AN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE ABSORBING MATERIAL AND A METHOD FOR ITS PREPARATION.

Abstract

The invention relates to a material, and in particular a polyaniline-based carbon composite with electromagnetic wave absorbing properties, which is conductive, lightweight, and carbonized, and a method for its preparation.

Description

AN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE ABSORBING MATERIAL AND ITS A METHOD FOR PREPARATION Technical Field to Which the Invention Relates The invention relates to a material, and specifically a conductor, that has electromagnetic wave absorbing properties. a polyaniline-based carbon material as a lightweight and carbonized composite and It relates to a method for preparing it. State of the Art Electromagnetic waves are encountered in almost every field of modern technology. It is emerging. From starlight to solar radiation, telecommunications Electromagnetic systems are used in many applications, from radar technologies to various other technologies. Waves are indispensable. However, electromagnetic waves are essential for electronics. can disrupt the operational functionality of devices and objects in military systems This can make it easier to detect by radar. Therefore, reducing electromagnetic radiation levels and improving object detectability The development of materials that reduce water loss has long been a top priority in the technical field. It has happened. In the current state of the art, electromagnetic wave absorbing materials are... metals, metal particles, ferrites, conductive polymers, and dielectric materials These materials are used because they can absorb electromagnetic energy. While possessing the necessary talent, it also comes with a number of significant disadvantages. Metals and ferrites are lightweight due to their high density and heaviness. While it becomes impractical in applications requiring portability, dielectric-based The materials do not have the desired effectiveness due to their low absorption capacities. This is not possible. Furthermore, the susceptibility of metals to corrosion and environmental conditions... Its indecisiveness also limits its practical use. In the current state of the art, electromagnetic wave absorbing materials are... limitations caused by the use of metal and similar materials In this context, conductive polymers, particularly polyaniline, are lighter, more flexible, and chemically more efficient. Due to their greater durability, they are used in the development of EMI-absorbing materials. It has become a preferred option. However, in current practices, polyaniline is usually the only one used. 1 not on its own, but together with various matrices, additives or filler systems. It has been used. Polyaniline is directly carbonized to produce a pure and compact EMI. Not being considered as an absorbent material, certain technical problems persist. This has led to... In current technology, polyaniline is used only as a coating or additive material. When used, absorption efficiency remains limited. Waves at high frequencies Absorption capacity decreases, the material alone does not provide the desired performance. Secondly, support matrices or additives are unable to provide this. Using it increases the weight of the material and eliminates the advantage of compactness. It removes it. Especially when produced with biocarbon or graphene-based matrices. In composites, the lightness advantage of polyaniline is lost, and material density becomes impractical. can reach levels that make its use difficult. Thirdly, composite The production processes of these systems are complex and costly. For example, biocarbons. preparation, functionalization of graphene or magnetic nanoparticles Multi-step processes like integration limit scalability and production. This reduces ease of use. Finally, multi-component structures improve environmental stability. It also carries problems such as humidity, temperature changes, or chemical interactions. Incompatibilities can arise between the components, which can cause the material to malfunction. This can lead to fluctuations in electromagnetic absorption performance. Therefore, in current technology, as an electromagnetic wave absorbing material The use of polyaniline is critical due to its high conductivity, light weight, ease of production, and stability. This leads to the requirements not being fully met. Electromagnetic wave absorbers in the state of the art. High density, heavy structure, susceptibility to corrosion, low absorption in materials. issues such as capacity, complexity in production processes, and environmental stability. Due to limitations; lightness, high conductivity, simplicity of production and stability. a new electromagnetic wave absorbing material that provides these properties together It has been deemed necessary to present this. 2 Brief Description and Objectives of the Invention The invention involves a material, and specifically one with electromagnetic wave absorbing properties. a polyaniline-based carbon composite as a conductive, lightweight and carbonized composite The materials and a method for preparing them are described. The aim of the invention is to create an electromagnetic wave absorber based on carbonized polyaniline. The goal is to provide materials that offer lightness, conductivity, and thermal stability all in one. One advantage of the invention is that the carbonized polyaniline-based material supports the matrix. or it can be obtained directly without the use of additional additives. One advantage of the invention is that the carbonized polyaniline-based material is an alternative to conventional metal or It exhibits a lower density compared to ferrite-based absorbers, and therefore... Suitable for use in portable electronic devices and aviation applications. It is the fact that. One advantage of the invention is the high electrical conductivity of the carbonized polyaniline-based material. By combining conductivity and capacitive properties, it creates electromagnetic waves. It increases absorption efficiency. One advantage of the invention is that the carbonized polyaniline-based material is relatively simple and low-cost. The fact that they can be obtained through costly processes, and multi-component composite systems It offers an alternative to complex production processes. One advantage of the invention is the chemical resistance of the carbonized polyaniline-based material. Thanks to its environmental stability, it is corrosion-prone metal-based. It eliminates the limitations of absorbers. 