LENSLESS HOLOGRAPHIC MICROSCOPE WITH INTEGRATED MAGNETIC LEVITATION PLATFORM FOR MEASURING VISCOSITY AND DENSITY OF LIQUIDS.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- TR · TR
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- IZMIR YUKSEK TEKNOLOJI ENSTITUSU
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-22
Abstract
Description
1 TARIFF LENSLESS HOLOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENT FOR VISCOSITY AND DENSITY OF LIQUIDS. MICROSCOPE INTEGRATED MAGNETIC LEVITATION PLATFORM Technical Field to Which the Invention Relates 5 The invention describes a lensless method for measuring the viscosity and density of liquids in a microcapillary channel. holographic microscope integrated magnetic levitation platform and the aforementioned It relates to the working method of the platform. The method described in the invention is magnetic levitation. a portable device that uses microparticles as a kind of microsensor with this technique Within the platform, the measurement of viscosity and density of solutions is carried out, as mentioned in the 10. The levitation speed and height of microparticles affect the viscosity and density of the solution. This is achieved by relating it to its mass. Additionally, it is integrated into the platform. Levitated substances in the solution can be observed using a lensless holographic microscope. It is also possible to visualize and process microparticles. State of the Art Viscosity and density are fundamental properties of a fluid, and their analysis can be used for various purposes. It plays an important role in industrial, scientific and engineering applications, many It directly affects the quality and performance of the product. For example, 20 The viscosity of chemical substances or industrial liquids affects the functionality of the product and It determines the ease of application. Density, on the other hand, determines the volumetric efficiency of the products. This affects features such as portability and storage capacity. Also, many In the industrial sector, viscosity and density analysis are crucial for product quality. This is important in determining and ensuring compliance with standards. This 25 Analyses are used to ensure product consistency and improve customer satisfaction. It is used. In addition, viscosity and density analysis is used in production processes. It provides valuable information for optimization, and the analyses performed show the materials. to improve flow, use energy and resources efficiently, reduce waste It provides valuable data that can be used for purposes such as these. 30 In viscosity and density analyses, both parameters are measured in the same instrument. This practice brings numerous advantages. Using the same sample multiple times... Performing the process on a single device is practical and efficient, rather than transferring it to multiple devices. 2 This is the case when the sample is valuable and in limited quantities. Instead of testing the sample on multiple devices, viscosity and specificity can be measured on a single device. Performing mass measurements results in less sample consumption. Similarly, The use of the device prevents operators from having to deal with multiple devices, and It reduces technical complexity. Furthermore, it allows for simultaneous measurements of viscosity and density. The devices that perform this function are generally integrated with the same software interface or system. This is possible. This makes it more compatible for data analysis, reporting, and process management. This is a solution. However, in the current state of the art, density and viscosity... To enable simultaneous measurement of viscometer-densimeter combinations, multifunctional analysis instruments, rheometers, double-arm immersion 10 Densitometers are used. These traditional systems have high energy requirements. and uses samples. At the same time, these devices have a bulky structure. It is problematic and costly. In this context, in the current technology, traditional An alternative to viscometers, benchtop densitometers, and combinations thereof. Microdevices using microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) 15 MEMS viscometers are being developed, and because they are portable, they are particularly suitable for clinical use. In applications, it performs better than traditional viscometers in many industries. It performs well. However, the components of MEMS systems are suitable for clean rooms. Because it is produced at great expense, it increases the unit test cost and is complex. It includes mathematical modeling and production procedures. There are 20 known examples of this technique. another principle involved in this situation and used for measuring density Magnetic levitation technique is suitable for its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and sample processing. because it requires minimal effort, it is used in various disciplines of life sciences. It is becoming an attractive tool for researchers, but most importantly, the biggest The advantage is the separation of target cells without labels in a heterogeneous solution. 