An AI-based, wearable technology-supported telemedicine and remote patient management system and its methodology for peripheral artery diseases.

Abstract

The invention relates to an AI-based, wearable technology-supported telemedicine and remote patient management system for peripheral artery diseases, enabling patient management through remote monitoring and early diagnosis supported by AI-based wearable technology, and reducing or preventing the risks of complications, mortality, and morbidity arising from peripheral artery disease.

Description

1 TARIFF AI-BASED, WEARABLE DEVICE FOR PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASES. TECHNOLOGY-ASSISTED TELETHERY AND REMOTE PATIENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND THE METHOD FOR THIS Technical field to which the invention relates: 5 The invention supports AI-based wearable technology in the treatment of peripheral artery disease. patient management is ensured through remote monitoring and early diagnosis, and Complications, mortality and morbidity resulting from peripheral artery disease for peripheral artery diseases that enable the reduction or prevention of risks AI-based, wearable technology-supported telemedicine and remote patient management 10 It is related to the system. State of the art: Normal circulatory system anatomy and physiology involves oxygenated / oxygen-rich blood. transport to tissues and cells via the arterial system, and from tissues and cells via the venous system 15 The function of the circulatory system is to ensure the return of blood from the heart to the heart. Oxygen is delivered to the tissues via hemoglobin molecules through the arteries by the pumped blood. The transport of blood also includes the delivery of heat and other metabolites to the periphery. Kinetic energy, which allows it to reach cells throughout the body, is released during systole of the heart muscle. It is a contraction. 20 In peripheral occlusive arterial diseases, regional blood circulation is obstructed. varying degrees of insufficient blood flow and oxygen transport to cells This is the subject of discussion. As a result of peripheral artery disease, blood pumping in the distal circulation is impaired. Volume and pressure are decreasing. Atherosclerotic peripheral vascular system in the arterial system. disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, thromboangiitis obliterans 25 (Buerger syndrome), systemic vasculitis, other rheumatic and autoimmune diseases When there is a reduction or obstruction in blood flow due to this, it is pathological. During this process, stenosis (narrowing) or occlusion (blockage) occurs in the arteries. Especially atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (diabetes) In patients with chronic, progressive disease of the blood vessels, blood circulation is impaired. 30 Because it is damaged, it is not possible to provide tissue nutrition. In addition to this... Buerger's disease (thromboangiitis obliterans), scleroderma, Raynaud's syndrome, 2 The same applies to vascular lesions that disrupt local circulation, such as dermatomyositis and peripheral embolism. chronic pathological condition that reduces / obstructs blood flow within the lumen of an artery. The processes involved are as follows: The reflection of reduced peripheral blood circulation is arterial. Weakening of the palpable pulse or absence of a palpable pulse (nonpalpable), decreased peripheral oxygen saturation and oxygen 5 pain caused by the inability to provide heat to peripheral tissues (claudication / rest pain) Because it cannot be transported, it manifests as regional heat loss and signs of cold. As tissue damage develops, a vicious cycle (acidosis, release of local chemotactic factors) occurs. (proliferation, increased viscosity) progresses and vasoconstriction reduces blood flow, Tissue nutrition deteriorates further. 10 In addition to chronic vascular diseases, acute conditions such as thromboembolism and dissection can also occur. In pathologies, the sudden interruption of blood flow through the arterial lumen causes damage to the tissue. It leads to acidosis and tissue necrosis. The first four in acute arterial occlusions. Emergency surgical treatment is performed within the critical hour period to ensure continued blood flow. Ensuring this is of vital importance. Acute occlusion in chronic peripheral artery disease 15 The same pathophysiological mechanism applies to its development. In acute arterial occlusions, removing the clot or blockage located in the artery and blood flow Blood flow needs to be re-established. The first four hours are crucial for restoring blood flow. The critical time is extremely important to prevent cell death and tissue necrosis from developing. It is important. 20 Long-term systemic evaluation of symptomatic patients diagnosed with peripheral artery disease. Serial follow-ups should be performed. Routine follow-ups should also be carried out for asymptomatic patients. It is necessary. Mild symptoms can range from serious neurological events to limb loss. They may be indicators of progressive, serious arterial blockages. Changes in clinical condition. Early or emergency intervention may be required in this case. Assessment of patient 25 This should be done through a medical history, physical examination, and other necessary tests. Subject to application no. “CN112185499A”, which is in the known state of the art. The invention addresses the problems of not being able to monitor hypertensive patients remotely and regularly. It provides a solution. It automatically analyzes the blood pressure data of hypertensive patients. Collection, evaluation, storage, and management of patient dynamic blood pressure data. 30 The law provides the possibility of remote monitoring and updating the electronic record file. 3 pressure data management method, device, terminal device and computer storage A