3 Detailed Description of the Invention The invention relates to a material, and specifically a conductor, that has electromagnetic wave absorbing properties. a polyaniline-based carbon material as a lightweight and carbonized composite and It relates to a method for preparing it. The invention concerns a material with electromagnetic wave absorbing properties; • at least one carbon source that can be converted into a conductive carbon structure a type of polyaniline, • Pure and compact structure, polyaniline-based with at least one carbon skeleton, • to increase the absorption of electromagnetic waves, high electrical at least one sp² adapted to impart conductivity and capacitive properties hybridized carbon region and at least one aromatic conjugate structure, • To provide lightness and low density, and to increase portability, also the scattering and omnidirectional absorption of electromagnetic waves microporous carbon structure adapted for development, • Provides high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, environmental adapted to increase stability, in a polyaniline-based carbon structure at least one sp² hybridized carbon region and at least one nitrogen functional group It includes. The polyaniline-based carbon material described in the invention is a pure and compact material. By offering a carbon skeleton, compared to traditional metal or ferrite-based materials. Despite being lighter and lower in density, it emits high electromagnetic waves. It provides absorption capacity. The porous morphology and wide range of the material surface area, scattering and omnidirectional absorption of electromagnetic waves increasing; aromatic conjugated structures with sp² hybridized carbon regions, high by imparting electrical conductivity and capacitive properties, the wave absorption efficiency It enhances the graphitic structure of nitrogen functional groups and carbon. Thanks to its properties, the material has high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and It demonstrates environmental stability. 4 Preparation of the electromagnetic wave absorbing material that is the subject of the invention. method; i. aniline monomer in hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution dissolution, ii. ammonium persulfate (APS) powder in a separate HCl solution dissolution, iii. Adding the aniline-HCl solution drop by drop into the APS-HCl solution. polymerization by adding and mixing to be carried out, iv. the polyaniline formed as a result of polymerization from the solution separation, v. washing of separated polyaniline, vi. Drying the washed product, vii. Dried polyaniline powder in a nitrogen atmosphere carbonization, viii. Carbonized polyaniline is ground and made ready for use. bringing It includes the steps involved in the process. Hydrochloric acid (HCl), used in aniline polymerization, is both a component of the reaction. It acts as a catalyst and also produces electrical conductivity in the resulting polyaniline. This makes it a valuable material by increasing its yield. Therefore, polyaniline, Because it is used in a conductive form, it must be synthesized in an acidic environment such as HCl. is required. In one application of the invention, the electromagnetic wave absorbing property described in the invention is used. Method of preparing the material; i. aniline monomer in a 1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution dissolution, ii. ammonium persulfate (APS) powder in a separate HCl solution dissolution, iii. Adding the aniline-HCl solution drop by drop into the APS-HCl solution. he by adding and mixing at 2-10°C for 12-24 hours. polymerization is carried out in this way, iv. the polyaniline formed as a result of polymerization from the solution separation, v. Washing the separated polyaniline with ethyl alcohol and pure water, vi. Drying the washed product in an oven. vii. Carbonization of dried polyaniline powder in a nitrogen atmosphere carbonization in the furnace, viii. Carbonized polyaniline is ground and made ready for use. bringing It includes the steps involved in the process. he In step iii, the mixing process is carried out at 2-10°C. This is because aniline polymerization is carried out by cooling. It is a necessity. In one application of the invention, the electromagnetic wave absorbing property described in the invention is used. Method of preparing the material; i. aniline monomer in a 1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution dissolution, ii. ammonium persulfate (APS) powder in a separate HCl solution dissolution, iii. Adding the aniline-HCl solution drop by drop into the APS-HCl solution. he by adding and mixing at 2-10°C for 24 hours polymerization is carried out, iv. the polyaniline formed as a result of polymerization from the solution separation, v. Washing the separated polyaniline with ethyl alcohol and pure water, vi. Drying the washed product in an oven at 70–80°C. vii. Carbonization of dried polyaniline powder in a nitrogen atmosphere carbonization in the furnace, viii. Carbonized polyaniline is ground and made ready for use. bringing It includes the steps involved in the process. 6 In one application of the invention, in process step iii, the aniline is fully extracted. A 24-hour mixing process is applied to ensure proper fermentation. The simplicity of the method for preparing the material, multi-component composite. Compared to the complex production processes seen in systems, its scalability and low cost This brings with it costs. Performed in a hydrochloric acid environment. polymerization makes it possible to obtain pure polyaniline; then A pure, compact, and conductive carbon structure is obtained through the carbonization process. This method reduces both production time and processing costs. while reducing electromagnetic interference, thanks to its high conductivity and stable structural properties. This enables the production of a material with enhanced wave-absorbing efficiency. In realized examples of the invention, the method generally described above is applied. One or more of the steps may require specific conditions, such as temperature, time, or solvent. It can be limited by preferences. In this context, any step of the method, It can be narrowed down and described as a more specific application when appropriate. Thanks to the technical characteristics provided by the material and method that constitute the subject of the invention, the said The material can be applied in various uses and product forms. The material, portable electronics, especially where reducing electromagnetic interference is necessary. in devices, computers, communication systems, telecommunication equipment and It can be used in high-frequency circuits. Thanks to its light and compact structure. in the aerospace industry, in aircraft, satellites and unmanned aerial vehicles It can be applied as an electromagnetic wave absorbing layer or coating. Military applications. in technologies as radar absorbing material (stealth) or in communication They can function as barriers to ensure electromagnetic compatibility in systems. It also enhances electromagnetic compatibility in energy and power electronics systems. It can also be used as an additive. The polyaniline-based carbon material included in the invention is also, in terms of product form. It can be evaluated in different ways. The material can be obtained directly in powder form. Epoxy can be incorporated into adhesive, paint, or resin systems; coatings. It can be applied to surfaces by being used as a material in paint or varnish; They can be prepared in film, sheet or layer form by being integrated into polymer matrices; 7 also used in wearable technologies by being coated onto textile or fabric surfaces. Textile products that absorb electromagnetic waves can be provided. An invention can also be considered in the form of a kit or system. For example, powder for the application of electromagnetic wave absorbing material the material in the form is supplied together with suitable binders and an instruction manual. A coating kit can be prepared. Starting reagents for laboratory-scale synthesis. A preparation kit containing process instructions can be provided. Surface coating can also be done in this way. Kits in solution form can be commercialized for use in applications. Therefore, the polyaniline-based carbon material within the scope of this invention is only one. It can be used not only on its own; but also in coating, layer, film, powder, composite or kit form. However, the scope of the invention is not limited to these examples. 8

