect of the present invention involves 2 polyols known as flexible polyurethane foam polyols. or high molecular weight with functionality greater than 2 and less than 4 Polyether polyols (1000-10000 Da by weight or number), as Polyol 2. These polyols are available for use. These include, but are not limited to, those previously described. from the reaction of ethylene oxide (EO) and / or propylene oxide (PO) with alcohol initiators The resulting polyether polyols preferably have a functionality ranging from 2 to 3. These are polyether polyols with OH values ​​ranging from 18 to 400 mg KOH / g. A special class of polyether polyols, made by polymerizing tetrahydrofuran. Poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol can be used as Polyol 2 in the present invention. Polyol 2 contains phosphorus, which gives polyurethane foam flame-retardant properties. Polyols are also an option. In yet another aspect of the present invention, Polyol 2 is a diol of a dicarboxylic acid. polyester polyols, including those produced when they react with excess can be used. Examples that are not exhaustive include adipic, succinic, glutaric, Pimelic, suberic, azelaic acid or phthalic acid or ethylene glycol or 1,4-butanediol (1,4- The present invention involves phthalic anhydride reacting with (BDO). converted poly(ethylene terephthalate) or dimethyl terephthalate such as diethylene glycol Sustainable polyester produced by transesterification (glycolysis) in the presence of glycols. Polyols can be used as Polyol 2. The auxiliary materials that can be used in the present invention... Polyols are produced by reacting a lactone with an excess of a diol, for example. An example is caprolactone reacted with propylene glycol. In the present invention, oils derived from castor oil, and other vegetable oils, are commonly used. The resulting biopolyols can be used as Polyol 2. While not limited to these options, 15 from renewable sources such as vegetable oils, vegetable oil derivatives, sorbitol and cellulose Prepared polyols are preferred. Other useful biopolyols that can be used include castor polyols. oil, derived from natural oils such as soy, palm or canola, and sugars, sucrose or It includes those produced from biomass. In the preferred configuration of the invention, it is a sucrose initiator with an average of 450 mg KOH / g OH. A polyether polyol with more than 4 OH functionalities, known as polyol 2. commercial polyether polyol was preferred in the invention, and different polyether polyols were used. from manufacturers any suitable polyether polyol with these properties It is available for use. In the preferred configuration of the invention, another polyol used as Polyol 2 is castor. an oil-based product with a KOH / g OH value of 210 mg and a functionality of 2-2.5. It is a biopolyol. The commercial biopolyol preferred in the invention is from different manufacturers. Any suitable biopolyol with these provided properties can be used. The present invention, including that described above, involves a low-density semi-rigid material. To give polyurethane foam new properties, different chemical compositions and different Polyols with functionality can be used as auxiliary polyols. Existing The amount of Polyol 2 used in the invention is typically approximately 0-40% by weight of component B. preferably in the 8-25% range. Blowing agent Due to the heat released during the reaction of polyol and isocyanate, it exits the liquid phase. These are auxiliary substances that transition to the gas phase and expand the foam structure. They are used in polyurethane production. The most suitable way to swell the polymer is by reacting isocyanates with water. It is the on-site production of carbon dioxide. The primary blowing agent suitable for this invention is water, The total amount of blowing agent used in the formula can be entirely water, or water can be added to the formulation. It is possible to add auxiliary inflation agents along with it. However, these auxiliary agents... blowing agents, compared to existing materials such as carbon dioxide. It is relatively expensive. Auxiliary blowing agents include hydrocarbons such as n-pentane, cyclopentane, and isopentane. chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), hydrochlorofluoroolefins (HCFOs), fluoroolefins (FO), methylene chloride, acetone and 16 These may include combinations of these. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs); HFC- 245fa, HFC-134a, and HFC-365 are hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs); HCFC-141b, Examples include HCFC-22 and HCFC-123. Environmental concerns regarding stratospheric ozone depletion caused by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) Their use has been banned due to this reason. Substitutes with the same effectiveness will replace CFCs. Identifying other blowing agents as alternatives to CFCs remains an ongoing challenge. other blowing agents including hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) HCFCs have been improved. They are still chlorine-containing substances, but their short duration in the environment is shorter. Due to their lifespan, their ozone depletion potential (ODP) is lower than that of CFCs. Other alternatives are currently available or under development. For example, CFCs are a type of carbon dioxide (CFC) that has a lower ODP than hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Easily replaceable. Other alternatives include HFO (hydrofluoroolefins), FO These include fluorolefins, CFO (chlorofluorolefins), and HCFO (hydrochlorofluorolefins). all of this depends on the short lifespan of the organism in its environment. It is characterized by low ODP and GWP (Global Warming Potential). Examples between trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-en or HFO-1234ze; tran-1-chloro-3,3,3- trifluoropropene or HCFO-1233zd; 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene or HFO-1234yf, Mixtures and similar structures exist. In the preferred design of the invention, only water was used as the blowing agent. and the water content is more than 15% by weight of component B. The preferred definition of the invention In its