Compact Liquid-Cooled Battery Pack via Integrated Fluid Path

Abstract

The invention includes a battery pack (1) with integrated liquid cooling technology developed for lithium-ion batteries. This compact liquid-cooled battery pack (1) effectively prevents overheating, improves energy efficiency and ensures even aging of the batteries.

Description

1 TARIFF Compact Liquid-Cooled Battery Pack via Integrated Fluid Path TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to the charging and discharging processes of lithium-ion batteries and the aforementioned charging and discharging procedures. By eliminating the excessive heat that the batteries will be exposed to during the processes, the batteries 5 developed to ensure equal aging and power transfer on it It relates to compact liquid-cooled battery packs. PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries consist of modules and cells placed within modules. Battery pack structures are only as strong as their weakest cell, while their lifespan is limited to the weakest 10 cells. It lasts as long as the cell's lifespan. Therefore, in the operation of battery pack structures... The similarity of the chemical and mechanical properties of the cells extends the overall lifespan of battery packs. It increases. Li-ion batteries convert energy released as a result of electrochemical reactions into electricity. Li-ion batteries are devices used in electricity production by converting their energy into usable matter. In the field of energy storage, they are currently used because of their high efficiency. It is one of the technologies. Module formation is achieved by connecting Li-ion batteries in series / parallel. Battery formation can also be achieved by connecting the modules to each other in series or parallel. This increases the amount of energy that can be obtained. However, proper operation of lithium-ion batteries is crucial. They need to operate within a temperature range (20-35°C) in order to increase their efficiency. The need arises to maintain this temperature range and during charging / discharging. Battery thermal management systems (BTMS) to solve potential thermal problems. This is done in order to ensure temperature control. Module package designs aim to increase the energy capacity of batteries and prevent battery overheating. 25 These are the package designs used. However, in the current module package designs, Large differences between maximum and minimum temperatures affect functionality and processing time. It appears there are problems such as it being too short. 2 In the current state of the art, the 18650 type (18 mm diameter, 65 mm height) cylindrical lithium battery. A battery module formed by connecting 4 series and 4 parallel ion battery cells. The maximum and minimum temperatures are 41.44 °C and 39.96 °C, respectively. These results... It does not conform to the appropriate temperature range described in the literature. Therefore, in the first stage, this The module package design was created to reduce temperatures. Battery cell temperatures are reduced by 5. Thanks to this package, some reductions have been achieved. However, this temperature decrease is insufficient. is not and the efficient and long-lasting operation of the battery module, high discharge maximum temperature between cells to avoid thermal problems at their speeds The literature emphasizes that the temperature difference must be less than 5°C. This also applies to the battery module. This necessitates that it be suitable for peer aging. 10 Co-aging, especially in multi-cell battery systems, ensures that all cells age similarly. It is the process done to ensure aging. This process ensures that cells perform at an equal level and by promoting a longer lifespan, improving the overall efficiency and durability of the battery pack. This is increasing. Examples include equal aging, cell selection, charge / discharge management, and temperature control. This is achieved through various methods. 15 Liquid cooling is used to effectively dissipate the heat generated by the batteries. The transfer plays an active role. This package design has been updated to include a liquid cooling method. Improvements have been made with this. The work done involves the subsequent assembly of the fluid channel. It is manufactured in a way that is far from a compact design. Therefore, in the assembly process... Thermal resistances are created and cleaning problems that will occur in separable systems also 20 It consists of. The disadvantage of previous uses is that in fluid path package design, there is only one The device is not suitable for manufacturing and a compact design cannot be achieved. The following documents were encountered during the preliminary patent search. Design of utility model with application number 2022 / 013066 to accelerate heat transfer. Thermal conductivity is 25% with metal integrated reinforcement without using an active cooling system. The focus has been on improving this system's efficiency under natural conditions at a discharge rate of 1C. It provides thermal protection, but when discharge rates increase and ambient temperatures rise, thermal protection becomes necessary. Conduction alone is insufficient. Therefore, heat transfer by convection is also necessary. The principles should be applied and heat should be removed via the fluid. Furthermore, in the application... Due to production methods, it is not possible to produce from a single device, and the package can only be completed in 30 days. After assembly, it is made into a single, monolithic product. 