MULTI-COLOR NOZZLE SYSTEM WITH ULTRASONIC MIXER

Abstract

The invention relates to a system which, by virtue of an apparatus vibrating through electromechanical conversion, enables the homogeneous mixing and / or controlled mixing and / or heterogeneous separation of the colors and / or materials of filaments in a molten pool into a specific pattern.

Description

1 TARIFF ULTRASONIC MIXING MULTI-COLOR NOZZLE SYSTEM Technical Area The invention is based on material extrusion using an additive manufacturing method in its production process. 3D 5, which is based on the ability to bond filaments of different colors and / or materials. It relates to the heated nozzle of printers. The invention, in particular, uses a vibrating apparatus to convert molten metal through electromechanical conversion. the colors of the filaments and / or materials in the melt pool as shown homogeneous mixing and / or controlled mixing and / or heterogeneous mixing in specific ways. It relates to a system that enables separation in the pattern. 10 State of the Art Today, in FDM technology, 3D printing can be achieved using polymers or polymer-based materials. Matrix filament is used. This makes FDM printers more automated and increases processing speeds. In order to increase the output, filaments of different colors and materials are connected to the printer. Systems have been developed. Some areas of a print job can be printed differently by the user. The product can be made in various colors or printed on different materials. For example, when a user wants to print a parrot model, they can use multiple colors at once. It will be needed within the model. Filament manufacturers offer basic colors and some intermediate colors. It produces in various colors. Patterns with transitions between two colors are created using these solid colors. It is not possible to do so. And in such cases, creating intermediate colors requires 20 colors. Mixing the filaments is necessary to create a transition pattern between them. Similarly, when switching between two different types of composite filaments, the connection must be... A gradual transition is needed to achieve strength. For example, carbon fiber reinforced... composite PLA filament, PLA to normal PLA filament, and then to TPU flexible filament. A transition to filament may be desired. In this case, a transition form of 25 is necessary for strong connections. Proportional variations in mixtures are required. For printing in different colors, see existing uses such as KR102172801B1 In application number [number], different colored filaments are driven by different motors to form a single... Extrusion of filaments of different colors from a single extruder by pushing them through the extruder This system is not intended for mixing different colors or materials. 30 It aims to print different filaments from a single nozzle thanks to its multiple inlets. Different colors 2 It has different filaments and is fed into a single extruder. But Complete mixing of filaments pushed into a single nozzle tip without a mixing element. It is invisible. Mixing can be done inside the extruder without a mixing element. The system is scaled up by passing filaments through channels of different structures, and A melting pool needs to be added. 5 Current applications involve complex, difficult-to-produce systems for mixing colors. It is being attempted to use the mixing process in application number CN110509542A. To enable this, a long mixer is integrated into a nozzle. Into the melting pool This integrated system leads to an increase in the size of the extruder structure. The extruder Designing it on a larger scale increases the energy required for heating. Therefore, a larger size is needed. It requires a high-powered power supply. Such systems require both an initial investment. the cost per unit for both heating the raw materials used during operation The energy it consumes is high. Also, in the region where melting occurs, the material... The presence of a rotating element that enables mixing, bearing and the bearing it sits on This leads to leakage problems in the region. Homogeneous mixture 15 To be able to do this, a complex manufacturing process requires a difficult screw geometry, this screw or mixer. It requires extra elements to support the bearing. Also, due to the large size of the system... In FDM 3D printers where the nozzle is movable, the system may shake during operation. or it prevents rapid 3D printing. Or this large type To ensure the system into which the mixer will be integrated is more rigid, the other carrier 20 This leads to cost and material losses by causing the components to grow larger. Additional By mixing it with the screw in this way, the desired color is obtained during the color change. This results in a large amount of waste material being generated until it is processed. Color The filament feed rates change during the transitions, and the previous one is used to fully develop the new color. The molten filament must be completely drained. If the previous mixture in the melt pool is 25 If left unattended, color gradients will be seen in the print. In such systems, the molten material... Because there is only one screw pushing into the mixing chamber, there is also no problem in creating tonal differences. He will live. Similarly, document CN111572015A states that an external element is present in the mixing chamber. A screw mixer has been added. In invention number CN210706076U, a 30 The mixer blade system is integrated and the mixer blades are driven from outside the mixing chamber. It has been rotated by being given. This situation means that an external actuator is connected to the system along with the mixer. It requires integration. Problems