A Jammer Detection Method and System for Wireless Communication Systems Operating in Low Signal-to-Noise Ratio Regions

Abstract

This invention relates to a jamming detection system (1) and method that enables the detection of high interference and electronic warfare attacks in wireless communication systems that can operate at a low signal-to-noise ratio. The jamming detection method of the invention involves the following steps: splitting a received communication signal into multiple sub-parts, obtaining pilot estimation, noise power detection, a first SNR value and a second SNR value different from the first SNR value for each sub-part, and performing a jamming detection operation based on the first SNR estimation and the second SNR estimation results, which have different values, and predetermined threshold values ​​to be used for these SNR estimation results.

Description

1 TARIFF WORKING IN A LOW SIGNAL-TO-NOISE AREA A mixer for wireless communication systems. DETECTION METHOD AND SYSTEM Technical Area This invention is capable of operating at a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Detecting high levels of interference in communication systems and electronic warfare attacks, This relates to a method that increases resistance to these resources. 10 Previous Technique Today's modern communication waveforms such as LTE, 5G and Wi-Fi are immediately... Channel coding methods are preferred in all of them. The use of these methods is 15 along with the resistance of the communication signal to wireless channel conditions. is being increased. Modern encoding methods require that for each bit to be decoded at the receiving terminal It derives a reliability value (log-likelihood ratio, LLR). LLR derivation at the receiver. For the process to be successful, receiver parameters such as noise power, SNR, and channel estimation must be considered. Other operations performed must also be carried out to a sufficient quality. 20 This affects the quality of channel estimation and, consequently, the soundness of LLR derivation. An important factor is the SNR estimation process, especially in the low SNR region. methods that can make consistent SNR estimations for operational communication systems There is a need. This need is made even more difficult by the presence of the disruptive threat. It is becoming a problem. 25 In today's high-speed and modern communication systems, Turbo, LDPC (Low Density Parity Check (Low Density Parity Check), channels like Polar Coding methods are preferred. Thanks to these methods, the channel and 30 The message transmitted through the three channels can be reproduced again at the receiver. 2 The coding method also requires LLR-based reliability metrics. If LLRs are generated consistently, the channel decoder will transmit the data. It is able to successfully reproduce the message that was transmitted. Therefore, modern The first factor that ultimately determines the receiver performance of communication systems is... The LLR values ​​to be given to the channel decoder must be high-resolution and consistent. It is derived as follows. The most important thing for correctly generating LLRs is... One of the criteria is that the channel estimation process must be performed with high accuracy. For successful channel estimation, SNR estimation is also necessary. It needs to be done with high accuracy. SNR / channel estimation and LLR derivation. Considering this relationship between the processes, the SNR estimation is 10 deriving healthy LLR values ​​and successfully decoding the transmitted message This appears to be the first necessary step, especially in low SNR regions. and in situations where there is high mixing exposure, the SNR estimation quality A decrease in channel decoder performance is observed with the drop. Therefore, In scenarios with low SNR region and mixing, a reliable 15 SNR specifically designed to ensure continued communication. Prediction methods are needed. Therefore, these methods... When confounder detection is performed using this method, LLR metrics are more consistent. It will become calculable. Many jamming resistance techniques for wireless communication systems. These algorithms are single-input single-output (SINGLE-INP) algorithms. It can be applied to multi-input multi-output (SISO) wireless communication systems as well as multi-input multi-output systems. There are also many variations of (MIMO) wireless communication systems. Some of the techniques involve communication terminals using MIMO-based beamforming. It provides resistance to the mixer by taking advantage of its shaping capabilities. However, MIMO-based when the mixer and transmitter terminals are aligned. A significant decrease in the performance of the techniques may be observed. In addition, the existing These methods are not applicable to SISO type communications. For example... 30 in the art described in United States patent document number US8488724B2 beam in order to provide resistance against mixing in the spatial region 3 Shaping and beam zeroing techniques are utilized. Similarly Frequency domain signal processing in Korean patent document number KR20040081012A. Interference / mixing signals are detected using various techniques. Another part of the known techniques for detection and suppression of the interfering effect is: Identifying the targeted sections in the communication frequency band and the jammed 5 It is about weakening the field. However, it is done over the frequency band. Mixing and interference signals in these methods, especially in the negative SNR region. It cannot be detected at high resolution. In addition, frequency domain detection. methods of receiving connected automatic gain control mechanisms It cannot be applied to signals that vary in lines or time. 10 Other techniques that provide resistance to the mixer are basically based on... The communication band is divided into sub-segments, and the SNR value of each sub-segment is calculated. Based on the calculated SNR values, exposure to mixing is determined. The signals from the sub-components are attenuated. This is the fundamental problem with this type of technique. However, the accuracy of interference detection varies depending on the SNR estimation performance. This is to show that. Similarly, in these techniques, the SNR in the low SNR region is also shown. As the quality