25 The aim is to provide [1]. However, the mentioned technique is to measure the viscosity and density of liquids. It cannot be used to do this simultaneously. Magnetic levitation is generally used for liquids. the particles inside are raised and stabilized by the effect of a magnetic field It is based on this principle, and this technique is widely used in particle characterization and It is used in the analysis of suspensions. 30 This study, conducted by Delikoyun and colleagues, is part of the known state of the technique. One study investigated the densities of microparticles within a microcapillary channel. Magnetic levitation-based integrated lensless holographic microscope for measurement. 3 It is related to the platform [1]. In the said study, the principle of magnetic levitation Within this scope, microparticle density distinguishes different microparticle populations. It is used as a physical token for this purpose and in the hybrid platform described. Various measurements can be made using the lensless holographic microscope found. Microparticles are visualized at equilibrium heights, and these images are 5 The results of the processing are analyzed. The method used in this study is paramagnetic. Specific levitation to detect cell groups with different densities in the environment. It measures their heights. Furthermore, the document in question mentions cell cores. By monitoring characteristic changes in their mass, cells' viability and drug response can be assessed. and their differentiations are being tested. However, magnetic levitation described here is 10 The lensless holographic microscope system integrated into its platform allows for the detection of only microparticles. This allows for the determination of the levitation height specific to its mass. The document states that the measurement medium has fixed characteristics, and only the particles within it... The density property is changing. The measurement performed in this document is of the particle. It is independent of size and depends only on its density. 15 Patent application number CZ304430B6, which is included in the prior art, Measurement of density, viscosity, and surface tension of liquids in a reservoir. It relates to a platform. This platform includes a measuring element, an electromagnet, It consists of two diodes (LED and photodiode) that form the control circuit and the light barrier. 20 The measuring element here is a rod with a disc at its lower end that can be submerged in liquids. For viscosity measurement, the measuring element is suspended by an electromagnet. Measurements are taken when the electrical circuit connected to the electromagnet is interrupted briefly and at specific intervals. The measuring element is in free fall. When the circuit restarts, the measuring element... It retracts again and the system vibrates until it reaches equilibrium. Measurement 25 The levitation of the element is controlled by feedback from the light barrier via the control circuit. It is adjusted according to the notification. Light from the barrier via a converter. The signals are read and compared with mechanical values. Vibration Damping is related to the viscosity of the fluid. When measuring density... No vibration or vibration measurement is being performed, but the current passing through the solenoid coil is 30. The flow rate is recorded and measured, and this flow rate is correlated with the density of the fluid. The subject is that each solution can be measured without changing the measuring element and measuring chamber on the platform. It is used for this purpose. Measurements require the reservoir and measuring element to be very well-maintained. 4 Cleaning is essential. Otherwise, the risk of contamination is high. This is especially true in this situation. This is critical in the context of sensitive measurements of biological fluids. The limitations and inadequacies of current technological solutions lie in the viscosity and specific properties of liquids. Systems that perform mass measurements simultaneously require high sample volumes. 5 and the high risk of contamination, unit testing with conventional techniques They increase the cost and consequently become expensive, as well as being complex. They involve mathematical modeling and production procedures, magnetic levitation Reasons such as the technique being used only in the density measurement of microparticles Therefore, it has become necessary to make improvements in the relevant technical field. 10 Brief Description and Objectives of the Invention The invention describes a lensless method for measuring the viscosity and density of liquids in a microcapillary channel. holographic microscope integrated magnetic levitation platform and the aforementioned 15 The platform's mode of operation is explained. In the aforementioned hybrid platform, Viscosity measurement is related to the drag force, while density measurement is related to the platform's... the lift force created by using the acceleration due to gravity when rotating It is based on this principle. This principle observes the movements of different solutions in a paramagnetic medium. 