Nanofiltration Ceramic Membrane with Titanium Active Layer

Abstract

The present invention describes a nanofiltration membrane incorporating titanium substrate, titanium thick layer, alumina ultrafiltration, colloidal titanium nanofiltration, and polymeric titanium nanofiltration layers that can be used as a nanofiltration membrane for the recovery of hot textile wastewater. To create the membrane, a titanium tube with a porosity greater than 40% was first formed from a mixture of 60% 10-micron and 40% 0.2-micron anatase titanium powder. This tube was then coated with a thick titanium layer that penetrated its pores using a hand casting method. The coated thick layer was sintered at 1000°C. Subsequently, the tube coated with the titanium thick layer prepared from 1-micron rutile powder was coated with a colloidal alumina layer using a hand casting method, and this layer was sintered at 600°C for 3 hours. Then, the colloidal alumina layer was coated with a colloidal titanium layer, and this layer was also sintered at 400°C for 1 hour. Finally, the colloidal titanium layer was coated with a polymeric titanium nanofiltration layer and sintered at 400°C for 1 hour, thus creating the nanofiltration membrane mentioned in this invention. Each additional ultrafiltration and nanofiltration layer applied increased the COD and color removal values ​​of the membrane, and each titanium ultrafiltration and titanium nanofiltration layer applied reduced the amount of alumina passing from the alumina ultrafiltration layer into the filtrate.

Description

1 TARIFF Nanofiltration Ceramic Membrane with Titanium Active Layer Technical Field to Which the Invention Relates The present invention is for the removal of organic matter and color from hot wastewater in the textile industry. This relates to a nanofiltration membrane (NF) in which the active layer used is titanium. State of the Art Textile manufacturers who use large amounts of groundwater in their industrial processes are looking for an alternative. It focuses on water resources and their use. Process water or wastewater. Reusing them in production processes reduces groundwater consumption. This provides a contribution to the economy through the recovery of chemicals in wastewater. by providing an important solution to the problem of overuse of groundwater This is one of the steps. However, for the efficient use and recovery of these waters... In addition to classical methods such as coagulation / flocculation, biological treatment, and sand filtration Next, new treatment methods must also be used. 15 Traditional textile wastewater treatment methods include physical, chemical, and biological treatments. While sufficient to ensure compliance with wastewater regulations, the water and its contents... It is not sufficient for the reuse of chemicals. Polymeric materials are needed for recovery. The use of membranes also occurs when the water is highly alkaline and at a high temperature, It is not suitable for environments where mechanical and thermal stability is required. 20 Because they cannot maintain their structural integrity in these types of harsh environments. The separation performance of polymeric membranes decreases, and their stability disappears. It rises. It is neither alkaline nor acidic, only at high temperatures (70-90 °C) Problems in membrane structure in the treatment of process water with polymeric membranes. To prevent this, wastewater can be treated by bringing it to low temperatures. 25 However, after the hot water is cooled for purification purposes, it can be reused again. Heating the process prolongs it and reduces energy efficiency. Ceramic membranes, on the other hand, have a high thermal resistance feature. Water at high temperatures can be filtered, and the effect of low viscosity at high temperatures High filtrate fluxes can be obtained. 30 2 Membrane separation methods are used in the chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, and agri-food production industries. as well as in biotechnology, primarily in drinking water production and industrial wastewater treatment. It is used in many fields. Membranes used in wastewater treatment processes are designed to withstand pressure differences in the water to be treated. 5 thanks to which it allows water to pass from one side of the membrane to the other. However, they are barriers that do not allow the passage of unwanted components. Membranes are categorized according to their separation processes, materials, geometric shapes, and porosity. It is possible to classify them according to their diameters. When classified according to their materials; Membranes made from synthetic or natural polymers, such as organic, ceramic and metal. Membranes made from materials, inorganic and inorganic-organic materials 10 Membranes made from this mixture are called composite membranes. Membranes are classified according to their pore diameters, i.e., their separation properties, in microfiltration (MF). These can be classified as ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), and reverse osmosis (TO). Geometrically, membranes can be plates, discs, hollow fibers, single-channel tubes, or multi-channel membranes. They can be in the form of canals or tubes. 