Lightweight building panel made of hemp-perlite, compliant with TS 825, fireproof, heat-insulating and waterproof.

Abstract

This utility model application relates to a natural-based, non-combustible, heat-insulating, and water-resistant building panel. The panel can be produced using natural and technical additives such as hemp waste, gypsum, perlite, glass fiber, boron mineral, and expandable graphite. The production process is carried out using a low-temperature curing method, aiming for insulation values ​​compliant with the TS 825 standard. Furthermore, the panel production is designed to prioritize environmental sustainability based on the principle of zero waste.

Description

1 TARIFF TS 825 COMPLIANT, FIREPROOF, HEAT-INSULATED AND WATER-RESISTANT HEMP. PERLITE-BASED LIGHTWEIGHT BUILDING PANEL Technical Field Section of the Invention This invention utilizes natural-based materials for building materials, thermal and fire insulation. It relates to lightweight building panels. Especially in interior spaces for partition walls, ceilings and plaster underlayment. Sustainable and high-performance panel production technology for applications. It is included. 10 Purpose of the Invention Section The main purpose of this invention is to provide thermal insulation values ​​that comply with the TS 825 standard (λ ≈ (0.038 – 0.040 W / mK), water-resistant, environmentally friendly, capable of achieving A2 class fire resistance. environmentally friendly (low carbon footprint, natural raw materials), impact-resistant 15 a composite building panel that is durable and lighter than existing building panels It is about developing. State of the Art and Issues Section Currently, gypsum-based panels used in the construction industry are generally a good 20 While it offers surface quality, it is not water-resistant and is easily damaged by impacts. They are susceptible to breakage. Thermal insulation values ​​alone may be insufficient to meet the TS 825 standards. Although polystyrene-based (EPS / XPS) insulation boards are lightweight and provide good insulation, they are flammable and Their mechanical strength is low. Mineral wools, such as rock wool, offer good fire resistance and insulation. However, it is relatively heavy, dusty, and can cause itching on the skin during application. These are materials. These conditions mean that the market offers materials that are lightweight, durable, fire-resistant, and waterproof. new generation building panels that are resistant, environmentally friendly and provide good thermal insulation It reveals the need. Description of the Invention (Technical Details) Section 30 2 This invention is a composite structure developed to meet the stated needs. It is a panel. Panel Composition: The panel is essentially obtained by mixing the following components in specific proportions: - Hemp waste: Approximately 40% by weight is used. It forms the main filler and carrier of the panel. It is a component whose porous structure contributes to lightness and heat / sound insulation. 35 - Natural Gypsum (Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate): Used at approximately 20% by weight. Mixed with water. It reacts (hydrates) to provide the panel's bonding, hardening, and surface properties. It ensures its smoothness. - Perlite (Expanded): Used at approximately 15% by weight. Inorganic, volcanic. This material, originating from [source name], reduces the panel's weight due to its low density and its porous structure, allowing for 40% [weight / visibility]. It helps to improve heat / sound insulation. - Glass Fiber (Chopped): Used at approximately 10% by weight. The panel's matrix structure... By dispersing within, it provides tensile strength, bending strength, and especially resistance to impact. It increases its resistance and reduces the risk of cracking. - Boron-based flame retardant (e.g., borax, ulexite): Used at approximately 5% by weight. 45 The material burns by reacting with heat or vitrifying during a fire. It delays the process and contributes to achieving the A2 class fire resistance target. At the same time... It may exhibit antifungal properties. - Expandable Graphite: Used at approximately 3% by weight. Its volume increases at high temperatures. It expands and forms a protective char layer on the surface, reducing heat transfer by 50%. and by preventing oxygen from reaching inside, it provides a flame-retardant effect (especially boron). (synergistically with its compounds) increases it. - Water: Used at approximately 7% by weight. For the hydration (setting) of the plaster and It is necessary to ensure the workability of the mixture. 