EARTHQUAKE MONITORING SYSTEM USING SMART SENSOR TECHNOLOGY

Abstract

The invention concerns a seismic monitoring system (DEPAR) that utilizes intelligent sensor technology to detect pre-earthquake, during-earthquake, and post-earthquake conditions and building status in search and rescue operations during and immediately after an earthquake, using its integrated devices, equipment, and software. The system utilizes building-type devices (BTC) placed on the column closest to the building's center of mass, coordinator-type devices (KTC) placed on the top floor or roof of the building, a central unit (MÜ) receiving data from these devices, and debris communication devices (EHC) enabling remote communication with devices trapped under rubble in the event of an earthquake.

Description

1 TARIFF EARTHQUAKE MONITORING SYSTEM USING SMART SENSOR TECHNOLOGY Technical Area The invention, with its integrated devices, equipment, and software, can withstand earthquakes during and immediately after the event. using search and rescue operations before, during and after an earthquake. Smart sensor technology that enables the detection of incidents and the condition of the building. This is related to the earthquake monitoring system (DEPAR) used. Building damage after the earthquake. Voice communication between earthquake victims trapped under the rubble and search and rescue workers. It offers the opportunity and contributes to the detection of survivors under the rubble. Building mass 10 inside the buildings Building type devices (BTC) will be placed on the column closest to the center, or on the top floor of the building. coordinator-type devices (CTC) to be placed on the roof, and the center that receives the data sent by these devices. the unit (MU) is the equipment that would be trapped under the rubble in the aftermath of a possible earthquake. This includes wreckage communication devices (EHCs) that provide remote communication. State of the Art Today, due to the rapid increase in population in city centers, the existing spaces in city centers are becoming increasingly crowded. It is known that 90% of buildings consist of reinforced concrete structures. (Earthquake report published in 1998) 15 million medium-rise (3-8 story) buildings that are estimated to have been built before the regulation came into effect. They are mostly considered to be the product of poor engineering. This term "poor engineering" refers to bad 20 Due to poor materials, poor design, and poor construction, earthquake safety is often inadequate. This indicates that the worst behavior during the earthquake occurred in the structures located in this segment, and therefore... It is known that the most severe damage and the greatest loss of life and property occur in these structures. The extent of the damage that may occur after an earthquake should be assessed quickly, and initial response should be carried out immediately. Rapid deployment of rescue teams is needed. Assistance from local and central governments is required. 25 Making this call would be the first step that could save many lives. Within minutes of a devastating earthquake, the Disaster Management and Decision Support System (AYDES) In a situation where structures deemed to have collapsed are marked on Geographic Information Systems, a decision is made. Transmitter mechanisms will enable the creation of a rapid and accurate intervention plan and the organization of rescue operations. This will be possible. Within the borders of Türkiye, services related to disasters, emergencies and civil defense will be available for 30 days. All of these are managed by the Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (AFAD). Therefore, incidents occurring throughout the country... AFAD organizes all rescue operations for the earthquakes that occur. 2 AYDES, used by [the relevant authority], is built on Geographic Information Systems and is used in all disaster and emergency situations. a web-based system capable of effectively managing resources and equipped with decision support mechanisms It is an application. The recent earthquakes we have experienced show that more effective and faster information gathering is needed. It is necessary to know the magnitude of the earthquake, which region it caused the most destruction in, and even which streets and... Predicting that damage has occurred to the structure could prevent many casualties. 5 Determining whether there are any survivors in a building that collapsed during an earthquake is another problem. This creates problems. The limited number of external sensing devices means that professionals in the training field... The necessity of using it and the time lost in management and administration are the main problems that arise. This is the biggest development seen in search and rescue and response efforts following the February 6th earthquakes. The challenge is: how many buildings were destroyed in which region, and from which of the destroyed buildings were survivors rescued? It has been reported that a signal was received. Rescue teams reached the structure that collapsed after the devastating earthquakes. One of the biggest challenges for the teams is determining whether there are any survivors in the collapsed building. This is due to the fact that the equipment used in rescue operations is expensive, and the operator who will use it is not skilled. the need for training and the insufficient number of measuring devices at the time of the massive destruction Therefore, rescue efforts are not progressing at the desired pace. 15 The document numbered KR20180061091A, seen in the known state of the art, is "Earthquake Detection". It is a "System of Building Using Sensor". It is a building's earthquake detection and notification system. This document describes a building's earthquake detection and notification system. It includes an earthquake detection sensor unit placed within its frame. This unit is placed in at least one area of ​​the building. It includes a guide light display unit. 20 meters of light are placed in an area adjacent to the light display unit. It includes an escape route viewing unit installed in at least one area of ​​the building. To obtain an earthquake coefficient value detected by a specific event in the earthquake detection sensor unit. Adjusting the notification level of a specific event based on the earthquake coefficient value and the determined notification level. Depending on the level, from the escape route display unit, the guidance light display unit, and the warning. It includes a control unit for step-by-step control of at least one of the audio output units. This 25 The earthquake detection and notification system is provided by controlling each component in the document. Building It does not contribute to determining its condition or detecting its vitality. The document numbered CN210199553U seen in the current technology is "Earthquake Emergency Rescue Disaster". It is an "Information Acquisition Terminal". Earthquake emergency rescue disaster information collection terminal. It explains. The system includes a remote control terminal and a sensing terminal. Remote 30 The control terminal is equipped with a screen, the lower part of the sensing terminal is a track-type walking device. It is connected via a mechanism and the sensing vehicle has an internal GSM network communication module. It includes a video to obtain information about the interior of a building destroyed by an earthquake. It depicts a structure carrying image acquisition equipment that is sent under the rubble. 3 The document numbered JPH05325079A seen in the previous article is "Earthquake Monitor Terminal Equipment". This is the case. Earthquake reports from regions with high earthquake intensity are prioritized. The aim was to provide earthquake monitoring terminal equipment that transmits information to the monitoring center. The foreseen... accelerometers placed at their locations and emit detection signals the moment an earthquake occurs. It generates an earthquake report based on the detection signals from the accelerometers. This 5 It includes communication equipment that transmits the report to a monitoring center via a communication line. A CPU in an earthquake monitoring terminal equipment installed in the building processes the detection signals. an arithmetic tool that calculates the intensity of an earthquake based on data, and communication of the earthquake report. with a timer that delays the transmission from the equipment according to the calculated intensity of the earthquake It is equipped. There are more than 10 places here to conduct a study in the region that suffered the most damage from the earthquake. The earthquake reports that could be obtained and reached the monitoring center indicated the highest intensity of the earthquake. The area in question has been identified. An additional measure is taken for building condition assessment or activity assessment. Equipment not included. In the detection systems seen in the known state of the art, direct determination of the building condition is possible. including earthquake data from sensors before, during and after the earthquake 15 collecting and storing this information from collapsed buildings using multiple modules / devices that communicate with each other. a system that allows for the identification of structurally sound buildings or buildings that have been damaged in some way. There is no system in place. However, there are life detection systems, but they are not integrated into the building. any system that enables direct voice communication through structures / devices No such encounters have been reported. 20 Purpose of the Invention The purpose of the invention is to utilize the devices and equipment it contains during and immediately after an earthquake. Using the software in search and rescue operations, before, during and after an earthquake. Smart 25 that records subsequent events and enables building condition assessment. The goal is to provide an earthquake monitoring system (DEPAR) that utilizes sensor technology. The invention's primary purpose is to obtain information from the building before, during, and after an earthquake, and to detect collapses. The goal is to provide support to search and rescue teams working to find those trapped underneath. The purpose of the invention is to monitor the current condition of structures until an earthquake occurs and to provide real-time information. It is possible to observe acceleration and angular changes, including minor tremors, in real time. 30 The invention aims to instantly trigger an alarm when a tremor exceeds a pre-entered threshold data limit. alarm data within the infrastructure capabilities allowed by the AYDES software. It is the ability to translate. 4 The purpose of the invention is to determine the magnitude and intensity of destruction caused by an earthquake, the number of people affected, and the potential consequences. The goal is to obtain data on the number of disaster victims and, most importantly, which buildings have been destroyed. The invention aims to provide rescue capabilities based on the magnitude, intensity, and focus of the earthquake after its destruction. ensuring that the team and logistics shipments can be planned in the best, most efficient way and in the shortest time. It is about providing support. 5 The purpose of the invention is to enable search and rescue teams to identify which rubble is most likely to collapse based on data they have previously collected at the scene. The number of people who can be rescued alive or injured can be determined by the voice information they provide. is to ensure. The aim of the invention is to provide a reliable monitoring platform that shows what is happening in real time during an earthquake. 