composition, 100% of the total amount of the blowing agent is water by weight. It is formed. Another aspect of the present invention is that the composition of the blowing agent is 50% by weight. It may contain varying amounts of water, ranging from 95% to... In the present invention, the blowing agent The amount of component B should be 15-35% by weight, preferably 17-28% by weight of component B. It is within the range. Catalyst Completely emission-free or reduced-emission low-density semi-rigid Polyurethane foam (YSPUK) quality is traditionally determined by bis-(dimethylaminoethyl)-ether (Available under the names BDMAEE or DABCO®BL11) or pentamethyldiethylenetriamine powerful inflation such as PMDETA or POLYCAT 5 (available under the trade names) This is done using catalysts. However, in the inflation process, 17% of the water... Because a large amount of catalyst is required to react it with isocyanate, High levels of amine emissions during and after foam application. These emissions are occurring and are a safety hazard because they contain volatile amines. glaucopia, characterized by temporary visual impairment, in exposed workers. A medical condition known as [name of condition] can develop due to inadequate ventilation. amine exposure of workers during spraying of enclosed spaces due to this reason can be severe. Exposure to amines after spraying can affect the home. It can also occur during use. With this invention, in order to eliminate these risks, emission-free and / or emission-reducing solutions can be developed. DABCO®BL11 with reduced catalyst and / or catalyst combination only the person who prepared the formula (formulator), the implementer and / or the end development of glaucopsia (temporary blue-gray and / or blurred vision) in the user YSPUK is obtained, which reduces the probability. The formula described in the invention incorporates emission-free and / or reduced-emission catalysts. It can be used individually or in combinations of varying proportions. The main examples of emission-free or reduced-emission catalysts are as follows: N,N-bis(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-N-(2-hydroxypropyl) amine; bis-(N,N-dimethylaminopropyl) amen; N,N,N-tris-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)amine; dimethylethanolamine; dimethylaminopropylamine(DMAPA); N,N,N'-trimethylaminoethyl-ethanolamine; N,N- dimethylaminopropyl-N'-methyl-N'-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; N,N-dimethyl-N',N'-bis(2- hydroxypropyl)-1,3-propylenediamine; N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3- diamine; 2-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)ethanol; 6-dimethylamino-1-hexanol; 2-[[2- (dimethylamino)ethyl]methylamino]ethanol; 2-[N-(dimethylaminoethoxyethyl)-N- methylamino]ethanol; dimethylaminopropyl ure; bis(dimethylaminopropyl) ure; N-methyl-N-2- hydroxypropyl-piperazine; bis(dimethylamino)-2-propanol; N,N,N'-trimethyl-N'-3- aminopropyl-bis(aminoethyl)ether; N-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole; N-(2- hydroxypropyl)imidazole. Some of these are commercially branded: ZF-10, LE-60, LE-425, DPA, ZR-50, ® LED-204 (HUNTSMAN); Niax EF-705, EF-708, EF-708 (MOMENTIVE); DABCO ® ® ® ® NE300, DABCO NE310, DABCO MB20, POLYCAT 31, POLYCAT 37, 18 ® ® ® ® ® POLYCAT 140, POLYCAT 142, POLYCAT 143, POLYCAT 203, POLYCAT ® ® ® ® ® 218, POLYCAT 9, POLYCAT 15, DABCO T, DABCO DMEA, POLYCAT 17, ® ® DABCO NE1070 and DABCO NE1080 (EVONIK) can be given as examples. In the preferred configuration of the invention, it is emission-free or has reduced emissions. Polycat 140 and / or Polycat 31 are used as catalysts. In the present invention... ® The catalyst package consisting of Polycat 140 and / or Polycat 31 is only compatible with DABCO BL11. ® with or with DABCO BL11 and Polycat 5 to provide effective reactivity. It is designed in this way. With the catalyst package defined in the present invention, high water ® In their contents, DABCO BL11 can be provided, phase B of component B throughout its shelf life. It is possible to ensure its stabilization. The emission used in the present invention. Reduced catalyst content: 2-15% by weight of component B, preferably 5-10%. It is within the range. Surfactant Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam (LDSF) has a very rapid reaction. because of the fact that it is happening, in order to ensure foam cell stability with appropriate surfactant and / or surfactant combinations, and open cell structures (e.g., small, regular structures containing more than 90% open cells) (polyurethane foam) formation in the cellular structure is ensured. In the YSPUK formula. Suitable surfactants for use are generally silicone polyether copolymers, and they form foams. By ensuring good foam cell stability during its formation, it prevents foam shrinkage. and prevents precipitation. Examples of suitable silicone surfactants include: Polyalkylsiloxanes modified with polyoxyalkylene polyols, provided they are not limited to these. alkylene glycol modified dimethylpolysiloxanes, alkylene glycol modified dimethylpolysiloxanes or any combination thereof. The present invention may be used individually or in combination with other inventions. ® Silicone surfactants are products of EVONIK company, TEGOSTAB B 8408. ® ® ® ® TEGOSTAB B 8460, TEGOSTAB B 8450, TEGOSTAB B 8486, TEGOSTAB B ® ® ® 8487, TEGOSTAB B1048, TEGOSTAB B 8526, TEGOSTAB B 8523, ® ® ® ® TEGOSTAB B8580, TEGOSTAB B 8870, TEGOSTAB B 8409, TEGOSTAB B ® ® ® 8453, TEGOSTAB B 8444, TEGOSTAB B 8443, TEGOSTAB B 84701, ® ® ® ® TEGOSTAB B 84704, TEGOSTAB B 84710, TEGOSTAB B 84711, TEGOSTAB 19 ® ® ® B 84712, TEGOSTAB B 84715, TEGOSTAB B 84718, TEGOSTAB B 84721, ® ® Examples include DABCO LK 221 E and DABCO LK 443. These inventions also fall within this scope. AddSil, a trademark of SISIB SILICONES, includes the products AddSil-5596, AddSil-5598, and AddSil- 5662, AddSil-5608 surfactants can be preferred. Within the scope of the invention, again, L-5348, L-5340, L-5352, L-6884, L- by Niax™, a trademark of MOMENTIVE 6884, L-6265, L-6189, L-5388, L-6164, L-6186, L-6188, L-5360, L-3001, L-3111, L- Surfactants 3002, L-3222, L-3639, L-36395, L-3415, L-3416, L-3417 