A method for producing immobilized microalgae cultures with micro-gas bubbles in water or wastewater treatment processes.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- TR202502117
- Authority / Receiving Office
- TR · TR
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-21
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
1 TARIFF MICRO GAS BUBBLE IMMOBILIZATION IN WATER OR WASTEWATER TREATMENT PROCESS METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF MICROALGAL CULTURE Technical Area 5 The invention is a micro-system for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water and wastewater treatment processes. It relates to the production method of immobilized algal cultures supported by gas bubbles. The microalgae culture (biomass) produced by the method described in the invention floats on the water surface. by ensuring it remains in a floating state, it receives the necessary light for photosynthesis and the water This allows for the efficient removal of nutrients within it. 10 Compared to traditional methods, the production method described in the invention reduces energy consumption and While reducing operating costs, the biomass produced after treatment can be harvested for energy. or makes it possible to use it as a raw material for other products. The invention, reducing the environmental impact of wastewater and a more sustainable treatment process It aims to present. 15 State of the Art Water pollution results from the physical, chemical, or biological contamination of water sources. It occurs due to the degradation of natural features. The damage it causes to the environment. among them the destruction of ecosystems, the extinction of aquatic life, agriculture and industrial 20 deterioration in the quality of water used in activities and threat to human health The emergence of these situations is among the structures that cause water pollution. industrial facilities, agricultural areas, domestic wastewater systems, mining operations, and energy Power plants are located there. Wastewater is polluted as a result of various human activities and natural processes. These are defined as waters that must be treated before being released into the environment. These waters are 25 It occurs in domestic, industrial, agricultural, or urban areas. For example, dirty water from homes, chemicals released from factories, and those used in agriculture Water resulting from the washing away of pesticides is considered within this scope. Water treatment methods fall into three main categories: physical, chemical, and biological. 30 They are separated. Physical methods are used to separate large solid particles from water. This includes processes such as sieves, sedimentation tanks, and filtration. Chemical methods such as pH adjustment, coagulation, flocculation, chlorination and ozonation 2 These processes aim to remove harmful substances from the water. Biological methods, on the other hand, It involves the breakdown of organic pollutants with the help of microorganisms, and Activated sludge systems or biological reactors are commonly used. However, these Each of these methods has its own shortcomings. Physical methods are only suitable for large-scale applications. While chemical methods can separate particles, they can be costly and have a negative impact on the environment. This can lead to the release of additional chemicals. Biological methods, on the other hand, are more serious. They may be insufficient for effectively purifying metals or toxic chemicals. The use of algae in water treatment methods, especially in biological treatment processes. They are attracting more and more attention. Algae remove pollutants from water through photosynthesis, 10 especially its capacity to purify water by absorbing nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates. It has. In addition, some types of algae can also trap heavy metals. However, these methods... Disadvantages include the continuous growth of algae and the need for control, large scale. There are management challenges in the applications and the inability to completely eliminate pollution. In addition, the organic matter released when the algae die can regenerate in the water. There is a risk of pollution. Therefore, algae-based treatment methods should be compared with other techniques. Using them together can yield more effective results. Shelknanloymilan and colleagues, who are involved in the known state of the art. The study showed that nitrogen and phosphate were removed from wastewater contaminated with synthetic and organic substances, 20 It investigates how it can be removed with the help of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. [1]. The mentioned study aimed to improve the biological treatment capacity of microalgae and Removal of ammonium and phosphorus ions from wastewater and support for microalgal growth. This study aims to examine the relationship between them. Observations made over 30 days in photobioreactors revealed that C. vulgaris was present in both 25 It is effective in removing nitrogen and phosphate from both synthetic and organic wastewater. This shows that, in particular, nitrogen and phosphate are removed more rapidly in synthetic wastewater. This process is reduced, but slower in wastewater contaminated with organic matter. This has occurred. Furthermore, algae have been observed in wastewater contaminated with organic matter. Its performance is lower compared to synthetic wastewater, and other elements in this process 30 it can have negative effects on other organisms and algae in such environments Factors such as whether it can be consumed by [the population] are included. In addition, the study only included 30 This study was conducted over a period of days, and more data on long-term effects and productivity will be obtained. 