20 of fixed size and density as a type of microsensor to characterize It uses microparticles. Additionally, the platform features lensless holographic technology integrated into it. Microparticles levitating in the solution can be seen through a microscope. It is also possible to view and process it. The aim of the invention is to simultaneously measure the viscosity and density of liquids. capable of imaging and processing microparticles. The invention provides a platform for the liquid through a two-configuration structure. Density and viscosity measurements can be performed simultaneously. Furthermore, The image sensor (CMOS) located on the platform that is the subject of the invention, microparticles After detecting hologram images, the angular spectrum method, sensor 30 It converts the holographic images obtained on it into object images and These are then recreated using backpropagation techniques. The reconstruction process does not involve any of the microparticles that need to be visualized. Because it does not require manual focusing, the platform is free from environmental conditions and user feedback. It allows the determination of microparticle positions regardless of errors. He knows. Another aim of the invention is to enable rapid and low-volume measurement of the viscosity and density of liquids. It is implemented at a cost. Platform elements include LED, magnet, pinhole 5 suitable due to its formation and the low amount of solutions used. A costly solution is provided. This setup includes expensive lenses, It is economical because it does not include elements such as lenses, mirrors, and laser sources. In this sense, there is an advantage. Within the framework of the magnetic levitation principle. Measurements performed in a paramagnetic environment at a specific concentration 10 The entire process takes less than 7 minutes. This concentration is changed for analysis. The timing can also be changed. Another aim of the invention is to reduce both the viscosity and the volume of liquids with a small sample volume. The platform described in the invention allows for the determination of the density of the liquid. 15 is doing. Another aim of the invention is to prevent contamination during viscosity and density analysis. The aim is to eliminate the risk. The microparticles used in the platform that is the subject of the invention and The microcapillary channel is used by changing it after each measurement, thus 20 the effect a measured solution will have in the next measurement This prevents contamination. Explanation of Figures 25 Figure 1. Magnetic levitation-based platform integrated with a holographic microscope. Measurement principle (A: viscosity measurement configuration, B: density measurement) configuration). Figure 2. Illustration of a magnetic levitation platform. Between two opposing magnets. a microcapillary illuminated through placed holographic microscope components 30 channel. (A. Ambient light cover B. Magnets, microcapillary channel and lensless) (main body containing holographic microscope elements) 6 Figure 3. Microparticles inside microcapsules placed between two magnets. processed holographic images. Figure 4. Levitation time of microparticles and known viscosities of solutions. Correlation graph between them. Figure 5. Density of microparticles at a concentration of 200 mM Gadolinium (Gd3+). analysis of AD: 50-10% by weight and EH: 5-2% by weight glycerol solutions (reconstitution) (structured images). Figure 6. Levitation height of microparticles and known densities of solutions. Correlation graph between them. Explanation of References in Figures 1. Ambient light cover 2. Main body 15 3. Magnet 4. Microcapillary channel 5. Paramagnetic solution 6. Light source 7. Image sensor 20 8. Pinhole Detailed Description of the Invention The invention describes a lensless 25-degree microcapillary channel for measuring the viscosity and density of liquids. holographic microscope integrated magnetic levitation platform and the aforementioned It relates to the platform's operating method. In the aforementioned hybrid platform, viscosity The measurement is based on the drag force, while the density measurement is based on the rotation of the platform. It is based on the buoyant force created using gravitational acceleration. This The principle is to characterize the movements of different solutions in a paramagnetic medium. 30 as a type of microsensor for microparticles of constant size and density It also uses a lensless holographic microscope integrated into the platform. thanks to this, microparticles levitating in the solution can be visualized and It is also possible to process it. 7 The invention is a lensless holographic microscope with an integrated magnetic levitation platform. For density measurement, they were positioned opposite each other, one at the top of the platform and the other... The equipoles, positioned at the bottom of the device, face each other for viscosity measurement. 