15 Ceramic membranes; 1) High resistance to acids, bases, oxidizers, and organic solvents. 2) resistance to high temperatures, 3) It can be disinfected with steam. 4) High resistance to wear and tear, 20 5) easy to wash and 6) long service life They offer advantages over polymeric membranes. Ceramic membranes have average pore diameters towards the active membrane layer. It consists of multiple progressively decreasing layers of inorganic membranes. 25 Ceramic membranes are classified according to the average pore size of their active membrane layers. They are named accordingly. For example, the average pore diameter of the active membrane layer is 50. 3 Ceramic membranes larger than nm are used for microfiltration (MF), while those between 2 and 50 nm are used for other purposes. Membranes with a diameter of less than 2 nm are used for ultrafiltration (UF) and membranes with a diameter of less than 2 nm are used for nanofiltration. (NF) are referred to as ceramic membranes. NF ceramic membranes are macroporous ceramics with pore diameters greater than 50 nm. from a substrate, preferably a macroporous interlayer with a pore diameter greater than 50 nm, 5 one or preferably more pores with an average pore diameter ranging from 2 to 50 nm. consisting of numerous mesoporous layers and an average pore diameter of less than 2 nm It consists of a microporous active membrane layer. NF ceramic. each membrane layer that makes up the membrane; the respiration belonging to the membrane layer its synthesis, the synthesized sol is located below and has an average pore diameter of 10 It is obtained by coating a large membrane layer onto a surface, drying it, and sintering it. This is done. Increasing the number of membrane layers that make up the NF membrane improves treatment and recycling. It increases the recovery efficiency, but the difficulty of the NF ceramic membrane process is also a factor. the formation of a membrane layer without cracks, damage, or irregularities It is increasing due to necessity. 15 In the current state of the art, existing ceramic NF membranes are produced using extrusion techniques. Colloidal sol-gel produced from a ceramic substrate with macro-sized (> 50 nm) pores. one or more UF membranes with mesopores (2-50 nm) produced using this technique a layer and a microporous (< 2 nm) material produced using polymeric sol-gel technique It consists of an active NF membrane layer. Depending on the operating conditions (ambient temperature, 20 depending on pH etc.  Ceramic substrate; α-Al2O3 (Alpha aluminum oxide or alpha alumina), TiO2 (Titanium dioxide or titania), ZrO2 (Zirconium dioxide or zirconia) or From a TiO2-ZrO2 mixture,  UF membrane layers; γ-Al2O3 (Gamma aluminum oxide or gamma-alumina), 25 From TiO2, ZrO2, SiO2 or a mixture of TiO2-ZrO2,  NF membrane layer; γ-Al2O3, TiO2, ZrO2, SiO2 (Silicon dioxide or silica) or mixtures of TiO2-ZrO2 or SiO2-ZrO2 It is possible to form ceramic nanofiltration membranes with an outer diameter of 10 mm or 25 mm. 250, 580, 850, 1020, 1178 mm lengths, 1, 7, 8, 19, 23, 49 channel numbers and 30 They can have different geometries. 4 According to US patent document number US 6,464,881, the separation threshold is 100-200 daltons. This describes how an inorganic NF membrane, which is located between [the other two], is produced. The membrane in the document is a substrate consisting of Al2O3 and TiO2 powders, and the membrane is placed on this substrate. a thick layer of titanium coating, a ZrO2 ultrafiltration layer, and on top of that layer... 5 from a nanofiltration ZrO2 layer produced by the coated sol-gel method It consists of this substrate, which is used in the filtration of wastewater in the sugar industry. It is used. The base mentioned in patent document number US 6,464,881, is a single piece. from alumina and titanium dioxide powders with sizes ranging between 5 and 15 microns It consists of and has a porosity of over 40%, with 7-19 channels. Chinese patent document number CN 1270813 describes a tube-shaped titanium dioxide substrate 10. A 3-layer NF membrane has been developed on it. Patent number CN 1270813. In the method described in the document, the surface of the titanium dioxide tube-shaped tray is first coated with a Titanium MF membrane layer coated, this layer then coated with a zirconia UF coated with a layer, and this layer is also a NF titanium membrane layer. It is coated. The NF membrane layer developed in the aforementioned patent document is sol-15. Produced by gel method and complexed with titanium isobutoxide acetylacetone. and polycondensation of isobutanol in an aqueous medium and its effect in an acidic medium It is based on peptization. The development described in patent document number CN 1270813. NF membrane has a resolving power of 1000 Daltons and a molecular