WEARABLE ANTENNA FOR INDOOR / OUTDOOR POSITIONING SYSTEMS.

Abstract

The invention relates to a lightweight, flexible and ergonomic wearable antenna (A) that can be adapted to clothing such as hats and caps, enabling personnel to track their location continuously in both indoor and outdoor areas.

Description

1 TARIFF WEARABLE ANTENNA FOR INDOOR / OUTDOOR POSITIONING SYSTEMS. TECHNICAL AREA 5 The invention enables continuous location tracking of personnel in both indoor and outdoor environments. lightweight, which can be adapted into garments such as hats and caps, enabling it to do so. It relates to a flexible and ergonomic wearable antenna system. PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE Today, with the advancement of technology, in the field of wearable technologies, Many alternative devices have emerged that can also be used as communication devices. The resulting devices can be used in wearable technology infrastructure. 15 Because it was designed for this purpose, it has limitations such as low power consumption and long operating time. Therefore, they can be produced with different hardware and software infrastructures. The relevant infrastructure... communication devices incorporating these structures, processing power required by military conditions, The hardware infrastructure, etc., cannot meet the resource requirements. Therefore, 20 In this situation, the number of devices that can be used is limited, even if desired. It may not be available. Also, due to the needs of the battlefield. Problems arise in the integration of any communication device into the system. It emerges that even all the requirements are met by the communication device. When studies are conducted on this topic, time losses occur in terms of projects. 25 It is possible to get out. In command and control systems, the communication between each element and the communication itself are crucial. Continuity is one of the most important issues. Wireless in a combat environment. Communication with communication units is interrupted for various reasons. 30 It can occur. These are the main reasons: 2 — Suppression applied by the enemy — Interference by the enemy — Due to the physical conditions of the environment, the communication device's RF reception is 5 loss of power The communication infrastructure should support different communication channels, especially. possible service interruptions due to the reasons mentioned above It prevents this. Furthermore, it adapts to needs that may develop over time. The time for integrating the newly added unit into the system will depend on the emerging need. This is becoming increasingly important. On the other hand, communication on the battlefield... The solution to be found to ensure continuity will be independent of the user. Ensuring this is also quite critical. The methods used in current technology involve suppression in the RF communication environment. Communication infrastructures due to interference or inadequate RF environment The service is interrupted. Users may find themselves helpless in such situations, or... He has to manually create his own solution. Current personal antenna systems are typically integrated into helmets or backpacks. They are used by personnel. However, because these systems are heavy, rigid and bulky, personnel It can restrict mobility and cause fatigue with prolonged use. In addition, due to their single-band operation, they can meet different communication needs. Multiple antennas may be required. 25 In addition, large and easily recognizable structures serve as camouflage for personnel. This can make things more difficult and risk operational safety, especially in confined spaces. RFID authentication and tracking are used in operations, while GPS is used in open areas. Ensuring positioning within the same system is possible with existing solutions. 30 It is not. 3 The invention eliminates these disadvantages with its lightweight and flexible structure, making it suitable for both interior and exterior use. It offers effective communication possibilities in outdoor environments. Its textile-based structure. Thanks to this, it creates an ergonomic and user-friendly alternative. Consequently, due to the aforementioned shortcomings and deficiencies, the relevant 5 The need for an innovation in the technical field has arisen. 4 THE PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION The overall purpose of the invention is to create a complete system that meets the requirements mentioned above. especially for personnel, eliminating disadvantages and bringing some additional advantages. It enables continuous location tracking both indoors and outdoors. 5 a lightweight, flexible and ergonomic material that can be adapted into garments such as hats and caps. It relates to wearable antenna systems. Due to the drawbacks of the previous technique, the invention, as described above, It aims to resolve the negative aspects. 10 The main purpose of the invention is to minimize the workload of personnel working in the field. The goal is to strengthen communication infrastructure and increase operational efficiency. Another important objective of the invention is that this antenna, which can be integrated with wearable technologies, 15 A reliable and durable solution optimized for long-term use in the field. It is to present. Another important objective of the invention is to make the materials used in the antenna lightweight and flexible. 20 textile-based dielectric layers and conductive fabrics that stand out with their structures It is the formation of. Another important objective of the invention is to ensure that the antenna is ergonomic while simultaneously by increasing flexibility and portability over time, it enhances the user's mobility. It offers the possibility of continuous communication without restrictions. 