It is available for use. In the preferred configuration of the invention, a non-hydrolyzable polyether is used as a surfactant. ® TEGOSTAB B 84701, a polydimethylsiloxane copolymer, is used. ® TEGOSTAB B 84701 is an existing product that uses high amounts of reactive polyols and water. In formula design, low-density YSPUK with its effective stabilizing properties It ensures the formation of a small, regularly structured cell structure in its production. In the present invention... Surfactant usage is in the range of 0.02-4% by weight of component B, preferably 0.5-1.5%. Flame retardant In the production of low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam (LDSPUK), tris are commonly used. Phosphorus-based materials such as (chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCPP) are used, and flame It has a flame-retardant effect, thereby improving the fire-resistant properties of the foam. Flame retardants that can be used in the invention are not limited to TCPP, but include the following as prime examples: tricresyl phosphate (TCP), tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris(pt-butylphenyl) phosphate (TBPP), tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate(TDCPP), isopropylphenyl diphenyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate (TPP), isopropylated triphenylphosphate(IPTPP), tetrakis(2-chloroethyl)dichloroisopentyl diphosphate These are examples of materials such as melamine, expandable graphite, and ammonium polyphosphate (APP). pentabromodiphenyl ether, tribromoneopentyl alcohol, Oligomeric ethyl ethylene phosphate, oligomeric phosphonate polyol, di(2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate (TBPH), Diethyl bis(2- Examples include (hydroxyethyl)aminomethylphosphonate and di(2-ethylhexyl)tetrabromophthalate (TBPH). It can be provided. In the current invention framework, the preferred flame retardant agent is TCPP, and component B is... formulation between 4% and 35% by weight, preferably between 12% and 25% It is used. 20 Isocyanate Polyisocyanate, each molecule containing at least two isocyanate (NCO) functional groups. It is a compound or mixture of compounds that belongs to the polyurethane foam group. The polyisocyanates used in its preparation are aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, and aromatic. The NCO index is selected from among polyisocyanates and their combinations. the actual amount of polyisocyanate used is equal to the total active hydrogen in the reaction mixture. the theoretically required stoichiometric amount of polyisocyanate to react with It is determined by dividing by 100 and multiplying by 100, and is expressed by the following equation: Isocyanate Index = (Eq NCO / Eq active hydrogen) x 100 Any suitable isocyanate may be used in the present invention. Polyether or polyisocyanates previously partially reacted with polyester polyol Prepolymers can also be used. Examples of suitable isocyanates include hexamethylene. diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, phenylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate (TDI), diphenyl methane diisocyanate isomers (MDI), hydrated MDI, from 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate It includes at least one member selected from the group formed. Polyisocyanate, primarily MDI or mixtures of MDIs. On the other hand, 2,4-TDI, 2,6-TDI and Mixtures of these can be used in the present invention. TDI / MDI mixtures are also included. can be used. Other suitable mixtures of diisocyanates, other isomeric and Containing 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate along with similar high polyisocyanates. This technology may include, but is not limited to, what is known in technology as raw MDI or PAPI. It is not. In the preferred configuration of the invention, polymethylene polyphenylisocyanate (polymeric MDI) Polymeric MDI, oligomers with high functionality, and are used. It is a 4,4' diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) based polymeric isocyanate containing isomers, It is a dark-colored liquid product. The NCO content of polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate is 31-32%. g / 100 gr and NCO functionality is 2.6-2.8. In the present invention, low density YSPUK, with an NCO index generally between 20 and 100, preferably between 30 and 60. is produced. The total amount of isocyanate used in the current invention structure is... The preferred composition of the foam formulation is approximately 30% to 80% by weight. Isocyanate usage should be between 40% and 60% by weight of the total foam formulation. It is within the range. In the current invention structure, component A / component B used are weighted by weight. The ratio varies between 0.8 and 2, preferably between 1.05 and 1.4. 21 Other contributions In the production of low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam (LDSF), the foam product Optional modifications to the foam formulation to regulate end-use properties. Different additives can be used. Suitable additives can be added to component A. It can be included as an isocyanate, but is usually added to component B (polyol). In the preferred configuration of the present invention, those mentioned but not limited to are included. Together, cell openers, chain extenders, crosslinkers, fillers, pigments, epoxy resins, acrylic resins, viscosity regulators / reducers, plasticizers or any combination thereof as additives can be used. The amount of these additives is less than the total amount of component B. It can be between 0-20% by weight. Another aspect of the present invention is in the art. other known raw materials or materials are within the scope of the present invention, It is clear that it can be incorporated into the foam formulation. In the preferred configuration of the invention, component B is used as a blowing agent in its preparation. It can be done entirely with water, or with physical blowing agents such as water and hydrocarbons. producing low-density YSPUK with similar properties using combinations It is possible. In this case, with the selection of the appropriate catalyst and surfactant package, a suitable