weight rejection rate of 90%. It has been stated that 20 A shorter term in American patent document number US 20130270178 A1 smaller and more uniformly distributed membranes with fewer defects in membrane formation times. a porous ceramic membrane filter with higher flux value at different thicknesses It has been developed. In the method described in this document, a porous MF membrane substrate is used. a silica UF membrane layer is formed on top of a titanium UF membrane layer 25 It has been created. The Titania UF membrane developed in the aforementioned patent document. Average pore diameter of the layer; average pore diameter of the porous MF membrane substrate. from the diameter and average pore diameter of the developed silica UF membrane layer, titania The UF membrane layer has a smaller average pore diameter than the Titania membrane. It does not penetrate into the layer. (Patent document number US 20130270178 A1, 30) As a porous membrane substrate, a 30 mm outer diameter with an average pore diameter of 0.2 µm, 37-cell monolithic alumina with a 3 mm inner cell diameter and 50 cm length. It was used. The Titanium UF membrane layer was obtained by hydrolysis of titanium isopropoxide. The obtained solution is diluted with water and circulated within the cells of the membrane substrate. It was created by subjecting it to thermal processing at a temperature of 500 °C. The silica membrane layer is formed by the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane with ethanol. After dilution, the silica solution is passed through the inner surface of the membrane substrate and 5 It was created by subjecting it to thermal processing at a temperature of 500 °C. Macroporous titanium dioxide, described in Chinese patent document number CN1558790A. from the carrier, one or two intermediate separation layers and a top metal oxide (NF) separation layer. An inorganic NF membrane consisting of layers has been developed. The patent in question... The molecular weight inhibition limit of the inorganic NF membrane developed in the document is 10. 100 to 2000 Daltons, preferably between 800 and 2000 Daltons. Inorganic nanofiltration. The membrane substrate is titanium with a porosity of 35% and a sintering temperature of 1390 °C. It is an oxide. In the patent document in question, the porosity is specified as 31% for control purposes. Alumina substrates with a sintering temperature of 1730 °C and zirconia substrates with a porosity of 37%. It has also been used. 15 stabilized with a suitable surface agent on these three substrates. By deposition of titanium dioxide suspension and sintering at a temperature of 1050 °C An average microporous titanium oxide filtration membrane layer has been created. UF membranes, made of titanium oxide or zirconium oxide, have a molecular weight of 50 KiloDaltons. It has a weight-restriction limit value. This UF is stated in the patent document. NF membrane layers were formed on the membranes using two methods. In the first method, 20 titanium isobutoxide and water as a chelating agent to delay the hydrolysis reaction. Acetylacetone was used in isobutanol. In the second method, titanium isobutoxide and The isobutanol mixture was slowly added to a monovalent mixture of water and acid. The resulting white mixture is left in an acidic environment for several days until it becomes completely transparent. It has been put on hold. Patent document number CN1558790A describes a titanium, alumina, or 25 Obtained from a zirconia substrate by sintering at 350 °C following polycondensation. from an optional titanium UF membrane and an NF membrane obtained by the same method. membrane results and a titanium, alumina or zirconia membrane obtained from substrate by hydrolysis and peptization followed by sintering at 300 °C an optional Titania UF membrane and an NF 30 obtained by the same method Results relating to the membrane consisting of a substrate are given. The results only show the substrate. Membranes using titanium dioxide achieve 90% molecular weight separation. It has been observed to have a separation of the order of 1000 Daltons, corresponding to that ratio. 6 American patent document number US 2009013975 A1, functional layers layers of titanium and / or zirconia with pore diameters less than 1 nm to separate the gases formed from the system, and specifically N2 / O2, CO2 / H2 and N2 / CO2 gases. The patent in question relates to the production of a device to be used for separating mixtures. The document states that to produce the gas separation system, porous substrate 5 is used first. A ceramic or metallic film is prepared. A cermet can also be used as a substrate. or more ceramic interlayers are applied to one or both surfaces of the substrate. Gas The active membrane layer required for separation is applied using the sol-gel method or chemically and physically. It can be implemented through accumulation methods. Patent number US 2009013975 A1 document a titanium interlayer wet powder spraying or screen printing 10 coated onto a 316L