5 microparticles positioned horizontally in opposite directions and aligned with each other At least two magnets (3) used to levitate, containing the sample solution at least one microcapillary channel (4), at least one light source (6) to illuminate the sample, To convert the light source to a point light source, at least one pinhole (8), opposite a solution contained within a microcapsule placed between magnets A non-ionic paramagnetic 10 for the levitation of microparticles in the sample. solution (5) and at least one image sensor to take an image of the microparticles (7) is included. The magnet mentioned herein (3) is an N52 grade neodymium magnet. It is made of (NdFeB) and has dimensions of 2×5×50 mm. The microcapillary channel in question (4), The 1×1×50 mm, pinhole (8) measures 50-200, preferably 150 µm. In addition, Here, the light source is white LED light (6) and the image sensor is CMOS 15 (7). is used. Here, the LED light is in the 395-530 nm range. The platform that is the subject of the invention, It is manufactured from generic polylactic acid (Generic PLA) material. (See Figure 2) As can be seen, when the final CMOS-sample distance (z3) is 1 mm, the sample-pinhole distance is... The distance (z2) is 50 mm. The distance (z1) of the LED pinhole (8) is 20 mm. Here, two Suitable for holding the magnet at a fixed distance of 1.7 mm and with display elements 20 The aligned geometry was designed using 3D CAD software. In one application of the invention, the microparticles are separated before the measurement begins. a single magnet (3) to align the microcapillary channels on the wall It is used. In this way, microparticles are placed on a magnetic levitation platform. 25 When positioned between opposing magnets, they move from the same position. They start moving within the capillaries. For solution viscosity analysis. It is critical that the microparticles move from the same position. Errors during measurement It reduces the margin of error and increases the accuracy of the measurement result. The invention is lensless. Holographic microscope integrated magnetic levitation platform, 30 opposing magnets a vertical configuration arranged horizontally for viscosity measurement The particles are positioned on this platform where magnetic induction is minimal. The particles tend to move towards the center of the two magnets where they are interacting. The magnetic force acting on it moves through the solution until it becomes zero. This place 8 During displacement, the drag force acts in the opposite direction of the motion. Theoretical Equation 1, which expresses the forces acting on the microparticle, states that the solution... It is used to calculate viscosity: 𝜂 = 4R2∆π 3𝜇0 (B 𝜕𝐵𝑥 𝜕𝑥 +By 𝜕𝐵𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝐵𝑧 𝜕𝐵𝑥 𝜕𝑧 ) 6f Equation 1 5 Here ( ) is the magnetic susceptibility difference between the microparticle and the environment (Gd3+ Magnetic susceptibility is assumed to be 3.2×10-4 M-1), ( ) vacuum permeability (1.2566×10−6 kg⋅m⋅A−2⋅s−2) and (B) the magnetic induction value calculated with FEM. It shows. Also, ( ) is the radius of the microparticle, ( ) is the drag coefficient. (for microparticles far from the microfluidic channel wall = 1), ( ) 10 The velocity of the microparticle and ( ) represent the dynamic viscosity of the medium. As shown in the equation, microparticle size is proportional to the square of its radius. This affects the equilibrium speed and thus the equilibrium time. In other words... As the particle gets smaller, its speed decreases accordingly. The equation also... It was also revealed that the equilibrium velocity of the particle decreased as the sample became more viscous. 15 He puts it there. Using this principle, the viscosity of a solution depends on the capillary action of the particle. This can be determined by measuring the equilibrium time in the channel. The platform in question, To perform solution density measurements based on magnetic levitation, the opposing forces... To position the magnets vertically, they are placed in a horizontal configuration. It is rotated 90°, where the rotation can be done manually or by hand. It can also be accomplished with a motorized mechanism. In this configuration... microparticles, due to differences in magnetic susceptibility with the surrounding environment Moving from high magnetic induction to low magnetic induction This is the tendency. The microparticles then interact through magnetic and buoyant forces. When it is balanced, it stabilizes at a certain levitation height. 