solution can be achieved. It is possible to obtain a reaction profile and a regular foam cell structure. The subject of the invention... Alkyl alcohol ethoxylates and / or other harmful substances used as harmonizing agents in the formulation By adding 1-3% reduced emulsifying agents, the shelf life is extended beyond 12 months. It is also possible to prepare a stable component B in excess. The production method of the low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam, which is the subject of this invention, is as follows: It is as follows; Preparation of polyol (B) component: Polyol 1, polyol 2, flame retardant, are placed in a container. A blowing agent, catalyst, and silicone surfactant are added, and the mixture is stirred at 500-2000 rpm. A premix is ​​obtained by mixing at a certain speed. This premix is ​​heated at 10-45 °C for 1000-2000 minutes. The mixture is stirred at a mixing speed of revolutions per minute for 0.5-5 minutes. Then, an inflating agent is added to the mixture. The agent is added and mixed while maintaining a mixing speed of 500-2000 rpm. Addition After that, it is mixed for 0.5-60 minutes at a rate of 1000-2000 rpm until it becomes a homogeneous and clear liquid. Component B is obtained. 22 Low-density YSPUK production: The resulting component B and isocyanate form A. The components are placed into separate chambers of the high-pressure machine (components A and B). The temperature in the hose lines through which it is transported before mixing is between 30-55°C. (varies). Components A and B have weight ratios of 0.8:1.0 – 2.0:1.0, preferably 1.05:1.0 – 1.4:1.0 in the mixing head of the high-pressure machine at varying rates within the range Low-density YSPUK will be created by colliding with foam using a foam spray gun. varying on a suitable surface (e.g., vertical and / or horizontal surfaces of the dwelling) with thicknesses (2.5 cm-15 cm) and castings with varying numbers of layers between 1-5. It is sprayed. Below are examples to illustrate the invention, and the invention is defined in the examples provided. The formulation is not limited by raw materials / inputs and quantities. The general principle of the technique... persons with knowledge of the invention, in accordance with the described scope and examples with many different modifications, including using alternatives in place of existing ones It is clear that alternatives can be developed. Therefore, the best way to explain this invention is... not limited to examples of regulations and descriptions in the claims of the invention It is intended to cover all regulations, including those mentioned. Examples 3 Previous production of 6-10 kg / m³ low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam (LDSF). Traditional typical formulation contents and usage quantities for this technique are shown in Table 1. is given. The polyol used in the traditional formula is usually an open container that is inflated with water. Polyether triol is commonly used in cellular spray foam applications. A conventional polyether triol has a molecular weight of 4800 and an OH range of 34-37. It is an alkoxylated triol. Nonylphenol ethoxylate is used as an emulsifying (harmonizing) agent. (NPE) and / or alkyl alcohol ethoxylate (AAE) can be used, approximately 10 units. It is included in the formulation. As a catalyst, primarily bis-(dimethylaminoethyl)-ether is used. (BDMAEE), including BDMAEE and the co-catalyst dimethylaminoethoxyethanol. (DMAEE) combinations are used. TCPP and surfactant are used as flame retardants. Silicone polyether copolymer is preferred as the isocyanate (A) component. 3 Polymeric MDI is preferred. Low densities such as 6-10 kg / m³ can be obtained. This is possible by using a high water content as a blowing agent. Preferred The amount of water removed is more than 15% by weight of component B. 23 Table-1: Conventional low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam (CLDF) formulation By weight Polyol Component (Component B) Preferred available amount (%) Polyol Conventional polyether polyol (triol) 25 - 45 Flame retardant TCPP 10 - 25 Emulsifying / Compatible Agent Nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE) and / or Alkyl Alcohol Ethoxylate (AAE) 8 - 15 ® Catalyst BDMAEE (Dabco BL-11) 7 - 10 Surfactant Silicone surfactant 0.5 - 3 Blowing agent Water 10 - 25 Isocyanate (Component A) polymeric MDI 100 - 200 The invention relates to an external emulsifying agent developed using existing technology. low emissions from formulations that do not contain catalysts and use reduced-emission catalysts In order to ensure suitability for high-density YSPUK production, the previous a typical low-density YSPUK according to industrial standards prepared with technology The formulation (Comparative Example 1) is given in Table-2. Formulation Phase stabilization of component B when prepared without the use of compatibilizer The change is examined in Comparative Example 2. The formulas that are the subject of the present invention. (Example 1 and Example 2) are compared with the comparative examples in Table 2. is provided. In comparative examples, conventional polyether polyols contain 33-36 mg KOH / g OH. low (by weight) glycerin initiator with molecular weight 4500-5000 having a certain number A polyether triol containing approximately 15% EO was used. In Comparative Example 1, an emulsifier consisting of mixtures of ethoxylated alcohols (alkyl alcohol ethoxylates) (Compatible) has been used. In Examples 1 and 2, Polyol 1 is used as the compatible. High EO content, enabling formulation design without the need for its use. Polyether diol and polyether triol were used, respectively. Polyether diol was used with propylene glycol. 4000 molecules initiated, copolymerized with propylene oxide and ethylene oxide. It is a reactive polyol with a weight of 26-30 mg KOH / g OH number. Polyether triol, glycerin. 