3 This has not been provided. In addition, the microalgae used can only be used under specific conditions. Its effectiveness can vary, and its efficiency may differ for different types of wastewater. Patent application number CN105174476A, which is included in the prior art, 5 by a granulation system containing a combination of effective sludge and microalgae for treatment. It is related to the system in question, which receives wastewater from both domestic and industrial sources. It is designed to effectively remove pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Additionally, The potential of microalgae in biofuel production and this system's role in renewable energy. Some information has been provided regarding its use in production. However, the document in question... It has some shortcomings. For example, the long-term 10 of the system in question... Detailed information regarding operational durability and routine maintenance requirements. It has not been presented. In addition, the document does not mention the by-products obtained after wastewater treatment. any analysis of quality standards and their economic value It is not available. System performance in the real world outside the laboratory. Data on how this will change under these conditions is also lacking. All these elements make the system's practicality 15 its reliability regarding its applicability and sustainability is questionable. It brings. The limitations and inadequacies of current technological solutions are that microalgae float in water. Additional devices or structures are required to enable it to be positioned in this way, and these structures must be 20 However, the maintenance challenges and complex preparation processes required, in a suspended state to prevent microalgae from entering water systems and to ensure their removal after treatment. For reasons such as the need for secondary treatment methods, there is a need for a [secondary] treatment method in this field. Improvements are needed. Brief Description and Objectives of the Invention The invention describes a microgas bubble system for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from water and wastewater. The method for producing immobilized algal cultures is described. The microalgae mentioned are: While using nitrogen and phosphorus as nutrients, it also provides energy and other industrial resources. It produces biomass that can be used for products. 30 immobilized algal biomass. and retention of light on the surface by micro gas bubbles, enabling light uptake for photosynthesis. while facilitating the rapid collection of biomass after the purification process This innovative method reduces energy consumption and costs while improving purification. It offers an environmentally friendly solution that improves performance. 4 The main purpose of the invention is to effectively remove nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants from water and wastewater. The aim is to ensure the removal of nitrogen from the microalgal culture produced by the method described in the invention. And thanks to its use of phosphorus as a nutrient, these substances are extracted from water through a natural process. is removed. Chemicals or other substances used in traditional purification methods are removed. Considering the energy and cost burden of biological processes, the method described in this invention is even more important. It offers an environmentally friendly and economical alternative. Simultaneous treatment in a single unit. Both nitrogen and phosphorus removal can be achieved. In particular, both nitrogen and phosphorus removal can be achieved. Removing ammonium in both its ammonium and nitrate forms increases the efficiency of this process and makes it more effective. It offers a wide range of applications. In addition, the treated water can be reused. Its potential is also being increased. 10 micro gas bubbles produced with the method described in the invention. The use of immobilized algal cultures reduces both energy consumption in water treatment. Moreover, operating costs are significantly reduced. Microalgae culture The oxygen it produces during photosynthetic activities is oxygen in biological processes. It helps reduce energy consumption by meeting the needs. Additionally, microalgae... Maintaining the culture in a floating form requires 15 hours of physical mixing and aeration equipment. This minimizes the need for further treatment. Thus, it provides a more economical and sustainable treatment process. The process is provided. Another purpose of the invention is to target microalgae that form after the water and wastewater treatment process. The goal is to ensure that its culture (biomass) is used as a valuable resource. 