described in the previous application (CN110509542A) 3 As with these patents, the growth of the system necessitates the need for additional elements for sealing. It has problems such as the energy consumption required to heat a very large volume. Application number CN207290914U mentions any mixer in the melt pool. It has not been used. In these systems, filaments of different colors do not mix homogeneously. Therefore, the intermediate colors that make up the produced part do not appear homogeneous. One color has 5 The colors of the filament, which is of different colors and is needed for its creation, do not mix well, and In the produced part, the color of each filament included in the mixture is visible separately. For example... The color orange is formed from a mixture of yellow and red, and it is red on the right and red on the left. when an orange structure is to be printed in a mixing setup fed with yellow The right side of the print will have a reddish appearance, while the left side will have a yellowish tint. 10 The problem of the filament coming out of the nozzle in a double color is called the toothpaste effect. It is stated that the toothpaste effect occurs when two or more colors pass through the nozzle tip without mixing. This refers to the process of ensuring the color appearance of the part is homogeneous. When desired, the effect of toothpaste becomes an undesirable situation. Some In some cases, the toothpaste effect may be desired for an aesthetically pleasing look. 15 with multiple ingredient inputs. and teeth in extruders that mix without a single-material outlet mixer A paste-like effect is visible. Examples related to the topic are given below: (https: / / somei3deas.wordpress.com / 2017 / 01 / 28 / the-stripey-toothpaste-effect-of-the- diamond-hot-end / ) 20 (https: / / www.dummies.com / article / technology / programming-web-design / 3d- printing / multicolor-3d-print-methods-244617 / ). The aforementioned toothpaste effect is used in creating intermediate colors and in this type of color mixing. This is the biggest obstacle in the desired FDM print heads. CN109703022A number. In the application, the molten filament is circulated in different ways, directly to the nozzle opening 25 It is expected that pushing and mixing will occur spontaneously. However, in these structures, the teeth... A structure known as the paste effect is encountered, resulting in a homogeneous color appearance. This is not possible. Even if a complete mixture can be obtained, the mixing system expands and needs to be heated. As the printing area increases, the printer's energy consumption increases. Vibration also increases with the nozzle size. Problems occur. Print quality and speed decrease, the system grows larger and more cumbersome. This 30 For the colors to become homogenous in the systems, the solution must remain in the system for a certain period of time. Structures are enlarged to accommodate movement. This results in a high demand for thermal energy. 4 This increases the temperature and leads to energy consumption. Also, the large size of the heated section increases the temperature. This leads to measurement difficulties and makes even heating more difficult. Patent number CN206536852U describes a vibrating device to solve the interference problem. A mixer is recommended. This mixer is external and is not used directly as a nozzle. This In the mixer, the ultrasonic vibrator system is located outside the main unit and consists of a connecting rod and a 5 It requires ultrasonic vibrating rods. The mixing chamber of the ultrasonic vibrator The fact that it doesn't make direct contact and is located outside the heating block makes the system larger and more efficient. The components require vibration bars and large sealing elements, etc. Also, because it is an external structure, it is already subject to printing temperature during printing. Heating the filament (to 180-220°C) in a preliminary process leads to energy consumption. 10 In conclusion, due to the negative aspects described above and the current solutions being the subject of discussion... Due to its shortcomings, an improvement is needed in the relevant technical field. It has been made. The purpose of the invention The invention was created by drawing inspiration from existing situations and addressing the aforementioned drawbacks. 15 It aims to solve the problem. The main purpose of the invention is to enable multiple different devices to perform 3D printing using the FDM method. the homogeneous mixing of material and / or colored filament in a single extruder a non-external system that provides a solution integrated into the molten pool. The goal is to develop an integrated mixing and / or separating system. 20 Another purpose of the invention is to generate vibrations by performing an electrical-mechanical conversion. Thanks to this vibration, the liquid fills the heated chamber and melts there, forming different colors. filaments or filaments of different materials can form a specific pattern under the influence of vibration. The goal is to create a system that allows them to mix in this way. Electro-mechanical converter It achieves the mixture by exposing the molten filaments to cymatic effects or a specific 25 It allows them to exit the nozzle tip without mixing in the pattern. Thanks to the Cymatic effect. It also ensures that the mixture is homogeneous or remains heterogeneous. Cymatic's effect is like water. In fluid structures, vibration creates various waveforms within the fluid, and these The waveforms interfere with each other, creating different geometric patterns. It is a phenomenon that reveals (https: / / bilimselbilim.com / 2023 / 08 / 30 / siyamatik-gorunmez-30) voice-of-the-worlds / ). Another objective of the invention is to create concentric structures or structures to the right or left of them, thanks to the cymatic effect. on the left different concentric, i.e., multi-axial structures or complete mixture or various having geometric shapes such as hexagon, decagon, star, or rectangular or circular The goal is to offer a system capable of creating many different mixture combinations. Electrical-mechanical. electrostrictive, magnetostrictive, electrostatic, electromagnetic and piezoelectric 5 for conversion (volume change due to the change in crystal structure caused by the application of electricity) Materials or systems capable of (making) mixing can be used. Vibrations can be applied at frequencies to which the melt is sensitive. Vibration amplitudes and Frequencies can be made variable. Variable frequencies have a specific combination. It is possible. This system, like other systems with a mixer in the solution pool, requires an external 10 It does not require a rotating mixer. It also does not require an external motor system. Another purpose of the invention is to achieve a homogeneous mixture thanks to its integrated mixer. The goal is to create a system that blocks the effect of toothpaste in these situations. (Solution) Because it mixes the water using vibrations within the pool, it creates very rapid color changes. This allows the system to be compact and small. Mixing in existing systems takes 15 minutes. Large areas and roads are needed for this. Large volumes, melting point It would require a lot of energy to heat it that much. In this invention, the area to be heated is small. This also brings about energy savings. Our invention, whether rotating or self-contained, Because there are no other vibrating elements, it does not require serious sealing elements. This mixer, which can create cymatic effects when a heterogeneous mixture is desired, has a specific 20 in the pattern and / or in different interference patterns and / or coaxial and / or It also enables the creation of multiaxial structures. To achieve the purposes described above, the invention involves the use of molten material. the homogeneity of the colors and / or materials of the filaments in the pool mixing and / or controlled mixing and / or heterogeneous mixing in a specific pattern 25 It is the system that enables separation. Accordingly, the system;  A heated block, which is a heat transfer medium for melting the aforementioned filaments,  melting pool where the filaments are melted and the mixing process is carried out,  A channel that allows the filaments to pass through the heated block into the melting pool.  30 that enables the mixing of molten filaments and can vibrate at the desired frequency electromechanical converter  melted material on the cable sections of the aforementioned electromechanical converter at least one separating element that prevents the material from escaping, 6  A device that allows the molten filament to exit, either separate from or integrated with the heated block. output end that may be present in the structure,  allowing the passage of the cables of the aforementioned electromechanical converter, The mounting space can be characterized as insulated or uninsulated.  Controlling the 3D printing process by collecting data such as temperature, color, etc. 5 the sensor that enables it,  A heater that enables the filaments to melt.  located on the outside of the aforementioned heating block, the parts of the heating block and Connector that allows the heated block to be connected to other printer components. Assembly area 10 containing the components It includes. The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention are given in the figures below. This becomes clearer thanks to the detailed explanation written with references to these figures. This will be understood as such, and therefore the evaluation will also be based on these forms and detailed explanations. 15 This should be done taking that into consideration. Ways to Help Understand the Discovery Figure 1 shows an image of the system that is the subject of the invention. Explanation of Part References 1. Filament 20 2. Heated block Channel 3 4. Melting pool 5. Electromechanical converter 6. Separating element 25 7. Output end 8. Mounting clearance 7 9. Sensor 10. Heater 11. Assembly area Detailed Description of Find In this detailed explanation, the preferred configurations of the system in question are just 5. This is explained to facilitate a better understanding of the subject. The invention relates to the colors and / or of filaments (1) that are in a molten pool. homogeneous mixing of materials and / or controlled mixing and / or heterogeneous It is a system that enables separation in a specific pattern. The invention is shown in Figure 1. The system's visual representation is given. Accordingly, the system consists of 10 of the aforementioned filaments. The heated block (2), which is a heat carrier medium for melting, where the filaments (1) are melted and The melting pool (4) where the mixing process is carried out, melting of the filaments (1) Channel (3) which allows passage through the heated block (2) into the pool (4), molten electromechanical that enables the mixing of filaments (1) and can vibrate at the desired frequency converter (5), cable parts of the mentioned electromechanical converter (5) 15 at least one separating element (6) that prevents molten material from going away, molten The filament (1) can be removed and the heated block (2) can be separate or integrated. possible output end (7), cables of the mentioned electromechanical converter (5) an assembly that allows passage, which can be characterized as insulated or uninsulated. gap (8), control of 3D printing