A SYSTEM FOR MONITORING MARINE HEALTH AND A SUITABLE SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE FOR THIS SYSTEM.

Abstract

The invention relates to a marine health monitoring system and software architecture that detects environmental pollution caused by maritime trade and transportation vehicles in the seas and predicts their negative future impacts on ecological balance. This invention aims to detect pollution and its cause, and to monitor marine health, by using AIS (Automatic Identification System) data from ships discharging bilge water during navigation in ports, bays, and straits, as well as data from sensors on marine buoys positioned in the relevant areas.

Description

1 TARIFF A SYSTEM FOR MONITORING MARINE HEALTH AND THIS SYSTEM A SUITABLE SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE Technical Area The invention reduces environmental pollution caused by maritime trade and transportation vehicles in the seas by 5 it has been determined and its negative effects on ecological balance are for the future It is estimated to be related to the marine health monitoring system and software architecture. This invention makes it possible to discharge bilge water while navigating in ports, bays, and straits. AIS (Automatic Identification System) data of the ships leaving and the relevant regions Using data from sensors attached to positioned marine buoys, pollution levels were determined to be 10 and identifying the cause and monitoring marine health that is intended. Previous Technique Controlling, monitoring, tracking, or reporting illegal discharges from ships. It is monitored manually with control. 15 It is also integrated into satellites, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), aircraft, and helicopters. Remote sensing techniques for marine use with data from acquired sensors. Data is classified according to the type of pollution. For example, LiDAR, AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometry), MSS (Multispectral Camera Sensor), HSS (Hyperspectral Camera Sensor), RBV (Return Beam Vidicon), 20 MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) uses laser beams. wavelength topographic measurement and different wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum Measuring sensors are used. 2 Finally, water quality is monitored using IoT devices (sensors) integrated within the buoy. The measurements are used in current applications. The method of detecting illegal discharges through reporting and inspection procedures, these illegal This leads to the identification of only a small fraction of the ships carrying out the activity. It opens up. The activity to be complained about is subject to observation of the human factor. 5 They are too diverse and variable to be abandoned. Also, they are periodic or instantaneous. Inspections are very costly because they increase the workforce and workload. Similarly, inspections carried out by any aircraft or satellite are extensive. Although it offers the possibility of scanning and inspecting in the area, it does not identify the ships. This is insufficient for continuous sampling and monitoring. 10 Because once pollution is detected using remote sensing methods, it becomes official. In order for the procedures to be carried out, samples must be taken from that area, and official teams must be involved. proceeding to that area, preparing a report for the relevant vessel, and conducting laboratory tests. Proof of pollution is required. This entire process takes a long time. for the purpose of receiving it, the relevant ship is outside the area of ​​responsibility of the official teams or country 15 It is likely to move away from territorial waters. According to document CN107831285A, which is included in the known state of the art, river lake A system and method for detecting and monitoring pollution are described. According to document CN112423254A, which is included in the known state of the art, ocean A method and system for measuring and monitoring water quality online. 20 It is explained. According to document KR101622171B1, which is included in the known state of the art, the maritime A monitoring device for detecting water pollution is described. In the document numbered CN217146300U, which is included in the known state of the art, It refers to a buoy with various sensors. 25 3 EP4336347, EP1887468 and EP1645957 are included in the known state of the art. Various software architectures are mentioned in the patent documents. These The requirements for the documents are directly based on the software architecture. When examining known applications in the field, IoT includes artificial intelligence and business intelligence. a distributed architecture with integrated information technologies and operational technologies 5 a new software architecture for monitoring marine health The need for its implementation has arisen. Purposes of the Invention The goal of this invention is to create a float containing sensors that measure water quality and ions, for IoT purposes. Subsystems that fuse data measure the water pollution index (WPI) and predict the next 10 AI components that make predictions and business intelligence that performs statistical analysis. a computer that enables real-time monitoring of marine health using its