20 The microalgae biomass obtained by the production method described in this invention can be used as biofuel, fertilizer, as raw material in the production of animal feed and other biotechnological products. It can be evaluated, especially due to its high organic content and richness in nitrogen and phosphorus. This makes biomass an attractive resource for various industries. Thus, purification The process not only offers an environmental solution, but also provides economic added value. It is also possible to create value. This situation leads to innovations in wastewater treatment processes. It provides an approach. Another aim of the invention is to minimize the environmental impact of water and wastewater treatment processes. The aim is to reduce and ensure a low carbon footprint. 30 obtained with the method described in the invention. The microalgae culture used utilizes atmospheric carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. It reduces greenhouse gas emissions generated during biological treatment processes. Furthermore, the fact that this culture remains in a floating form increases the use of natural light, making it easier to access the outdoors. It reduces the need for energy input. The invention is not only useful for combating water pollution. not only does it contribute to the fight against climate change, but it also makes a significant contribution to combating climate change. It offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly technology. Another aim of the invention is to provide a more effective and practical water purification process. The microalgal culture produced by the method described in the invention is immobilized and kept in a floating form. 5 This ensures that the waste is retained, easily collected after treatment, and reused. This situation relates to the disposal of waste sludge, a common problem in traditional wastewater treatment methods. It eliminates these problems. In addition, the aforementioned microalgae culture has a stable consistency. Their use in the structure prevents them from dispersing in the water and enhances the purification process. This allows for more controlled management. In this way, especially 10 It increases operational efficiency in large-scale water treatment plants. Explanation of the Figures Figure 1: Set 15 forming immobilized algal globules with micro gas bubbles. Figure 2: Methods used to create immobilized algal globules with micro-gas bubbles experimental setup and procedure Figure 3: Immobilized microgas bubbles in conventional water / wastewater treatment plants. utilization of algal biomass Explanation of References in Figures 1. Suspended algal biomass transmission line 2. Gas-dissolved gel delivery line under pressure 3. Mixing zone 4. Outlet pipe 25 5. Micro gas bubble gel microalgae dropper 6. Microalgae spheres with micro-gas bubbles in immobilized form. 7. Crosslinking solution 8. Compressor that produces compressed gas. 9. Pressurized gas transmission line 30 10. Gel tank 11. Liquid / Gel conveying pumps 12. Mixer 13. Filtered air vent 6 14. Suspended algal biomass tank 15. Transmission line of micro gas bubble algae spheres in immobilized form. 16. Direction of movement of algal globules. 17. Separator 18. Collection bin 5 Detailed Description of the Invention The invention involves the use of microgas for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from water and wastewater. 10 by the method of producing immobilized microalgae cultures supported by bubbles This is related. The microalgae culture in question consumes nitrogen and phosphorus as nutrients while simultaneously... Over time, biomass production has become a valuable resource for energy and other products. This method involves creating microalgae cultures with microgas bubbles. by keeping it stable on the surface, allowing the necessary light for photosynthesis to be absorbed. and allows for easy separation after purification. 15 Microalgae for use in the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from water or wastewater. The method of producing culture; i. a gel formed by mixing a polymeric gel solution and suspended microalgae. Preparation of polymer-microalgae mixture in form, 20 ii. polymer-microalgae mixture with pressurized gas or gas mixture mixed and then transformed into droplet form with micro gas bubbles Obtaining microalgae culture drops in gel form, iii. Cross-section of microalgae culture drops obtained in step (ii) 25 iv. Mixing the microalgae culture drop with the cross-linking solution and immobilized microalgae spheres with micro gas bubbles through polymerization obtaining It includes the steps involved in the process. In one application of the method described in the invention, the aforementioned polymeric gel-form solution A polymer derived from monomeric structures containing sodium alginate, agar, agarose, sodium alginate, calcium alginate, carrageenan, acryamide, acrylonitrile, urethane, chitosan, poly 7 vinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) includes mixtures containing at least one of these. In one application of the method described in the invention, the aforementioned cross-linking solution To enable cross-linking of polymers within the solution in polymeric gel form. 5 calcium lactate is a cross-linking chemical containing a +2 charged calcium cation. Solution, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, glutaraldehyde, tannic acid, genipin, silica gel, mixtures containing at least one of activated carbon, polyurethane foam or polyethylene glycol It includes. The structures mentioned have support and load-bearing properties and are cross-linked. It enables the formation of bonds. In another application of the invention, 10 by pressure The solution, in the form of a polymeric gel with gas dissolved in it, is connected to the transmission line. It is transmitted to this point. Here, when it reaches atmospheric pressure, it contains microgases. Bubbles are beginning to form and are dripping in a cross shape in the Erlenmeyer flask below. It falls into the solution containing the binder by dripping. This is cross-linking. is happening. 