of prediction decreases, the performance of confounder detection also decreases. Therefore, exposure to the mixer results in very low SNR zones. can even detect the presence of a scrambling signal and, based on that detection, channel 20 The reliability of the relevant bits in the LLR calculation blocks is consistent with the shortcut. by calculating the performance of decoding operations, jamming attacks, and We need a method and system that greatly improves even under high levels of interference. It is heard. Brief Description of the Invention The aim of this invention is to achieve a very low SNR when exposed to a mixer. It can detect the presence of a jamming signal even in these regions, and this detection In line with this, the relevant bits in the channel snipping and LLR calculation blocks are 30. by consistently calculating its reliability, the performance of decoding operations, 4 a jamming attack and one that greatly improves even under high interference conditions It implements methods and systems. The first step taken to achieve the purpose of this invention, and the requirements associated with that step... The method described in the requests; 5 of a communication signal transmitted from a transmitting antenna. divided into multiple sub-parts by at least one control unit; at least one Pilot estimation is performed by the pilot decoding unit on the signals in question. Detection of pilot signals found; at least one noise power estimator unit. located in the communication channel between a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna Determining the power of the noise; a first SNR of 10 for each separated sub-segment. Obtaining a first SNR value by the estimation unit, a second SNR a second SNR estimate, different from the first SNR estimate, by the estimation unit The SNR value is obtained and separated by a mixer detection unit. The first SNR estimate and the second SNR estimate have different values. 15 to be used for comparison with the results and these SNR estimation results. a predetermined first threshold value and a second threshold value different from the first threshold value A mixer detection process is performed based on the threshold value for each sub-value. steps to determine whether the part has been exposed to a mixer It includes. Thanks to the mixer detection method and system that is the subject of the invention, wireless communication is possible. channel encoding and decoding processes found in almost all systems Its performance is largely due to disruptive attacks and even under high interference. Improved by interfering with the known state of the art. 25 will indicate the presence of a mixer in the low SNR region of the algorithms. The problem of not being able to make predictions about metrics with high accuracy has been eliminated. are removed. In this invention, the regions of the tape that are subjected to high mixing are eliminated. reliability metrics that will be detected and sent to the channel decoder (to the mixing indicators). Thanks to this feature in the invention, the channel The decoder's performance, especially in the presence of a mixer, is significantly reduced by 30. It can be increased. Unlike other inventions, in this invention, the mixing signal... In order to be detected even in the low SNR region, both low and high SNR Two different SNR estimators are used in these regions, and these two different SNRs Whether or not exposure to the mixer occurred is determined by evaluating the estimator's outputs. will be detected. Thus, especially in the case of exposure to the mixer. The presence of a scrambling signal can be detected even in very low SNR regions. 5 And in line with this finding, the relevant blocks for channel estimation and LLR calculations are included. The reliability of the bits can be calculated consistently. This allows for low SNR. In these modes, the performance under the mixer is significantly improved. Another advantage of the invention is that the proposed method and system are suitable for MIMO / SISO systems. It is applicable to all of them. It is also different from frequency domain techniques. as well as for signals received in automatic gain control variations creating a viable solution and also for time-variable communication systems. It has a structure that can be easily integrated. Detailed Description of the Invention 15 The mixer detection system, implemented to achieve the purpose of this invention, is attached. as shown in the figures; Figure 1 - Block of an application of the mixer detection system described in the invention. It is a diagram. Figure 2 - The subject of the invention is the prior knowledge of the mixing detection method and technique. The BLER (Block Error Rate) of other methods in the field under different conditions It is a graph showing their achievements. The parts in the figures are individually numbered, and each number corresponds to the following: given below. 25 1. System 2. Control unit 3. Pilot decoding unit 4. Noise power estimation unit 5. First SNR estimation unit 30 6. Second SNR estimation unit 6 7. Mixer detection unit 8. Channel cutting unit 9. Equalization unit 10. LLR computing unit Channel 11 decoding unit 5 TX. Transmitter antenna. RX. Receiver antenna Determining whether communication systems have been exposed to jamming. a jamming detection method that allows for the detection of jamming from at least one transmitting antenna (TX) 10 a transmitted communication signal must be received by at least one receiving antenna (RX); multiple communication signals by a small control unit (2) division into a number of sub-parts; pilot by at least one pilot decoding unit (3) Detecting pilot signals present in the signals in question by making predictions; at least one noise power estimation unit (4) by the transmitting antenna (TX) and the receiving antenna 15 Determining the strength of the noise present in the communication channel between (RX); For each sub-part separated, a first SNR estimation unit (5) is used. At least one first SNR value is obtained by performing the first SNR estimation process. It includes the steps involved. In the first step of the mixer detection method, at least A communication signal transmitted from a transmitting antenna (TX) is a wireless communication signal. It passes through the channel and is received by at least one receiving antenna (RX), and the received at least one controller electrically connected to the communication signal receiving antenna (RX) to be processed by unit (2) an external memory unit or an internal memory It is recorded in the unit. Then the communication signal arrives at the receiving antenna (RX). The control unit (2) is divided into sub-parts. Here, the sub-parts are 25 The described structure is exemplified by a 10 MHz waveform, with each 2.5 MHz sub-waveform representing a different frequency. They can be thought of as bands. Another example is a 100 us long band. Each 20 us (approximately 1 / 20) segment of the communication signal can be expressed as a sub-segment. What will be the size of the sub-component here and in which signal region is it defined? (time / frequency, etc.) the waveform used for communication and design criteria 30 It is determined in advance according to the rules. 