10 The goal is to make the determination. The aim of the invention is to reach living beings potentially trapped under rubble after an earthquake using sound, as they are very vulnerable. Even if it's just a few, picking up and evaluating their voices can provide rescue teams with direct information on the number of survivors and their precise locations. to be able to give. The aim of the invention is to effectively organize existing rescue personnel after an earthquake, 15 They are able to respond to the rubble quickly and efficiently. The purpose of the invention is to determine which buildings collapse after an earthquake and to identify the extent of this destruction in the city or region. The goal is to determine the exact location of the concentration within minutes. The purpose of the invention is to create a building type that will be placed on the column closest to the center of mass of the building inside the building. devices (BTC), coordinator-type devices (KTC) to be placed on the top floor or roof of the building, these 20 The central unit (CU) that receives data sent by the devices, in the event of a possible earthquake. debris communication devices that enable remote communication with devices buried under the rubble in the ruins The goal is to provide an earthquake monitoring system (DEPAR) that uses smart sensor technology incorporating (EHC). The purpose of the invention is to integrate smart sensor technology into the earthquake monitoring system (DEPAR). 25 The purpose of the invention is to ensure that the buildings in which it is installed are protected during and immediately after an earthquake. By collecting the data received from the devices in the central unit, the Disaster Management and Decision-Making system will be integrated. This involves entering data into the Support System (AYDES). The aim of the invention is to minimize the impact of mixed material piles under the rubble and environmental factors. readily available from manufacturers on the market, sufficient bandwidth for audio transmission, and less power consumption (30). The reason for enabling longer-distance communication is that communication is provided at 433 MHz. Explanation of Invention Forms Figure 1a – View of BTC placed on the column closest to the building's center of mass within the floor. Figure 1b – Placement of BTC and KTC on Different Floors and in the Same Vertical Cross-Section within the Building And the view of the external antenna. Figure – 2a BTC External Body View 5 Figure 2b – BTC Circuit Structure, Front Cross-Section, View of Circuit Components Inside the Enclosure. Figure 2c - Front Cross-Section and Side View of BTC Circuit Component Positioning Figure 3 - Programming Interface Showing Data Received Wirelessly from Accelerometer and Angle Sensors Figure 4a - KTC Exterior Hull View Figure – 4b KTC Circuit Structure Front Cross-Section View of Circuit Components Inside the Enclosure 10 Figure 4c - Front and Side Section View of KTC Circuit Component Positioning Figure 5 - Front, Side and Top Sectional View of the Interior Housing Figure 6 - Side View of the Interior Casing Figure 7 - Front Cross-Sectional View of EHC Circuit Component Positioning Reference Numbers: 1. Building Type Device 1.1. Microcontroller 1.2. Bluetooth Module 1.3. Internal Memory 20 1.4. Circuit Components 1.5. Circuit Board 1.6. Battery Management Module 1.7. External Power Input 1.8. Battery 25 1.9. Battery Compartment 1.10. Speaker 1.11. Microphone 1.12. RF Communication Module 1.13. Internal Antenna 30 6 1.14. Accelerometer and Angle Sensor 2. Coordinator Type Device 2.1. Microcontroller 2.2. Bluetooth Module 2.3. Internal Memory 5 2.4. Circuit Components 2.5. Circuit board 2.6. Battery Management Module 2.7. External Power Input 2.8. Battery 10 2.9. Battery Compartment 2.10. Speaker 2.11. Microphone 2.12. RF Communication Module 2.13. Internal Antenna 15 2.14. Accelerometer and Angle Sensor 2.15. High-Power RF Communication Module 2.16. Central Unit Internal Antenna 2.17. Central Unit External Antenna 3. Outer Casing 20 3.1. Silicon Coated Circuit Block 3.2. Iron Bar 3.3. Mounting Edge 3.4. Mounting Hole 4. Debris Communication Device 25 4.1. Microcontroller 4.2. Bluetooth Module 4.3. Internal Memory 4.4. Circuit Components 4.5. Circuit Board 30 4.6. Battery 4.7. Battery Compartment 4.8. Speaker 4.9. Microphone 7 4.10. RF Communication Module 4.11. Internal Antenna 4.12. Touchscreen LCD Display 4.13. Charging & AUX Module Detailed Description of the Invention The earthquake monitoring system (DEPAR), which uses smart sensor technology, detects earthquakes during and immediately after an earthquake. subsequently, using the devices, equipment and software it possesses, it conducts search and rescue operations. It ensures the efficient use of available resources in its activities. In addition Earthquake victims and search and rescue teams trapped under the rubble of buildings destroyed after the earthquake. By enabling voice communication among rescue workers, it will contribute to detecting signs of life under the rubble. The aim is to create an inlaid structure on the column closest to the building's center of mass inside the building. Building type devices to be installed (1) (BTC), coordinator to be placed on the top floor or roof of the building It includes type devices (2) (KTC). Central unit (CU) that receives the data sent by these devices (1,2) There are 15 devices that could be found under the rubble in the aftermath of a possible earthquake. The invention includes debris communication devices (4) (EHC) that provide remote communication. All devices within the facility (1,2) are continuously active before, during and after the earthquake. DEPAR operates as follows: During and immediately after an earthquake, in the buildings where it is located... By collecting the data it receives from the devices (1,2) in the central unit, the Disaster Management and integration will be carried out. It provides data entry in the Decision Support System (AYDES). 20 In cities, the majority of residential and commercial buildings are medium-rise buildings. Therefore, this group of buildings is primarily responsible for the great loss of life seen in earthquakes. Therefore, this is the building group that should be prioritized for assessment after an earthquake. Multi-story (>10-12 (floor) As a result of the necessary care being taken in the design and construction of the buildings, They stated that they have a fairly adequate level of earthquake safety and that generally, during an earthquake, very large 25 They did not create problems, and the earthquake effect on low-rise (1-3) buildings was not as significant as on other buildings. Considering this, the main building group requested to be monitored within the scope of the project is the Turkish Building Earthquake. The regulation from 2019 defines Building Height Class (BYS) as 5 and lower structures. The working method of the earthquake monitoring system proposed in our invention is as follows: The following 30 load-bearing vertical structural elements of the reinforced concrete building, which is included in the target building group, must be applied: Building type devices (1) (BTC) and a number to be determined by methods and all located on the same plane A coordinator type device (2) (KTC) is placed on the top floor / roof. During an earthquake According to the offset values ​​that the sensors will detect, the coordinator type device (2) 8 If the value is higher than the programmed value, it is assessed that the structure may have collapsed and the central unit (CU) is notified. This information is being transmitted. The central unit will forward this information to the authorities / decision-making bodies (AFAD-AYDES, (security, fire department, etc.) ensures that data is transmitted. After an earthquake, data cannot be obtained from the devices and It is considered that the structure, which was thought to be non-functional, may also have collapsed. Within the scope of the invention, production and among the devices tested were building type device (1) and coordinator type device (2), debris communication device 5 (4) There are three types. Mixed material piles under the rubble, less environmental factors impact, easy availability from manufacturers in the market, abundance of economical compact products, sound sufficient bandwidth for transmission, enabling longer-distance communication with less power. Therefore, communication at 433 MHz has been preferred. Furthermore, the 433 MHz band is the industrial band of the ISM band. The fact that it is permitted for use is also a reason for preference. Building type device (1), coordinator type device (2) and 10 The debris communication device (4) consists of specific components. The building type device (1) has the following structure: Controlling all sensors (1.14) and other electronic components located inside the building type device (1) It is a microcontroller (1.1). On its surface, to mount electronic circuit components (1.4). It has a circuit board (1.5) containing conductive paths and islands. During the impact, the circuit function is 15 flexible cables to keep it going and minimize possible damage to the circuit board (1.5) It has a silicon-coated circuit block (3.1) connecting the two. The building type device (1) is for indoor mounting. Wireless 433 MHz RF communication that enables communication with other devices (2,4) within the post-structure It has modules (1.12) and Bluetooth modules (1.2). It can detect life under the rubble. It has highly sensitive temperature and vibration sensors. 20 The building type device (1) enables the collection of data before, during and after the earthquake. Accelerometers are devices that can detect acceleration, angular, and positional changes originating from the axes relative to the x,y,z coordinates. and angle sensor (1.14). Acceleration, angular and positional signals coming from the axes according to the x,y,z coordinates. It has an internal memory (1.3) where it can save changes. Communication with the data stored in the internal memory. It has a USB port which provides power. The building type device (1) has a power outage in the building 25 It has an internal battery (1.8) to enable it to continue operating in this situation. Its battery (1.8) It has a battery management module (1.6) which enables it to work reliably for a long time. It includes a battery compartment (1.9) in which the battery (1.8) is located. The building type device (1) has a robust layered outer casing (3) so that it can operate when it is trapped under rubble. The outer casing (3) is made of a water and fire resistant material. When it is under rubble, 30 In order to work, the oval structure of the outer casing (3) increases the durability of the RF communication interruption. The iron bar (3.2) has a metal cage structure that does not cause damage. During the demolition of the structure silicon coated circuit block that protects the circuit board (1.5) to absorb the shocks to which the device is subjected It has the structure (3.1). 9 The building type device (1) has a front, back, or rear on the device (1) that enables it to detect sounds from the outside environment. Multiple high-sensitivity waterproof microphones below, above, to the right and to the left (1.11) It has receivers. However, the device is powerful, waterproof, and capable of transmitting sound to the outside environment (1) It has multiple speakers (1.10) in front, behind, below, above, to the right and to the left. Building type device (1) power outage in buildings due to earthquake / disaster caused by tremors 5 In this case, it is possible for the ambient lighting feature to operate for a specified period of time. Thus... It can be helpful in emergency situations. If there is electricity in the building where the building type device is installed (1) It has an external power input (1.7) to prevent the battery (1.8) from being depleted. Building It has an external power input (1.7) which enables it to receive power from electricity. With coordinator type devices (2) It also includes an internal antenna that enables communication. 