25 Another important purpose of the invention is that, thanks to its dual frequency band structure, it can be used both indoors and outdoors. and also to create a versatile communication infrastructure for outdoor use. Another important objective of the invention is to integrate RFID (915 MHz) and GPS (1.575 GHz) bands into 30... It is a dual-band microstrip patch antenna system that supports... Another important purpose of the invention is the RFID band, for short-range communication and identification. While used for verification processes, the GPS band allows personnel to be sensitive in open areas. By providing location information, it enables access to the location data of personnel. It fulfills all the purposes stated above and those that can be derived from the detailed explanation. 5 The invention enables the development of a wearable positioning system for indoor / outdoor use. It is related to the antenna. 6 DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the antenna, which is the subject of the invention. The antenna is made of textile. It consists of a conductive antenna structure placed on a substrate. It has a flexible structure due to its wearable nature. 5 Figure 2 shows the conductive ground surface, which is the subject of the invention. This layer is the antenna's It shows the conductive earth layer located on its lower surface. Electromagnetic to ensure that the waves propagate with a specific direction and the body and antenna It is used to reduce interaction between them. 10 Figure 3 shows the structure of the dielectric layer, which is the subject of the invention. In this layer, Two different patch antennas that support operation in RFID and GPS frequency bands. It has a structure. The hexagonal patch, optimized for RFID, has wide coverage. While providing the area, the dashed patch used for GPS, directional radiation pattern 15 It constitutes. Figure 4 shows the completed antenna, which is the subject of the invention. The antenna is flexible. Its lightweight design allows it to be integrated into military berets, and it also supports RFID. It is also designed to transmit GPS signals efficiently. 20 7 REFERENCE NUMBERS A. Anten 10. Ground level 5 20. Dielectric material 30. RFID patch antenna 40. GPS patch antenna 50. Short circuit element 60. RFID feed point 15 70th GPS feed point 8 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The overall purpose of the invention is to create a complete system that meets the requirements mentioned above. especially for personnel, eliminating disadvantages and bringing some additional advantages. It enables continuous location tracking both indoors and outdoors. 5 a lightweight, flexible and ergonomic material that can be adapted into garments such as hats and caps. It relates to wearable antenna systems. Due to the drawbacks of the previous technique, the invention, as described above, It aims to resolve the negative aspects. 10 The main purpose of the invention is to minimize the workload of personnel working in the field. The goal is to strengthen communication infrastructure and increase operational efficiency. The invention enables continuous location tracking of personnel in both indoor and outdoor environments. 15 lightweight, which can be adapted into garments such as hats and caps, enabling it to do so. It is a flexible and ergonomic wearable antenna (A), the feature of which is; — antenna (A) where the negative end of the power line is connected, electromagnetic directing the waves and the antenna (A) with the user body 20 soil plane which reduces interaction (10), — the propagation of electromagnetic waves and their resonance frequency dielectric material that enables determination (20), — carrying out communication and identity verification processes RFID patch antenna (30), 25 — enables the determination of location and the reception of navigation signals. GPS patch antenna (40), — the impedance matching of the antenna (A) and the electromagnetic current Short circuit element (50) that enables its redirection, — By connecting to the RFID antenna with power and a coaxial supply line, 30 enabling the transmission of electromagnetic signals RFID feed point (60), 9 — It operates by supplying power to the GPS antenna via a coaxial power supply method. GPS ensures the reliable routing of GPS signals. It is characterized by having a feeding point (70). Ground plane (10): Enables the direction of electromagnetic waves and human 5 It improves antenna (A) performance by reducing interaction with its body. At the same time It increases mechanical durability. The negative end of the antenna (A) supply is connected. Substrate and / or Dielectric Material (20): Mechanical support element of the antenna (A). It determines the propagation and resonance frequency of electromagnetic waves. Light and 10 Its flexible structure makes it suitable for wearable applications. RFID Patch Antenna (30): This is the antenna element (A) that operates in the 915 MHz RFID band. Used in short-range communication and authentication processes. Slotted It has a hexagonal structure. 15 GPS Patch Antenna (40): This is the antenna element (A) that operates in the 1.575 GHz GPS band. It enables the determination of location and the reception of navigation signals. (Dashed rectangle) It has a patch structure. Short Circuit Elements (50): To ensure the impedance matching of the antenna (A) and It is used to direct the electromagnetic current. To optimize the frequency response. It is strategically located for this purpose. RFID Feeding Point (60): 25 used to provide power to the RFID antenna It is the power supply point. It is connected via a coaxial power supply line to transmit the electromagnetic signal. It carries out the transmission. GPS Feeding Point (70): The feed used to provide power to the GPS antenna. This is the point. By operating with a coaxial power supply method, it ensures accurate GPS signals. It enables the system to be directed in this way. In Graph A, the feed impedance of the antenna (A) in the 915 MHz RFID band is shown. Its characteristic is given. When the graph is examined, it can be seen that the supply impedance (A) of the antenna is It appears to be set to approximately 50 Ω. This value is for the RFID communication antenna (A). by providing optimal compatibility with their systems, it minimizes signal losses. It shows. 