components It is the implementation of a software architecture based on a digital framework. The software architecture described in this invention enables seawater measurements, health monitoring, and anomaly detection. and discharge detection can be provided instantly and continuous monitoring activity is carried out 15 This can be achieved. With the proposed software architecture, audit activities can be carried out. ensuring continuity, preventing, limiting, correcting pollution, and monitoring the results of these actions. According to the proposal, reforms should be implemented to ensure coordination between organs, increase efficiency, and ensuring effectiveness, making accurate decisions, within a controlled environment. to increase the positive developments and usefulness compared to the current situation, to increase the measures and 20 such as enabling the identification of shortcomings in the current practice. Contributions can be made to institutions. The system includes features such as a water pollution index, water pollution detection, and future marine pollution forecasting. Information about current and future sea water quality to the relevant institution. It will be able to provide. With the help of AIS data, the marine element causing this pollution can be identified. It will be able to detect (boats, commercial and passenger ships, etc.). From marine pollution. 4 The responsible institution can use this information to take the necessary physical precautions. Legal and criminal proceedings can be initiated with the evidence provided by the system. The invention provides an integrated architecture that meets the ISO requirements of an information system. It ensures compliance with 25010 system and software quality models. The system fault tolerance, safety, sustainability, usability, test 5 Quality attributes such as usability and maintainability are achieved with this software architecture. It can be provided. The invention's subject matter is architecture that primarily utilizes sensors located in buoys. Seawater data will be monitored in real-time. This information will also be available from the AIS station. Identity, coordinates and route of all vessels currently at sea 10 The information will be monitored. Artificial intelligence and business intelligence applications together. By examining its use, it will be possible to identify the marine element causing pollution. Detailed Description of the Invention Computer-based software developed to achieve the purpose of this invention. Its architecture is shown in the attached figures. 15 These shapes; Figure 1: Schematic view of the system architecture. Figure 2: Schematic view of the software architecture. The parts shown in the figures are individually numbered, and these numbers... The corresponding answers are given below. 20 1. Physical layer 1.1. Buoy 1.2. AIS Station 2. Data acquisition layer 2.1. IoT platform 2.2. AIS receiver system 2.3. GSM module providing 4G communication. 3. Usability and security layer 5 3.1. Safety components 3.2 Fault tolerance components 3.2.1 Load balancer 3.2.2 Gateway 3.2.3 Service logbook 10 4. Data layer 4.1. Time series database 4.2. Spatial database 4.3. Relational database 5. Analysis layer 15 5.1 Artificial intelligence system components 5.1.1 Water pollution detection service 5.1.2 Pollution source identification service 6 5.1.3 Marine life health risk service 5.1.4 Marine pollution risk service 5.1.5 – 5.1.6. – 5.1.7.- Transformer-based time series models (AI Models) 5.2. Business intelligence system components 5 5.2.1 Dashboard service 5.2.2 Statistics service 5.2.3 Marine Quality Scorecard Service 5.2.4 Reporting service 5.2.5 Business Intelligence Models 10 6. Consumption layer 6.1. Big data service 6.2. Real-time monitoring 6.2.1. Marine quality component 6.2.2. Ship traffic map application 15 6.2.3. Implementation of discharge and violation procedures. 6.2.4 Business layer implementation 6.3. Instrument panel 7 6.4. Special reports 6.5 Cross-cutting issues The invention is for detecting marine pollution and monitoring marine health. It is a computer-based software architecture that will be used, - 5 of the buoys (1.1) located in the physical layer (1) and having a sensor on them. receiving information about water quality and ions in the water from the AIS station (1.2) GSM transmits the ships' identity, coordinates, and route information via 4G communication. It receives data from the IoT platform (2.1) and the AIS receiver system (2.2) via the module (2.3) and a data acquisition layer (2) which is connected to the physical layer (1), - data acquisition layer (2) security 10 that wants to integrate into the system and that checks the fault tolerance of all system components. Increasing its usability, it has security components (3.1), gateway (3.2.2) and Availability and safety with other fault tolerance components (3.2) layer (3), - data passing through the security layer (3) is transmitted over which external systems 15 Load balancer (3.2.1) that distributes requests, gateway to requests of external and internal systems API gateway (3.2.2) and the registration of APIs that will pass through the API gateway Fault tolerance components (3.2) found in the service logbook (3.2.3), - The time series in which data is recorded