10 The coordinator type device (2) has the following structure: Controls all sensors (2.14) and other electronic components located inside the coordinator type device (2). It is a microcontroller (2.1). On its surface, to mount electronic circuit components (2.4). It includes a circuit board (2.5) containing conductive paths and islands. The circuit remains operational during impact. Flexible cables 15 in order to maintain and minimize possible damage to the circuit board (2.5). It includes a silicon-coated circuit block (3.1) that connects to it. After structural assembly, the structure contains other wireless 433 MHz RF communication modules (2.12, 2.15) that enable communication with devices and It has Bluetooth modules (2.2). After building assembly, it is connected to the disaster management unit within the building. The communication is provided by a high-power 433 MHz RF communication module (2.15). High-power It has a connection for an external antenna (2.17) that can be connected from the RF communication module (2.15). With this, 20 together with one internal antenna (2.13) and one central unit internal antenna (2.16) It includes antennas (2.13, 2.16, 2.17). Details are given in Figure 4a, Figure 4b and Figure 4c. Acceleration, angular and positional values ​​from the axes according to the x,y,z coordinates of the coordinator type device (2) It has an accelerometer and angle sensor (2.14) that can detect changes. It takes the information from this, namely x,y,z It has 25 internal modules that can record acceleration, angular and position changes from the axes according to their coordinates. It has memory (2.3). High sensitivity temperature for detecting life under the rubble, It has vibration sensors. USB enables communication with the data stored in the internal memory (2.3). It has a port. In case of a power outage in the building, the operation of the device (2) will continue. The internal battery (2.8) enables it to function. The long-lasting healthy battery (2.8) The battery management module (2.6) enables it to work. 30 batteries are placed inside the battery (2.6). It includes a battery compartment (2.9) where it is located. It is an external device that allows it to receive power from the building's electricity. It has a power input (2.7). The device (2) has multiple high-sensitivity water sensors that enable it to detect sounds from the outside environment. It has robust microphone (2.11) receivers. Multiple powerful, water-resistant receivers capable of transmitting sound to the outside environment. It has a speaker (2.10). In order for the coordinator type device (2) to work when it is under rubble, it has a robust layered outer casing. (3) It is important that it has the outer shell (3) 5 so that it can work when it is trapped under the rubble. oval-shaped metal cage structure that increases durability and does not interrupt RF communication. It has iron bar (3.2). Coordinator type device (2) is exposed to during the demolition of the structure. a silicon coated layer that protects the circuit board to absorb shocks, also known as a silicon-coated circuit. It contains block (3.1). The outer casing (3) is made of a water and fire resistant material. Communication via Bluetooth between the smartphone / tablet on which the application written for the invention is installed. The coordinator type device (2) is capable of setting up. The wreckage communication device (4) (EHC) has the following structure. The debris communication device (4) (EHC) is portable. Coordinator type and building trapped under the debris. wireless 433 MHz RF communication (4.10) and / or bluetooth communication module with type devices (1,2). (4.2) includes. Communication with coordinator type and building type devices (1,2) that are trapped under the rubble 15 to be able to set up and display the identification information of these devices (1,2) touch LCD screen (4.12) includes. Voice communication with coordinator type and building type devices (1,2) that are trapped under the rubble. It has a high-sensitivity microphone (4.9) and speaker (4.8) to enable it to provide. Trapped under the rubble A headset with microphone (AUX) is required to enable voice communication with coordinator type and building type devices (1,2). It has module (4.13). This module (4.13) also serves as a charging input. It can be used. It allows for its use in search and rescue operations for extended periods. It has an internal battery (4.6). A battery compartment (4.7) in which the battery (4.6) is located. It includes the microcontroller (4.1) which controls all electronic components located inside the device (4). It has conductive paths and islands on its surface for mounting electronic circuit components. It includes a circuit board (4.5). Coordinator type and building type devices (1,2) 25 under the rubble It enables activation or putting into sleep mode. It allows communication with devices (1,2). It has one internal antenna (4.11) that provides access to and records the received information. It has memory (4.3). All devices (1,2,4) have a high-strength outer casing (3) that protects them from external factors. The outer casing (3) ensures that the devices (1,2) are positioned in suitable places within the building. It has a structure that includes a mounting edge (3.3) and a mounting hole (3.4). Data from buildings where coordinator type device (2) is installed during and after earthquake / disaster. The central unit (CU) will collect the signals. It is a high-powered unit capable of detecting signals from surrounding structures. 11 It is a unit equipped with a sensitive and long-range 433 MHz RF communication module and antenna. The received The system has computers capable of processing data and transferring it to the relevant database via the internet. Earthquake / disaster. by staying in communication with the coordinator type devices (2) located in the surrounding structures beforehand, these devices (2) It has the ability to track activation. During and after an earthquake / disaster, disaster-related events. It has a program and interface capable of processing accelerational and angular changes. During an earthquake / disaster and 5 Afterwards, with the information it received from the coordinator type devices (2), it determined which structures were demolished / destroyed. by assessing the possibility, it has the ability to transfer data to the central government / disaster management unit. It has at least 5 km of coordinator type devices (2) in the location where the central unit is located. It has the ability to receive data. The building type and coordinator type devices (1,2) included in the invention can be manufactured using the methods listed below. He is working. -Displacement of building type devices (1) and coordinator type devices (2) connected to the building Based on the determined threshold data, the structures that exceed the threshold value are calculated by the devices (1,2). It is believed that it may have migrated. -The coordinator type device (2) will transmit the data that the building may have collapsed to the central unit (CU). 15 -The central unit receives data from coordinator type devices (2) within its own boundaries. In light of this, they will share information with disaster management units about how many buildings have collapsed or may have collapsed. Designed to be mounted on the floor and inside the building for building type and coordinator type devices (1,2) Their locations are shown in Figure 1a and Figure 1b. According to the calculations above, indoor detection The devices (1) cannot be placed at random points. Even with a small tremor expected from the device (1), 20 The acceleration value must be both properly perceived and this perception must exist. The conclusion to be drawn from this is... The efficient operation of the indoor sensor units (1.14, 2.14) also depends on the number of floors in the building. It varies. Building type device (1) is the device that must be present in a building at least once. For each building, on the ground floor and The structure is mounted on the column closest to the approximate center of mass of the building. The building has 25 floors. As the number of devices (1) that should be in the building increases, the number of devices that should be in the building should also increase in accordance with the purpose. It is recommended that they be present on every floor, and at a minimum on every floor of the building, starting from the ground floor. The basic tasks of the installed device (1) are to detect, during and after a possible earthquake. It is separated as follows. During a possible earthquake, the tasks of the device (1) are to reduce the force acting on the building. obtaining the resulting acceleration and angular values ​​with the sensor (1.14) and storing them in its internal memory (1.3) 30 To save, send the values ​​above the threshold value data limit to the coordinator type device (2). Possible After an earthquake, the tasks of the device (1) are divided into two according to the condition of the building. First Therefore, if the building has not collapsed, normal operations should be continued and the building's electricity should not be cut off. The first is to provide ambient lighting in the building in the event of collapse. The second is in the event of the building collapsing. 12 In this situation, begin working in disaster mode and with rescue personnel both under and above the rubble. The purpose is to ensure communication. Positioning of the internal circuit components (1.4) and external casing of the building type device (1). (3) Its appearance is shown in Figure – 2a, Figure – 2b and Figure – 2c. The controls necessary for the operation of the device (1) are the microcontroller which contains the identification number. (1.1) is performed by. The main functions of the microcontroller (1.1) for device (1) are performed by device (1) 5 to receive data from the accelerometer and angle sensor (1.14) inside, data above the threshold value data limit internally to save to memory (1.3) and communication between other devices (1) and the coordinator type device (2) The purpose is to check the RF communication module (1.12) that provides it. The device (1) obtains the electrical energy it needs to control its daily operation from an external power input. (1.7) uses the electricity of the connected building. If the building (1) cannot receive electricity, the device (1) will not receive electricity. The internal battery (1.8) uses electrical energy and will be available when the power comes back on. It continues to use the building electricity again with the external power input (1.7). Internal battery (1.8) The charge status is continuously monitored by the battery management module (1.6). Due to power outage The electrical energy level in the battery (1.8) decreases by 15% as a result of the device using the internal battery (1.8). In case of such a case, the device sends critical battery information to the coordinator type device with the identification number (2) 15 It provides information by sending. Battery management module (1.6) microcontroller (1.1) It is controlled by. The absence of prolonged power outages in the building ensures the internal battery (1.8) This means that it is not used. In this case, in order to check the battery (1.8) health. The battery management module (1.6) and the battery (1.8) are charged with electricity at specified intervals within the algorithm. It consumes energy until the level drops to 15% and then recharges to 100%. It consumes power until the battery (1.8) charge level reaches 75% again. Long term In order to maintain the health of the battery (1.8) in standby mode, the charge level should be 75% It is controlled by the battery management module (1.6). The battery (1.8) has a long life cycle. In order to maintain the battery charge level (1.8) for a sufficient period, it must be between 70-75%. In case of a power outage due to this reason, the device (1) must operate effectively within the specified time of 25 The battery capacity it will need to keep its activation going will be 25% more (1.8). It is in the form of. Accordingly, it contains a battery (1.8). For batteries (1.8) by the manufacturer Periodically, batteries (1.8) should be easily replaced once the specified healthy operating hours have expired. It has a strong locking system based on a snap-on / snap-off mechanism so that it can be changed only by authorized personnel. The battery compartment (1.9) design, which allows for its replacement, is also included in the device (1). Device (1) 30 Coordinator type device (2) that works on a similar logic and has RF inside for wireless communication It has a communication module (1.12) and a Bluetooth module (1.2). Buildings with fewer than 3 floors In buildings where there is only one device (1), the RF communication module (1.12) is directly on the top of the building. It provides communication with the coordinator type device (2) located on the ground floor / attic. Building floor number 13 Daily for the devices (1) which are planned to be located on at least one floor in buildings with 3 or more floors. In normal operation, the RF communication module (1.12) works with building type and coordinator type devices (1,2). It provides communication. The necessity of communication between devices (1) is the ground floor in multi-story buildings. The data obtained by the device (1) located on the floor is sent to the coordinator type device (2) located on the top floor / roof floor. It needs to be able to transmit the information. This transmission is interrupted due to the influence of environmental factors. Because it may be affected, the device on the lowest floor (1) sends data to the nearest device on the upper floor (1). It sends and this is also true for other devices (1). This loop is sent to the coordinator type device (2) It ends when the information is received. If the device (1) is buried under rubble after a possible earthquake, the RF communication module (1.12) is used to provide communication between the rubble and above the rubble. Device (1) RF communication 10 It includes the internal antenna (1.13) used for module (1.12). The internal antenna (1.13) can withstand any external To prevent damage from strong impacts (such as collisions or falls), the device should not be outside the device itself, as shown in Figure 3. It must be located inside the circuit box. The antenna (1.13) must be connected directly to the RF communication module. (1.12) will increase the dimensions of the device (1) and the placement of the device (1) is planned 15 The antenna (1.13) is positioned so that it is parallel to the ground plane. Antenna (1.13) and RF The communication module (1.12) connection is made with a coaxial cable with an impedance of 50Ω. The bluetooth module (1.2) located in the device (1) ensures that the device (1) is under the rubble in the event of a possible earthquake. If it remains unused, it can be connected to Bluetooth devices such as smartphones / tablets without the need for special equipment. It enables connection with devices that have the application. Similar features and application coordinator 20 This also applies to type device (2). Speakers (1.10, 2.10) located within devices (1,2) and microphones (1.11, 2.11) above and below the rubble in case these devices (1,2) are buried under the rubble. Used for voice communication. The speakers (1.10, 2.10) are waterproof and have a flat surface design. 1 Watt By generating acoustic sound waves in the mid-frequency range at RMS sound power, it can reach those trapped under the rubble. It enables communication with living / injured people via sound. Speakers (1.10, 2.10) and microphones (1.11, 25 2.11) Its resistance to water and mechanical impacts conforms to IP67 standards. The activities that the device (1) will perform will be before, during and after the earthquake. It has been explained. (1) pre-earthquake condition of the building type device: For each building, at least one of these 30 columns shall be placed on the lowest column closest to the approximate center of mass of the building. It is placed. The device (1) is placed inside the device (1) during its daily operation, i.e. before the earthquake. By receiving information from the accelerometer and angle sensor (1.14) located on the site, the building is exposed to an earthquake wave It detects that there is no remaining electronic circuit inside the device (1) from the accelerometer and angle sensor (1.14). 14 It checks data arriving 100 times per second. This depends on the location and the number of floors in the building. This value can be increased accordingly. As a result of the data received from the accelerometer and angle sensor (1.14), any If there is no seismic wave data, the device will continue to operate in this manner. It charges and discharges its battery (1.8) with the battery management module (1.6) at certain intervals. It performs its operations. Thus, the continuity of the battery (1.8) life cycle is ensured. 5 Under normal operating conditions, the device's bluetooth module (1.2) is passive and the RF communication module (1.12) is active. inside it, the coordinator type device (2) is active at certain intervals and battery (1.8) information is sending. The condition of the building type device (1) during the earthquake: The device (1) operates by receiving data from the accelerometer and angle sensor (1.14) 100 times per second and every 10 It compares the data against a defined threshold data limit. If the data is outside these threshold limits... If it obtains data, it can determine that there has been an earthquake / shaking. The device (1) and similarly If the coordinator type device (2) obtains data outside the specified threshold value data limit It switches to disaster mode as defined in its programs. In disaster mode, the device (1) is not connected to external devices until the last moment. It meets the energy requirement from the electrical connection (1.7) at the power input and only in the event of a power outage 15 In this case, it uses the energy of the internal battery (1.8). The accelerator used in the devices (1,2) in the invention The screenshot of the interface program operation for the angle sensor (1.14) is given in Figure 3. Accordingly, Program interface showing data received wirelessly from the accelerometer and angle sensor (1.14) It is seen that the horizontal axis shown in Figure 3 is the time axis. (ac) acceleration change in mm / s2, (bd) indicates the angular change in degrees. In this preliminary study, the box containing the sensor (1.14) is 20 It has been artificially moved back and forth. The change in acceleration occurring in (a) is very small and According to the change in acceleration at (c), the motion is long-duration. In the figure, the change in acceleration at a is... The resulting angular change is shown in b, and this angular change is the angular change that occurs in d. The change occurred over a longer period of time. As a result, the location of the sensor (1.14) is considered. This can be seen from the angular change graphs as the box returns to its starting position. 25 Building type device (1) case where the building was not destroyed during the earthquake: The data received from the accelerometer and angle sensor (1.14) of the device (1) is again within the defined threshold value data limits. If this happens and the values ​​return to their initial levels, it means the earthquake / shaking has ended and the building... It can detect that the column on which the device (1) is mounted does not collapse in case of earthquake / shaking. It records the largest angular and acceleration changes that occur on it in its internal memory (1.3). 30 If the electrical power supply from the external power connection (1.7) was not interrupted, as stated before the earthquake. It continues to operate. If the power is cut off from the external power connection (1.7), the device (1) is in disaster mode. In this mode, use the lighting modules located above 5% of the internal battery (1.8). It spends money on this. In the event of a normal earthquake / shaking, the building's movement ceases as a result. The residents want to leave the building immediately. What if the building's electricity is cut off, and many... Since there is no emergency lighting system in the building, the environment at the location of the device (1) It provides lighting. The purpose here is to provide ambient lighting during the evacuation of building occupants. The aim is to contribute to making evacuation easier and faster by providing 5% of the internal battery (1.8). With its energy, the device can provide ambient lighting for approximately 10-15 minutes at the location where it is located (1). If the device (1) does not receive electrical power again and has a 5% battery (1.8) for ambient lighting to be able to use the remaining energy of the battery (1.8) for a longer time after it has used up its level It enters standby mode. This standby mode continues until the power supply is restored. ...is happening. If electricity is restored, normal operation will resume as described before the earthquake. 10 It continues in this form. If the electrical power does not come back and the battery (1.8) level is below 50% If it drops below this level, the device (1) will only take the RF communication module (1.12) into the receiving position, and the other components within it It cuts off the electricity to all other circuit components. The purpose here is in the event of an earthquake / tremor. It is possible that another earthquake / tremor may occur afterwards, or due to the damage the building has sustained, a certain period of time may pass. Because the device might collapse over time, it is able to maintain the continuity of activation even under rubble. 15 Device (1) activation in case all building occupants cannot leave the building and the building collapses This is crucial for accessing those trapped under the rubble. Building type device (1) situation where the building was destroyed during the earthquake: Following the earthquake, the building may have been damaged during, immediately after, or over time. The building's structural integrity is reduced by 20% as a result of damage sustained during aftershocks or earthquakes. The building may collapse as a result of the decrease in time. The device (1) detects that the building has collapsed. outside the threshold value data limits specified in its programming, with the data it receives from its sensors (1.14) It can understand. In this case, the device (1) will continue to operate by putting itself into disaster mode. As a result of the building being demolished, the electrical power supply to the device (1) was cut off from the external power connection (1.7) internally. It starts using its battery (1.8). However, the receiver 25 uses the RF communication module (1.12). By placing it in this position, it activates the bluetooth module (1.2). In this mode, the device (1) battery (1.8) level If it drops below 50%, switch the RF communication module (1.12) to the receiving position, and the device (1) It cuts off the electricity to all other circuit components within it. At this stage and in this In this mode, the device (1) can wait for 4 days (96 hours). The device (1) that remains under the rubble, its internal battery (1.8) can be activated with the debris communication device (4) regardless of the energy level 30 and can be put back into standby mode. The device is started to work actively with the communication device (4). (1) receives analog signals from the microphones (1.11) and transmits them to the communication device via the RF communication module (1.12). (4) is sending. Since it is not known in what position the device (1) will be under the rubble, inside Six high-sensitivity microphones (1.11) will be placed in front of, behind, or on the device (1). 16 It is placed above, below, to the right, and to the left. Thus, it has the ability to pick up sound in its environment. It is getting better. Debris rescue personnel using the debris communication device (4) under the debris All sounds can be heard thanks to the microphones (1.11, 2.11) located on the devices (1,2). Communication It can send sound to the device under the rubble (1) via the microphone (4.9) located in the device (4). The analog-decoded human voice preamplifier output level is sufficiently increased, and in the power amplifier stage, 1 W 5 It transmits acoustic sound to waterproof speakers (1.10) that will produce high-powered acoustic sound. Thus, help can be given under the rubble. Earthquake victims waiting outside can hear the scanning signal. This allows them to be identified when someone is trapped under the rubble. Direct communication can be established between the earthquake victims and the rubble rescue personnel using the device (1). information such as injuries, current condition, and other health information can be obtained from earthquake victims trapped under the rubble. This makes it easier to determine the number of earthquake victims trapped in the rubble. 