method consisting of the environment was used. Subject to application no. “FR2498921A1”, which is in the known state of the art. The invention is a watch-like device worn on the wrist to continuously display heart rate. The device in question includes an adjustable audible alarm. An ultrasonic receiver-5. The donor reflects a continuous or continuous flow of blood in an artery or vein in the wrist. It measures the Doppler frequency of a pulsed ultrasonic wave. In the current state of the art, it is a technology developed specifically for peripheral vascular diseases. There are no wearable technology products, software, or artificial intelligence studies currently underway. The application offers a site-specific integrated solution. The invention concerns peripheral vessels 10 Although designed for these diseases, it also provides the possibility of measurement from the neck. It can also be used for cerebrovascular diseases. In conclusion, due to the negative aspects described above and the current solutions, the subject matter... Due to its shortcomings, an improvement is needed in the relevant technical field. It has been made. 15 Brief Description and Objectives of the Invention: The invention supports AI-based wearable technology in the treatment of peripheral artery disease. patient management is ensured through remote monitoring and early diagnosis, and Complications arising from peripheral artery disease have a mortality and morbidity rate of 20%. for peripheral artery diseases that enable the reduction or prevention of risks AI-based, wearable technology-supported telemedicine and remote patient management. It is related to the system. The main goal of the invention is to enable early diagnosis using machine learning algorithms. reducing risk factors and presenting processed data to the physician and patient 25 It is a verification. Another aim of the invention is to develop remote monitoring methods for peripheral artery diseases. Providing health education and awareness about the disease, cardiovascular risk reducing contributing factors, continuing regular treatment, emergency or urgent vascular intervention. Identifying the need for intervention and taking the necessary action, adverse events 30 prevention, continuation of patient care outside of healthcare institutions, hospitalization rate, and 4 Reducing the duration of peripheral artery disease as a chronic disease improves health. easing the economic burden and improving the quality of life for patients is the guarantee Another purpose of the invention is to support telemedicine and remote patient management systems. By regularly monitoring physiological / pathological data, complications can be detected before they even occur. early detection and intervention enable the identification of emergency and intensive care needs. preventing or reducing outpatient visits or hospital stays Its purpose is to cause it to drop. Another aim of the invention is to apply data from peripheral artery disease patients to wearable technology. Risk factors will be determined through a database created by measuring the product and recording the data into the system. 10 Its purpose is to enable its identification. Explanation of the figures: Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the invention. Reference numbers: 110. Wearable device 15 Application 120. Server 130 140. Database Description of the invention The invention supports 20 AI-based wearable technology treatments for peripheral artery disease. patient management is ensured through remote monitoring and early diagnosis, and Complications, mortality and morbidity resulting from peripheral artery disease for peripheral artery diseases that enable the reduction or prevention of risks AI-based, wearable technology-supported telemedicine and remote patient management. It is related to the system. 25 The wearable device (110) is placed on the wrist (on the radial artery), on the ankle (on the radial artery). pulse measuring sensors are attached to the tibial (tibial) and neck (on both carotid arteries). and a band-shaped structure containing an ultrasonic sensor (Doppler ultrasound) for current pattern detection. It is a device. The pulse monitor sensor detects changes in light reflected off photodiodes during heartbeats. It measures and converts the signal into an analog signal. Signal movements are shown on the graph as upper and lower bounds. It forms points. Since each movement represents a pulse, from the peak points... The pulse is detected by movement. In Doppler ultrasound, a high-frequency sound is used. with its waves, the width (diameter) of the vessel, blood flow (flow rate) and constriction in the vessels The causative factors (plaque and other elements) are identified. Also, the throws and balls... A murmur is also heard, which arises from a hydrodynamic flow pattern in the vessels. Wearable device (110), wrapped around the wrist in the form of a band, measures blood pressure and radial artery It measures arterial pressure (blood pressure) from the wrist. The wearable device (110), 10 ECG sensor for rhythm (rhythmic NSR, arrhythmic) tracing and infrared temperature sensor for skin It records skin temperature (upper / lower extremity). The invention involves a pulse oximeter that uses infrared radiation to measure oxygen saturation and pulse rate. The peripheral pulse is measured by the sensor at the nail bed of the index finger. The application (120) works on the web and / or mobile device, allowing users to 15 The application includes at least one interface that allows users to enter their demographic information. (120) enables users to enter their demographic data. Application (120), using wireless communication protocols with wearable device (110) It communicates and receives data measured by the wearable device (110). In addition 20 users via application (120) unmeasured via wearable device (110) They