5 Figure A. Supply impedance of RFID antenna (A). In Graph B, the feed impedance of the antenna (A) in the 1.575 GHz GPS band is shown. Its characteristics are presented. The antenna (A) has a 10Ω of around 50Ω in the GPS band. It has been observed to have a certain impedance. This compatibility is high with GPS systems. It prevents losses by promoting efficient work. Figure B. Supply impedance of GPS antenna (A). In Graph C, the return loss (S₁₁) of the antenna (A) in the 915 MHz RFID band is shown. The values ​​are presented. The maximum return loss was measured as -14.80 dB. 11 This value indicates that the antenna (A) operates with low loss and high efficiency. It shows. Figure C. S11 characteristic of RFID antenna (A) around normalized frequency. In Graph C, the return loss (S₂₂) of the antenna (A) in the 1.575 GHz GPS band is shown. The graph is shown. When the graph is examined, it can be seen that the antenna (A) is 1.515 GHz - 1.635 GHz. It appears to have a return loss of less than -10 dB in that range. The maximum return loss was measured as -19.06 dB, in GPS communication. It offers ideal performance for 10. Figure C. S11 characteristic of GPS antenna (A) around normalized frequency. 20 12 In Figure D, the radiation of the RFID antenna (A) in the E-plane at normalized mid-frequency is shown. The pattern is presented. Antenna (A) has an omnidirectional radiation pattern. It exhibits side lobe levels of -1.6 dB, with wide coverage. It provides the following: Main lobe direction θ = 72°, 3 dB angular width 111.7°. It has been measured. 5 Figure D. Normalized mid-frequency value of the RFID antenna (A) in the E-plane. earnings graph 15 13 In Graph E, the radiation pattern of the GPS antenna (A) in the E-plane at 1.575 GHz is shown. Antenna (A) produces a directional radiation pattern with a gain of 9.31 dBi. The main lobe direction was measured as θ = 3°, with a 3 dB angular width of 63.2°. Graph E shows the GPS antenna (A) in the E-plane at its normalized mid-frequency value. earnings graph 15 14 In Figure F, the radiation in the H-plane (A) of the antenna operating in the 915 MHz RFID band. The pattern is given. The main lobe direction is θ = 124°, and the angular width of 3 dB is 133.6°. It has been measured. The non-directional structure of the antenna (A) ensures that RFID signals are distributed equally to the environment. It ensures its spread in this way. 5 Figure F. RFID antenna (A) in the H-plane at normalized mid-frequency value. earnings graph 15 In Graph G, the radiation pattern of the GPS antenna (A) in the H-plane at 1.575 GHz. It is shown that the main lobe direction is θ = 3°, the 3 dB angular width is 64.9°, and the lateral lobe level is... It was measured as -18.9 dB. Graph G. GPS antenna (A) in the H-plane at normalized mid-frequency value. earnings graph 15 16 In Figure H, the radiation in the plane perpendicular to the maximum radiation direction of the RFID antenna (A). The pattern is presented. The radiation of antenna (A) is omnidirectional in character. Figure H. 5 perpendicular to the maximum propagation direction of the RFID antenna (A) at the normalized mid-frequency. gain graph in the plane 15 17 In Figure I, the radiation in the plane perpendicular to the maximum radiation direction of the GPS antenna (A) is shown. The pattern is given. The main lobe gain of the antenna (A) is 6.18 dBi, and it is used for GPS communication. It provides directional radiation. Figure I. 5 perpendicular to the maximum propagation direction of the GPS antenna (A) at the normalized mid-frequency. gain graph in the plane Advantages provided by the invention: — This antenna (A), which can be integrated with wearable technologies, is in the field 10 Optimized for long-term use, it is reliable and durable. It offers a solution. — The materials used in the antenna (A) are lightweight and flexible. 15 remarkable textile-based dielectric layers and conductive fabrics It is the formation of. 18 — ensuring the antenna (A) is ergonomic while also being flexible and by increasing portability, it enhances the user's mobility. It offers the possibility of continuous communication without restrictions. — thanks to its dual frequency band structure, it is suitable for both indoor and outdoor use. a versatile communication infrastructure for space utilization to create. — Dual support for RFID (915 MHz) and GPS (1.575 GHz) bands. It is a band microstrip patch antenna (A) system. 10 — RFID band, short-range communication and authentication. While used for operations, the GPS band allows personnel to be monitored in open areas. By providing precise location information, it provides access to personnel's location data. It is to ensure accessibility. 15 To fulfill all the purposes stated above and those that can be derived from the detailed explanation. The invention enables the development of a wearable positioning system for indoor / outdoor use. It is related to antenna (A).

Claims

19 REQUESTS 1. Invention; continuous location tracking of personnel in both indoor and outdoor environments. enabling it, and which can be adapted into garments such as hats and caps, It is a lightweight, flexible and ergonomic wearable antenna (A), and its feature is; 5 — antenna (A) where the negative end of the power line is connected, electromagnetic directing the waves and the antenna (A) with the user body soil plane which reduces interaction (10), — the propagation of electromagnetic waves and the resonance frequency of 10 dielectric material that enables determination (20), — carrying out communication and identity verification processes RFID patch antenna (30), — enables the determination of location and the reception of navigation signals. GPS patch antenna (40), 15 — the impedance matching of the antenna (A) and the electromagnetic current Short circuit element (50) that enables its redirection, — By connecting to the RFID antenna with power and a coaxial supply line. enabling the transmission of electromagnetic signals RFID feed point (60), 20 — It operates by supplying power to the GPS antenna via a coaxial power supply method. GPS ensures the reliable routing of GPS signals. It is characterized by having a feeding point (70).

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