MICROCONTROLLER-BASED SMART ALARM AND NOTIFICATION UNIT THAT RAPIDLY IDENTIFIES THE SOURCE OF INTERRUPTION IN COMMUNICATION AND POWER INFRASTRUCTURES.

Abstract

This invention relates to microcontroller-based (Arduino Nano) intelligent alarm and notification systems that can quickly and accurately determine the source of power outages (whether it's the power supplier or the user line) in the fields of energy monitoring and outage analysis systems, electrical fault detection, intelligent alarm systems, and communication infrastructure management.

Description

1 TARIFF QUICKLY IDENTIFY THE SOURCE OF OUTAGES IN COMMUNICATION AND POWER INFRASTRUCTURES. EDEN MICROCONTROLLER-BASED SMART ALARM AND NOTIFICATION UNIT Technical Area This invention is used in energy monitoring and outage analysis systems, electrical fault detection, and smart alarms. In the fields of systems and communication infrastructure management, power outages quickly and accurately determine the source (power supplier or user line) Microcontroller-based (Arduino Nano) smart alarm and notification system capable of detecting 10 It is related to systems. State of the Art When current techniques are evaluated, they are used in industrial facilities, communication infrastructures, and In the event of power outages occurring in service provider systems, the outage lasts for 15 days. whether the problem originates from the energy supplier or the user line is often the issue. It cannot be detected. This situation makes it difficult for both energy distribution companies to detect faults. and it also requires system users to send separate technical teams, especially the shared lines of infrastructure providers such as Türk Telekom and Aras Elektrik It leads to a waste of time, labor, and resources in the regions where it is used. 20 Alarm devices used in current systems only provide a general warning about an outage. They are able to provide information but cannot identify the source of the interruption. Which institution intervened? The uncertainty about what should be done creates operational inefficiency; two should be deployed to the field. Sending teams from different institutions, especially in rural areas, both reduces the intervention time by 25 It both prolongs the process and increases costs. Furthermore, fault detection methods based on manual measurement and human interpretation are inaccurate. This can lead to misdiagnoses and incorrect interventions. Therefore, both energy... By analyzing signals from both the provider and the user side, the direction of the outage can be determined. A system that can detect this automatically is needed. 2 Description of the Invention This statement describes a system that quickly identifies the source of disruptions in communication and energy infrastructure. microcontroller-based smart alarm and notification unit better understands the subject. in order to facilitate understanding and without imposing any limiting effects It is explained. 5 The present invention satisfies the aforementioned requirements and eliminates all disadvantages. in communication and energy infrastructures that eliminate and provide some additional advantages Microcontroller-based intelligent alarm and notification that quickly identifies the source of the outage. It is related to unit 10. The primary purpose of the invention is to identify the source of the power outage (whether it is the power provider or the The goal is to automatically and accurately detect (user line) issues. Another purpose of the invention is to save time and labor by preventing unnecessary field visits. The goal is to reduce losses. Another aim of the invention is to increase operational efficiency by shortening the fault response time. to increase. Another aim of the invention is to provide secure and fast energy monitoring and communication infrastructures. and to offer an easily implementable solution. Another purpose of the invention is to automatically scan patient and blood bag barcodes. Reading the blood sample ensures that the correct blood is given to the correct patient. 25 The invention is within the scope of energy monitoring and outage analysis systems, particularly in industrial applications. the source of power outages in facilities, data centers and communication infrastructures automatically identifies and informs the relevant parties with audio and visual notifications, It is a microcontroller-based smart alarm and notification unit. 30 The invention, as it is preferred, addresses whether a power outage is caused by the energy provider or... It provides instant audible and visual warnings by determining whether the problem originates from the user line. It is a microcontroller-based alarm and notification device. 3 The invention, in its most preferred form, detects the direction of a power outage. It is a microcontroller-based alarm unit. The elements of the invention are as follows: 1. Arduino Nano (Microcontroller): 5 It is the heart of the invention. It analyzes the signals from the input and output terminals to generate energy. It determines in which direction the interruption occurred. It checks the alarm system and relays. The system algorithm works with software loaded onto the Arduino. 2. Relay Module (5V, dual output): It provides connection control between the power supply and the user line. Arduino 10 Based on the analysis results, it opens / closes the circuit and triggers the alarm system. Relay The energy direction cannot be distinguished without the module. 3. DC-DC Voltage Regulator (with Fan): By reducing the voltage entering the system from 9–48V to a safe 5V level, it protects the Arduino and It ensures that other modules operate without damage. To prevent overheating, 15 It has a fan-assisted design. 4. Audible Alarm (Piezo Buzzer): It emits a loud warning in case of interruptions. It draws the user's attention in a noticeable way. It provides information. It is critically important for occupational safety. 