and sensor data is stored. The database (4.1) contains 20 coordinate data obtained from the AIS station (1.2). The spatial database (4.2) and consumption layer (6) (backend) where it is stored, artificial intelligence relational database that stores data generated by business intelligence applications (4.3) a data layer located, connected to backend, artificial intelligence and business intelligence applications (4), 8 - Connected to the data layer (4) and the gateway (3.2.2) and the data and artificial In a system of intelligence applications (5.1) and business intelligence applications (5.2) were used for analysis. analysis layer (5), - Enables the transmission and reporting of analysis results and to the gateway (3.2.2) connected, big data service (6.1), real-time monitoring application (6.2), 5 instrument panel service (6.3), special report service (6.4) and cross-cutting issues (6.5) a consumption layer (6), It includes. The software architecture covered by the invention improves the system's availability and robustness. To ensure this, active redundancy 10 is enabled for requests coming to the system via the load balancer. Architectural tactics for distribution and security components (3.1) and gateway (3.2.2) It includes other fault tolerance components (3.2). The subject of the invention is the software architecture backend applications (consumption layer) (6) Big data service (6.1.1), real-time monitoring (6.2), marine quality component (6.2.1), Ship traffic map component (6.2.2), discharge and violations component (6.2.3), work layer 15 component (6.2.4), instrument panel component (6.3), custom report component (6.4) and cross It includes cutting issues (6.5). In the software architecture of the invention, artificial intelligence applications (5.1), water pollution detection service (5.1.1), element detection service (5.1.2), marine pollution estimation service (5.1.3), risk forecasting service (5.1.4) and transformer-based time series models (AI models) 20 It includes (5.1.5, 5.1.6, 5.1.7). The software architecture in question includes business intelligence applications (5.2), dashboard service. (5.2.1), statistics service (5.2.2), quality scorecard service (5.2.3), reporting service (5.2.4), and includes business intelligence models (5.2.5). 9 The invention is a method for identifying the elements that cause marine pollution. being, - Seawater data via various sensors through the buoy (1.1) taking, - Ship ID, coordinates or route from AIS station (1.2) 5 obtaining information - These data are fed into a time series database (4.1), a spatial database (4.2) and writing to the relational database (4.3), - Applications of artificial intelligence (5.1) and business intelligence (5.2) of this data to be analyzed with, 10 - A warning will be issued if an anomaly (pollution, etc.) is detected in the seawater. giving, - Identifying the vessel closest to the buoy that is discharging and violating regulations. - Calculating the acidic and basic balance to avoid endangering marine life. detection, 15 - Real-time monitoring and indicators for relevant units via web application. It includes reporting capabilities through panel and custom report components. The invention is a system for identifying the elements that cause marine pollution. 20 - It collects values ​​from seawater through various sensors on it. buoys (1.1), - Real-time information about ships at sea, such as identity, coordinates, and route. The following AIS station (1.2), - Receiving seawater information from buoys (1.1) and from AIS station (1.2) 25 It collects information about nearby ships such as their identity, coordinates, and route, and is used for maritime purposes. a system that locates the nearest ship when an anomaly (pollution) is detected in the water. It includes software that runs on a computer. In the physical layer of the software architecture (1) from the float (1.1) and AIS Data is received from the station (1.2). The buoy (1.1) contains By taking water samples at short intervals using water quality and ion IoT sensor devices. It performs analysis measurements. This data is used by GSM, which provides 4G communication. module (2.3) and API gateway (3.2.2) will provide the relevant storage. It transmits this information to the software service. It ensures the healthy continuation of its operations in marine conditions. It has LED, buzzer and LCD display units within it for this purpose. All of these a power unit that feeds the other units and a solar energy system that generates energy for this power unit It has a panel. The Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) found on ships, 10 AIS and radar data can be generated in the ship's environment. Ships' AIS The AIS data that it sends to its stations can be received by AIS receivers in that area. AIS data can be obtained from online AIS hub platforms in addition to AIS receiver devices. This is possible. Ships in the area can be located according to latitude and longitude information. (2) 15 at the data acquisition layer with the help of API services for movements and ship information Data on the buoys (1.1) are obtained using API services. It is transferred to the information system at the layer. Clients such as sensors and users will make requests to the system via REST API. The requests