15 Another application of the invention is the aforementioned polymeric gel-form solution of sodium. It contains alginate. In another application of the method described in the invention, the aforementioned gel-form polymer-20 To prepare the microalgae mixture, use a 1-5% by volume sodium alginate solution. Suspended microalgae in a 1:5-5:1 volume ratio of suspended microalgae:sodium alginate It is mixed in such a way that it forms a solution. In another application of the method described in the invention, the aforementioned microalgae Chlorella 25 It is a microalgae called vulgaris. In another application of the method described in the invention, the aforementioned gas mixture is reduced by volume. 0.5-35% carbon dioxide, 50-78% nitrogen, and 2-21% oxygen. It contains. The gas mixture in question may also contain other gases; because the gas mixture contains 30 Atmospheric air can also be used directly. However, in a gas mixture... As carbon dioxide levels increase, the ratios of oxygen and nitrogen gases can also change. In particular, the use of flue gas from an industry's chimney is also involved in this process. This could be the case. In that situation, the flue gas emissions in that sector may also change. 8 In another application of the method described in the invention, the aforementioned cross-linking solution is used. It is a crosslinking chemical solution containing a +2 charged calcium cation. In another application of the method described in the invention, the aforementioned cross-linking solution is used. Calcium lactate or its solution, calcium 5, as a cross-linking chemical agent. chloride, magnesium chloride, glutaraldehyde, tannic acid, genipin, silica gel, activated carbon, It is a solution containing at least one of either polyurethane foam or polyethylene glycol. These structures These are added to the solution as support and carrier materials. In another application of the method described in the invention, the aforementioned cross-linking solution 10 It is a solution of calcium lactate with a volumetric concentration of 0.5-10% by weight. In another application of the method described in the invention, the aforementioned gas in immobilized form... The gas / polymeric gel ratio in the bubbly microalgae sphere is 1 / 50-1 / 1 by volume. It is within the range of 15. The microalgal culture produced by the production method described in the invention is microalgae in polymeric gel form. and at least one immobilized form of gas-bubbling microalgae containing microgas bubbles. It contains a small sphere. Production of microalgal cultures for the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from water or wastewater. The method consists of four basic process steps. First, a polymeric gel in form Polymer-microalgae mixture in gel form by mixing suspended microalgae with the solution. is prepared. Then, this polymer-microalgae mixture is passed through a pressurized gas or It is mixed with a gas mixture and transformed into droplet form, creating micro gas bubbles. 25 A drop of microalgae culture in gel form is obtained. In the third step, the obtained... Microalgae culture drops are added to the cross-linking solution. Finally... Thus, the microalgae culture droplet is mixed with the cross-linking solution, polymerizes, and This process produces immobilized microalgae spheres containing microgas bubbles. These steps ensure the efficient production of microalgae culture and reduce the water volume by 30%. It makes it suitable for use in purification. Immobilized microalgae In order to obtain the culture, it is first necessary to prepare the gel polymer form. Polymeric gel solution: agar, agarose, sodium alginate, calcium alginate, sodium Polymers derived from monomeric structures containing alginate, carrageenan, acrylamine, acrylonitrile, 9 urethane or chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or containing at least one or both of the following: hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) mixtures and cross-linking of polymers in the solution in polymeric gel form calcium lactate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, to ensure binding, glutaraldehyde, tannic acid, genipin, silica gel, activated carbon, polyurethane foam or polyethylene 5 Mixtures containing at least one type of glycol, or at least two types, are used. These chemical compounds allow for rapid production and, after immobilization, are released into water. They form an insoluble compound, have a durable structure, and are toxic. such as not being present and being transparent enough to allow light to pass through, which is what algae need. They are preferred because of their properties. In one application of the invention, 10 of these materials are used. Sodium alginate is used at a concentration of 1-5% for the preparation of microalgal cultures. Microalgae culture suspended in sodium alginate solution at specific volume ratios They are mixed. Pure microalgae culture can be used as a microalgae culture, or... Multiple types of algae can also be used together; in one application of the invention. Chlorella vulgaris was used, but other suitable algae species can also be preferred. 