5. Illuminated Indicators (LED Module): 20 It visually displays the real-time power status of the input and output lines. Which The active line and the disconnected line can be monitored via LEDs. 6. Power Input and Terminal Connections: It ensures that the device's input and output connections are made correctly and securely. AC inputs / outputs and the DC power supply line are activated via these terminals. 25 It is the fundamental structure that increases the system's usability in the field. The invention's production method is described below. i. Component Procurement and Control: Arduino Nano, relay module, DC-DC voltage regulator, buzzer, LED indicators and 30 Connection terminals are supplied. Each component's operating voltage and connection pin configuration are specified. and checked for physical compatibility. ii. Circuit Board Design and Soldering: 4 A prototype circuit board is prepared by ensuring the proper placement of all components. The components are soldered using a soldering station at approximately 250–280 °C with a tolerance of ±5 °C. Soldering is done at high temperature. Relays and power inputs are soldered with high thermal resistance solder. It is fixed. iii. DC Input Adjustment and Voltage Regulation: 5 9–48V DC voltage from the power supply, fan-assisted DC-DC voltage regulator. With the help of a regulator, the voltage is reduced to 5V. Regulation has a tolerance of ±0.5V even under load. It is tested to ensure a stable output is obtained. iv. Arduino Programming and Commissioning: Arduino Nano can be configured with custom software (via the C / C++ based Arduino IDE) to create 10... It is programmed using system logic. After coding, the Arduino is powered on. An initial test is administered. v. Sensor Input / Output Connections and Relay Configuration: The input (supplier) and output (user) signals are connected to the relay module in the correct sequence. The relay outputs send data to the Arduino, enabling direction determination. The relay switching time is 15 seconds. The average response time is between 5 and 20 ms. vi. Alarm System Connection and Testing: The audible buzzer and LED indicators are connected to the Arduino output pins. Interruption By applying simulations, the system's audio and visual warnings are timed correctly. This is confirmed by its response time (≤1 sec). 20 vii. System Casing and Assembly: All circuit components are made of plastic or other materials that provide protection against external environmental influences. It is mounted inside a metal box. The ventilation opening of the fan regulator is preserved. Cable outlets are labeled appropriately. The invention has acceptable technical tolerances during production and operation. The limits of applicability are specified. Below, temperature is specified in accordance with the system. Measurements such as voltage, duration, and response time are given as ranges. The method of implementing the invention is presented below; 1. The device is removed from its box, and the mounting surface is determined. 2. The AC input lines from the power supply are connected to the “signal input” terminals. 3. AC lines going to the user side are connected to the “signal output” terminals. 5 4. The DC power supply (9–48 V) should only be connected as specified in the manual. 5. The Arduino system starts itself up and automatically performs power direction analysis. does. 6. When a power outage is detected, an audible (buzzer) and visual (LED) alarm is activated. 7. Optionally, a signal output can be provided to external alarm systems. 10 In the view given in Figure 1, the components are numbered from 1 to 14. It forms the functional structure of the system. In the system: The Power Input Terminal (1) is the input point where the external power connection is made. DC-DC Step-Down Regulator (2) reduces the high voltage to 5V, ensuring the system's safety. It enables the operation of the IRFZ44N MOSFET (3), signal processing and switching task. The Manual Control Button (4) takes over the system's initiation by the user or It enables testing. The resistor (5) is connected to the MOSFET gate terminals to signal. It contributes to its stability. The Arduino Nano Microcontroller (6) analyzes all components in the system. and performs control operations. Arduino Digital / Analog Input Pins (7), MOSFET and 20 It makes sensor connections. Arduino Digital PWM Outputs (8), buzzer, LED and sends signals to units such as relays. Piezo Buzzer (9) in case of power failure It gives an audible warning. PWM Controlled MOSFET Driver Line (10), from Arduino It transmits the signal to the MOSFETs. The IR Sensor / Signal Input Terminal (11) is located in the power line. It detects the presence of the signal. LED Indicators / Light Warning System (12), 25 of the power lines Technical Parameter Value Range Description Soldering Temperature 250–280 °C Safe mounting of circuit components to the PCB. It is ideal for soldering in this way. Input Voltage (DC) 9–48 V DC-DC regulator stable 5V within this range. It gives an output. Output Voltage (Post-regulator) 4.8–5.2 V is safe for Arduino and other modules. The recommended range for its operation. Relay Response Time: 5–20 ms. The relay's response time to the signal and... on / off time. Arduino Work Temperature For industrial-grade environments between 0–50 °C. That's enough. Alarm Response Time ≤1 second. Buzzer and LED activate after power outage. activation time. Circuit Test Time (initial calibration) 10–30 minutes for system accuracy during initial setup. recommended test duration. Wiring tolerance ±2 cm connection. length Short circuit and voltage drop maximum proposed to block tolerance. 6 It visually expresses the condition of the grounding connection (13), the system is safe. It provides grounding for operation. The Power Output Terminal (14) is located at the system output. It transmits energy to the external circuit to which it is connected. via IR sensor / signal inputs (9) The system detects interruptions in power lines.