10 Therefore, it is important that the device (1) is on all floors of the building. If necessary If the device (1) is in the common stairwell of the building, rubble communication under the rubble With the device (4), ambient lighting can also be provided under the rubble. The bluetooth module (1.2) in the device (1) has been used to protect many buildings in the region during the earthquakes. In case of collapse, while waiting for the rubble communication device (4) to be brought to the rubble, time 15 To avoid losing it, the smartphone / tablet and device (1) on which the application prepared for the invention is installed It can be used to establish wireless connections between devices. It is present in all modern communication devices. The debris can be located using the standard Bluetooth connection and the application installed on smartphones / tablets. It can be carried out, albeit in a limited way, according to the functions offered by the communication device (4). Bluetooth connectivity at 2.45 GHz frequency has limited access under rubble depending on environmental conditions. This can be done over a distance, and Bluetooth connectivity only allows communication between two devices. However, the debris communication device (4) recognizes every thanks to its powerful RF communication module (4.10). from a certain distance with all devices under the rubble within the coverage area (1) before going to the site of the rubble. It enables communication. Coordinator type device (2), column closest to the approximate center of mass of the building on the highest floor of the building 25 It is placed on top of it. Apart from that, the roof floor is closest to the approximate center of mass of the building. It can be placed at any point / surface. It can be installed in every building, regardless of the number of floors. The main task of this device (2), which was designed for this purpose, is to protect the building from earthquakes in the event of a possible earthquake. Information regarding whether the building collapsed or not during and immediately after the incident was obtained from AFAD's regional offices. It transmits the data to the Central Unit (CU) located in containers placed at the collection points. 30 Even if the building did not collapse after the earthquake, its current condition (information on whether it collapsed or not) must be determined. It transmits to the central unit at certain intervals. One of the other tasks of the device (2) is during an earthquake acceleration and angular changes occurring approximately at the center of mass as a result of the forces to which the building is subjected The device stores the information from the sensors (2.14) regarding value changes in its internal memory (2.3). (2) 17 Another task is to communicate with earthquake victims trapped under the rubble if the building collapses. This will make it easier to activate the speakers (2.10) and microphones (2.11) under user control. The coordinator has controls and identification number for the operation of the device (2). A microcontroller (2.1) is required. The first function of the microcontroller (2.1) is to control the central unit (2) of the device. RF communication modules (2.12, 5) that enable communication with the building and communication with indoor devices (1). 2.15) is to control. The working logic of the coordinator type device (2) is the same as the building type device (1). Building The differences between the type of device (1) and the device (2) are the role it undertakes in circuit design and operation. Primarily, the device (2) It includes two internal antennas (2.13, 2.16) and a communication module (2.12, 2.15). With the devices inside the building (1) It uses the RF communication module (2.12) and the internal antenna (2.13) to communicate. This figure shows the operation. This also applies to devices (1). The most notable additions for coordinator device (2) are YG (High Power)-RF 10 The communication module (2.15), central unit internal antenna (2.16) and external antenna (2.17) inputs are connected. Operation of the battery management module (2.6) under normal operating conditions for device (2), battery compartment (2.9), battery (2.8) and sensor (2.14) data acquisition is the same as with building type device (1). The main purpose of the device (2) is to determine whether the building has collapsed or not by means of data received from the existing sensors in the building. The device (1) communicates with the central unit during and immediately after the earthquake. Since it is intended to be installed, it is sufficient to have one for each building. Algorithm created for Device (2) The program loaded into the microcontroller (2.1) transmits the program to other devices (1) inside the building at specified intervals. It will check its activation and save it to its internal memory (2.3). This is done by the RF communication module. It is carried out with (2.12). Both RF communication modules (2.12, 2.15) located in the device (2) It uses a monopole antenna. Since the radiation pattern of a monopole antenna will be perpendicular to the antenna plane, this 20 In order to enable communication by radiation, the internal antenna (2.13) to be used for indoor communication is placed on the ground plane. Central unit internal antenna (2.16) and external antenna that will provide transmission with the central unit in parallel. The antenna on the building roof, connected to the antenna inlet (2.17), is positioned perpendicular to the ground plane. The internal antennas (2.13, 2.16) are mounted directly onto the RF communication modules (2.12, 2.15) of the device. To increase their dimensions, the connection between the module (2.12, 2.15) and the antenna (2.13, 2.16) should preferably be a dual-shielded 25 is provided with a coaxial cable of suitable impedance. The microcontroller (2.1) periodically during the day. by communicating with other devices (1) and receiving information from other accelerometer and angle sensors (1.14) from its internal accelerometer and It compares the data it receives from the angle sensor (2.14). Simultaneously, the battery of the devices (1) (1.8, 2.8) also receives status information. The device (2) periodically receives information from the devices during its daily activation. (1) It receives activation information and sends it to the central unit. In case of any earthquake detection, all 30 The process is activated within 20ms at the latest. The pre-earthquake status of the coordinator type device (2): 18 The algorithm checks the activation of other devices (1) inside the building at the periods determined for device (2). It does this. It saves this to its internal memory (2.3). It uses RF for communication within the building. Communication is carried out using the communication module (2.12) and its internal antenna (2.13). A device (2) Under normal operating conditions, it should communicate with the central unit once a day, every 24 hours. This number is required. This number can be increased or decreased as needed. The device has 5 (2) Other pre-earthquake study parameters are the same as with building type device (1). The condition of the coordinator type device (2) during the earthquake: If the device (2) detects the earthquake wave from the data it receives from the accelerometer and angle sensor (2.14) the highest amplitude occurring in the x, y, z planes for Cartesian coordinates at its location It stores the acceleration and angle signals in its internal memory (2.3). In such a scenario, many buildings have 10 Because a lot of data will be generated and this data will be transmitted to the central unit simultaneously. In order to prevent the system from locking up due to increased data density, information is stored in memory (2.3) It is being recorded. It also records the data it receives from other devices (1) into its internal memory (2.3). For the building The central unit is informed that the building has collapsed upon detection of the specified critical angle or acceleration values. The device is sent with its (2) identification number. The province, district and 15 in the device's (2) identification number Since neighborhood information is included, this data shows how many buildings were destroyed regionally during the earthquake. The data that may be available can be monitored in real time and recorded in the database. Device (2) uses a high-power RF communication module (2.15) for communication with the central unit. This module (2.15) has two monopole antennas: an internal (2.16) and an external antenna connection (2.17). There is a connection. The antenna to be used for the external antenna connection (2.17) will be placed on the roof of the building 20 The placement of the antenna is necessary. The aim here is to minimize the impact of environmental factors on the antenna radiation. The aim is to ensure uninterrupted communication with the center by preventing it from being affected, such as when the building begins to collapse or In the event that the building does not collapse but the roof collapses or similar situations, the external antenna connection of the device (2) (2.17) In case of damage, communication with the central unit will be via the internal antenna located inside the device (2). (2.16) is used. All internal antenna (2.13,2.16) connections for device (2) are suitable for dual shielding 25 The impedance is provided by coaxial cable. The device's electricity is supplied from the external power connection (2.7). In the event of a power outage, the device obtains its electrical energy from its internal battery (2.8). The battery (2.8) In order to provide electricity to the device for a longer period of time, the microcontroller (2.1), sensor (2.14) and The communication module (2.2, 2.12, 2.15) operates according to the usage intervals specified in its algorithm. It is possible to change the duration of the periods. 30 Post-earthquake status of the coordinator type device (2): The operation of the device (2) varies depending on the condition of the building after the earthquake. If the building If it is not damaged, after establishing communication with the central unit, in order to avoid creating congestion in data communication 19 It communicates with hourly data, except when it is requested to send data again from the central unit. External If the electrical connection from the power input (2.7) is interrupted, the battery (2.8) remains active. To increase the usage time, the battery (2.8) continues to operate until the charge level reaches 25%. It enters standby mode after reaching this charge level. Reconnecting the power supply is necessary. or if the power connection is never interrupted, active 5 as described before the earthquake. He continues to work as such. The device (2) uses preset (threshold value data limits) data from the accelerometer and angle sensor (2.14). If the reading is high, the device can determine that the building has collapsed. Other parts of the building... It instantly sends the data it receives from the devices (1) and the collapse information to the central unit along with the identification number. It sends it as follows. Thus, during and immediately after the earthquake, within seconds, the earthquake signal is transmitted. It is possible to access the structural integrity reports of all buildings in the region. In case of building collapse, the device (2) will disconnect the power supply from the external power connection (2.7). It starts using its internal battery (2.8) because it will lose power. The building is now back to its former state. because it cannot return, it uses a high-power RF communication module (2.15) for communication with the central unit. It switches off the accelerometer and angle sensor (2.14) to save energy. In this case, the device now has 15 (2) starts operating in disaster mode. In disaster mode, the device (2) operates at the lowest power level. The Bluetooth module (2.2) and the RF communication module (2.12) continue to operate. The aim here is, In large-scale earthquakes affecting a wide area, when numerous buildings collapse, the rubble... The rescue teams that arrive at the scene do not always have access to professional equipment. The reason for this is to make it easier for teams to communicate with earthquake victims under the rubble, due to the lack of access. This 20 For this reason, if the teams have rubble communication devices (4), they can contact the buildings in their location. They can communicate with devices (1,2). If there is no communication device (4), they can communicate with those under the rubble. For the purpose of communication, the Bluetooth module (2.2) is therefore installed in the devices (1,2). Any smartphone / tablet with a Bluetooth module can use an application to connect with devices under the rubble. They are able to communicate. 25 If communication is established with the RF communication module (2.12) or the bluetooth module (2.2), the device peripheral equipment located on the circuit board (2.5) including speaker (2.10) and microphone (2.11) They transmit their connections to communication devices (4). In this way, earthquake victims under the rubble their voices to rescue teams or personnel located on or around the rubble They can make announcements. Similarly, teams or assigned personnel can also communicate with earthquake victims. 