are primarily from the intrusion prevention system (IPS), intrusion detection system (IDS), Load 20 Balancer, Firewall and other software and hardware security components (3.1) It passes through the usability and security layer (3) of the filter. Here Requests are allowed through specific IP addresses and ports. The system is protected against errors. To increase tolerance and offer high availability, the requirements are for fault tolerance. The load balancer (3.2.1) is distributed via components (3.2). Active redundancy 25 In line with architectural tactics, it distributes requests across multiple redundant servers. This Servers communicate with each other and with external systems via API gateway (3.2.2) They provide it through. The API gateway (3.2.2) is a component where all communication is managed. 11 Therefore, necessary software components such as logging, auditing, and security are required. It is executed here. The API gateway (3.2.2) is active on the system to which the request will be sent. It reads APIs from the service registry (3.2.3). The data layer (4) is where the data obtained from the data acquisition layer (2) is stored and 5 It is the layer where data is managed. All subsystems access data through this layer. This is provided. Databases are distributed using a clustering architecture. relational database (4.3), spatial database (4.2) and time series data at the layer The base (4.1) is positioned. This applies to time series, geographic, and relational data found in databases. Detection of pollution (5.1.1), identification of the source of pollution (5.1.2), marine life health risk forecast (5.1.3), future marine pollution forecast (5.1.4) and statistical Analytical studies such as analysis (5.2.2) are carried out in the analysis layer (5). Artificial artificial intelligence applications (5.1) and business intelligence applications (5.2) and the artificial intelligence that serves them Intelligence services and business intelligence services operate at this layer. Also, artificial intelligence. in the layer, ▪ After the sensor data from each sensor is calculated, the system analyzes all by combining data collected from sensors using data fusion techniques 20 Sustainable values ​​are calculated. For this, the Dempster-Shafer theory is used. It is used. ▪ To conduct a water quality analysis, it is first necessary to calculate the Water Quality Index (WQI). A Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) based AI model It is used. After the SKI calculation, Water Quality Classification (SKS) 25 Water quality is determined by this process. The samples are large in volume and diverse. A solution that will improve performance to overcome the SKS problem. This requires a bidirectional encoder (e.g., BERT) and a left-to-right decoder. The standard seq2seq / machine translation architecture (e.g., GPT) solves this problem. 12 An example can be given to solve this. BART is a classification that has all these solutions. It has an architecture and a design that can meet the performance requirements. The term BART SKS is used in the invention. ▪ Buoys that display latitude and longitude data have detected pollution. Element Detection 5: Timely identification of the nearest vessel to that area. This forms the basis of the problem. Latitude and longitude data are again used with AIS data. Approximate Nearest distance between ships with time information and buoys Neighbor (ANN) is a vector space-based nearest vector search algorithm. It is used. ▪ Risk estimate: The risk of marine pollution that could be dangerous to marine life is 10 It is an AI model that calculates dissolved oxygen found in the sea. Increases and decreases in values ​​such as salinity and pollution levels affect marine life. It involves calculating the effect it has on the time. TimeGPT time a pre-trained system using transformer architecture in the series models It is a model. It is widely used in time series analysis. Deniz 15 Fine-tuning historical pollution data with TimeGPT in pollution analysis. (tuning) and the ability to predict risks for the future It is possible. This invention will come with TimeGPT, which uses transformer architecture. a system component that predicts marine pollution on behalf of the company is an innovative idea. It recommends. 20 The system, with its mobile and web application components and the API service it provides. information produced in the analysis layer (5) and raw data in the data layer (4) It provides the service as a consumption layer (6). Big data service (6.1), sea quality (6.2.1), ship traffic map (6.2.2), discharges and violations 25 (6.2.3) real-time monitoring (6.2) and their display on the instrument panel (6.3) Showing or reporting in the form of a special report (6.4) at this layer is being done. 13 The invention involves a software architecture that continuously samples and analyzes data under different conditions. functional requirements of an information system running in the environment and on the providers, Alignment of quality characteristics, technology, and system environment. This is to be provided. With the designed architecture, third-party systems, data, users (end System 5 is a system that is affected by factors such as user and API user, transactions, etc. combined within that context.