7 Wireless capable of operating at a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Detection of high interference and electronic warfare attacks in communication systems. The invention, a mixer detection method, also enables the separation of each a second SNR estimation unit (6) for a sub-part by the first 5 a second SNR estimation process, different from the first SNR estimation process by performing this process, a second SNR value is obtained and a mixer is detected. The first SNR estimate, which has different values, by unit (7) with the second SNR estimation results and with these SNR estimation results 10 is a predetermined first threshold value to be used for comparison. A mixer detection process based on (Γ) and a second threshold value (Γ). It includes the steps for its implementation. The subject of the invention is a mixer detection method. Interference in wireless communication systems operating in the low SNR region and Wireless communication receiver to increase resistance to jamming signals. It is a suitable method for use in terminals. The subject of the invention is mixer detection 15 The method can be adapted to single-carrier waveforms as well as multi-carrier waveforms such as OFDM. It can also be applied to carrier systems. The subject of the invention is the mixer detection system. This method can be applied to SISO or MIMO wireless receiver systems. The invention The subject is a pilot study of waveforms to which the jamming detection method can be applied. It needs to be supported. Today's wave 20, which enables high-speed communication. In almost all of their forms, the instantaneous wireless channel through which communication takes place In order to obtain the statistics, a pilot signal accompanies the transmission signal and The symbols are defined. Through these pilot symbols or signals, the receiver The instantaneous noise level (SNR) required by the terminal for signal demodulation. And statistical information such as channel complex gain coefficients can be estimated. 25 If pilot symbols are present for channel estimation, they are located at the receiving terminal. Before the pilot estimation operation is carried out by the field pilot solving unit (3) The demodulation process performed by the control unit (2) is compatible. It can be implemented in a (coherent) manner. It is a general description. In terms of the invention, a detailed technical description of a MIMO-OFDM waveform 30 It is explained through this method. The notation in the explanation has been simplified to reflect the aforementioned point. 8 The invention can also be adapted to single-carrier and SISO systems (this part will be explained later). (as explained). The waveform considered in the mixing detection method that is the subject of the invention. It is assumed to be pilot-assisted. The subject of the invention is a mixer detection method. a mixer detection system (1) which enables its implementation The block diagram for an application of the receiving terminal is shown in Figure 1. 5 In the receiver terminal configuration shown in Figure 1, the mixer detection that is the subject of this invention the first SNR estimation unit (5) and the second SNR, specific to the method. Two different SNR estimation units will be the estimation unit (6) and from these units There is a mixer detection unit (7) that evaluates the incoming SNR results. The first step of the interference detection method described in the invention involves a signal arriving at the receiving antenna (RX) of 10 The communication signal is divided into sub-components by the control unit (2) in the second step. separation and then channel estimation, channel equalization and LLR calculation for use in operations (this part is detailed in later sections), Pilot estimation, noise power estimation, SNR estimation, and sub-component estimation. The mixer is subjected to detection procedures. The subject of the invention is mixer detection 15 In this method, specific values ​​are used to estimate the noise power, SNR, and channel for each sub-segment. It is assumed that there are a certain number of pilot elements. The next step is the pilot. In the pilot estimation step performed by the decoding unit (3), each sub Channel coefficients for a part are determined via pilot elements, most fundamentally the smallest. It can be estimated using the least squares (LS) method. With the LS method, 20 Let the estimated channel coefficients be expressed as ℎ( , )[𝑘, ℓ], {𝑘, ℓ} ∈ 𝒫. Here, channel The indexes 𝑖 and 𝑗 added to the estimation represent the 𝑖-th receiver antenna (RX) and the 𝑗-th antenna, respectively. The transmission layer (transmitting antenna (TX)), and 𝒫 will be used for channel estimation. The set of sub-carrier-symbol pairs of pilots is specified. Similarly, 𝑘 and ℓ and ℓ respectively specify the carrier and symbol indices. The set {𝑘, ℓ} ∈ 𝒫 represents 25. The pilot positions located in the relevant sub-section are indicated. In the current notation, 𝑘 By removing the index, the algorithm produces single-carrier waveforms. It is adaptable. Similarly, the aforementioned indexes (i, i) are removed. The algorithm can be adapted to SISO systems. The channel's adjacent time-frequency... Noise power estimation unit (4) is 30, assuming that the sources do not change. 