30 They are able to provide. The device (2) remains in communication unless it receives a command to the contrary. It continues to operate actively until its battery (2.8) runs out. The external casing (3) structures of the devices (1,2): The devices (1,2) will not be exposed to any external factors during daily use, so they will be kept in a fixed box. Its presence will be sufficient. However, external collapse, damage, and destruction during and after the earthquake are also a concern. In similar cases, the outer casing of the device containing the circuit board (1.5, 2.5) and its components (1.4, 2.4) (3) It meets IP67 standards for durability. In the first stage, the circuit board (1.5, 2.5), battery (1.8, 2.8) connection, speaker (1.10, 2.10) and microphone (1.11, 5 2.11) connections, RF communication module (1.11, 2.12, 2.15) connections, accelerometer and angle sensors (1.14, 2.14) The connections are not on the same circuit board (1.5, 2.5). They are connected to each other by flexible cables. They are connected. All components of the devices (1,2) are on the same circuit board (1.5, 2.5), the circuit board (1.5, 2.5) will increase the dimensions and the large-sized circuit board (1.5, 2.5) will be subjected to external forces. Solder cracking in the device (1,2) makes it easier to break the circuit board (1.5, 2.5). To protect against shocks, falls, and impacts, all modules are connected to each other with flexible cables. In order to protect the components of the device (1,2) by absorbing external forces in such situations etc. The components inside the device (1,2) (except for the accelerometer and angle sensor) are covered with a soft silicone layer, i.e., silicone coated. It is placed inside the circuit block (3.1). Thus, it is completely flexible and resistant to possible external forces. A circuit design has been obtained. The most accurate data in the device (1,2) is obtained directly from the device (1,2) 15 Accelerometer and angle sensors (1.14, 2.14) are placed inside the outer casing (3) of the device (1,2) to take it from where it is placed. It is mounted directly on the wall, but the circuit board (1.5, 2.5) connections are still made with flexible cables. It was made. Then the circuit block (3.1) inside the soft silicone coating is shown in Figure - 5. It is placed inside a cage made of iron bar (3.2) with a thickness of 3 mm and a width of 2 cm. The purpose here is While obtaining a highly flexible and absorbent environment inside the outer casing (3), the outside of the circuit block (3.1) is 20 It is protected inside a cage made of very strong iron plate (3.2). The circuit components (1.4) are placed inside an iron cage (3.2). Iron bar (3.2) housing It is in the form of and is configured to best protect the existing circuit of the device (1,2). Closed In cage design, the device is expected to make RF communication with its internal antennas (1.13, 2.13, 2.16) and (1,2). Bluetooth connections will be negatively affected, so from the front, side and top (symmetrically 25 The cage design was deemed appropriate to have gaps (at the back and bottom). The bodies of the devices (1,2) (3) and it is known that the stress to which the enclosures are subjected under external force will be concentrated at the corners. The corners are designed in an oval shape, not perpendicular. The iron bar (3.2) is located in the silicone coating inside the cage. The circuit block (3.1) is finished by being covered with high-strength hard plastic. The housing (3) Its casing is not a single piece. Because a single-piece structure is more susceptible to crushing and twisting due to external factors. 30 In situations like these, it cannot absorb mechanical impact. Therefore, the PVC enclosure will need to be stacked three times on top of each other. It is structured in this way, and the top layer is made of a heat-resistant material. Figure 6 shows the fuselage. (3) appearance is given. The building-mounted sensor kits have waterproof and mechanical strength (max 21 Manufactured according to IP67 standards (40 tons). Sensor board and LiPo battery unit, integral antenna with silicone filling. It is located inside. The sensor main body is made of 15 mm thick CrNi and has a heat-resistant, waterproof seal. Identification of devices (1,2): Each device (1,2) contains its own identification number. The number is also available outside of the device (1,2). It appears that the data it sends to the central unit is identified via this identification number. 5 For example, in the identification number 00.01.001.0001, the first two digits “00” represent the province where the device is located, and “.01” represents the device's location. The district in the province where the device is located, “.001” indicates the neighborhood in the district where the device is located, “.0001” is the device's ID. It shows the identification number. This identification number represents the start bits for the data sent by the devices. It constitutes. Wreck communication device (4): 10 The debris communication device (4) communicates wirelessly with other devices (1,2) that are within communication range. It is used to establish and enable voice communication. Device (4) internal circuit The positioning and appearance of its components are shown in Figure 7. Communication device (4), microcontroller (4.1), bluetooth module (4.2), internal memory (4.3), USB port, RF Communication module (4.10), internal antenna (4.11), battery (4.6), speaker (4.8), microphone (4.9) equipment 15 These devices include the same functions as building type and coordinator type devices (1,2). It has. The device (4) is located within the central unit and is the number foreseen as a result of the studies. It is kept ready for use at all times. A communication device (4) earthquake Prior to this, meaning assuming the buildings were not demolished, all installations in buildings within a 5 km range. It can communicate with devices (1,2). In case of buildings collapsing after a possible earthquake, 20 because the antenna positions of the devices under the rubble (1,2) will change relative to the ground plane Even under these conditions, the communication device (4) can communicate with other devices (1,2) within a range of at least 1 km. It is ensured that it can pass through. The basic function of the device (4) is to pass through under the possible collapsed building after the earthquake. It is possible to communicate with the remaining building type device (1). The coordinator type device (2) is located in the buildings. Since it will be on the top floor, in the event of the building collapsing, a 25-foot pole will be on or near the rubble. Since it is anticipated that it will be in this location, it first communicates with the building type device (1). Alternative Communication can also be established with coordinator type devices (2). Communication device (4) RF The communication module (4.10) stores the identification numbers of the devices (1,2) from which it receives data in its internal memory (4.3). It records and displays the identity to the user via the touchscreen (4.12). The user's identity is displayed on the screen. By selecting the devices listed with the number (1,2), you can connect directly. The connected device (1,2) 30 It can make voice calls via speaker (1.10, 2.10) and microphone (1.11, 2.11). Nearby When it needs to be used at a distance, a Bluetooth connection with a Bluetooth module (4.2) is also preferred. It can be done. The device (4) can change the operating modes of other devices (1,2) to which it is connected. 22 or by putting the devices (1,2) into sleep mode, the batteries (1.8, 2.8) can be used for longer. The device (4) recognizes the speaker (4.8) and microphone (4.9) for voice calls directly to the outside environment. It allows you to use headphones via the AUX module (4.13), as well as using the phone itself. Central unit and data acquisition and monitoring: 5 signals coming from sensors (1.14, 2.14) at the assembly centers established by AFAD in neighborhoods / districts The solution to the relevant code will be available on the AFAD earthquake monitoring platform (this platform is a main one) via the INTRANET. (It works with data storage and processing software via the service provider) processes this signal and activates it. The location information of the sensor module (1.14, 2.14) is indicated by a red light on the digital map. This map information is being sent to all relevant AFAD (Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency) operational centers. Neighborhood or In the container at the neighborhood's gathering center, the equipped 433 MHz transceiver unit is connected to the computer port 10 It enables integrated data transfer. The unit receives and sends digital / analog data. It can operate up to a distance of 40 km. This unit comes with its antenna and other auxiliary equipment. The unit is assembled in a container and is in continuous operation. In case of malfunction or incorrect operation of the unit... It can be monitored from the center with a warning. This unit is a building sensor that is activated during an earthquake. It is possible to receive at least 1000 instantaneous sensor data inputs from units (1.14, 2.14). It is capable of processing. Receiver sensitivity -121 dBm, 256 kbps data transfer speed, frequency hopping capability, IoT. Its protocol-ready structure and wide operating temperature range deliver the performance expected of it. It can provide the Semtech SX1262 SX1268 433MHz transceiver unit in relay mode. It includes the desired data transfer speed in case of unexpected obstacles, such as meteorological conditions. It may not be detected. For such a situation, the manufacturer provides 20 modules based on the relay principle (duplex band). They can provide transfers between each other. At the earthquake coordination center or local operations center, the digital map shows red. Color-blinking sensor (1.14, 2.14) enables rapid deployment of teams and equipment to the region based on location. It is possible to send it. It has not detected the tremor but has not exceeded the threshold tendency limit. Data from (untilted) sensors (1.14, 2.14) is also indicated by a flashing green 25 as a location indicator. They are seen as points. Thus, the unbroken sensor (1.14, 2.14) and building information also indicate the direction of movement. Information about its size and duration of movement is displayed under the flashing green dots. The continuously lit green lights represent active but motion-detecting sensors (1.14, 2.14). Sensors that cannot receive or transmit properly / as desired (1.14, 2.14) (black dots) (It is seen as) likely that the sensors (1.14, 2.14) will have completed their 3-year battery life, therefore 30 Periodic maintenance teams remove these sensors (1.14, 2.14) from designated locations in the buildings and replace them with new ones. It needs to be changed. During post-earthquake search and rescue operations, the ISM band 433 This module operates with MHz transmit / receive capability and has adjustable features with a 12 dBm output power. It operates via a compact antenna. This module receives data using ASK / FSK digital modulation. 23 This can be transmitted via digital modulation as well as analog modulation integrated into the communication card. There is also a transmission process. The main components of this analog modulation section are as follows: These are electret / capacitive microphones, audio power amplifier boards, and speakers. They are used during rescue operations in rubble. taken from the operator’s lapel microphone and overlaid on the 433 MHz carrier by the wreckage communication device (4) “Can anyone hear me?” scanning signal active under rubble sensor (1.14, 2.14) module 5 The human voice, received and decoded analogously, is amplified sufficiently at the pre-amplifier output level, and the power is increased. The acoustic sound is transmitted to waterproof speakers (1.10, 2.10) that produce 1 W of acoustic sound in the amplifier stage. Thus, a disaster victim trapped under the rubble and waiting for help will be able to hear the scanning signal from outside. In return The answer it will give is an audio signal used by rescue teams searching for survivors in the rubble. It will be audible. 10