Claims

14 REQUESTS 1. The invention is for detecting marine pollution and monitoring marine health. It is a computer-based software architecture that will be used, - buoys (1.1) located in the physical layer (1) and having a sensor on them water quality and information about ions in the water received from AIS station (1.2) 5 GSM transmits the ships' identity, coordinates, and route information via 4G communication. It receives data from the IoT platform (2.1) and the AIS receiver system (2.2) via the module and a data acquisition layer (2) which is connected to the physical layer (1), - security of the data acquisition layer (2) that wants to integrate into the system and check the fault tolerance of all system components and 10 Increasing its usability, it has security components (3.1), API gateway (3.2.2) and other fault tolerance components (3.2) an availability and safety layer (3), - data passing through the security layer (3) is transmitted over which external systems Load balancer (3.2.1) distributing requests, gateway to requests of external and internal systems 15 API gateway (3.2.2) and the registration of APIs that will pass through the API gateway Fault tolerance components (3.2) found in the service logbook (3.2.3), - The time series in which data is recorded and sensor data is stored. database (4.1), coordinate data obtained from AIS station (1.2) spatial database (4.2) where it is stored and backend, artificial intelligence and business intelligence 20 Having a relational database (4.3) that stores data generated by applications, a data linked to backend (6), artificial intelligence (5.1) and business intelligence (5.2) applications (6) layer (4), - Connected to the data layer (4) and the API gateway (3.2.2) and the data and 25 analyzed with artificial intelligence applications (5.1) and business intelligence applications (5.2) analysis layer (5), - Enables the transmission and reporting of analysis results and to the gateway (3.2.2) connected, big data service (6.1), real-time monitoring application, a dashboard service, a special report service and cross-cutting issues consumption layer (6), It is characterized by containing 5 2. A software architecture similar to that in Claim 1, which ensures the availability of the system and requests coming to the system via the load balancer to ensure its durability deploying with active redundancy architecture tactics and security components (3.1) and API 10 by including the other fault tolerance component (3.2) located between the gateway (3.2.2). It is characterized by...

3. A software architecture like the one in Claim 1 or 2, with backend applications. (consumption layer) (6) big data service (6.1.1), real-time monitoring (6.2), marine quality component (6.2.1), ship traffic map component (6.2.2), discharges and violations component (6.2.3), business layer component (6.2.4), dashboard component (6.3), custom 15 It is characterized by containing report component (6.4) and cross-cutting issues (6.5). is being done.

4. A software architecture like any of the above requirements, artificial intelligence applications (5.1), water pollution detection service (5.1.1), element detection service (5.1.2), marine pollution forecasting service (5.1.3), risk forecasting service (5.1.4) 20 and transformer-based time series models (AI models) (5.1.5, 5.1.6, 5.1.7) It is characterized by its inclusion.

5. A software architecture like any of the above requirements, and the business intelligence applications (5.2), dashboard service (5.2.1), statistics service (5.2.2), Quality scorecard service (5.2.3) and reporting service (5.2.4) and business intelligence models 25 It is characterized by containing (5.2.5).

6. The invention is aimed at identifying the elements that cause marine pollution. method, 16 - Seawater via various sensors through the buoy (1.1) data collection, - Ship ID, coordinates or route from AIS station (1.2) obtaining information - These data are stored in a time series database (4.1), a spatial database (4.2) and 5 writing to the relational database (4.3), - Applications of artificial intelligence (5.1) and business intelligence (5.2) of this data to be analyzed with, - A warning will be issued if an anomaly (pollution, etc.) is detected in the seawater. given, 10 - Identifying the vessel closest to the buoy that is discharging and violating regulations. - Calculating the acidic and basic balance to avoid endangering marine life. detection, - Real-time monitoring and indicators for relevant units via web application. The steps for providing reporting with panel and custom reports components are 15. It is characterized by its inclusion.

7. The invention is aimed at identifying the elements that cause marine pollution. is a system, - It collects values ​​from seawater through various sensors on it. buoys (1.1), 20 - Information about ships at sea, such as their identity, coordinates, and route. real-time monitoring AIS station (1.2), - Receiving seawater information from the buoys (1.1) and from the AIS station (1.2) obtains information such as the identity, coordinates, and route of nearby ships and when an anomaly (pollution) is detected in the seawater, the nearest 25 software running on a computer that detects the ship It is characterized by its inclusion.

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