25 The force acting on the microparticle is used to calculate the density of the solution. Theoretical Equation 2 is expressed as follows: 𝜌𝑚 = ∆𝜒 𝜇0 (B 𝜕𝐵𝑧 𝜕𝑥 +By 𝜕𝐵𝑧 𝜕𝑦 +By 𝜕𝐵𝑧 𝜕𝑧 ) d − 𝜌𝑝 Equation 2 30 9 In this equation, (𝒈) represents the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 ms−2), and 𝜌𝑝 and 𝜌𝑚 represent the microparticle accelerations, respectively. and the volumetric densities of the medium. For a given microparticle density, if If the solution density is higher than the particle density (𝜌𝑝 < 𝜌𝑚), the particle The magnetic field is balanced above the midpoint. Similarly, if the solution If the particle density is lower than the magnetic field density (𝜌𝑝 > 𝜌𝑚), the particle is magnetically dispersed. It is in equilibrium below the point. The solution and particle densities are equal. When (𝜌𝑝 = 𝜌𝑚), the microparticles are in equilibrium at the midpoint. The size of the microparticle does not affect the measurement characteristics. Its density... manual levitation height of a known microparticle in a microcapillary channel (4) The density of the solution can be measured either by means of image analysis methods or by following this principle. 10 It is calculated using the aforementioned image analysis methods. segmentation, object recognition, machine or deep learning methods, or motion This is an analysis. The microparticles examined were analyzed using an integrated lensless holographic microscope. This is done by visualizing images inside microcapillaries using a CMOS sensor and an LED. 15 It is connected. The LED passes through a pinhole (8) and into the microcapillary channel (4) It emits light waves that illuminate microparticles. The reference wave and the object When the wave formed as a result of the interaction combines on the image sensor (7), CMOS It detects holographic images of microparticles. Specially formulated. a software code controls the display time and frequency of image 20 This allows the sensor (7) to capture the resulting particle holograms. Holographic images captured during the experiment yielded images of real objects. It is being restructured in such a way as to be referenced by the light source (6). with its wave, the wave formed on the sample as a result of object interaction When the wave converges on the image sensor (7), the microparticles form a hologram 25 images are obtained. After these images are digitally recorded, angular measurements are taken. Starting from the image sensor (7) axis with the spectrum method The microparticles are digitally scanned up to the focal height where they are located. The invention concerns a lensless holographic microscope with an integrated magnetic levitation platform. Working method; 30 i. The spatial path of light through the pinhole (8) placed in front of the light source (6) filtering, ii. For example, in a microcapillary channel placed next to a single magnet alignment of microparticles within the microcapillary channel wall, iii. Two magnets with the same poles facing each other horizontally for viscosity measurements (3) image of the sample in the microcapillary channel (4) placed between them illuminating the front of the sensor (7), 5 iv. The resulting hologram images are digitally displayed at intervals of 0.01-10 seconds. recording, v. To perform density measurements by rotating the platform 90° placed between two magnets (3) whose poles face each other vertically For example, in front of the image sensor (7) located in the microcapillary channel (4) 10 illumination, vi. The resulting hologram images are digitally generated at intervals of 0.01-10 seconds. recording, vii. Digital reconstruction of recorded hologram images Determining the focal height of microparticles, 15 viii. Solution-specific microparticle levitation speed and height are measured. Measurement of viscosity and density properties It includes the steps involved in the process. In the method described in the invention, the microparticle in step (viii) is 0.9-1.1 g.cm-3 and with a density and size range of 1-150 microns, preferably 1.05 g cm-3 20 It is a polyethylene particle with a density of 15 µm and a diameter of 15 µm. In the invention, the velocities of the microparticles added to the platform were calculated (Figure 1-A). A calibration curve is obtained for viscosity measurement. Consistent results are obtained. To do this, the sample is prepared using a mixture containing microparticles and Gd3+ (Gadolinium). Microcapillaries are placed next to a single magnet (3). This allows 25 microparticles to be placed next to each other. This causes the capillaries to be pushed and aligned against the wall of the capillary channel. The blood vessel is then placed between two opposing magnets and visualized. To determine the velocity of the particles on these processed images, the starting point is... The time taken to move the particles from their initial position to their final position is measured. The particles are analyzed. To do this, reference positions between the capillary wall and the centerline are 30. is selected. The visual quality deteriorates as the particles get closer to the capillary wall. and the movement of microparticles becomes very slow as they approach the center line. 11 This is observed. Accordingly, the reference starting and ending positions are centered on the center. from the line 260 µm (hi line in Figure 3) and 60 µm (hf line in Figure 3) The magnetic line is chosen to be at a distance. Therefore, the acting magnetic forces are different at both locations. It also remains constant, and particle equilibrium times during analysis are constant at 200 µm. It is measured at a distance. 