3 The invention aims to address the aforementioned shortcomings and bring new advantages to the relevant technical field. It has been put forward to bring about. As a result, all the problems mentioned above, related to This has made it necessary to make an innovation in the field. THE PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to eliminate the problems mentioned above and to provide technical solutions in the relevant field. It aims to create an innovation. The main purpose of the invention is to prevent lithium-ion batteries from overheating, thereby protecting the battery. The aim is to increase its safety and durability. The aim of the invention is to improve energy efficiency by enhancing the thermal management of the battery pack. The aim of the invention is to minimize temperature differences between batteries, thereby ensuring that the batteries are evenly distributed. The goal is to make it age. Another purpose of the invention is to reduce the assembly process by producing the design as a single piece. The aim is to simplify and shorten assembly time. Another aim of the invention is to optimize the packaging design so that it does not leak. thus increasing operational safety. 15 Another aim of the invention is that the compact and modular structure of the design allows for the use of various devices and It enables quick and seamless adaptation to different environments. A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION All the purposes mentioned above and those that will emerge from the detailed explanation below. The current invention for realizing this is the battery pack. 20 The invention is a battery holder that protects its internal components, with each empty battery holder having a corresponding compartment. at least 2 batteries aligned in such a way that their centers are in a linear fashion. a battery consisting of at least two linear battery groups positioned parallel to each other, each containing a cell The module allows batteries placed inside to be connected to each other in series or parallel and to provide electricity. conductive apparatus on the battery module and battery module 25 to ensure the transmission of current. the conductive apparatus underneath, between the aforementioned battery arrays, each battery cell By circulating around it, it will provide cooling inside the battery pack The fluid line is structured as a gap, and fluid enters the fluid line from the fluid line inlet. The fluid will travel along the line and exit from the fluid line outlet. 4 The batteries are characterized by their long lifespan due to the inclusion of a coolant. It is related to the battery pack that ensures it is kept in working order. A preferred configuration of the invention is that the aforementioned refrigerant is at a temperature of 20-27 °C. It is the presence of water in the gap. A preferred configuration of the invention is a 5 mm thick panel, preferably 3 mm, within a thickness range of 2-4 mm. It includes a fluid line. A preferred configuration of the invention involves 2C charge-discharge of the battery cells within the battery pack. ensuring that its temperature remains below approximately 30°C while operating at its maximum speed. It includes a fluid line. A preferred configuration of the invention is a spiral form of the aforementioned fluid line. It is the fact that. A preferred configuration of the invention involves the two sides aligned along the x-axis and y-axis. It should contain battery cells with a spacing of 4-6 mm, preferably 5 mm. A preferred configuration of the invention is its feature: fluid line in the range of 0.5-2 mm. It should preferably contain battery cells spaced 1 mm apart. 15 A preferred designation of the invention is its thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, and electrical insulation properties. To provide PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PBT GF 30 (polybutylene terephthalate - 30% glass) (fiber reinforced), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) and has impact resistance, thermal resistance and Made of PA66 (polyamide 66) material with flame-resistant dielectric properties. It is a product. 20 A preferred design of the invention provides impact resistance, thermal resistance, and flame resistance. It is made of PA66 (polyamide 66) material, which has dielectric properties and is resistant to heat transfer. A preferred configuration of the invention involves the fluid being introduced from the fluid line inlet. It is the process of entering and exiting the fluid line from the outlet. A preferred configuration of the invention is 25 series-connected wires connected inside the battery pack. or it contains a battery module consisting of battery cells connected in parallel. A preferred configuration of the invention is that the batteries comprising the battery module are lithium-ion batteries. It is the fact that. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1 shows a 3D overview of the battery pack. Figure 2 shows battery modules connected in series and parallel. Figure 3 shows a general view of an empty battery pack. Figure 4 shows the top overview of the heat cell pack fluid line and linear cell groups. 5 It has been given. The drawings do not necessarily need to be scaled and are useful for understanding the invention. Unnecessary details may have been omitted. Furthermore, at least the major Elements that are identical to a certain extent, or at least have largely identical functions, are the same. It is indicated by the number. 