Claims

1. It is an electromagnetic wave absorbing material, and its characteristic is; • can be converted into a conductive carbon structure that functions as a carbon source at least one type of polyaniline, • Pure and compact structure, polyaniline-based with at least one carbon skeleton, • to increase the absorption of electromagnetic waves, high adapted to impart electrical conductivity and capacitive properties at least one sp² hybridized carbon region and at least one aromatic conjugate structure, • to provide lightness and low density properties, ensuring portability. to increase, as well as the scattering and omnidirectional effect of electromagnetic waves microporous carbon adapted to improve absorption structure, • to provide high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, Polyaniline-based carbon, adapted to enhance environmental stability. at least one sp² hybridized carbon region in the structure and at least one nitrogen functional group It includes.

2. Use of a material as a coating according to Claim 1.

3. Use of a material as an additive according to Claim 1.

4. Use of a material in electronic devices according to Claim 1.

5. Use of a material in the aerospace industry according to Claim 1.

6. This is a method for preparing an electromagnetic wave absorbing material. feature; i. aniline monomer in hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution dissolution, ii. a separate HCl solution of ammonium persulfate (APS) powder dissolving it in, iii. Adding aniline-HCl solution drop by drop into APS-HCl solution. polymerization by adding drops and mixing to be carried out, iv. the polyaniline formed as a result of polymerization from the solution separation, 9 v. washing of separated polyaniline, vi. Drying the washed product, vii. Dried polyaniline powder in a nitrogen atmosphere carbonization, viii. Carbonized polyaniline is ground and made ready for use. bringing It includes the steps of the process.

7. It is a preparation method according to claim 6, and its characteristic is; i. solution of aniline monomer in 1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) dissolving it in, ii. a separate HCl solution of ammonium persulfate (APS) powder dissolving it in, iii. Adding aniline-HCl solution drop by drop into APS-HCl solution. he Add drops and leave at 2-10°C for 12-24 hours. polymerization is carried out by mixing, iv. the polyaniline formed as a result of polymerization from the solution separation, v. Washing the separated polyaniline with ethyl alcohol and pure water, vi. Drying the washed product in an oven. vii. Dried polyaniline powder in a nitrogen atmosphere Carbonization in a carbonization furnace, viii. Carbonized polyaniline is ground and made ready for use. bringing It includes the steps of the process.

8. A preparation method according to any of claims 6-7, characterized by: i. solution of aniline monomer in 1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) dissolving it in, ii. a separate HCl solution of ammonium persulfate (APS) powder dissolving it in, iii. Adding aniline-HCl solution drop by drop into APS-HCl solution. he Add drops and leave at 2-10°C for 24 hours. polymerization by mixing to be carried out, iv. solution of polyaniline formed as a result of polymerization separation from within v. Washing the separated polyaniline with ethyl alcohol and pure water, vi. Drying the washed product in an oven at 70–80°C. vii. Dried polyaniline powder in a nitrogen atmosphere Carbonization in a carbonization furnace, viii. Carbonized polyaniline is ground and ready for use. to be made It includes the steps of the process.

9. Prepared by a method according to any of claims 6-8. An electromagnetic wave absorbing material.

10. Use of a material as a coating according to claim 9.

11. Use of a material as an additive according to claim 9.

12. Use of a material in electronic devices according to claim 9.

13. Use of a material in the aerospace industry according to Claim 9. 11