5 The equilibrium times of the particles are 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 4%, 3% by weight. It is determined at a temperature of 26 ± 1 °C in solutions containing 2%, 1% and 0% glycerol. Each The calibration results are obtained by equilibrium times corresponding to the known viscosity of the solution. The curve is also shown in Figure 4-A. Microparticle equilibrium time with solution 10 There is a nonlinear relationship between viscosity. Each Gd3+ For the concentration, the R2 values were 0.97, 0.99, and 0.99 for 200, 100, and 50 mM, respectively. An exponential curve fit is obtained with these values. Regarding curve fits... The equations are as follows: y=28.59e0.3482x, y=130.4e0.2245x, y=208.4e0.2289x. In these equations, y represents the speed at which microparticles travel in a paramagnetic environment for 15 seconds. n represents the time until equilibrium is reached, and x represents the solution viscosity in cP. This The measurements show a gradual increase in microparticle levitation time as liquid viscosity increases. This shows an increase. In addition, as the molarity of the paramagnetic solution decreases, The rate of change in microparticle levitation time, along with the viscosity grade. is increasing. This relationship expands the scope of viscosity measurement accuracy and speed. 20 It is changing. The results show lower levels with a longer levitation period. Even small changes in viscosity in paramagnetic environments can have a significant impact. This shows that it can be detected with high sensitivity. Specifically, 1-3 cP. The time required to measure its viscosity was 335.2 hours at 50, 100 and 200 mM Gd3+, respectively. This corresponds to the intervals of ± 62.2, 216.9 ± 43.0 and 59.7 ± 16.7 seconds. Furthermore, 25 On the other hand, higher in a high concentration paramagnetic environment. Viscosities are measured more quickly. For the viscosity range of 1-10 cP, the measurement time is 50 minutes. The results are 15.1 ± 9.5, 10.6 ± 7.1 and 5.1 ± 4.7 minutes for 100 and 200 mM Gd3+, respectively. The viscosity range can also be adjusted by adjusting the Gd3+ concentration. It can be changed. 30 Since the viscosity of a solution depends largely on temperature, The levitation time of microparticles is 26 ± in the low viscosity range (i.e., <1.5 cP). Measurements are taken at 1 and 37 ± 1 °C (Figure 4-B). At 26 ± 1 °C, each Gd3+ 12 The R2 values were 0.92, 0.95, and 0.92 for concentrations of 200, 100, and 50 mM, respectively. This results in a line of agreement regarding these concentrations. The equations are as follows: "y = 66.57x - 43.94", "y = 135x + 2.296" and "y = 145.5x + 99.26". Similarly, at 37 ± 1 °C, for each Gd3+ concentration, 200, 100 and 50 A linear fit was obtained for mM with R2 values of 0.96, 0.95 and 0.95 respectively. These concentrations are represented by the following equations: "y = 112.6x - 90.67", "y = 143.7x - 91.19" and "y = 175x - 78.91". These measurements show 1.26-0.97 at 26°C. The viscosity range, which was cP, decreased to 1.01-0.84 cP for the same solutions at 37°C. This As a result, even at decreasing viscosity values, microparticle velocity can be analyzed to obtain more accurate results. This shows that a narrow range can be detected. With increasing temperature, 10 As viscosity decreases, microparticle velocity increases. Also, Gd3+ concentration... It has also been observed that the rates of these changes increase as the temperature decreases. Low temperature Its effect on the viscosity range is more pronounced in 100 and 50 mM Gd3+ media. The platform described in the invention is positioned at 90° 15" for measuring the density of the solution. is rotated (Figure 1-B). A calibration curve for density measurement is placed on the platform. This is obtained by calculating the levitation height of the added microparticles. (Figure 6). The levitation heights of these particles were determined at 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 10%, and 5% by weight. Measurements are taken in solutions containing 4, 3, 2, 1 and 0 mM glycerol and 200, 100 and 50 mM Gd3+. The prepared solutions were 1.335, 1.0887, 1.0647, 1.0415, 1.0194, 1.0087, 1.0066, 1.0045 20 It has a density of 1.0024 and 1.0024 g.cm-3. It has a density of 1.05 g.cm-3. The levitation height of microparticles, the final equilibrium position in the channel, and the lower The distance between the magnets is determined by measurement (Figure 5). Results: 200, 100 and with R2 values of 0.91, 0.95 and 0.96 for 50 mM Gd3+ concentrations, It demonstrated a linear relationship between levitation height and solution density. 