10 EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMBERS 1. Battery pack 2. Fluid line 21. Fluid line inlet 22. Fluid line outlet 15 3. Battery cell 31. First linear battery pack 32. Second linear battery pack 33. Third linear battery pack 34. Fourth linear battery pack 20 4. Empty battery compartment 5. Battery module 6. Conductive apparatus on top of the battery module 7. Conductive apparatus under the battery module 6 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In this detailed description, the subject of the invention is "Compact Liquid via Integrated Fluid Pathway". "Cooled Battery Pack" is simply a way to better understand the subject, without any limitations. This is explained with examples that will not have an impact. The invention relates to battery packs (1) and 5 which are based on improving heat transfer of lithium-ion batteries. It is related to the charging and discharging processes of lithium-ion batteries and the aforementioned charging- By preventing the batteries from being exposed to excessive heat during discharge processes. a battery developed to ensure even aging and power transfer. It is related to package (1). In the current state of the art, the thermal output generated during the separate assembly of the fluid path is 10. Resistors are eliminated by the Integrated Fluid Path Compact Liquid Cooled Battery Pack (1). This has been removed, allowing for good heat transfer. Figure 1 shows a 3D overview of the battery pack (1). The battery mentioned in the invention package (1); empty battery holder (4), battery module (5), conductive apparatus on top of battery module (6), battery The conductive apparatus (7) and fluid line (2) under the module are a single, integrated unit in the package design. It is used in parts. Here, the battery module (5) placed in the battery pack (1), the battery conductive apparatus (6) on the module and conductive apparatus (7) under the battery module are electrical. If its energy runs out, it is replaced with a new one. The mentioned battery pack (1) additive manufacturing methods include 3D printers, plastic injection molding, or die molding. It is produced using the method. 20 In Figure 2, lithium-ion battery cells (3) are shown in series-connected battery groups containing at least 2 batteries. a parallel-connected battery pack is formed by connecting at least two batteries in parallel. The battery module (5) is shown. In the design of the invention, the li-ion battery module (5) Allows batteries to be connected in series or parallel, connecting the positive and negative terminals of the batteries. The conductive apparatus mounted on top of the battery module that allows electric current to pass through. 25 (6) and the conductive apparatus (7) under the battery module are included in the structure of the invention. connected in parallel or series inside the lithium ion battery module (5) a battery pack (1) containing at least 2 connected batteries and a battery module (5) inside It is located. Connecting battery cells (3) in series or parallel, every 30 cells that are next to each other For a battery, it can be in series or parallel. 7 Figure 3 shows the general view of an empty battery pack (1). The battery pack (1) contains 16 empty batteries. There are battery beds (4) and these beds are positioned in four rows. Each There are four circular battery holders in a row. Each battery holder holds a specific battery. It is pre-shaped for the placement of module (5). Battery cells (3) are first linked together to form battery modules (5). 5 First, the batteries are connected to each other in parallel or series. Then, from the empty battery compartments (4) They are aligned so that each one matches and are placed inside the battery pack (1). In the construction of the invention, the battery pack (1) begins to serve its purpose. Battery modules (5) When placed in empty battery compartments (4), the electrical connections are integrated, which makes the assembly It simplifies the process and reduces the possibility of errors. Also, the battery pack (1) 10 Its modular design allows for quick maintenance or repair when needed. It allows modification operations to be carried out. Figure 4 shows the top overview of the heat cell pack (1), fluid line (2) and linear cell groups. It has been given. By contacting all the cells inside the lithium ion battery module (5), the cells 15 The cells are positioned close together in a way that compensates for the heat they generate, and 3 A fluid line (2) is structured inside the battery pack (1) with a thickness of mm. Each battery cell (3) is placed horizontally and vertically with a 5 mm gap between each other. Since it is placed and the fluid line (2) is placed between the batteries, the fluid line (2) The distance between one surface and the battery cell (3) is also 1 mm. The invention 20 In its structure, the battery system is formed by circulating the fluid in the fluid line (2). Cooling is provided. The energy placed inside the lithium ion battery module (5) There is a battery cell (3) to provide storage. The battery pack shown in Figure 4 (1) consists of four different linear battery groups, which are respectively first linear battery group (31), second linear battery group (32), third linear battery group (33) and 25 Each array is called a fourth linear battery group (34). Each array is a quadruple battery It consists of (3) cells and these cells are arranged vertically inside the battery pack (1). It is located. The cooling process is integrated by following a spiral path between these battery cells (3). It is equipped with a fluid line (2). The fluid line (2) contains 30 in the battery pack (1). It starts from the fluid line inlet (21). The fluid enters from here and first passes through the first It moves along the linear battery pack (31). It passes between the cells in this array. 