9 Noise estimation performed, adjacent or closest to each other ℎ( , )[𝑘, ℓ] It can be estimated based on the differential average of its elements, but the subject of the invention The scope of the interference detection method is not limited to this; it is also used for noise estimation. It is also possible to evaluate different methods. Noise for the relevant (𝑖, 𝑗) pair. The noise variance estimated as a result of the power estimation process is then 5 In the explanations, it will be expressed with 𝜎. The invention describes the first SNR estimation in an application of a mixer detection method. The first SNR estimation process performed by unit (5) is given below This is done using Equation 1; 10 𝑆𝑁𝑅 ( , ) = ∑ ( , ) [ ,ℓ] , { ,ℓ}∈𝒫 − (1) Here; i; i-th receiving antenna (RX), 15 𝑗; 𝑗th transmission layer (transmitting antenna (TX)), 𝑆𝑁𝑅 ( , ); the first SNR value for the relevant (𝑖, 𝑗) pair, 𝑘 and 𝑙 are pilot positions located in the respective sub-sections. P; sub-carrier-symbol pairs of pilots to be used for channel estimation. set, 20 ℎ ( , ) ; the channel coefficient estimated for the relevant (i, i) pair, 𝜎 , ; the noise variance estimated for the relevant pair (i, i), N; the number of pilots in the relevant sub-segment, B; a predetermined amount of pilot boosting. It is stated that the subject of the invention is a mixer detection method involving two different 25 Several SNR estimations are performed. The results obtained from the first SNR estimation are as follows: It is possible for the SNR value to be negative. From a practical standpoint, this is feasible. This is not a situation that is not in advance by the first SNR estimation unit (5). Using a defined lower threshold, the first SNR estimate is as follows: is limited: 𝑆𝑁𝑅 ( , ) ← min 𝑆𝑁𝑅 ( , ) , 10 (2) Here, 𝑆𝑁𝑅 indicates the lower limit of the SNR. The 𝑆𝑁𝑅 value in question is... As a predetermined design parameter, the mixer detection that is the subject of the invention from the lowest SNR at which the communication receiver that will implement the method can operate a lower threshold value is selected. The first thresholded SNR estimate, It can also be expressed in dB as 𝑆𝑁𝑅( , )[𝑑𝐵] = 10 × log (𝑆𝑁𝑅( , )). 10 The invention concerns the estimation of the second SNR in an application of a mixer detection method. The second SNR estimation process performed by unit (6) is given below This is done using equations; 𝑆𝑁𝑅 ( , ) = ∑ ( , ) [ ,ℓ]{ ,ℓ}∈𝒫 , - × (3) Here; i; i-th receiving antenna (RX), 20 𝑗; the 𝑗th conduction layer, 𝑆𝑁𝑅 ( , ); the second SNR value for the relevant (𝑖, 𝑗) pair, 𝑘 and 𝑙 are pilot positions located in the respective sub-sections. P; sub-carrier-symbol pairs of pilots to be used for channel estimation. set, 25 ℎ ( , ) ; the channel coefficient estimated for the relevant (i, i) pair, 𝜎 , ; is the estimated noise variance for the relevant pair (𝑖, 𝑗), 11 N; the number of pilots in the relevant sub-segment, B indicates a predetermined pilot boost amount. In practice If the value of 𝑁 × 𝐵 is sufficiently small, then the above given in the equation − × The term is negligible, and this part is a verification detail. It is evaluated as follows. Similar to the thresholding done for the first SNR value, 5 For the second SNR estimation, a second SNR estimation unit (6) is used. The thresholding process is performed as follows. 𝑆𝑁𝑅 ( , ) ← min 𝑆𝑁𝑅 ( , ) , 10 (4) The second thresholded SNR value, in dB, is 𝑆𝑁𝑅( , )[𝑑𝐵] = 10 × log (𝑆𝑁𝑅( , )) It can also be expressed as follows: If the threshold value is not applied, the first SNR An unbiased noise estimation is obtained using the estimation algorithm. However, the disadvantage of the first SNR estimation is that the SNR is calculated in the low SNR region. The error variance of the estimations is high. In addition, the first SNR is 15. Low SNR due to thresholding process performed by estimation unit (5) A bias develops in the region. In this case, it is exposed to a high amount of mixing agent. The SNR value of the remaining sub-component cannot be accurately determined. This is because... Pilot estimates are also affected by mixing when subjected to high levels of mixing. the signal increases and the channel power-to-noise variance ratio reaches a certain 20 The threshold cannot be exceeded. For example, the mixer / received signal ratio JSR=20 dB. In this case, the maximum measurable SNR value is -20 dB, while the first SNR... The estimation unit (5) is biased due to its estimations in the low SNR region. It may not be able to measure SNR values. On the other hand, the second SNR estimation unit (6) is More successful than the first SNR estimation unit (5) in low SNR regions 25 This is because the second SNR estimation unit (6) gives results. Channel coefficients are summed in a phase-coherent manner to determine the LS estimations. Noise and mixing effect are better than the first SNR estimation unit (5). It is suppressed. In other words, the confounding effect is more evident in the second SNR estimation. 12 It can be understood. However, the second SNR estimation unit (6) is in the high SNR region. and makes biased predictions in binary-selective channels. Therefore, only the second Relying on SNR estimation for communication systems operating in the high SNR region. and is not suitable for the waveforms. Therefore, the first SNR estimation unit These two 5s are performed separately by (5) and the second SNR estimation unit (6). The first SNR estimate value and the second SNR estimate value obtained as a result of the SNR estimation processes. The SNR estimation value is determined by the mixer detection unit (7) and the final value is taken into consideration. An SNR value is obtained. In addition, SNR estimation processes are performed for each Since this is implemented separately for the receiving antenna (RX) - transmitting antenna (TX) pair, In this way, it was also determined whether the relevant 𝑖-𝑗 line was exposed to the mixer. 