55 Production Process The production of the panel generally involves the following steps: Cutting hemp scrap into the appropriate size. bringing in and screening all dry solid components (hemp, gypsum, perlite, glass fiber, boron) Mixing the mineral (graphite) homogeneously in an industrial mixer; adding controlled pressure to the mixture. Add water and mix until a homogeneous, workable mortar is obtained. The process continues; the mortar is poured in a continuous line or into molds to the desired thickness. 3 (12.5 mm or 15 mm) thickness; optionally pressed under a specific pressure; panels under controlled conditions (preferably in the temperature range of 35–50°C) for a specific period of time (e.g. left to cure / dry for at least 24 hours; finally, the dried panels Cutting and packaging in standard sizes. 65 Panel Specifications: The key technical specifications targeted for the developed panel are as follows: - Standard Dimension: 1.20 m x 2.50 m - Thickness: 12.5 mm (or 15 mm) - Approximate Weight (for 12.5 mm): ~13.5 - 15 kg (Density ~400 kg / m³) 70 - Thermal Conductivity Coefficient (λ): ≤ ​​0.040 W / mK (compliant with TS 825) - Fire Class: A2-s1, d0 (targeted according to EN 13501-1 standard) - Water Resistance: Improved (especially with surface coating) - Impact Resistance: Improved (thanks to glass fiber reinforcement) 75 Surface Coating Description Section Both surfaces of the panel are coated with water-resistant material, commonly used in gypsum board production. It can be coated with specially impregnated paper layers. This coating process makes the panel... It increases surface strength, prevents fiber release, and is suitable for finishing coats such as paint and plaster. It ensures suitability for applications. Paper coating provides 80% impact resistance to the panel. It increases durability while also offering an aesthetically pleasing surface appearance. Industrial Application of the Invention / Sampling Section This structural panel, the subject of this invention, can be used in various applications in the construction industry. The main areas of use are: 85 - Used in interior spaces as an alternative to drywall for partition walls. - As thermal and fire insulation panels under plaster in walls and ceilings. - In suspended ceiling systems. - Especially suitable for hotels, schools, hospitals, and public buildings where fire resistance and thermal insulation are important. in structures like these. 90 Chemical Stability and Compatibility Division 4 - pH range: 7–8 (neutral – slightly basic) - Risk of chemical degradation: Low - Contact with water: Hemp fibers absorb moisture, but their structure is closed-cell. (With paper coating, 95 (resistance increases) - Heat resistance: High (targeting A2 class) - Toxicity: None - The content is environmentally friendly. - Flame retardancy: Achieved through the synergy of boron and graphite. 100 Figure Description / List of Reference Marks Section Figure 1: Appearance of the panel. 1. Top paper layer, 2. Hemp-Gypsum-Perlite core, 105 3. Bottom layer of paper.

Claims

REQUESTS 1. Invention; a flame-retardant, thermally insulating concealed structure based on hemp and perlite. It is a plate with the following characteristics: 40% hemp scrap filling by weight, 20% natural gypsum base. binder, 15% perlite lightening additive, 10% glass fiber reinforcement, 5% boron mineral flame a homogeneous 5-layer retarder consisting of 3% expandable graphite and 7% water. It has a structure and complies with the TS 825:2025 (Thermal Insulation Rules for Buildings) standard. It meets the criteria by providing a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.038 W / mK.

2. The under-plaster structural panel specified in Claim 1 is characterized by its perlite content. With its porous structure and the synergy of hemp waste fibers, it has an average yield of 400 kg / m³. It has a high density. 10 3. The under-plaster structural panel specified in Claim 1 is characterized by its boron mineral content. and thanks to the physical barrier formed by expandable graphite at high temperatures, A2 It has a class A non-combustible property and does not release any toxic gases. It contains components that do not perform the function.

4. The plaster-underlayment structural panel defined in Claim 1 is characterized by having both of its outer surfaces 15 protective layers consisting of a waterproof impregnated paper sheet It has a structure that contains

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