8 The fluid absorbs heat and acts as a cooling agent as it moves forward. The fluid passes horizontally from the first linear battery group (31) to the second linear battery group (32). It is undergoing a transition and continues to follow a spiral trajectory in this process. The second linear As the fluid moves forward in the battery pack (32), it takes the heat between the battery cells (3). and cools them. The fluid flows from the second linear cell group (32) to the third linear cell 5 When passing to group (33), it makes a horizontal transition and in this process a spiral orbit It continues to monitor. In the third linear battery group (33), the fluid moves forward. As it flows, the fluid removes heat between the battery cells (3) and cools them. When passing from the third linear battery group (33) to the fourth linear battery group (34) a horizontal It is transitioning and continues to follow a spiral trajectory in this process. Each sequence is 10 During the transition between them, the fluid moves horizontally towards the next arrangement, and thus This creates a cyclical cooling path around all the battery cells (3). Finally, When the fluid reaches the fluid line outlet (22) of the fourth linear battery group (34), The end of the circulation of the fluid line (2) has been reached. This fluid line (2) is the end of the fluid's circulation. By circulating the water, it ensures effective cooling of the battery system. 15 In the preferred configuration of the invention, the battery cells (3) are charged with 2C inside the battery pack (1). to ensure that the temperature remains below approximately 30°C while operating up to the discharge rate. The fluid line (2) through which the fluid circulates is in a spiral form inside the reservoir. This fluid line (2) is used to cool the battery cells and This allows the temperature to be kept under control. 20 Coolant flows through this fluid line (2). Coolant Water is preferably allowed to pass through due to its easy accessibility and high thermal conductivity. and the water temperature is in the range of 20-27 °C. It also has low viscosity and high thermal conductivity. Fluids are also preferred. This cooling mechanism is used to cool the battery pack (1) It improves the performance and safety of the device, making it operate more efficiently. 25 The design of the invention is modified according to the battery arrangements and number, and each It is resized to meet the needs. With this invention, fluid path packets The design is being changed and heat transfer is being increased. For example, when the part through which the fluid passes is separate, potential problems that may occur during assembly. The packaging becomes problematic in case of liquid leaks. The invention is a single, integral 30-piece... It offers a solution and minimizes the risk of leakage. In other words, the fluid is transferred to the battery. by preventing direct contact and ensuring that any potential electrical leaks do not spread to other batteries. 9 This prevents the situation from escalating. In the development of the invention, this allows only the batteries to be used. The assembly is complete once it is placed in position. In the preferred design of the invention, high impact resistance is used as the packaging material. PA66 (polyamide) has high thermal resistance, is flame resistant and has dielectric properties. 66) materials are used. They have thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, electrical insulation and 5 PBT, PBT GF 30, and PMMA materials processed by plastic injection are also used. The design of the invention makes a positive contribution to battery thermal management systems. Desired thermal management is achieved with low energy requirements. Batteries are protected from critical temperatures. They are kept away from the area and in a safe zone. Equal aging of the batteries results in equivalent battery life. and it lasts a long time. The invention is an effective cooling method even at high discharge rates. 10 is happening. In the preferred configuration of the invention, additive manufacturing methods, specifically 3D printers, Packaging production using plastic injection molding or other molding methods. is being carried out. Plastic injection molding involves creating 15-inch plastic products in an injection molding machine using a specific pressure and heat. molten plastic materials are injected into a mold, then cooled, and It is a method of obtaining molded plastic products by solidifying them. An alternative to the invention. In this structure, package production is carried out using the injection molding method. In the alternative design of the invention, packaging production is done with three-dimensional printers. is being carried out. 20 3D printing is the process of reproducing a virtual object designed in three dimensions using polymers, composites, the process of producing from materials such as resin through thermal or chemical treatment This process is called 3D printing. The devices that perform this process are called 3D printers. Another aspect of the invention involves using the filament of the packaging material to create a three-dimensional structure. The design of the desired packaging material is created using a printer. These filaments are 3D 25 It is melted inside the printer and compressed layer by layer according to the specified model, forming three Three-dimensional objects are being created. When the battery module (5) is covered with the pack designed to reduce temperatures, the same limit applies. The analysis is repeated under these conditions and better results are obtained. For the battery module (5) The cell's maximum temperature results in 41.44 °C. With this invention, the package contains liquid 30 With the cooling method, the maximum cell temperature reaches 25.09 °C. Similarly... Over time, the temperature difference between the batteries inside the pack turns out to be very small and equal. It is suitable for aging. The scope of protection of the invention is specified in the claims attached hereto, and these details are strictly adhered to. The explanation cannot be limited to those given for illustrative purposes. Because a technically expert 5 the person, without deviating from the main theme of the invention, in light of what has been described above, similar It is clear that these structures can emerge.