4500 molecules initiated with, copolymerized with propylene oxide and ethylene oxide. It is a reactive polyol with a certain weight and an OH number of 36-40 mg KOH / g. 24 Table 2 shows the phase separation efficiency, including comparative examples. In order to monitor under the same conditions, the same reduced emission catalysts were used. A catalyst package (Polycat 31 + Polycat 140) in the specified quantity was used. Again, see Table- In section 2, the same content and quantity of auxiliary polyol (polyol 2), flame retardant in all samples. (TCPP) and non-hydrolyzable silicone surfactant (Tegostab B 84701) were used. In all the examples shared in Table-2, including comparative examples Only water was used as a blowing agent, and these samples were prepared fresh. Water content was measured and found to be in the range of 16.9-17.3%. Table 2: Comparison of the traditional YSPUK production formula with formulas that do not use harmonizers. Comparative Comparative Polyol Component (Component B), % by weight Example 1 Example 2 Example 1 Example 2 Traditional polyether triol 30,3 39,3 Polyol 1 (polyether diol with high EO content) 39.3 Polyol 1 (high EO content polyether triol) 39.3 Polyol 2 (450 mg KOH / g polyether polyol with OH number) 12 12 12 12 TCPP 21 21 21 21 Nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE) and / or alkyl alcohol 9 unused unused unused Ethoxylate (AAE) Polycat 31 + Polycat 140 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 Tegostab B 84701 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 Water 17 17 17 17 Total, gr 100 100 100 100 Isocyanate Component (Component A) Polymeric MDI, gr 115 115 115 115 Weighted Ratio (A / B) 100 / / 115 100 / / 115 100 / / 115 100 / / 115 Volume Ratio (A / B) 1 : 1 1 : 1 1 : 1 1 : 1 Foam Properties Creaming time, seconds 4 4 3 3 Curing time, seconds 12 11 11 10 3 Foam density, kg / m³ 8.2 8.9 8.7 8.9 Foam cell structure: small, regular, small, regular, small, regular. Polyol Phase Stability Properties Day 8, phase 1, day 8, phase 15 he Phase separation in a 45°C oven sample. there is a distinction, there is a distinction, there is no distinction he The water content of the 45°C oven sample was 22.1%, 39.7%, 24.6%, and 17.1%. Phase 1 at 6 months, day 1, phase 6 at 6 months, phase 6 at 6 months Phase separation in the sample kept at room temperature. no distinction there is distinction no distinction no distinction The phase stability of the B components developed in the present invention is determined by WO2012021675A2 and he Taking into account the approach in patent number US20180086873A1, at 45°C The samples were monitored by applying an aging test. Component B samples were taken in normal environment. under these conditions and placed in an oven at 45 °C with regular daily checks and phase Phase separation has been observed. In previous techniques, the degree of phase separation and the percentage of stability were determined. This was measured as percentage stability versus the height of the total sample. Phase separation was determined by measuring the height of the separated substrate. Phase separation was only visually ascertainable. Since tracking them would lead to errors, in the present invention, the samples are not tracked. By measuring the %water content of the layer in which phase separation occurs, the layer with the highest %water content is determined. This has been determined through change. Comparative studies prepared with traditional polyether triol without the use of harmonizers. In Example 2, phase separation occurs much faster than in Comparative Example 1. The preferred polyethers in Examples 1 and 2 are those with finite EO and / or high EO content. Phase separation of component B prepared with polyols without the use of compatibilizers, commercial This has not occurred over long periods of time that would ensure a shelf life (6 months). The results obtained in all shared examples, including comparative examples The foam possesses properties suitable for a low-density YSPUK structure. All samples... Reaction times such as creaming and hand curing, and foam density values ​​are very important. They are similar. The formulation prepared in Example 1 was subjected to a 45°C oven test. A detailed phase stability study, along with foam properties, is given in Table 3. Observational phase separation status of samples taken from the oven at specified intervals. After examination, a sample is taken from the top surface of the specimen and tested for % water content. This was done. Polyol mixtures and foam in undisturbed sample containers. The phase separation was cross-checked by performing a casting. Accordingly, in Example 1 Polyol was detected in component B after 8 days of incubation at 45°C. Phase separation begins with surface ripples and turbidity; phase separation becomes clear on day 9. Example 1 shows the phase separation that occurred on the 9th day in an oven at 45 °C, compared to the phase separation at room temperature. No phase separation occurred for 6 months. The foam samples were taken for each day. A structural breakdown that will negatively affect reaction time and foam properties. It has not been seen. 26 he Table 3: Phase separation status of Sample 1 in a 45°C oven. Number of Days Waited Day 0 Day 1 Day 3 Day 6 Day 9 Thin phase at the top Phase separation appearance: none, none, none, none There is a distinction. Phase stability, 100% 100% 100% 100% 95.7 Water content (upper phase), % 16.9 16.9 16.7 17.0 25.1 Reaction profile, sec 3 / / 11 3 / / 11 3 / / 11 3 / / 11 3 / / 11 3 Foam density, kg / m³ 8.8 8.8 8.7 8.9 8.5 Foam cell structure: small, regular, small, regular, small, regular, small, regular No cell collapse in the foam, no, no, no, no, no. No shrinkage / shrinkage in the foam, no, no, no, no, no. In the formulas prepared without the use of harmonizers, which are the subject of the present invention, polyol Another parameter affecting phase stability is the use of high EO content polyether polyol. It is the ratio of the amount to the total amount of TCPP and water used in the formula. This situation Examples illustrating this are given in Table 4, compared to Example 1. Example In section 1, the amount of polyether diol (Example: 39.3 g) is the sum of TCPP and water. (Example: 38 g) The ratio is approximately 1. In Examples 3 and 4, the catalyst is silicone surfactant. The amounts of TCPP and polyether diol were determined by keeping the