process by taking temperature data 20 The sensor (9) that enables the melting process of the filaments (1) The heater (10) is located on the outside of the mentioned heater block (2), (2) parts and the heated block (2) can be connected to other printer parts It includes the mounting area (11) which contains the connecting devices. In a preferred application of the invention, the heated block (2) and the melting pool (4) are circular. prisms, square prisms, cones, truncated cones, or truncated circles, etc., have different geometries. it could be. In a preferred application of the invention, the melting pool (4) is placed on the surface of the heated block (2). It may be opened. And the melting point is 30 with any part assembled with the assembly area (11). The pool (4) can be closed. In this case, the electromechanical system in the melting pool 8 converter (5), separating element and / or elements (6), mounting space (8) and channel (3); in contact with the element mounted on the heating block (2) with the mounting areas (11) It can be found. In a preferred application of the invention, the electromechanical converter (5) is electrostrictive, magnetostrictive, electrostatic, electromagnet, piezoelectric, ultrasonic transducer, 5 These can be electromagnetic transducer devices. They can come in the form of discs, plates, cylinders, etc. It can have an external drive component, or it can operate simply by supplying electricity without one. It can operate inside the melting pool (4). The electromechanical converter (5) melting The filament (1) material entering the pool (4) can be vibrated at its natural frequency or It can vibrate at a specific frequency where fluidity properties are enhanced and / or different mixtures 10 A range of different frequencies that include different combinations of vibrations capable of applying various shapes. It can vibrate in a pattern. And / or it can vibrate according to the data coming from the sensor (9) at this frequency. Or it can prevent the mixture from forming. It may or may not have a controller and remain constant. It can operate with a fixed frequency; if it operates with a fixed frequency, it can only use a single mix pattern or a single type. It can form mixtures (homogeneous, heterogeneous, or with interfering patterns). 15 In a preferred application of the invention, the outlet end (7) melts with the heated block (2). It can be assembled in two parts to cover the pool (4). Outlet end (7), The heated block (2) can be combined. In this case, the mounting space (8) is electromechanical. It can be made wide enough for the converter (5) to pass through. In a preferred application of the invention, the sensor (9) can be located on the heating block 20 It can also be found outside the entire system, for example. In a preferred application of the invention, the assembly areas (11) of each heated block (2) It may be in place. Around the tooth or melting pool (4) opened around the entire block. or it may have teeth drilled into it. The system works on the following principle: 25 With an external feeding mechanism, filament (and / or filaments) (1) is fed into the heated block (2) It is fed. The function of the heating block (2) is to feed the heat produced by the heater (10) inside it. The aim is to ensure that the filaments (1) melt in the melting pool (4). Filament (1) with an insulated or uninsulated channel (3) opened specifically for it inside the heated block It reaches the melting pool (4). 30 9 The melting pool (4) contains at least one electromechanical converter (5). Molten to prevent material from leaking out of the assembly gap (8) and / or electromechanical In order to make the converter work comfortably by creating (5) stages separating element between electromechanical converter (5) and heated block (2) and / or elements (6) are found. The electromechanical converter (5) is at the desired frequency and power. It is a vibrating element and a cable that transmits electricity to the outside. It has no parts other than the controller. The filaments (1) are controlled individually. molten material in different or equal proportions is poured into the melting pool (4). The materials that arrive at the melting pool (4) in certain proportions are electromechanically processed. It is mixed thanks to the vibrations created by the converter (5). Thus 10 A homogeneous mixture containing different materials in the desired proportions is obtained. This electromechanical converter (5) if the mixture is heterogeneous, semi-mixed or partial Whether the components are desired to be present together as a homogeneous mixture or separately, then... Cymatic conditions the mixture with its effects, the inner and outer parts are differently concentric or to the right, The left and the inside can form different patterns, such as different or multi-axial. If different colors 15 If filament (1) is used, intermediate colors can be created or a specific pattern can be formed. It allows the colors to spread. Electromechanical transducer (5) at the desired ratio. With the help of homogeneously mixed molten materials, filaments (1) are inserted into the With its continuation, it exits from the exit end (7). The invention is used in additive manufacturing systems that can be integrated. Additive manufacturing 20 Mounting area opened on the surfaces of the heated block (2) so that it can be integrated into the system or areas (11) are available. These mounting areas (11) also have heaters (10) and The sensor (9) is fixed to the heated block (2). The sensor and / or sensors (9) measure temperature, color, etc. such as stabilizing the melting pool (4) and controlling the heater (10) and can collect data to ensure stable material flow from the outlet (7). 25