25 Linear functions that measure the density of solutions are expressed as follows: respectively y = 3793x – 3092, y = 10799x - 10449 and y = 12686x - 12467. This In the equations, y represents the levitation of the microparticles relative to the underlying magnet, in µm. height, and x represents the density of the solution in g.cm-3. Gd3+ As the concentration of ions increases, the slope of the line decreases, which is why the density is 30. This expands the measurement range. Thus, with 50 mM Gd3+, the range is 1.011-1.089 g.cm-3. While obtained as [value], when a concentration of 100 mM is used, this range is 1.004-1.096 g.cm-3 is obtained. The widest density range is 200 mM, between 0.918-1.182 g / cm3. It is obtained in Gd3+. Solution density solubility determines the Gd3+ concentration. 13 By increasing the concentration from 50 mM to 200 mM, the magnitude can be adjusted from 7.88×10⁻⁵ to 2.6×10⁻⁴ g.cm⁻³μm⁻¹. Gd3+ linear function lines correspond to the microparticle used in these measurements. The incoming 1.05 g.cm-3 intersects. The time required for analysis, specific equilibrium. distance to levitation height, Gd3+ concentration, solution It depends on its viscosity and density. As the Gd3+ concentration increases, 5 The rate at which the levitation height specific to the solution density is reached decreases, thus reducing the analysis time. The time it takes for the particle to reach equilibrium is shortening. On average, it takes less than 5 minutes. It continues. FBS (fetal bovine serum) solutions using viscosity and density calibration. The viscosity of FBS was measured at 200, 100, and 50 mM Gd3+ concentrations. and 26 with 0.056 ± 0.078, 0.092 ± 0.199 and 0.415 ± 0.566% error at 50 mM Gd3+. Measured at °C. Also with 1.486 ± 1.035, 0.346 ± 0.549 and 0.002 ± 0.174% error. The viscosity of the FBS solution could be measured at 37°C. The density of FBS was measured using 50 mM Gd3+. It was outside the measurable range and was 0.008 ± 0.017 at 200 and 100 mM Gd3+, respectively. and it has been shown that it can be detected with an error of 0.005 ± 0.004%. 15 Industrial Applicability of the Invention The invention describes a lensless method for measuring the viscosity and density of liquids in a microcapillary channel. holographic microscope integrated magnetic levitation platform and the aforementioned It relates to the platform's operating method and is applicable to industry. 20 The invention is not limited to the above descriptions, and a person skilled in the field can easily make further discoveries. It can demonstrate different applications of the invention. These are the claims and demands of the invention. It should be evaluated within the scope of the protection granted. 30 14 REFERENCES [1] Delikoyun K;Yaman S;Yilmaz E;Sarigil O;Anil-Inevi M;Telli K;Yalcin-Ozuysal O;Ozcivici E;Tekin HC; (n.d.). Hologlev: A hybrid magnetic levitation platform integrated with Lensless holographic microscopy for density-based cell analysis. ACS sensors. https: / / pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov / 34124887 / 5 15 25
Claims
REQUESTS 1. A lensless holographic microscope has an integrated magnetic levitation platform. feature, For density measurement, two opposing lenses were used, one on top of the platform one is positioned in line with the other, and the other is positioned below it, forming like poles 5 horizontally facing each other for viscosity measurement. positioned in a line and designed to levitate microparticles at least two magnets used (3), at least one microcapillary channel containing the sample solution (4), at least one light source to illuminate the sample (6), 10 At least one needle to convert the light source into a point light source hole (8), located inside a microcapillary placed between opposing magnets ionic for levitation of microparticles in a solution sample a non-paramagnetic solution (5), 15 At least one image sensor to capture images of microparticles (7) It includes.
2. According to claim 1, it is a platform and its feature is that the mentioned magnet (3) neodymium The magnet is made of NdFeB and has dimensions of 2×5×50 mm. 20 3. A platform according to claim 1, its feature is; microcapillary channel (4), 1×1×50 mm, The pinhole (8) has dimensions of 50-200 µm.
4. It is a platform according to claim 1 and its feature is that the light source is (6) white LED light, the image sensor (7) is CMOS.
5. According to Claim 1, it is a platform whose characteristic is that the generic 25 of that platform It is made from polylactic acid (Generic PLA) material.
6. It is a platform according to Claim 1, and its characteristic is that the aforementioned paramagnetic solution (5) is that it contains Gd3+ (Gadolinium).
7. According to claim 3, it is a platform and its feature is that the aforementioned pinhole (8) is 150 It has a µm capacity. 30 8. A platform according to claim 4, whose characteristic is that the LED light in question has an infrared range of 395-530 nm. It is within the range. 16 9. A platform according to claim 6, whose characteristic is that the Gd3+ in question has a range of 50-200 mM. It is within the range.