Claims

11 REQUESTS 1. Invention of a battery pack that enables batteries to be stored for a long lifespan (1) Its characteristic is;  Empty battery compartment (4),  Aligned to correspond to each empty battery compartment (4) and 5 containing at least 2 battery cells (3) whose centers are linearly aligned A battery consisting of at least two linear battery groups positioned parallel to each other. module (5),  The batteries placed inside can be connected to each other in series or parallel, and conductor 10 on top of battery module to enable the transmission of electric current. apparatus (6) and conductive apparatus (7) under the battery module,  Among the mentioned battery configurations, next to each battery cell (3) The battery pack (1) will provide cooling by circulating through it. fluid line structured as a void inside (2),  Enter the fluid line (2) from the fluid line inlet (21) and fluid line (2) 15 After proceeding along the line, the fluid will exit from the line outlet (22) refrigerant supplied It is characterized by its inclusion.

2. The battery pack (1) conforming to claim 1, and its characteristic is that the mentioned coolant, 20- The water temperature should be around 27°C. 20 3. The battery pack (1) conforming to Request 1 is suitable and has the following characteristics: preferably 3 mm thick batteries in the range of 2-4 mm. It contains fluid line (2) of mm.

4. The battery pack (1) conforming to claims 1 and 3, and its feature is; battery cells (3) battery pack (1) 25 While operating at a charge-discharge rate of up to 2C, its temperature is approximately 30°C. It contains a fluid line (2) which keeps it under control.

5. The battery pack (1) conforming to claim 4, and its feature is that the aforementioned fluid line (2) spiral It is about being in shape. 30 6. The battery pack (1) conforming to claim 1 has the following characteristics: in the x-axis and y-axis directions. It contains battery cells spaced 4-6 mm, preferably 5 mm, apart from each other. 12 7. The battery pack (1) conforming to claim 1 is characterized by having a fluid line (2) of 0.5-2 mm. It should contain battery cells preferably spaced 1 mm apart.

8. The battery pack (1) conforming to claim 1 has the following characteristics: thermal conductivity, thermal resistance and electrical To provide insulation, PBT (polybutylene terephthalate) and PBT GF 30 (polybutylene 5 terephthalate (30% glass fiber reinforced), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) and impact dielectric properties that are resistant to corrosion, thermal resistance and combustion. It is made of PA66 (polyamide 66) material.

9. Battery pack (1) conforming to claims 1 and 8, features: impact resistance, thermal 10 PA66 (polyamide 66) is a dielectric material that is resistant to wear and tear and flame. It is made of the material.

10. The battery pack (1) conforming to claim 1, and its characteristic is; the fluid line of the said fluid. It enters from the inlet (21) and exits from the fluid line outlet (22). 15 11. The battery pack (1) conforming to claim 1 is characterized by the fact that the battery pack (1) contains battery consisting of battery cells (3) connected to each other in series or parallel It includes module (5).

12. The battery pack (1) conforming to claim 1, and its characteristic is that the batteries forming the battery module (5) It is a lithium-ion battery.

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