10 is happening. In one application of the mixer detection method described in the invention, a mixer is detected. The first SNR estimate, which has different values, by unit (7) with the second SNR estimation results and the 15 to be used for these SNR estimation results to a predetermined first threshold value (Γ ) and a second threshold value (Γ ) Depending on the situation, the step of performing a mixer detection process is also carried out; the obtained the first SNR value with a predetermined first threshold value (Γ) comparison of the first SNR value obtained with a predetermined first threshold If it has an SNR value higher than (Γ) of 20, it is exposed to a mixer. It was determined that no residue was found, and the first SNR value was used as the final SNR value. determination; if the first SNR value is lower than the first threshold value (Γ) If it has an SNR value, the second SNR value is the predetermined second threshold value. Comparison of (Γ) and if the second SNR value is above the predetermined second threshold If it has an SNR value higher than (Γ) of 25, it is exposed to a mixer. It was determined that there was no remaining value, and the second SNR value was used as the final SNR value. determination; if the first SNR value is lower than the first threshold value (Γ) and Also, if the second SNR value is lower than the second threshold value (Γ), then... Exposure to the mixer was detected and a predetermined SNR level was reached. The SNR value below 30 is determined as the final SNR value (SNR) and 30 based on these mixer detection results, the presence of a mixer 13 This includes the sub-steps of organizing reliability metrics. Here, the final Three different scenarios occur when determining the SNR value. The first one is... In this scenario, the first SNR value is compared with the first threshold value (Γ). This If the comparison result is obtained by the first SNR estimation unit (5) The first SNR value is higher than the predetermined first threshold value (Γ). If it has a value, the final SNR value is used as 𝑆𝑁𝑅( , ) = 𝑆𝑁𝑅( , ) and thus the relevant sub-part in the (𝑖-𝑗) receiving line is not exposed to the mixer By detecting, a jamming indicator 𝐽( , ) = 0 is assigned to the relevant (𝑖-𝑗) receiving line. is marked. In the second scenario, if the first SNR estimation unit (5) is the first If an SNR value lower than the threshold value (Γ) is estimated, then the second 10 The second SNR value estimated by the SNR estimation unit (6) is examined. If the second SNR estimation unit (6) differs from the first threshold value (Γ) an SNR value higher than a predetermined second threshold value (Γ) If estimated, the final SNR value is used as 𝑆𝑁𝑅( , ) = 𝑆𝑁𝑅( , ) and Thus, the relevant sub-part in the (𝑖-𝑗) receiving line is not exposed to the mixer. 15 It was determined that the interference indicator for the relevant (𝑖-𝑗) receiving line is 𝐽( , ) = 0. It is marked. In the third scenario, if the first SNR value is higher than the first threshold value... (Γ) is low and at the same time the second SNR value is also lower than the second threshold value (Γ). (i-i) the relevant sub-component in the receiving line is exposed to a high amount of mixing. It is determined that it remains and the jamming indicator for this (i-i) receiving line is 𝐽( , ) =20 It is marked as 1. The final SNR is determined as 𝑆𝑁𝑅( , ) = 𝑆𝑁𝑅. Here, 𝑆𝑁𝑅 is a case where the mixing detection method discussed in the invention is applied. lower than the lowest SNR level at which the communication system is operational a predetermined value is selected, for example, a value at least 10 dB lower. It can be considered as a design parameter. The resulting mixer indicator (𝐽( , )) 25 The aforementioned "1" and "0" values ​​determined for this are explained in later sections. LLR values ​​are considered during the reset process. In an application of the mixer detection method described in the invention, exposure to the mixer If a thickness is detected, logarithmic 30 is used during the LLR calculation process. 14 It includes the step of reducing similarity ratios to zero. The subject of the invention is the mixer. If the system in which the detection method is implemented is SISO, then the mixer Logarithmic similarity ratios to be collected from the relevant sub-part for indicator 𝐽 = 1 The log-likelihood ratio (LLR) can be reset directly. Thus, the exposure to the mixer... It has been concluded that the bits of the remaining sub-part are unreliable. Furthermore, 5 On the other hand, when the aforementioned invention is applied to a MIMO system, the relevant sub-component The following condition must be met for the collected LLR values ​​to be reset: It is required: 𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑠𝑒𝐿𝐿𝑅 = 1 𝐽( , ) = 1 ∀𝑖, 𝑗 0, 𝑑𝚤ş𝚤𝑛𝑑𝑎 (5) 10 The above steps must be followed at the receiving terminal where the invention is realized. If the result is 𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑠𝑒𝐿𝐿𝑅 = 1, then the channel is ready for the LLR calculation. channel performed by the cutting unit (8) and equalization unit (9) There is no need to run either the estimation or channel equalization processes. 15 This would avoid potential time loss and unnecessary actions by the units in question. This prevents energy from being wasted on the ground. An application of the mixer detection method described in the invention is also channel decoding. 20 by mixer detection unit (7) for the process to be carried out After the final SNR value determination step is completed; mixer detection The final SNR value obtained by unit (7) is a channel estimation unit (8) used by and channel estimation to assign it to the relevant wireless communication channel. Detection of related information (frequency response, time delay, phase changes, etc.) channel equalization operation by an equalization unit (9) 25 by correcting the disruptions caused by the communication channel, The reliability metrics in question are used by the LLR computing unit (10) By performing the LLR calculation, the signal transmitted by the transmitting antenna (TX) is analyzed. Determining the logarithmic accuracy rate of bits and a channel decoding unit. (11) decoding process is carried out and errors that occur during transmission are corrected. It includes steps to resolve the issue that limits performance under the mixer. To indicate the factor, the channel involved in the method steps mentioned above. The relationship between estimation, SNR estimation, and LLR calculation is explained below. A communication system that uses BPSK (Dual Phase Shift Switching) signaling. A communication system using BPSK signaling where 𝐸[|𝑥| ] = 1. 5 The transmission signal of the system is x, an AWGN (Additional White Gaussian Noise) Passing through the channel, 𝑛 ∼ 𝒩 0, along with its additive noise, reaches the receiver 𝑦 = ℎ𝑥 + It is accessed in the form of 𝑛. For this system, 𝜌 = | | defined as and received The logarithmic likelihood ratio for each bit in the signal is given as 𝐿𝐿𝑅 = −2 × 𝜌 × 𝑦. It can be calculated. Here, 𝜌 represents the instantaneous SNR value. In a practical receiver, this is 10. 