Claims

24 REQUESTS 1. A system that allows monitoring of building condition during earthquakes or any disasters, and identifying any collapsed structures. Smart systems that enable the detection and rescue of people trapped under rubble in buildings. It is an earthquake monitoring system that uses sensor technology; its feature is that it detects earthquakes inside buildings, centered on the building's mass. By placing it on the nearest column, the threshold value resulting from the force acting on the building due to the earthquake is 5. minimum that enables the measurement, monitoring and recording of accelerational and angular values ​​above the data limit. one building type device (1), the column closest to the approximate center of mass of the building on the highest floor of the building placed on and / or on the roof at the point / surface closest to the approximate center of mass of the building by placing them in a way that will assess the building's condition in the event of a possible earthquake, both during and after the earthquake. Afterwards, information about whether it was demolished or not was obtained from the aforementioned building type devices (1) and sent to AFAD. transmitting the information to a central unit located in the assembly centers in the regions, in the earthquake zone Coordinator type device (2) that enables the tracking and recording of buildings and their identification, communication enabling wireless communication with the aforementioned devices (1, 2) that are within range, in all buildings by contacting the aforementioned devices (1, 2) to communicate verbally with people trapped under the rubble It includes a debris communication device (4). 15 2. Claim – A seismic monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, compliant with Claim 1, and its feature is as mentioned above. wireless 433 MHz RF communication module (1.12) which enables communication with devices (2, 4) and It includes a building type device (1) with a bluetooth module (1.2).

3. Claim – A seismic monitoring system that complies with Claim 1 and uses intelligent sensor technology, its feature is; debris Building type 20 equipped with high-sensitivity temperature and vibration sensors to detect life underneath. The device (1) includes.

4. Compliant with Claim 1, it is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, the feature of which is; earthquake It enables data collection before, during, and after an earthquake, based on x, y, and z coordinates. Accelerometer and angle sensor (1.14) which can detect acceleration, angular and position changes from the axes It includes a building type device (1). 25 5. Claim – A seismic monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, compliant with Claim 1, with the following features: x, y, z It can record acceleration, angular and positional changes coming from the axes according to its coordinates. It includes a building type device (1) with internal memory (1.3).

6. Compliant with Claim 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, featuring: built-in It is a building type device (1) that has a USB port that enables communication with the data stored in memory (1.3). 30 7. Compliant with Claim 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using smart sensor technology, the feature of which is; inside the building It has an internal battery (1.8) so that it can continue to work in case of a power outage. The mentioned device is a building type device (1) with a battery compartment (1.9) in which the battery (1.8) is located.

8. Claim – 1 compliant, earthquake monitoring system using smart sensor technology, its feature is; as mentioned above. Building type with battery management module (1.6) which enables long-term operation of its battery (1.8). The device is (1).

9. Compliant with Claim 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using smart sensor technology, and its feature is; in front of it, behind, below, above, to the right and / or to the left of a highly sensitive, water-resistant exterior 5 It includes a building type device (1) that has a microphone (1.11) that enables it to detect sounds from the environment.

10. Compliant with Claim 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, characterized by its robust, waterproof design. durable, preventing sound transmission to the outside environment in front, behind, below, above, to the right and / or to the left. It includes a building type device (1) with a loudspeaker (1.10) that provides.

11. Compliant with Claim 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using smart sensor technology, and its feature is; in buildings 10 In the event of a power outage due to earthquakes / disasters, the environment It is a building type device (1) that has an internal lighting module that provides illumination.

12. Claim – 1 compliant, earthquake monitoring system using smart sensor technology, its feature is; as mentioned above. Enables the use of power from the building's electricity supply when the battery (1.8) is not in use. The device (1) must have an external power input (1.7). 15 It is an earthquake monitoring system using smart sensor technology, in accordance with Claim 13 – 1, and its feature is as mentioned above. Building type device (1) containing internal antenna (1.13) enabling communication with coordinator type device (2) It is the fact that. Compliant with Claim 14 – 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, the feature of which is; 20 microcontrollers that enable the control of all electronic and circuit components (1.4) found. (1.1) is the building type device (1). It is an earthquake monitoring system that uses intelligent sensor technology, in accordance with Claim 15 – 1, and its feature is as mentioned above. conductive paths and islands on the surface of the device (1) for positioning electronic circuit components (1.4) It contains a circuit board (1.5). Compliant with Claim 16 – 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, and its feature is; impact 25 during which the circuit operation is continued and the damages on the mentioned circuit board (1.5) It is a building type device (1) with a silicon coated circuit block (3.1) which prevents it. Compliant with Claim 17 – 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, and its feature is; all It includes a coordinator-type device (2) with a microcontroller (2.1) that controls the electronic components.