15 The method described in the invention involves the production of immobilized algal spheres with micro gas bubbles. A batch reactor and Chlorella vulgaris algal culture are used. The invention applies to different pH levels. at these values, under 8, 12 and 24-hour light conditions, with different air flow rates and It is based on experimental studies conducted at standard room temperature. Initial 20 The removal rates at nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations are extremely high; It removes 95% of ammonium nitrogen, 80% of nitrate, and phosphate. 99% removal rate is achieved. The immobilization method used in the invention, microalgae culture (biomass) various polymer-structured compounds and gelling agents This allows for immobilization with chemicals. Immobilized microalgae biomass, 25 In this way, it maintains its vitality and has the capacity to reproduce within the immobilized structure. This structure also prevents algal biomass from mixing with wastewater. this prevents and thus facilitates the easy harvesting of algal biomass after treatment. This makes it possible. Micro-gas bubble immobilized algal biomass, in a single treatment. The unit enables the simultaneous removal of both nitrogen and phosphorus. (Source 30) The issue of nitrogen and phosphorus removal can be done from wastewater, as well as through a process involving waste. It is also applied to waters that do not originate as waste. Because, waters that are not in waste format It may also contain nitrogen and phosphorus structures, and in these cases, the invention... Thanks to this process, both nitrogen and phosphorus are removed from the water. Especially nitrogen. In its removal, microalgal cultures absorb both ammonium and nitrate forms of nitrogen species. It can easily draw nutrients from water / wastewater and both of these nitrogen types It can remove it quickly. Additionally, micro gas bubbles form a layer on the surface. Immobilized algal microorganisms are relatively present in wastewater after the biological treatment process. It can utilize the high CO2 ratio for photosynthetic needs, and thus biological 5 reducing greenhouse gas emissions that are heavily generated in wastewater treatment processes It is helpful. In addition, immobilized microalgae spheres in floating form, They are found floating on the surface in conventional circular cross-section treatment units. Therefore, it can be easily harvested with stripping equipment. Immobilized microalgae Because the culture is in the form of immobilized spheres with single micro gas bubbles, 10 When the stability of the sphere is disrupted during the purification period, it loses gas bubbles. and its density increases relative to wastewater, causing it to settle to the bottom. However, microgases... Even if the stability of algal biomass immobilized with bubbles is disrupted, microgas Because not all of its bubbles have disappeared, its density remains lower than that of water, and It can maintain its floating form. In addition, 15 can be optionally used in conventional treatment. immobilized algal biomass together with the bacterial microorganisms used It is also possible to use them. In this case, the oxygen that bacteria need is supplied by algae. While this can be partially met through photosynthesis, the amount produced by bacteria during the purification process... CO2 can be used for photosynthesis by immobilized algal biomass. The invention describes a microgas system that can be used for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from water and wastewater. immobilized algal culture containing bubbles, saturated with compressed air and microgas how to obtain it by creating bubbles and how to benefit from this process This is related to the micro-gas bubble structure of this immobilized algal culture, which causes the algae to interact with water or... while ensuring contact with wastewater, it facilitates the easy separation of algal biomass after treatment. This allows for the removal of algae from the water after treatment. No additional processing is required for its removal. Common in environmental engineering. such as dissolved air flotation (DAF) method used as pressurized gas Algal biomass is obtained through micro gas bubbles produced by the solubility method. It becomes less dense than water and remains suspended on the water's surface. This, Even in wastewaters with particularly high turbidity, algae can absorb the necessary light from the surface. It enables the acquisition of immobilized algae that have been formed into micro gas bubbles. Thanks to the culture, the algal biomass has a more stable structure and can remain on the surface for a longer period of time. can be created. 