can also enter the data they have measured themselves. The application (120) allows the person to enter their disease. Additional data reflecting the situation, such as blood test results, medication reports, etc., should be entered. The application (120) provides the data detected by the server (130) to the patient. an interface that allows it to be monitored by doctors and patients in particular It includes. The application (120) allows patients and physicians to interact with each other through an interface. It includes an interface that enables them to communicate. By communicating with the application (120), the server (130) accesses the demographic information of the patients. According to the standards, pulse rate, peripheral oxygenation values, and extremity end values ​​should be observed. The server (130) detects the temperature information of the part. standard pulse, peripheral Oxygenation values ​​and extremity temperature exceeding the lower and upper limits 30 In case of exceedance, the application is made in parallel with the degree / level of exceedance (120) This ensures that warnings are given. In this way, a continuous, objective communication is established between the doctor and the patient. To provide accurate communication based on data, to inform and educate patients, 6 It is possible to reduce treatment and follow-up costs and improve the quality of life for patients. will be. Data via application (120) to smartphone and / or portable smart devices. Data transfer and daily data storage will be possible. Server (130), wearable device (110) Change in the character of the measured parameters (pulse, (blood pressure, peripheral oxygen saturation, body temperature) instantaneous real-time 5 The server (130) detects the data entered from the application (120) and in the database. (140) Measurement data for the diagnosis and follow-up of peripheral artery diseases. (blood pressure, pulse, blood oxygen level, temperature) and various other parameters known to affect the disease. data on factors (age, weight, smoking status, medical history, etc.) It uses machine learning to calculate the patient's risk of developing a disease. 10 Server (130), machine that learns from historical data in the database (140) using classification and regression algorithms through learning models (supervised learning) disease diagnosis and patient status, clustering algorithms Using unsupervised learning, it identifies patterns in the data. Patients and physicians apply the results obtained with machine learning (120) 15 They are informed through the system. The physician can view critical situations in the system. The patient is informed about their current condition, and all units are prepared for emergencies. is warned. The server (130) uses machine learning to analyze the database (140) 80% of the information is used as learning data, and 20% is used as testing data. Because it is collected for a specific purpose, it is expected to have few structural problems. 20 However, since the measurements will be taken remotely by the patients, inaccurate measurements or errors may occur. Data can be lost. Therefore, it is beneficial for the data to undergo certain processes. Outliers and extreme values ​​are identified, and repeated observations are examined. Missing values ​​are replenished taking into account the nature of the value, end Numerical values ​​are normalized using the min-max method. Server (130), 25 For disease detection and monitoring; distance-based classification algorithms (Euclidean) (by distance) k-Nearest Neighbor, Simple Bayes and statistical algorithms Classification using Logistic Regression and C4.5 Decision Tree algorithms from decision trees. And supervised learning algorithms are used for regression. Within the data... k-Means 30, a segmented method for understanding patterns (correlations) The algorithm is used as unsupervised learning. Keeping the information entered through the database (140) and the application (120) on record. It provides. The database (140) calculates disease risk by the server (130). 7 It keeps the status data on record. The database (140) is for peripheral arteries. Measurement data for the diagnosis and monitoring of diseases (blood pressure, pulse, blood oxygen) the disease is known to be affected by various factors (age, weight, smoking) as well as the rate (temperature, etc.). It ensures that data regarding usage, medical history, etc., is kept on record. The AI-based remote detection method for peripheral artery disease is as follows: It includes the process steps; Users are required to enter their demographic information through the application (110), by the wearable device (110) attached to the wrist, ankle and neck of the person blood pressure, Doppler ultrasound, pulse and skin temperature measurement, 10 application (120) wireless communication protocols with wearable device (110) by using communication and receiving data measured by the wearable device (110) transmit to the server (130), According to the demographic information of the patients, the server (130) should be Standard pulse, peripheral oxygenation values, and extremity distal temperature are 15. Determining the information and standard pulse, peripheral oxygenation values ​​and Excessive temperature in the extremity exceeding the lower and upper limits. Warnings are given via application (120) in parallel with the degree / level, data entered from the application (120) and in the database (140) by the server (130) blood pressure, pulse, 20 for the diagnosis and monitoring of peripheral artery diseases. Blood oxygen levels, temperature measurements, and age and weight, which are known to affect the disease, Using machine learning on smoking and medical history data calculating the patient's disease risk status, Data detected by the server (130) are sent to physicians via the application (120) and 25