𝜌 is predictable, and the LLR value is calculated as 𝐿𝐿𝑅 = −2 × 𝜌 × 𝑦. Here, ℎ and 𝜎 are the channel estimations and noise power estimations at the receiver, respectively. This is expressed as follows. As can be seen, the magnitudes of the LLRs are directly related to 𝜌. They are related. If consistent calculation of LLRs is desired, under the mixer It is practically necessary to weaken or even eliminate these LLR values. 15 To achieve this, mixer detection is performed using ℎ and 𝜎 estimations under the mixer. Successfully completing this is crucial for system performance. 𝜎 When predictions are made as described above, the confounding information can be accurately interpreted. It is capable of carrying [the material]. However, the method requires careful attention for channel estimation and mixer detection. It needs to be designed in a certain way. A sub-section and 20 in terms of channel estimation. Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) based for the 𝑖-𝑗 layer / receiver antenna (RX) pair, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) based, Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) There are several methods based on this. SNR estimation is performed for each of these methods. Prior knowledge is utilized. MMSE-based methods are used as an example for channel estimation. If the method is taken as a reference, channel 25 is performed by channel estimation unit (8). The estimation process can be written as follows: ℎ = 𝑊ℎ (6) 16 Here, the channel estimate obtained using the ℎ and ℎ estimations is expressed. The Wiener channel estimation matrix is ​​obtained using 𝑊 = 𝑅 𝑅 + 𝐼 and 𝑅. channel correlation matrices, pilot-pilot covariance matrix with R, data-pilot with R The covariance matrix and the identity matrix are represented by I. If the SNR information cannot be obtained correctly under the mixer, then h and therefore 5 The ℎ value in the LLR calculation given above for BPSK is the result of an erroneous estimation. This will provide the previously explained information for calculating the SNR estimation. The final 𝑆𝑁𝑅( , ) value obtained from the two-stage SNR estimation process. It can be written. The h vector obtained after channel estimation operations. Proper scaling significantly increases resistance to the mixer. It is effective. The scaling operation in MMSE channel estimation is the 𝑆𝑁𝑅 term of the 𝑊 matrix. It is directly related to. By considering a scenario in which the invented method is applied, the traditional structure is examined. A comparative performance analysis was conducted, and the results regarding the performances are shown in Figure 2. This is shown. In the scenario considered, there are 128 subcarriers, each consisting of 8 symbols, and 2 A MIMO-OFDM (Multiple Input Multiple Output - Orthogonal) layered transmission is performed. The Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) system has been considered. The algorithm mentioned in the invention... The receiving terminal where the transmission takes place has 2 receiving lines. Quadratic phase shift keying (QPSK) as modulation and coding rate 20 1 / 40 has been chosen. The modulation and coding preferred here are... The main reason for the low rates is that the system operates in the low SNR region. Figure 2 shows that the band's JBR = 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% constitutes the received signal. two receiving lines with a mixer signal at a power JSR = 40 dB above the power The situation of being hit is being considered. Three different algorithms were compared in the receiver. 25 The first of these is called SNR-F, and in this algorithm, Wiener The first SNR estimation value, 𝑆𝑁𝑅( , ) was used for filter production. Another algorithm used was PERF-ERASURE, in which, The LLR values ​​for the areas where the mixer was struck are directly reset to zero, thus achieving the optimum. A receiver has been created. This receiver structure is not practically feasible and is based on reference 30. 17 It is being examined in order to create a performance. Finally, a meeting with SNR-COMB. The topic is proposed SNR estimation and confounder detection in confounder detection methods. The performance of the algorithm is given. 𝑆𝑁𝑅 [𝑑𝐵] = −15 has been selected. This is because the current modulation and encoding ratio does not match the operating SNR value. The reason is that a 𝑆𝑁𝑅 [𝑑𝐵] value lower than -6 dB must be selected. 5 The first threshold value (Γ) was chosen as 0 and the second threshold value (Γ) as −12. the values ​​show the differences in performance between the first and second SNR estimation algorithms. This was determined through trade-off points. When the results in Figure 2 are examined... All algorithms work the same way for the case where there is no mixing signal. Furthermore... As the bandwidth hit by the mixer increases, the SNR-COMB algorithm becomes 10 Compared to the traditional SNR-F algorithm, its performance stands out. The SNR-COMB algorithm is considered optimal compared to the PERF-ERASURE algorithm. It demonstrates a similar level of performance. When the results given in Figure 2 are examined... The SNR-COMB algorithm correctly detected the presence of the mixer, and It makes the SNR estimate more accurate and therefore the channel decoding unit (11) 15 As a result of producing healthier LLRs than the traditional method... It is observed that it has achieved good results. In other words, the subject of the invention... The method provides accurate results thanks to the two-stage SNR estimation process performed within it. The SNR value, which will perform the scaling, is estimated. Channel coefficients Channel equalization processes are 20 thanks to their accurate scaling. This will be done more accurately and therefore the channel equalization process will be done afterwards. The accuracy of the LLR calculation will increase. This will also improve channel decoding (channel (decoding) and therefore will improve communication performance. This invention also achieves a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 25. High interference and electronic warfare in operational wireless communication systems. with a jamming detection