amounts of auxiliary polyol (Polyol 2) and water constant. It has been modified. In Example 3, phase separation became very clear in as little as 2 days, while in Example Phase separation formation in step 4 has been delayed to meet the shelf life requirements. Table 4: Formulas showing the change in phase separation properties when component B ratios differ. Polyol Component (Component B), % by weight Example 1 Example 3 Example 4 Polyol 1 (polyether diol with high EO content) 39.3 32.3 42.3 Polyol 2 (polyether polyol with 450 mg KOH / g OH) 12 12 12 TCPP 21 23 13 Nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE) and / or alkyl alcohol unused unused unused Ethoxylate (AAE) Polycat 31 + Polycat 140 9.5 9.5 9.5 Tegostab B 84701 1,2 1,2 1,2 Water 17 22 22 Total, gr 100 100 100 Isocyanate Component (Component A) Polymeric MDI, gr 115 115 115 Weighted Ratio (A / B) 100 / / 115 100 / / 115 100 / / 115 Volume Ratio (A / B) 1 : 1 1 : 1 1 : 1 Foam Properties Creaming time, sec 3 4 4 27 Curing time, sec 11 11 11 3 Foam density, kg / m³ 8.7 8.9 8.5 Foam cell structure: small, regular, small, regular, regular Polyol Phase Stability Properties Phase 2 on day 8, phase 2 on day 9 he Phase separation in a 45°C oven sample. There is a distinction, there is a distinction, there is no distinction. he The water content of the 45°C oven sample was 24.6%, 45.8%, and 22.1%. Phase separation at 6 months, phase on day 2, phase separation at 6 months. Phase separation in the sample kept at room temperature. There is no distinction, there is no Designed for low-density YSPUK production without the use of compatibilizers. Biopolyols can also be used as auxiliary polyols in the formula. Subject to the current patent. The formula in question uses a castor oil-based biopolyol. Phase separation of the biopolyol formula. The properties and YSPUK properties generated with this formula, along with Example 1, are given in Table-5. is provided. These two formulas, which are outputs of the present invention, do not use any harmonizer. Reduced emission catalyst package, non-hydrolyzable silicone surfactant and high Component B, prepared from these formulas containing a certain amount of water, remains in phase throughout its shelf life. It remains stable without distinction. Component B of Examples 1 and 5. Properties of foams obtained from isocyanate reaction are commercially available in low-density foams. It meets the requirements of YSPUK. This depends on the quality of the selected polyols and other inputs and... depending on the quantity and with all formula inputs and appropriate preparation methods B Component B is being prepared. With these components, mechanical strength, dimensional stability, 6- 3 without sacrificing properties such as low density in kg / m³, etc. Low-density semi-rigid material that does not exhibit any structural deformation such as collapse. Polyurethane foam (YSPUK) is produced using a spray application technique. The invention features a cellular structure that provides sound absorption and thermal insulation. suitable for use in the production of low-density YSPUK materials Catalytic efficiency, reduced emissions, easy application for the consumer. component B, which provides stability without phase separation throughout its shelf life. The formulation has been provided. In the invention, harmful emulsifiers such as NPE or their derivatives are avoided. Any external emulsifier, including NPE-free alternatives. 28 Component B used in the production of fully water-inflated low-density YSPUK. This has been achieved. Furthermore, the invention does not cause harm to the manufacturer, the implementer, or the end-user. There are no catalysts that cause emissions or that produce them. Those with reduced emissions were used. Table 5: Performance characteristics of YSPUK in Sample 1 and the biopolyol-containing formula. Polyol Component (Component B), % by weight Sample 1 Sample 5 Polyol 1 (polyether diol with high EO content) 39.3 37.3 Polyol 2 (450 mg KOH / g polyether polyol with OH number) 12 Polyol 2 (biopolyol with OH number 210 mg KOH / g) 20 TCPP 21 15 Nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE) and / or alkyl alcohol unused unused Ethoxylate (AAE) Polycat 31 + Polycat 140 9.5 9.5 Tegostab B 84701 1,2 1,2 Water 17 17 Total, gr 100 100 Isocyanate Component (Component A) Polymeric MDI, gr 115 115 Weighted Ratio (A / B) 100 / / 115 100 / / 115 Volume Ratio (A / B) 1 : 1 1 : 1 Foam Properties Creaming time, seconds 3-5 Curing time, seconds 11-14 3 Foam density, kg / m³ 8.7 8.5 Foam cell structure: small, regular, small, regular There was no cell collapse in the foam. There was no shrinkage / contraction in the foam. Open cell content, 95.8% 96.6% Compressive strength, kPa 14.9 13.3 Tensile strength, kPa 23.3 22.0 he Dimensional stability @ 80°C, 24 hours: 0.57 - 0.78 he Dimensional stability @ 70°C, 97% humidity, 7 days 2.18 1.40 he Dimensional stability @ -20°C, 24 hours 0.57 0.36 Polyol Phase Stability Properties he Phase separation in the 45°C oven sample: Phase separation is present on day 8; Phase separation is absent on day 8. he The water content of the 45°C oven sample was 24.6% and 17.2%. Phase separation in the sample kept at room temperature: No phase separation after 6 months. 29 The invention eliminates the need for the applicator to mix the spray before application. without the need for further processing, in a way that will make it easier for the user to utilize. Component B emerges that can remain stable without phase separation for a period of time (>6 months). It has been placed. The invention relates to the reaction of component B and component A under suitable spraying conditions. 3 Especially suitable for sound and heat insulation in indoor applications, 6-10 kg / m² dense, with a high percentage of open cells (>90%) and a small, regular cell structure. It is possible to produce YSPUK with high mechanical and dimensional strength. In addition, In the present invention, shelf life is used for use in the production of low-density YSPUK. Component B having biopolyol content (>20% by weight) with no phase separation throughout. The formulation has been revealed.