Claims

8 REQUESTS 1. It is an artificial intelligence-based remote detection system for peripheral artery diseases, Feature; 5 - A pulse measuring sensor and current pattern that can be attached to the wrist, ankle, and neck. ultrasonic sensor for measuring blood pressure via the radial artery The device includes an ECG sensor and an infrared temperature sensor for measuring skin temperature. containing at least one wearable device (110), - By operating on the web and / or mobile devices, it collects users' demographic information. 10 The data detected by the server (130) that enables physicians to enter and includes an interface that allows patients to monitor it, wearable the device (110) communicates with using wireless communication protocols and Data measured by the wearable device (110) is received and sent to the server (130) at least one application that enables transmission (120), 15 - by contacting the application (120), according to the demographic information of the patients required standard pulse, peripheral oxygenation values ​​and extremity Detecting end-section temperature information, standard pulse, peripheral oxygenation. if the values ​​and extremity distal temperature exceed the lower and upper limits 20 out of (120) application in parallel with the degree / level of overrun Data entered from the application (120) and data that enables warnings to be given diagnosis and follow-up of peripheral artery diseases located at the base (140) blood pressure, pulse, blood oxygen level, and temperature measurements are used to diagnose the disease. based on age, weight, smoking status, and medical history data known to have an impact 25 that calculates a patient's disease risk status using machine learning machine learning that learns from historical data in the database (140) using classification and regression algorithms through models The diagnosis of the disease and the patient's condition are determined using clustering algorithms. Detecting patterns between data at least one server (130), - keeping the information entered via the application (120) on record and peripheral 30 Blood pressure, pulse, and blood oxygen levels are measured for the diagnosis and monitoring of arterial diseases. the rate, temperature measurement data, and age, weight, smoking, which are known to affect the disease 9 its use enables at least one way to keep track of medical history data. database (140) It includes.

2. An artificial intelligence-based remote detection method for peripheral artery diseases. 5 feature; Users are required to enter their demographic information through the application (110), by the wearable device (110) attached to the wrist, ankle and neck of the person measuring blood pressure, Doppler ultrasound, pulse, and skin temperature, The application's (120) wireless communication protocols with wearable devices (110) 10 by using communication and receiving data measured by the wearable device (110) transmit to the server (130), According to the demographic information of the patients, the server (130) should be standard pulse, peripheral oxygenation values, and extremity distal temperature. the determination of information and standard pulse, peripheral oxygenation values ​​and 15 Excessive temperature in the extremity exceeding the lower and upper limits. Warnings via application (120) in parallel with the degree / level giving, data entered from the application (120) and in the database by the server (130). (140) blood pressure, 20 for diagnosis and follow-up of peripheral artery diseases. pulse, blood oxygen level, and temperature measurement data, as well as factors known to affect the disease. Machine learning on age, weight, smoking status, and medical history data. Calculating the patient's disease risk status using Data detected by the server (130) are sent to physicians via the application (120) and presented to patients through an interface 25 It includes the steps of the process.

3. AI-based remote detection of peripheral artery diseases according to Claim 1. The system is characterized by the disease risk status calculated by the server (130). It contains a database (140) that keeps its data on record. 30 4. AI-based remote detection of peripheral artery diseases according to Claim 1. It is a system and its feature is that pulse, blood pressure are measured via a wearable device (110), peripheral oxygen saturation, body temperature measurement parameters in their characteristics It includes a server (130) that detects the change instantly in real time.

5. AI-based remote detection of peripheral artery diseases according to Claim 1. It is a system and its feature is that it contains endpoints and outliers in the data (140) in the database. Identifying values, completing missing values, and extreme numeric values. It includes the server (130) which normalizes using the minimum-maximum method.

6. AI-based remote detection of peripheral artery diseases according to Claim 1. It is a system whose feature is that it is distance-based for disease detection and monitoring. k-Nearest Neighbor, one of the classification algorithms, is based on statistics. Algorithms such as Simple Bayes and Logistic Regression, and decision trees from C4.5 Decision Tree algorithms are used for supervised learning in classification and regression. It includes servers (130) that use algorithms.

7. AI-based remote detection of peripheral artery diseases in accordance with Claim 1 15 It is a system whose feature is that patients and doctors communicate with each other through an interface. It includes an application (120) with an interface that enables them to install it.

8. AI-based remote detection of peripheral artery diseases according to Claim 1. It is a system whose feature is that it provides additional data reflecting the individual's medical condition, blood It includes an application (120) that allows the entry of test results and drug report information. 20 9. AI-based remote detection of peripheral artery diseases according to Claim 1. It is a system and its feature is that the wearable device (110) is in band form. 30

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