system (1) that enables the detection of attacks It is related to the invention. The subject of the invention is a jamming detection system (1); consisting of at least one transmitting antenna (TX) at least one receiving antenna (RX) capable of receiving a transmitted communication signal; 30 to divide the communication signal in question into multiple sub-parts a configured control unit (2); signals received by the receiving antenna (RX) 18 at least one pilot decoding system configured to detect the pilot signals found. unit (3); in a communication channel between a transmitting antenna (TX) and a receiving antenna (RX) at least one noise power source configured to detect the power of the noise detected. estimation unit (4); a first SNR estimation operation for each sub-part separated a first 5 structured to obtain a first SNR value by performing this action SNR estimation unit (5); first SNR estimation for each sub-part separated by performing a second SNR estimation process, which is different from the first one. a second SNR estimator unit configured to obtain the second SNR value (6); first SNR estimate and second SNR with different values 10 estimation results and to compare with these SNR estimation results a predetermined first threshold value (Γ) and a second threshold are used. to perform a mixer detection operation depending on the value (Γ). The mixer in question includes a structured mixer detection unit (7). Detection system (1), steps involved in the mixer detection method subject to the invention. It includes tools adapted to perform this task. 15 in the mixer detection unit. (7) includes the control unit (2), pilot decoding unit (3), and noise power estimation unit. (4), first SNR estimation unit (5), second SNR estimation unit (6) and mixer The detection unit (7) is preferably arranged to work together with a receiving terminal. They are units. In an application, each of these units is a separate microprocessor, microcontroller, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), application-specific 20 Integrated circuits (ASICs) and digital signal processors (DSPs) are processors, or they combine these. There may be derivatives. In another application, the units in question have performed... At least some of the operations that occur are performed by a single microprocessor, microcontroller, Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), digital signal processor (DSP), and other processors or their derivatives 25 This is implemented by. In another application, these units are a single entity. microprocessor, microcontroller, field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), digital signal processor (DSP), etc. This is implemented by the processor or its derivatives. 19 The subject of the invention, the mixer detection system (1), also includes information about the communication channel. (to detect frequency response, time delay, phase changes, etc.) At least one configured channel shortcut unit (8), caused by the communication channel to perform channel equalization in a way that will correct distortions At least one configured equalization unit (9), transmitted by a transmitter antenna (TX) 5 at least a system configured to determine the accuracy rate of bits in the transmitted signal. an LLR computing unit (10) and to correct errors that occur during transmission at least one channel code configured to perform channel decoding The subject of the invention is the mixer detection system (1) which includes the decoding unit (11). Block 10 relating to an implementation of a receiving terminal that enables its realization. The diagram is shown in Figure 1. The pilot decoding shown in Figure 1. unit (3), noise power estimation unit (4), first SNR estimation unit (5), second SNR estimation unit (6), mixer detection unit (7), channel estimation unit (8), performed by the equalization unit (9) and the LLR calculation unit (10) The processes involve each subset of a communication signal received by the receiving antennas (RX). This is done separately for each part. In addition, as shown in Figure 1 noise power estimation unit (4), first SNR estimation unit (5), second SNR Cutting unit (6) mixer detection unit (7) and channel cutting unit (8) The operations performed by each receiving antenna (RX) – transmitting antenna (TX) pair (In other words, it is performed separately for the (i, j) receiving lines). A 20 In practice, each of these units is a separate microprocessor. microcontrollers, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific Integrated circuits (ASICs) and digital signal processors (DSPs) are processors, or they combine these. There may be derivatives. In another application, the units in question have performed... At least some of the operations that occur are performed by a single microprocessor, microcontroller, 25 Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), digital signal processor (DSP), and other processors or their derivatives This is implemented by. In another application, these units are a single entity. microprocessor, microcontroller, field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), digital signal processor (DSP) such as a 30 This is implemented by the processor or its derivatives. In another application, the word... the subject units together with the control unit (2), pilot decoding unit (3), noise power estimation unit (4), first SNR estimation unit (5), second SNR estimation unit (6) and mixer detection unit (7) single microprocessor, microcontroller, in the field Programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), a processor such as a digital signal processor (DSP) or its derivatives 5 This is being realized. The units in question are known units in technology, and the invention... The subject is the first SNR estimation related to the SNR estimation used in the mixer detection method. with estimation unit (5), second SNR estimation unit (6) and mixer detection unit (7) By using these units together, the communication signal Its resistance to wireless channel conditions is being increased. 10 This invention also functions as a mixer, similar to any of the applications mentioned above. a receiver terminal containing the detection system (1) and at least one transmitter antenna (TX) It relates to a wireless communication system that includes a small number of transmitting terminals.