stainless steel film substrate using this method and fired at 900 °C. Pre-sintering was performed for 1 minute. After pre-sintering, it was heated at 950 °C for 1 hour. After sintering, titanium is used as the active membrane layer under vacuum. Alternatively, it is coated with zirconia. Titanium propylate, zirconium propylate, etc. a mixture of organic starting chemicals, or acetyl acetone and an α-carboxylic acid 15 A sol in which it is used was applied by a spin coating or dipping process. The sol The organic content was removed by a pyrolysis process lasting 1 hour at a temperature of 600 °C, and Then sintering was carried out at 1000 °C. In the current state of the art, existing ceramic nanofiltration membranes are generally It consists of 2-3 membrane layers on a substrate. These layers are 1 thick intermediate layer 20 layer, 1 ultrafiltration membrane layer and 1 nanofiltration membrane layer as well as 2 ultrafiltration membrane layers and 1 nanofiltration layer This is possible. The interlayer is the first layer coated into the substrate and its purpose is microfiltration. in addition to providing a smooth surface for the ultrafiltration layer to be applied on top. The aim is to create a base of 25, unlike the known state of the art. 1 thick interlayer, 2 ultrafiltration membrane layers and 1 nanofiltration layer. It consists of membrane layers. Increasing the number of membrane layers % It has had a positive effect on COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and color removal. The Technical Problem That the Invention Aims to Solve In addition to their high thermal resistance, ceramic membranes are also resistant to acids, 30 They also have high resistance to bases, oxidizers, organic solvents, and abrasion. 7 It has the properties of being able to be disinfected with steam, being easy to wash, and therefore... They have an advantage over polymeric membranes due to their long service life. The present invention deals with waste generated as a result of washing processes in the textile industry's printing process. dyes, caustic soda, hydrogen sulfide, soap and various inorganic compounds from their waters Separating the water and recovering it at a temperature of 70-95 °C to reintroduce it into the process. 5 is provided. The ceramic membrane described in the present invention is for the textile industry, printing and washing. Used in the filtration of hot wastewater generated as a result of the processes and color The removal rate was 94-97%, and the COD removal rate was 89-94%. A more detailed and comprehensive version of the current invention is needed. To illustrate this specifically, the results of an example application are given below. 10 It has been stated. The claims cannot be interpreted as being limited to the following examples. Present invention: nanofiltration ceramic membrane with titanium as the active layer (105) It is explained that a nanofiltration ceramic membrane (105) has titanium as its active layer. from a titanium tubular ceramic substrate (100), at least one titanium MF interlayer (101), at least one alumina UF membrane layer (102), at least one titania UF membrane 15 from layer (103) and at least one titanium NF membrane layer (104) It consists of. Example Application: In order to make a comparison of wastewater with the same characteristics from the same industry, a Printed fabric mix bath 20 supplied from textile company for hot water recovery. The samples show a ceramic membrane developed in the present invention and a titanium substrate, Titania ultrafiltration membrane layer and a Titania nanofiltration membrane a single-channel 3-layer tube, 25 cm long, with an inner diameter of 6 mm and an outer diameter of 10 mm. Comparative analysis of kDa (kiloDalton) commercial ceramic membranes at laboratory scale. Cross-flow membrane filtration studies have been carried out. 25 The results of the studies are given in Table 1. Looking at Table 1, in the present invention... The NF ceramic membrane with titanium as its active layer has been developed to improve both COD and color. its removal performance is higher than that of a commercial 3 kDa NF ceramic membrane. It is seen that the NF developed within the scope of the present invention has titanium as its active layer. COD is 30 compared to commercial 3 kDa NF ceramic membrane with the use of ceramic membrane. 