18. Compliant with Claim 1, it is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, and its feature is; electronic 30 a circuit with conductive paths and islands on its surface for positioning circuit components (2.4) It includes a coordinator type device (2) with a card (2.5). 26 Compliant with Claim 19 – 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, and its feature is; impact. which ensures the continuation of the circuit operation during the mentioned circuit board (2.5) Silicone-coated circuits connected by flexible cables that prevent potential damage. It includes a coordinator type device (2) with block (3.1). It is an earthquake monitoring system that uses smart sensor technology, in accordance with Claim 20 – 1, and its feature is; the aforementioned 5 wireless RF communication modules (2.12, 2.15) and Bluetooth that enable communication with devices (1, 4). It includes a coordinator type device (2) with modules (2.2). Compliant with Claim 21 – 1, it is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, and its feature is; disaster High-power 433 MHz RF communication module (2.15) that enables communication with the management unit that is. 10 It is an earthquake monitoring system that uses intelligent sensor technology, in accordance with Claim 22 – 1, and its feature is as mentioned above. Coordinator type device with external antenna (2.17) connection to RF communication module (2.15). (2) is included. Compliant with Claim 23 – 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, featuring x,y,z sensors. Acceleration and angle sensors detect acceleration, angular, and positional changes coming from the axes according to their coordinates. 15 It includes a coordinator type device (2) with a sensor (2.14). It is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, in accordance with Claim 24 – 1, and its feature is as mentioned above. Acceleration, angular and position changes from the axes according to the x, y, z coordinates of the sensor (2.14) It includes a coordinator type device (2) with internal memory (2.3) that enables recording. It is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, in accordance with Claim 25 – 1, and its feature is; the aforementioned 20 High sensitivity which enables the coordinator type device (2) to detect life under the rubble. It has temperature and vibration sensors. Claim 26 – Compliant with Article 25, this is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, the feature of which is; The USB port provides communication to the data stored in the mentioned internal memory (2.3). Compliant with Claim 27 – 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, and its feature is; 25 inside the building. Internal battery (2.8) which enables the device (2) to continue working in case of a power outage. It includes. It is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, in accordance with Claim 28 – 1, and its feature is as follows: Coordinator with battery management module (2.6) which enables the battery (2.8) to work for a long time. The type of device is (2). 30 27 It is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, in accordance with Claim 29 – 1, and its feature is as mentioned above. Coordinator type device (2) which has a battery compartment (2.9) into which the battery (2.6) is located. It is the fact that. It is an earthquake monitoring system that uses intelligent sensor technology, in accordance with Claim 30 – 1, and its feature is as mentioned above. The external power input (2.7) that enables the coordinator type device (2) to receive power from the building electricity. 5 Compliant with Claim 31 – 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, the feature of which is; external. High-sensitivity waterproof microphone that enables the detection of sounds from the environment (2.11) It is a coordinator type device (2). Compliant with Claim 32 – 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, characterized by its ability to withstand external conditions. Coordinator type device (2) 10 with a powerful, waterproof speaker (2.10) that enables sound transmission It is the fact that.

33. Earthquake monitoring using smart sensor technology that meets any of the above requirements. It is a system whose feature is that it is robust, preventing them from being damaged when they are trapped under rubble. The mentioned building type and coordinator type device (1, 2) has a layered outer casing (3).

34. Earthquake monitoring using smart sensor technology that meets any of the above requirements. 15 It is a system characterized by its oval shape, support for RF communication, and metal cage structure. The reason for the increase in the strength of the mentioned body (3) is that it is made of iron plate (3.2).

35. Earthquake monitoring using smart sensor technology that meets any of the above requirements. It is a system whose feature is that in the event of the building collapsing, the impacts to which the mentioned devices (1, 2) are subjected Silicon-coated circuit board 20 which provides protection for the aforementioned circuit boards (1.5, 2.5) by absorbing the moisture. It includes block (3.1). Compliant with Claim 40 – 1, this earthquake monitoring system utilizes intelligent sensor technology and is characterized by its portability. It is a portable debris communication device (4). Compliant with Claim 41 – 1, it is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, the feature of which is; debris 433 25 which provides wireless communication with the mentioned coordinator type and building type devices (1,2) that are under it. Debris communication device containing MHz RF communication (4.10) and / or bluetooth communication module (4.2) (4) is. Compliant with Claim 42 – 1, it is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, the feature of which is; debris Communication with the mentioned coordinator type and building type devices (1,2) that are underway and Debris 30 containing a touch LCD screen (4.12) that allows the display of identification information of the devices (1,2). It is a communication device (4). 28 Compliant with Claim 43 – 1, it is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, the feature of which is; debris High-level communication with the mentioned coordinator type and building type devices (1,2) that remain under the It is a wreck communication device (4) with a sensitive microphone (4.9) and a speaker (4.8). Compliant with Claim 44 – 1, it is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, the feature of which is; debris 5 for providing voice communication with the mentioned coordinator type and building type devices (1,2) that are under the The wreck communication device (4) has a headset with microphone (AUX) module (4.13). Compliant with Claim 45 – 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, whose features include: search, Debris with internal battery (4.6) providing long-term use in rescue operations The communication device is (4). a battery compartment in which the mentioned battery (4.6) is located. (4.7) is the presence of a debris communication device (4). 10 Compliant with Claim 46 – 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, and its feature is; all debris communication with microcontroller (4.1) that enables control of electronic components The device is (4). Compliant with Claim 47 – 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, and its feature is electronic. A circuit board with conductive paths and islands on its surface that allow for the mounting of circuit elements. 15 The wreckage communication device (4) contains the card (4.5). Compliant with Claim 48 – 1, it is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, the feature of which is; debris activation and / or sleep of the aforementioned coordinator type and building type devices (1,2) below It is the wreckage communication device (4) that enables it to be put into mode. Compliant with Claim 49 – 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, and its feature is; building 20 It includes an RF communication module (1.12) and an internal antenna (1.13) for communicating with the devices inside (1, 2). It is a building type device (1). Compliant with Claim 50 – 1, this is an earthquake monitoring system using intelligent sensor technology, the feature of which is; building including the internal antenna (2.13) with the RF communication module (2.12) to communicate with the devices (1) inside. It is a coordinator type device (2). 25 51. It enables monitoring of building condition during earthquakes or any disasters, and if there are any collapsed structures... Smart systems that enable the detection and rescue of people trapped under rubble in buildings. Earthquake monitoring systems use sensor technology as their working method; their characteristics are: -determination of the threshold value data limit range and then acceleration and angle of building type devices (1) Comparison of each data received from the sensor (1.14) with the determined threshold data limit, 30 - When the data does not exceed the threshold value, the devices (1,2) continue to take measurements, 29 -When data exceeding the threshold value is received from the sensors (1.14) of the building type device (1), this data recording and transferring between devices (1, 2) via communication module (1.12, 2.12), - Data exceeding the threshold value from the coordinator type device (2) high power communication module (2.15) The process involves transferring the data to the central unit and includes the necessary steps. Claim 52 - The working method of the earthquake monitoring system using smart sensor technology, in accordance with Claim 51, is 5 The feature is that data exceeding the threshold value range is stored in the internal memory (1.3, 2.3) of the devices (1, 2). The recording process includes the necessary steps. Claim 53 - The working method of an earthquake monitoring system using smart sensor technology, in accordance with Claim 51, This feature allows the system to revert to its initial value after the data received from the sensor (1.14, 2.14) exceeds the threshold value. If it returns, it must be determined that the building has not collapsed and the building status information must be sent to the central unit. It includes the transfer process step. Claim 54 - The working method of an earthquake monitoring system using smart sensor technology, in accordance with Claim 51, The feature is that the data received from the sensor (1.14, 2.14) exceeds the threshold value and is outside / above the threshold value. If ongoing data recording occurs, it is determined that the building has been demolished and the building is reported to the central unit. This involves the process of transferring status information. 15 Claim 55 – The working method of an earthquake monitoring system using smart sensor technology, in accordance with Claim 51, This feature allows data from the accelerometer and angle sensors (1.14, 2.14) to be converted into preset (threshold data limits). If the data is higher than (2), the device will send the information that the building has been demolished, both internally (2.16) and externally. The device (2) is connected to the central unit by a high-power RF communication module (2.15) with antenna connection (2.17). This includes the process of transmitting the identification number. 20 Claim 56 – The working method of an earthquake monitoring system using smart sensor technology, in accordance with 55, Its feature is that the central unit has the identification number of the device (1, 2) which contains the province, district and neighborhood information. The process involves determining the coordinates of the collapsed building and recording them in a database.

57. Earthquake monitoring using intelligent sensor technology, in accordance with Claim 51 or Claim 53 or Claim 54. The system's operating method is based on the threshold 25 received from sensors (1.14, 2.14) indicating whether the building has collapsed or not. Devices that determine the value with past data (1, 2) switch to disaster mode and devices that switch to disaster mode (1, 2) By setting the RF communication module (1.12, 2.12, 2.15) to the receiver position, set the bluetooth module (1.2, 2.2) Activating it involves the process step.

58. Claim - Earthquake monitoring system operation using smart sensor technology, in accordance with claim 51 or claim 55. The method is characterized by the fact that 30 are located in the earthquake coordination center or local operations center. The sensor locations (1.14, 2.14) are flashing red on the digital map in the central unit. According to the report, the process includes identifying the areas where buildings have been destroyed.

59. Earthquake monitoring using smart sensor technology, in accordance with Claim 51 or Claim 53 or Claim 54. The system is a working method and its feature is that the devices under the rubble are recorded in the database (1,2) Using the temperature and vibration sensors and the debris communication device (4), from the touch screen (4.12) ensuring the detection of life and being able to contact people trapped under the rubble in collapsed buildings Using the debris communication device (4), RF communication module 5 with the devices (1,2) under the debris. (1.12, 2.12) and bluetooth module (1.12, 2.12) to the microphone (1.11, 2.11) and speakers of the devices (1,2). (1.10, 2.10) includes the access acquisition process step.

60. Claim - Earthquake monitoring system operation using smart sensor technology, in accordance with claim 51 or claim 59. The method is characterized by the communication device (4) microphone (4.9) during the rescue operation under the rubble. The received sound is superimposed on the 433 MHz RF communication module (4.10) to create an audio scanning signal and 10 The signal is received by the sensor (1.14, 2.14) which is active under the rubble and decoded analogously. By increasing the pre-amplifier output level, it will produce 1W of acoustic sound in the power amplifier stage, waterproof. This involves the process of transmitting the signal to the speakers (1.10, 2.10).

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