Claims

7 REQUESTS 1. The invention relates to energy monitoring and outage analysis systems, in particular. electricity in industrial facilities, data centers and communication infrastructures It automatically identifies the source of outages and provides audible and visual notifications. 5 Microcontroller-based smart alarm and notification system that informs relevant parties. It is a unit whose features include: at least two AC signal inputs (supplier line), at least two AC Signal output (user line), a DC power input (9–48 V DC), DC-DC stepper with fan. down-voltage regulator (suitable for 9–48 V input and providing ~5 V output), for Arduino Nano microcontroller, IR sensor / signal input units, IRFZ44N MOSFET and 10 PWM controlled MOSFET driver line, 5V dual output relay module, piezo buzzer (audible alarm), LED indicators (light warning), grounding connection and Containing terminal blocks; the device is powered by an Arduino Nano from two power lines. By continuously monitoring incoming signals, the direction of the interrupted line (input / output provider / user) automatic detection, detection result 15 with at least one audible (buzzer) and at least one visual (LED) notification within a maximum of 1 second. and notify the user and / or technical personnel of the detected fault. transmitting the relevant relay / output signal to external alarm / monitoring systems It includes.

2. Compliant with Request 1, its features include: relay module with 5V power supply, dual output, and relay 20 The response time should be between 5 and 20 ms.

3. Compliant with Claim 1, its feature is; fan-assisted, accepting DC power input in the range of 9–48 V. It includes a DC-DC step-down regulator; the regulator output is stable in the range of 4.8–5.2 V. It is designed in such a way that it will be 4. Complies with claim 1, and its feature is that the control and analysis unit is Arduino Nano, 25 With the software uploaded to the Arduino (developed with Arduino IDE, based on C / C++) (program) performs energy aspect analysis.

5. Complies with Claim 1, its feature is; power line signal detection IR sensor / signal. input terminals, PWM controlled MOSFET driver line and IRFZ44N type MOSFET Includes; signal stability is improved by using gate resistors at the MOSFET gate terminals. 30 It is a verification. 8 6. Complies with Claim 1, and features include a piezo buzzer for audible notification and visual notification. It must include LED module(s) for notification and in case of alarm these units ≤1 s It is enabled within the structure.

7. Complies with Claim 1, and features include: 2 signal inputs (AC input — supplier line), It has 5 ports: 2 signal outputs (AC output — user line) and 1 DC power input. It includes a total of five connection points.

8. Complies with Claim 1, and its characteristic is; the connections (signals) used in the device. Even if the input / output is connected randomly, the device can automatically determine the direction. The system's design is based on a plug-and-play principle, ensuring ease of installation.

9. Complies with Claim 1, and its characteristic is that all circuit elements are plastic or metal. 10 mounted inside the housing, it controls the airflow of the fan regulator. It should have ventilation openings that will not obstruct the airflow.

10. Complies with Claim 1, and its characteristic is that the relay response time is suitable for the range of 5–20 ms; Circuit testing / initial calibration time recommended 10–30 minutes; wiring tolerance With a tolerance of ±2 cm, the Arduino will operate within a working temperature range of 0–50 °C. It is structured in this way.