8 There has been an increase of approximately 2-8% in color removal and 1-4% in color removal. The present invention increases the number of membrane layers that make up the NF membrane while maintaining the same Higher removal performance when working with the same wastewater under the same conditions. It has enabled access to it. Table 1: Removal performance of NF ceramic membrane with 3kDa (Commercial) and titanium active layer. results Wastewater Used Membrane KOI my expense (%) Colour my expense (%) Business pressure (bar) Waste water Temperature (°C) Printed 3kDa (Commercial) 87 93-95 2 80±5 Active layer Titan NF ceramics membrane 89-94 94-97 2 80±5 Explanation of the Figures Figure 1: Appearance of nanofiltration ceramic membrane with active layer of titanium (105) Figure 2: 10 nanofiltration ceramic membrane (105) with active layer of titanium. Appearance of ceramic substrate (100) and membrane layers Figure 3: Production of nanofiltration ceramic membrane (105) with active layer of titanium. method steps Explanations of References in Figures 100: Titania tubular ceramic base 15 101: Titania MF intermediate thick layer 102: Alumina UF membrane layer 9 103: Titania UF membrane layer 104: Titania NF active membrane layer 105: Nanofiltration ceramic membrane with titanium as the active layer A: Preparation of anatase powder mixture and mixing in turbulence. B: Obtaining ceramic clay from the mixed powder mixture 5 C: Curing the resulting ceramic clay. D: Extrusion of cured ceramic clay E: Pre-drying F: Drying G: Obtaining titanium tubular ceramic substrate (100) by sintering 10 H: Synthesis of Titania MF interlayer thick layer (101) solution I: G of the titanium MF interlayer thick layer (101) solution synthesized in step H. coating the titanium tubular ceramic substrate (100) obtained in the processing step J: Drying and sintering after the coating process in step I. Formation of the Titania MF intermediate thick layer (101) 15 K: Alumina sol synthesis by colloidal sol-gel method L: Addition of organic additives that provide flexibility to alumina sole. M: Synthesized in step K and mixed with organic additives in step L. Titania MF formed in step J of the process using doped colloidal alumina sol. coating on layer (101) 20 N: Drying and sintering processes after coating in step M. Formation of alumina UF membrane layer (102) O: Synthesis of titanium sol via colloidal sol-gel method P: Titania sole contains added organic additives that provide flexibility. R: Synthesized in step O and with organic additives in step P. alumina UF formed in the N processing step of the doped colloidal titanium sol. coating onto membrane layer (102) Q: Titania UF 5 is produced by drying and sintering after the coating process. Formation of the membrane layer (103) T: Synthesis of titanium sol via polymeric sol-gel method On the titanium UF membrane layer (103) created in the U:S processing step coating of synthesized polymeric titanium sol V: Drying and sintering processes after coating in step U 10 By creating the active membrane layer of titania NF (104), the active layer is titania. Obtaining nanofiltration ceramic membrane (105) Disclosure of the Invention Nanofiltration ceramic membrane with titanium as the active layer described in the present invention. (105), a thickness of 10 µm to 50 15 coated on a titania tubular ceramic substrate (100). At least one titania MF interlayer (101) which can be between µm, interlayer (101) at least one alumina ultrafiltration membrane layer coated on it (102), alumina Titania ultrafiltration coated on an ultrafiltration membrane layer (102) membrane layer (103) and Titania ultrafiltration membrane layer (103) It consists of a coated titanium nanofiltration active membrane layer (104). 20 To create the membrane in the present invention, the first step was to mix 60% 10 microns and 40% 0.2 microns. An anatase powder mixture with a volume of 1 microns is prepared, and this mixture is left in turbulence for approximately 6-8 hours. Mixed for a specified time (A). Water, lubricant (stearic) is added to the powder mixture after it has been mixed for a specified time. acid, oleic acid, ethylene glycol, glycerin, naphthenic acid, zinc stearate, ammonium stearate, etc.), binder (methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl 25 cellulose and cellulose derivatives, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylics, starch, etc.) and plasticizers A ceramic clay is formed by adding organic compounds such as paraffin, glycerol, and polyethylene glycol. is obtained (B). The resulting ceramic clay is cured (C) and from the cured clay extrusion method to produce a tube-shaped (tubular) material with a porosity greater than 40%. 11 Titanium ceramic substrate (100) is formed (D). Titanium obtained in process step D Pre-drying (E) and drying (F) processes are applied to the tubular ceramic substrate (100). Titania tubular ceramic substrate (100) is sintered at 1100°C for 3 hours (G). G process into the sintered titanium tubular ceramic substrate (100) formed in the step Titania MF intermediate thick layer (101) 5 made of 1 micron rutile powder to be coated solution is synthesized (H). The solution synthesized in step H is the tubular titanium. The ceramic substrate (100) is coated (I). The coated titanium MF intermediate thick layer (101) is placed in the room. After drying under these conditions, it is sintered at 1000 °C for 3 hours (J). Titanium intermediate thickness an alumina sol by colloidal sol-gel method to be coated onto the layer (101). synthesized (K). The synthesized alumina sole is mixed with some organic additives that provide flexibility. 