Claims

21 REQUESTS 1. A communication signal transmitted from at least one transmitting antenna (TX) must be received by at least one receiver. Reception by antenna (RX); referred to by at least one control unit (2) The subject is the division of a communication signal into multiple sub-parts; at least one of which is 5 Pilot decoding unit (3) found in the signals in question by the pilot decoding unit Detection of signals by at least one noise power estimation unit (4) located in the communication channel between the transmitting antenna (TX) and the receiving antenna (RX) Determining the power of the noise; a primary SNR for each separated sub-segment. Obtaining at least one first SNR value by the estimation unit (5) 10 wireless technology that includes steps and can operate at a low signal-to-noise ratio. high interference in communication systems and electronic warfare attacks It is a mixer detection method that allows for the detection of mixers, and its characteristic feature is; a second SNR estimation unit (6) is mentioned for each sub-part separated The subject is a second SNR value that differs from the first SNR estimate values. obtaining and differentiating by a mixer detection unit (7) the first SNR value and the second SNR value, which have these values, and this SNR a predetermined value to be used for comparison a mixer depending on a first threshold value (Γ) and a second threshold value (Γ). The detection process involves the following steps. 20 2. A mixing detection method similar to that in Claim 1, characterized by the fact that each separated sub-component first SNR estimation unit (5) and second SNR estimation unit (6) for the part first SNR estimation process and second SNR estimation performed by The process can be carried out using the equations given below, in order: 25 is the realization; 𝑆𝑁𝑅 ( , ) = ∑ ( , ) [ ,ℓ] , { ,ℓ}∈𝒫 − 22 𝑆𝑁𝑅 ( , ) = ⎣ | | ⎡ 1 N ∑ ℎ ( , )[𝑘, ℓ]{ ,ℓ}∈𝒫 𝜎 , ⎦ ⎥ ⎥ | - 1 N × B Here; i; ith receiver antenna (RX), 𝑗; 𝑗th transmission layer, 5 𝑆𝑁𝑅 ( , ); the first SNR value for the relevant (𝑖, 𝑗) pair, 𝑆𝑁𝑅 ( , ); the second SNR value for the relevant (𝑖, 𝑗) pair, 𝑘 and 𝑙 are pilot positions located in the respective sub-sections. P; sub-carrier-symbol pairs of pilots to be used for channel estimation. set, 10 ℎ ( , ) ; the channel coefficient estimated for the relevant (i, i) pair, 𝜎 , ; is the estimated noise variance for the relevant pair (𝑖, 𝑗), N; the number of pilots in the relevant sub-segment, B indicates a predetermined pilot boost amount.

3. A method for detecting confounders, such as in Claim 1 or 2, whose characteristic is; confounder step of performing the mixer detection procedure by the detection unit (7) Furthermore, the first SNR value obtained is a predetermined first threshold. Comparison of the value (Γ) with the first SNR value obtained beforehand If it has a value higher than the first defined threshold value (Γ), then it is a 20 It was determined that there was no exposure to the mixer, and the first SNR value was considered the final SNR. The value is determined as follows: if the first SNR value is higher than the first threshold value (Γ). If it has a lower SNR value, the second SNR value should be used beforehand. Comparison of the second defined threshold value (Γ) and if the second SNR value 25 has a value higher than the predetermined second threshold value (Γ). 23 However, it was determined that there was no exposure to a mixer, and the final second SNR value was obtained. Determining the SNR value; if the first SNR value is higher than the first threshold value (Γ) is lower and at the same time the second SNR value is also lower than the second threshold value. If (Γ) is lower, it is determined that there has been exposure to a mixer, and the final SNR is calculated accordingly. Determining a predetermined SNR value (SNR) as the value 5 and based on these mixer detection results, regarding the presence of a mixer This includes the sub-steps of organizing reliability metrics.

4. It is a mixer detection method like the one in Claim 3, and its characteristic is; mixer detection The final SNR value obtained by unit (7) is a channel estimation unit 10 (8) used by channel estimation and related communication channel The identification of information is communicated by a matching unit (9) Correcting the distortions caused by the channel, the reliability in question. Using its metrics, the transmitter is transmitted by an LLR computing unit (10). The logarithmic accuracy rate of the bits in the signal transmitted by the antenna (TX) is 15 detection and decoding by a channel decoding unit (11) the steps to correct errors that occur during transmission by performing the process It is the realization of.

5. A mixer detection method like the one in Claim 4, characterized by its ability to detect 20 particles exposed to the mixer. If it is determined that there is a thick LLR calculation unit (10) LLR calculation is performed by the transmitter antenna (TX) and transmitted by the transmitter antenna (TX). In the step of determining the logarithmic accuracy rate of the bits in the signal, This involves the step of resetting the logarithmic likelihood ratios to zero.

6. Wireless communication systems capable of operating at low signal-to-noise ratios. It enables the detection of high-level interference and electronic warfare attacks. a communication signal transmitted from at least one transmitting antenna (TX) at least one receiving antenna (RX) that enables the reception of the communication in question. A control configured to split the signal into multiple sub-segments. 30 unit (2); pilot signals found in the signals received by the receiving antenna (RX). 24 at least one pilot decoding unit configured to detect (3); transmitter antenna Noise present in the communication channel between the (TX) and receiving antenna (RX) at least one noise power estimator unit configured to detect its power (4); a first SNR estimation process for each sub-part separated a 5 is structured to obtain a first SNR value by performing this operation. containing the first SNR estimation unit (5) and the first SNR estimation process by performing a second SNR estimation process on each of them which are different, a second SNR a second SNR estimation unit (6) configured to obtain its value, The first SNR estimate and the second SNR have different values. 10 estimation results and to compare with these SNR estimation results a predetermined first threshold value (Γ) and a second to perform a mixer detection process depending on the threshold value (Γ). a configured mixer detection unit (7) characterized by a Mixer detection system (1).

7. At least one system configured to identify information relating to the communication channel. channel cutting unit (8), disruptions caused by communication channel to perform channel equalization in a way that will correct it At least one equalization unit (9) is configured by the transmitting antenna (TX). EN 20 is configured to determine the accuracy rate of the bits in the transmitted signal. a small LLR computing unit (10) and to correct errors that occur during transmission at least one configured to perform channel decoding in this way a channel decoding unit (11) as in Claim 6 Mixer detection system (1).

8. A receiver containing a jammer detection system (1) as in Claim 6 or 7. a terminal containing at least one transmitter terminal and at least one transmitter antenna (TX) a wireless communication system.