11 The production method of the microalgae culture in question is as follows: Mixture of suspended microalgae from the suspended algal biomass tank (14) Suspended algal biomass transmission line (1), 5 which enables delivery to the region (3). gas or gas mixture from gel tank (10) into mixing zone (3) Gas dissolved gel transmission line (2) which enables transmission by pressure, Gas-dissolved gel conveyance via suspended algal biomass conveyance line (1) under pressure polymer-microalgae in gel form located at the junction of the line (2) Mixing region where the mixture is mixed with gas or gas mixture (3), 10 located in the continuation of the mixing zone (3) and formed in the mixing zone (3) outlet pipe (4) through which the mixture is brought into droplet form, crosslinker into which the droplets formed in the outlet pipe (4) are dropped solution (7), crosslinker 15 into which the droplets formed in the outlet pipe (4) fall Mixer (12) for mixing the solution (7), Compressor that produces compressed gas (8) and in the compressor that produces compressed gas (8) pressurized gas transmission line (9) that carries the produced gas to the gel tank (10), Suspended algal biomass conveying line (1) and gas dissolved gel conveying under pressure Liquid / gel conveying pumps (11) located between line (2) and mixing zone (3), 20 Filtered air valve (13) that supplies air to the suspended algal biomass tank (14) A system that includes these elements can be implemented. Microalgae for use in the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from water or wastewater. an application of the production method of its culture; i. a gel formed by mixing a polymeric gel solution and suspended microalgae. Preparation of polymer-microalgae mixture in the form of, ii. Transfer of suspended algal biomass to polymer-microalgae mixture in gel form 30 conveying from line (1) to mixing zone (3), iii. gas or gas from the gas-dissolved gel transmission line (2) under pressure polymer-microalgae in gel form mixed with the mixture in the mixing area (3) 12 the mixture is converted into droplet form in the outlet tube (4) and gel Obtaining micro gas bubble gel microalgae droplet (5) in the form of, iv. micro gas bubble gel microalgae droplet (5) crosslinking solution (7) microgas in immobilized form by mixing and polymerizing. Obtaining bubbly microalgae spheres (6) 5 It includes the steps involved in the process. The invention describes a method for producing immobilized microalgae cultures with microgas bubbles. It explains that the production method of the microalgae culture in question involves 10 different components. This can be achieved with a system consisting of a combination of suspended algal biomass. It conveys from the tank (14) to the mixing area (3) via a transmission line (1). The same In the figure, the gas or gas mixture coming from the gel tank (10) is dissolved under pressure into gel. The transmission line (2) reaches the mixing zone (3). These two transmission lines connect the mixing zone. In the region (3), the polymer-microalgae mixture in gel form combines with gas 15 It ensures that the mixture is mixed. In the continuation of the mixing area (3), this mixture exits. It is brought into droplet form by the tube (4). The droplets formed in the outlet tube (4), crosslinking solution (7) is added dropwise and this solution is mixed A mixer (12) is used. The compressor (8) that produces pressurized gas, feeds the gas into the gel tank (10). It carries and transports this gas through a pressurized gas transmission line (9). In addition, suspended 20 between the algal biomass conveying line (1) and the gas dissolved gel conveying line (2) under pressure Liquid / gel delivery pumps (11) located on site provide the flow of these components. Suspended A filtered air valve (13) is used to supply air to the algal biomass tank (14). The production of microalgae cultures can be achieved through the combination of these elements. Suspended microalgae biomass from tank (14), suspended algal biomass conveying line (1) and is conveyed to the mixing area (3) by liquid / gel conveying pumps (11). Here gas produced by compressor (8) reaching a pressure between 1-10 bar It is pressurized. Atmospheric air can be used directly as the gas, or a gas mixture containing carbon dioxide or, optionally, nitrogen gas 30 A mixture can also be used. In this gas mixture, the carbon dioxide concentration is 0.5-10% v / v. It has a value between. The pressurized gas comes to the gel tank (10) where it dissolves. The process begins. The gas dissolves in a process that takes between 1 and 60 minutes. Flow rates of suspended microalgal biomass and gas-soluble gel mixture, 13 It varies depending on the pipe diameter and the gas-gel ratio. Mixed with pressurized gas. After the microalgae gel liquid combines, the liquid is heated to atmospheric pressure. The dissolved gas mass inside forms micro gas bubbles. These micro gas bubble sizes, type and quantity of algal biomass, applied pressure, The variation depends on factors such as the density and viscosity of the suspension. 5 It can be demonstrated. The invention involves silicone tubes (components 1 and 2) and a mixture. (3) Y or T type pipe connection devices are used as the region. Subject of the invention All materials used in the system employed in the production method are biocompatible; and It is sterilizable for the production of pure algal cultures. Suspended microalgae. To balance the negative pressure created when biomass is fed into the system, 10 The suspended microalgae tank has a filtered air valve (13). In the mixing area (3) both liquids are delivered in the desired ratios using liquid / gel delivery pumps (11). It is transferred. In the mixing zone (3), gas is transferred with suspended algal biomass under pressure. The dissolved gel mixture is mixed homogeneously. The exit of this area... The diameter of the tube (4) is between 1-10 mm. The dissolved gases here are supersaturated 15 It dissolves and forms micro gas bubbles; these micro The bubbles are converted into the form of micro gas bubble gel microalgae droplets (5). The resulting micro gas bubble gel microalgae droplet (5) turns into a spherical form and bottom It is dripping into the crosslinking solution (7) in the part. Crosslinking solution (7) inside, the micro-gas bubble algal biomass is homogeneously formed, 20 The mixer (12) is operated between 100-500 rpm to polymerize the solution. Homogeneous distribution of chemicals is ensured. In one application of the invention... Calcium chloride (0.5-20% m / v) solution was used, similar to calcium lactate. Chemical solutions can also be used. As a result, crosslinking solution (7) Algal biomass with polymerized microgas bubbles, microgas in immobilized form 25 They are obtained as bubbly microalgal spheres (6). These micro gas bubbly algae The microspheres, due to the micro-gas sacs they contain, have a density that is different from that of water or wastewater. This ensures that its density is lower than its normal density, thus allowing it to float. They are able to remain. This feature is essential for photosynthesis, which is required by algal biomass. It allows light to be absorbed from the surface. The invention concerns 30 micro gas bubbles. Production method of immobilized microalgae culture in conventional water / wastewater treatment It can be used for nitrogen and phosphorus removal in wastewater treatment plants. Figure 3 shows a typical wastewater treatment plant. In the wastewater treatment plant, this is in the secondary sedimentation tank used after the activated sludge process. An example of the application is shown. Micro gas bubbles in the produced immobilized form. 14 microalgae spheres (6), microalgae spheres with micro gas bubbles in immobilized form It is conveyed to the suspended algal biomass tank (14) via the transmission line (15) and with wastewater They merge. In the middle of the tank (14), microalgae globules flow outwards by radial flow. It is moving (16). The hydraulic retention time in the tank depends on the algae removal rates. According to the appropriate amount of immobilized micro gas bubble microalgae spheres 5 (6) ensures that the algae accumulate on the surface. In facilities that will operate continuously, added algae The globules are in a new form and initiate nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The algal population, Increasing in the outer section of the sedimentation tank, it significantly reduces nitrogen and phosphorus in the water / wastewater. It removes aged algae spheres into the separators (17) on the outside of the tank. It is harvested with the collection chamber (18) placed in it. Thus, algal biomass, 10 It is removed from water / wastewater. The harvested material is in immobilized form with micro-gas bubbles. microalgal globules (6) are rich in high organic content and nitrogen-phosphorus. It can be used as a raw material in various sectors. This purification technique is used in many It can be easily adapted to different treatment units. For example, the activated sludge unit. It can be used on the upper surface and carbon 15 released in biological treatment with activated sludge. It enables the retention of dioxide (CO2) on the surface. Additionally, the membrane... This system is also used in bioreactors to prevent membrane fouling. It can be provided. 25 REFERENCES [1] Shelknanloymilan L, Atıcı T, Obal O. “Removal of nitrogen and phosphate by using Choleralla vulgaris on synthetic and organic materials waste water". Biological Diversity and Conservation, 5 / 2 (2012) 89-94. 10 20 30
Claims
16 REQUESTS 1. For use in the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from water or wastewater. It is a method of producing microalgae cultures and its characteristic feature is; i. a gel formed by mixing a polymeric gel solution and suspended microalgae. 5 Preparation of polymer-microalgae mixture in the form of, ii. polymer-microalgae mixture with pressurized gas or gas mixture by mixing and then converting it into droplet form, microgas Obtaining microalgae culture drops in the form of a bubbly gel, iii. The microalgae culture drops obtained in step (ii) are 10 by dropping it into the crosslinking solution, iv. Mixing the microalgae culture drop with the cross-linking solution and microalgae with microgas bubbles in immobilized form through polymerization obtaining the sphere It includes the steps of the process. 15 2. A method for producing a microalgal culture according to claim 1, and its characteristics are: i. a gel formed by mixing a polymeric gel solution and suspended microalgae. Preparation of polymer-microalgae mixture in the form of, ii. Transfer of suspended algal biomass in a polymer-microalgae mixture in gel form conveying from line (1) to mixing zone (3), 20 iii. gas or gas from the gas-dissolved gel transmission line (2) under pressure polymer-microalgae in gel form mixed with the mixture in the mixing area (3) the mixture is converted into droplet form in the outlet tube (4) and gel Obtaining micro gas bubble gel microalgae droplet (5) in the form of, iv. micro gas bubble gel microalgae drop (5) crosslinking solution 25 Microgas in immobilized form by mixing and polymerizing with (7). Obtaining bubbly microalgae spheres (6) It includes the steps of the process.