Claims

REQUESTS 1. The colors of the filaments (1) that are in the melt pool in molten form and / or homogeneous mixing of materials and / or controlled mixing and / or It is a system that enables heterogeneous separation in a specific pattern, and its characteristic is;  Heated block (2), which is a heat carrier for melting the aforementioned filaments, 5  melting where the filaments (1) are melted and the mixing process is carried out pool (4),  Passage of the filaments (1) through the heated block (2) into the melting pool (4) channel providing (3),  10 which enables the mixing of molten filaments (1) and can vibrate at the desired frequency electromechanical converter (5),  melted into the cable parts of the mentioned electromechanical converter (5) at least one separating element that prevents the material from going (6),  The heated block (2) separates or allows the molten filament (1) to come out. Output end which can be integrated (7), 15  allowing passage of the cables of the mentioned electromechanical converter (5) the mounting gap which can be characterized as insulated or uninsulated (8),  Monitoring the 3D printing process by collecting temperature data sensor (9),  Heater (10) which enables the melting process of the filaments (1), 20  located on the outside of the mentioned heating block (2), heating block (2) the parts and the heated block (2) can be connected to other printer parts Mounting area containing connecting devices (11) It includes.

2. The system is compliant with Claim-1 and its features are; heated block (2) and melting pool (4) circular prism, square prism, cone, truncated cone or truncated circle, etc. are different types. It has geometries.

3. The system is compliant with Claim-1 and its feature is; the melting pool (4) and the heated block (2) It is the fact that it is open to the surface. 30 4. It is a system that complies with Request-1 and its feature is that it is mounted with the mounting area (11). The melting pool (4) can be closed off with any part. 11 5. The system complies with Claim-4, and its characteristic is that it is electromechanical in the melting pool. converter (5) separating element and / or elements (6), mounting space (8) and mounted on the mounting areas (11) of the channel (3) and the heater block (2) It is the act of being in contact with the element.

6. The system is compliant with Claim-1 and its feature is; electromechanical converter (5) 5 electrostrictive, magnetostrictive, electrostatic, electromagnet, piezoelectric, Ultrasonic transducers are electromagnetic transducer devices.

7. It is a system that complies with Request-1 and its feature is; the disk of the electromechanical converter (5), They can be in the form of plates, cylinders, etc.

8. The system is compliant with Claim-1 and its feature is; electromechanical converter (5) 10 It has an external actuator part.

9. The system is compliant with Claim-1 and its features are: electromechanical converter (5), melting The filament (1) entering the pool (4) can be vibrated at the natural frequency of the material. or it can vibrate at a specific frequency where fluidity properties are enhanced and / or different a series of 15 different vibration combinations that can apply various mixing shapes It is able to vibrate at different frequency ranges.

10. The system is compliant with Claim-1 and its feature is; electromagnetic converter (5) It can vibrate according to the data coming from the sensor (9).

11. The system complies with Claim-1, and its characteristic is the vibration of the electromagnetic transducer. It includes a controller that allows the frequency to be adjusted. 20 12. The system is compliant with Request-1 and its feature is that the output end (7) is connected to the heated block (2). It is in two parts assembled to include the melting pool (4).

13. The system is compliant with Request-1 and its feature is that the output end (7) is connected to the heated block (2). It is the combination of two.

14. It is a system that complies with Claim-13, and its feature is; the mounting space (8), electromechanical 25 It is a structure wide enough for the converter (5) to pass through.

15. The system is compliant with Claim-1 and its feature is that the mentioned sensor (9) has a heated block (2) It is located on or outside of the entire system. 12 16. The system is compliant with Claim-1 and its feature is that the mentioned assembly areas (11) are heated. It can be positioned anywhere in the block (2).

17. The system is compliant with Claim-1 and its feature is that the mentioned sensor (9) temperature or It has a color sensor.

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