Claims

1. Indoor insulation applications are used in various sectors such as packaging and automotive, primarily to reduce noise. sound absorption and heat insulation material, vibration and / or insulation material. Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane for use in the production of shock-absorbing materials. It is a foam (YSPUK), and its characteristic is that the formulation consists of component A, which is at least one isocyanate. harmful emulsifiers such as nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEs) that react with the component or emulsifying agents such as alkyl alcohol ethoxylates (AAEs) that do not contain NPE without any external compliant and stored at 4-30 ᵒC for at least 6 months. It has phase-stability properties and contains at least 5-60% by weight of at least one main polyol (polyol 1) 15-35% water as a blowing agent, 2-15% emission-free and / or emission-containing reduced catalyst, 4-35% flame retardant and 0.02-4% silicone surfactant formed and containing at least one main polyol (polyol 1), at least one emission-free and / or emission-reduced catalyst, more than 15% water by weight, at least one silicone surfactant and at least one flame retardant It contains component B.

2. Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to Claim 1, with the characteristic of being a polyether polyol. containing EO distributed / located within the spine and / or in terminal end groups, internally and The total EO content, preferably at the end, should be more than 30% by weight of the polyether polyol. It has a polymer chain structure with 35-80% and 25-40% EO ends. polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene polyether is a polyol or a polymer in a chain structure. It has the characteristic of being a polyether polyol with high reaction activity, containing initiator and fully EO. It contains polyol 1.

3. Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to claims 1 and 2, with the characteristic that polyol 1; ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-butane diol, 1,4-butane diol, 1,6-hexane diol, neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, glycerin, trimethyl propane (TMP), triethanolamine, sorbitol, Those mentioned, but not limited to, have different functionalities and these initiators consisting of combinations of PO and polyether polyol with 25-80% by weight. It is obtained from an EO reaction that takes place within the range of 100°.

4. Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to claims 1-3, with the characteristic of being an EO polyol.

1. It can be randomly positioned within the backbone or at the end of the polymer chain. 35 5 It is a low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to Claims 1-4, and its characteristic is that polyol 1 Having an average molecular weight of 4000 and an OH number of 26-30 mg KOH / g, and more than 25% by weight. It is a polyoxypropylene / polyoxyethylene diol with an excess of EO terminals.

6. Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to claims 1-4, with the characteristic of being polyol 1. A polymer with an average molecular weight of 4500 and an OH number of 33-37 mg KOH / g. Containing approximately 80% EO by weight within its 40 vertebrae and at its tip. It is polyoxypropylene / polyoxyethylene triol.

7. Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to Claim 1, with the characteristic of; component B. It should contain 0-40% by weight, preferably 8-25%, of auxiliary polyol (polyol 2).

8. It is a low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to Claim 1-7, and its characteristic is that it is a 2-polyol 2-. Average OH functionality in the range of 45-8 and average molecular weight in the range of 100-10000 sucrose, sorbitol, with a certain weight and an average OH value in the range of 20-650 mg KOH / g, Mannich polyether polyol with toluendiamine, glycerin initiator or combinations thereof. It is the fact that. 1 9. Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to claims 1-8, with the characteristic of being polyol 2. Sucrose-glycerin with a functionality greater than 4 and an average OH value of 450 mg KOH / g. It is a polyether polyol with an initiator.

10. Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to claims 1-8, with the characteristic of being polyol 2. Castor oil based, with a KOH / g OH value of 210 mg, approximately 270 equivalent weight and 2-3 It is a biopolyol that possesses functionality.

11. It is a low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to Claim 1, and its properties are as described above. It can ensure the stabilization of component B throughout the shelf life of the catalyst and is water-soluble. It is a characteristic that...

12. It is a low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to Claim 1, and its properties are as described above. The flame retardant is TCPP.

13. Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to Claim 1, with the characteristic of; component B The silicone surfactant used is a polyether polydimethylsiloxane copolymer.

14. Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to Claim 1, with the characteristic of; component B. 0.05-20% by weight of cell opener, chain extender, crosslinker, and filler. The material is a group consisting of a pigment, a viscosity regulator, and a plasticizer. It includes contributions containing selected individuals or combinations thereof.

15. Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to Claim 1, with the following characteristics: as mentioned in A. Polymethylene with an NCO content of 31-32 g / 100 g and an NCO functionality of 2.6-2.

8. It is a polyphenyl isocyanate.

16. Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to claims 1-15, with the characteristic of being isocyanate. The amount should be 40-60% by weight of the total foam formulation.

17. It is a low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to claims 1-16, and its properties are as follows: The reactivity of the aforementioned component B when incubated at 45°C for 9 days... Enabling the production of low-density YSPCL in a suitable structure without loss, with a phase greater than 95%. It is a polyol component that has stability.

18. Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to claims 1-17, with properties of 6-10. with a density of kg / m3, more than 90% open cell content and a small, regular cell structure, It has high mechanical and dimensional strength.

19. Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam conforming to claims 1-18, for interior building insulation. 35 applications, primarily sound insulation materials in different sectors such as packaging and automotive. including sound absorption and heat insulation materials, vibration and / or shock absorbers. Production of low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam for use in material manufacturing. It is a method, and its characteristic is; a. at least one polyol 1, polyol 2, flame retardant, blowing agent in a container containing more than 15%. 40% water, at least one emission-free and / or emission-reduced catalyst, and at least one silicon the surfactant is added and the premix is ​​mixed at a mixing speed of 500-2000 rpm. obtaining, b. This premix is ​​prepared at 10-45°C, at a mixing speed of 1000-2000 rpm for 0.5-5 minutes. mixing for a period of time, 45°C. Adding the blowing agent to the mixture and mixing at a mixing speed of 500-2000 rpm. and after addition, mixing at 1000-2000 rpm for 0.5-60 minutes. B preparation of the component, 2 d. Component A and the resulting component B should have a weight ratio of 0.8:1.0 – 2.0:1.0, preferably 1.05:1.0 – Foam spray is produced by colliding the foam in the mixing head of a high-pressure machine at a ratio of 1.4:1.

0. spraying onto suitable surfaces using a gun to create a low-density YSPUK (Yield-Free Surface Coating), It includes the steps of the process.

20. This is a method that complies with claim 19, and its characteristic is that component B, prepared in the ac processing steps, The applicator does not need to perform any mixing before spray application. without hearing, in a way that will facilitate the use by the practitioner, at room temperature for more than 6 months It has the characteristic of being able to remain stable over time without phase separation.

21. Low-density semi-rigid polyurethane foam obtained by method conforming to claims 19-20. Its characteristics include a density of 6-10 kg / m3, more than 90% open cell content, and small, regular cells. Its cellular structure and high mechanical and dimensional strength are among its characteristics. 3