3. A method for producing a microalgal culture according to claim 1 or 2, and its characteristics are as follows: The polymeric gel-form solution consists of monomeric structures containing sodium alginate. a derived polymer, agar, agarose, sodium alginate, calcium alginate, carrageenan, acryamide, acrylonitrile, urethane, chitosan, poly vinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, sodium containing at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) It contains mixtures. 17 4. A method for producing a microalgal culture according to claim 1 or 2, and its characteristic is; mentioned above the crosslinking solution passes through the polymeric gel form in the solution Calcium lactate, with a +2 charge, is used to facilitate the cross-linking of polymers. a crosslinking chemical solution containing calcium cation, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, glutaraldehyde, tannic acid, genipin, silica gel, activated carbon, 5 It contains mixtures that include at least one of either polyurethane foam or polyethylene glycol.
5. A method for producing a microalgal culture according to claim 1 or 2, and its characteristics are as follows: The polymeric gel-form solution contains sodium alginate.
6. The method of producing a microalgal culture according to claim 1 or 2, and its characteristics are mentioned. To prepare the polymer-microalgae mixture in gel form, 10% by volume of 1-5% is used. Microalgae suspended in sodium alginate solution at a volume ratio of 1:5-5:
1. The suspended microalgae should be mixed to form a sodium alginate solution.
7. A method for producing a microalgal culture according to claim 1 or 2, the characteristic of which is mentioned. The microalgae that passed through was Chlorella vulgaris.
8. A method for producing a microalgal culture according to claim 1 or 2, the characteristic of which is mentioned in 15. The gas mixture passing through contains 0.5-35% carbon dioxide by volume, and 50-78% by volume. It contains nitrogen and 2-21% oxygen.
9. According to claim 8, it is a method of producing a microalgal culture, and its characteristic is the aforementioned The gas mixture contains 0.5-10% carbon dioxide by volume.
10. A method for producing a microalgal culture according to claim 1 or 2, the characteristic of which is mentioned in 20. the crosslinking solution passed through the crosslinker contains a +2 charged calcium cation. It is a chemical solution.
11. A method for producing a microalgal culture according to claim 1 or 2, and its characteristics are as follows: the crosslinking solution used calcium as the crosslinking chemical agent lactate or its solution, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, glutaraldehyde, 25 tannic acid, genipin, silica gel, activated carbon, polyurethane foam or polyethylene glycol It must contain at least one of them.
12. The method of producing a microalgal culture according to claim 1 or 2, and its characteristics are mentioned. The cross-linking solution used contained 0.5-10% by weight of calcium lactate. It is a solution with a ratio of 30.
13. A method for producing a microalgal culture according to claim 1 or 2, and its characteristic is; mentioned above gas / polymeric gel in gas-bubble microalgae spheres in immobilized form The ratio by volume should be between 1 / 50 and 1 / 1.
14. Microalgal culture produced by a method according to claim 1 or 2. 18 15. A microalgal culture according to claim 14, characterized by; microalgae in polymeric gel form and At least one immobilized form of gas-bubbling microalgae containing microgas bubbles It contains a small sphere. 10 20 30