10 (such as hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol) are added (L) L process After the first step, alumina sol is coated onto the titanium MF interlayer (101). (M). After drying at room temperature, it is sintered at 600°C for 3 hours. Thus Alumina UF membrane layer (102) is obtained (N). Titania by colloidal sol-gel method. The sol is synthesized (O). Synthesized titanium sole contains organic additives that provide flexibility 15 (such as hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol) are added (P). O process After the step, titanium sol alumina UF membrane layer (102) is coated onto it. (R). After drying at room temperature, it is sintered at 400 °C for 1 hour. In this way Titania UF membrane layer (103) is obtained (S). By polymeric sol-gel method Titania sol is synthesized (T). Synthesized titania sol is placed in the titania UF membrane layer (103) 20 It is coated on (U). The chamber for the formation of Titania NF active membrane layer (104). After drying under these conditions, it is sintered at 400 °C for 1 hour. Thus, its active layer is formed. Titanium nanofiltration ceramic membrane (105) was obtained (V). Samples taken from the hot printing bath were subjected to alumina ultrafiltration at 2 bar pressure. With this membrane, COD removal of 62% and color removal of 48% were achieved, while these 25 COD removal by coating the membrane layer with a titanium ultrafiltration layer. The efficiency has increased to 91%, and the color removal efficiency to 85%. Titania ultrafiltration membrane. a titanium nanofiltration active membrane layer (104) to the layer (103) With the coating process, COD removal of 93% and color removal of 96% were achieved. At the same time, every 30 coated on the alumina ultrafiltration membrane layer (102) a titanium membrane layer, which has less chemical resistance than titanium. It has been determined that alumina reduces the amount of alumina that passes into the filtrate. Alumina a Titania ultrafiltration membrane layer (102) 12 (103) With coating, the amount of alumina in the filtrate is around 0.220 mg / L, Titania nanofiltration onto a titanium ultrafiltration membrane layer (103) Coating the active membrane layer (104) reduced the amount of alumina in the filtrate by 79.5%. It has been observed to decrease to levels around 0.045 mg / L. Table 2: Each layer of NF ceramic membrane (105) with active layer of titanium 5 examining its effect on removal efficiency Wastewater Membrane COD my expense (%) Colour my expense (%) Business pressure (bar) Waste water Temperature (°C) Printed Active layer alumina membrane layer (102) UF ceramic membrane 62 48 2 80±5 Active layer is titanium membrane layer (103) UF ceramic membrane 91 85 2 80±5 Active layer is titanium membrane layer NF (104) ceramic membrane (105) 94 97 2 80±5 How the invention can be applied to industry. Ceramic membranes, compared to polymeric membranes, are used in a much wider variety of applications worldwide. It finds application in industrial water treatment and drinking water treatment processes. 10 Ceramic membranes can operate at higher filtration fluxes and high pressures. by using more efficient backwashing processes, wider gap backwashing Ability to work with washing processes, low need for chemical cleaning, tear resistance 13 Having a long lifespan due to the absence of problems, being more economical in the long run It has numerous advantages compared to polymeric membranes. The present invention extracts dyes from wastewater generated as a result of screen washing processes. The substances separate caustic soda, hydrogen sulfide, soap, and various inorganic compounds, and the temperature Textile 5 aims to recover water with a temperature of 70-95 °C and reintroduce it into the process. Although it was developed for industries with high water consumption and waste, such as the metal industry, In addition to water recovery, the recycling of high value-added chemicals. studies that require achievement at high temperatures and high pH values In many cases, the use of polymeric membranes is limited because of the way it is carried out. Applicable to industry. 10 The global ceramic membrane market includes ceramic membranes for textile, metal, food, and chemical industries. With its increasing applications in different industries such as petrochemicals and pharmaceuticals, it is rapidly growing. It is growing. Worldwide, ceramic membranes are used in the food and beverage industry for fruit. water, wine and beer clarification, fruit juice concentration, sterilization, milk and In addition to separating and fractionating the whey, the whey is also processed in 15 parts. It is used for various applications such as desalination and product dewatering. In the pharmaceutical industry, applications include pharmaceutical separation from wastewater, oil-water separation, and microbial and viral retention. organic solvent filtration, dye and pigment separation, acid and caustic filtration, etc. The use of ceramic membranes for various purposes is increasing worldwide.