10. An integrated magnetic levitation platform of a lensless holographic microscope. Its working method and characteristic is i. The spatial path of light through the pinhole (8) placed in front of the light source (6) 5 filtering, ii. For example, in a microcapillary channel placed next to a single magnet microparticles inside attach to the microcapillary channel wall alignment, iii. For viscosity measurements, two 10³ electrodes with the same poles facing each other horizontally. located in the microcapillary channel (4) placed between the magnet (3) For example, illuminating the image sensor (7), iv. The resulting hologram images are digitally displayed at intervals of 0.01-10 seconds. recording, v. Performing density measurements by rotating the platform 90° 15 between two magnets (3) whose same poles face each other vertically For example, the image sensor located in the microcapillary channel (4) that is placed (7) illumination in front of it, vi. The resulting hologram images are digitally generated at intervals of 0.01-10 seconds. recording, 20 vii. Digital reconstruction of recorded hologram images Determining the focal height of microparticles by structuring them, viii. Solution-specific microparticle levitation speed and height are measured. Measurement of viscosity and density properties It includes the steps of the process. 25 11. It is a method according to claim 10 and its feature is; (viii) mentioned in step 10. the density measurement step, microparticles added to the platform This involves the process of calculating the levitation height.
12. It is a method according to claim 10 and its feature is; (v) mentioned in step 10. The viscosity measurement step involves adding microparticles 30 to the platform. Calculating the levitation rate or equilibrium time process It includes the step. 17 13. It is a method according to claim 10, the characteristic of which is the theoretical measurement of density. This should be done according to Equation 2 or through platform-specific calibration. It is done using curves. 𝜌𝑚 = ∆𝜒 𝜇0 (B 𝜕𝐵𝑧 𝜕𝑥 +By 𝜕𝐵𝑧 𝜕𝑦 +By 𝜕𝐵𝑧 𝜕𝑧 ) d − 𝜌𝑝 Equation 2 5 14. It is a method according to claim 10, the characteristic of which is the theoretical measurement of viscosity. This can be done according to Equation 1 or platform-specific calibration curves. It is done with. 𝜂 = 4R2∆π 3𝜇0 (B 𝜕𝐵𝑥 𝜕𝑥 + By 𝜕𝐵𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝐵𝑧 𝜕𝐵𝑥 𝜕𝑧 ) 6f Equation 1 10 15. It is a method according to claim 10 and its characteristic is; (viii) in the process step microparticles with a density and size of 0.9-1.1 g.cm-3 and 1-150 micrometers. It is within the range.
16. It is a method according to Claim 11, and its characteristic is the levitation height in question. The calculation is done manually or using image analysis methods. 15 17. A method according to claim 13, characterized by having a viscosity lower than 1.5 cP. Measurement of solutions in 200, 100 and 50 mM Gadolinium at 37°C respectively "y = 112.6x - 90.67", "y = 143.7x - 91.19" and "y = 175x - 78.91" This involves the use of calibration curves.
18. It is a method according to claim 13, and its characteristic is that the calibration curve in question is 20 For 200, 100 and 50 mM Gadolinium, y = 3793x – 3092, y = The equation is 10799x - 10449 and y = 12686x – 12467.
19. It is a method according to claim 14, and its characteristic is that the calibration curve in question For 200, 100 and 50 mM Gadolinium, y=28.59e0.3482x and y=130.4e0.2245x, respectively. and y=208.4e0.2289x. 25 20. A method according to claim 14, characterized by having a viscosity lower than 1.5 cP. Measurement of solutions in 200, 100 and 50 mM Gadolinium at 26°C respectively "y = 66.57x - 43.94", "y = 135x + 2.296" and "y = 145.5x + 99.26" This involves the use of calibration curves. 18 21. A method according to claim 15, the characteristic of which is; the microparticle in question, 1.05 It is a polyethylene particle with a density of g cm-3 and a diameter of 15 µm.
22. It is a method according to Claim 16, and its characteristic is; image analysis as mentioned. methods such as segmentation, object recognition, machine learning, or deep learning. methods or motion analysis. 5 15 25