Claims

14 REQUESTS 1) It is an inorganic nanofiltration membrane with the following characteristics:  a titanium tubular ceramic substrate (100), 5  at least one titanium MF intermediate layer coated on the said substrate (100) layer (101),  At least one alumina UF coated on a titanium MF interlayer (101) membrane layer (102),  At least one titania UF 10 coated on an alumina UF membrane layer (102) membrane layer (103)  Polymeric sol gel coated on Titania UF membrane layer (103) at least one titania NF membrane layer synthesized by method (104) It includes. 2) It is a membrane like the one in claim 1, and its characteristic feature is that it is single-channel. 15 3) A titanium tubular ceramic substrate (100) as in Claim 1, whose characteristic is its porosity It means it should be above 40%. 4) A titanium tubular ceramic substrate (100) as in Claim 1, with a characteristic of 60% by weight. produced from a mixture of anatase powders, 40% of which are 0.2 microns. that is. 20 5) A titanium MF interlayer (101) as in Claim 1, and its characteristic is a 1 micron rutile It is produced from dust. 6) A method for producing an inorganic nanofiltration membrane, characterized by its properties.  Preparation of anatase powder mixture and mixing in turbulus (A)  Obtaining ceramic clay from the mixed powder mixture (B) 25  Curing of the resulting ceramic clay (C)  Extrusion of the cured ceramic clay (D)  Performing the pre-drying process (E)  Performing the drying process (F)  After the drying process, sintering is performed to obtain a titanium tubular ceramic substrate of 30 (100) obtaining (G)  Synthesis of Titania MF interlayer thick layer (101) solution (H)  Titania MF interlayer synthesized in step H (101) Titanium tubular ceramic substrate obtained in step G of the solution process (100) coating (I)  Drying and sintering after coating process in step 1 5 (J) by making the Titania MF intermediate thick layer (101)  Synthesis of alumina sol by colloidal sol-gel method (K)  Addition of organic additives to the synthesized alumina sole to provide flexibility (L)  Synthesized in step K and processed with organic additives in step L The 10 formed in step J of the process of adding colloidal alumina solution Coating of titanium MF interlayer thick layer (101) (M)  Drying and sintering after coating process in step M Formation of alumina UF membrane layer (102) by processes (N)  Synthesis of titanium sol by colloidal sol-gel method (O)  Addition of organic additives to synthesized titanium sole to provide flexibility (P) 15  Synthesized in step O and organic additives in step P Colloidal titanium sol prepared by adding N in processing step Coating the formed alumina UF membrane layer (102) onto (R)  Titanium is produced by drying and sintering after the coating process. Formation of the UF membrane layer (103) (S) 20  Synthesis of titania sol by polymeric sol-gel method (T)  On the titanium UF membrane layer (103) created in the S processing step Coating of synthesized polymeric titanium sol (U)  Drying and sintering after the coating process in step U By creating the Titania NF active membrane layer (104) with the processes 25 Nanofiltration ceramic membrane (105) with active layer of titanium was obtained (V) It includes the steps of the process.