LIFE EXTENDER SOLUTION FOR END-OF-LIFE BATTERIES

Abstract

This invention describes a battery solution formulation aimed at increasing the economic lifespan and reliability of lead-acid batteries used in automotive applications. Specifically, it encompasses a solution that reduces performance degradation, improves charge-discharge behavior, and extends effective service life without altering the existing electrochemical and mechanical structure of batteries that have reached or are nearing the end of their service life. This invention is applicable to batteries used in vehicles and aims to reduce battery recycling costs.

Description

LIFE EXTENDER SOLUTION FOR END-OF-LIFE BATTERIES Technological Field This invention makes lead-acid batteries used in automotive applications more economical. It describes a battery solution configuration aimed at increasing its lifespan and reliability. Especially for batteries that have reached or are about to reach the end of their service life. without interfering with their electrochemical and mechanical structures, without reducing performance. a solution that reduces, improves charge-discharge behavior and extends effective usage time It encompasses. The invention in question is applicable to batteries used in vehicles, and battery recycling. It aims to reduce acquisition costs. State of the Art Two main battery types • Lead-acid (starter) batteries: Very common; collection & recycling infrastructure available. Mature. Reconditioning applications are also common. (In regions such as the USA, etc.) (~99% recycling reported). • Lithium-ion (EV) batteries: More complex chemistry, modular pack structure; a second life. (Second-life) applications + hydrometallurgy / pyrometallurgy / direct recycling techniques It is gradually maturing. Lead-acid (starter) batteries — how are they evaluated & how can their lifespan be extended? 1. Collection → classification (intact / damaged) → automatic testing (voltage, internal resistance, capacity tests). 2. Those deemed suitable are reserved for reconditioning / refurbishment; Those that are unsuitable are sent for recycling (melting, lead recovery). 1 Life extension / reconditioning techniques • Desulfation / pulse-charging: High pressure to break sulfation. Frequency / pulsed charging. Studies reporting capacity recovery in the literature. Yes, commercial desulfator devices are available. (Their effectiveness varies depending on the cell condition.) (limited benefit if plates are mechanically worn) • Equalization and regular maintenance charges: Especially for float or solar use. Regularly equalizing the charge in these applications extends battery life. • Electrolyte interventions: Sulfate-dissolving additives, electrolyte replacement as needed. (Caution: Safety & Environment!). These methods provide temporary resuscitation; plaque If there is wear and tear, it is not a permanent solution. • Cellular / electrical testing + RUL estimation: Internal resistance and capacitance tests + machinery. Estimation of remaining lifespan (RUL) based on learning → which ones are second-use, which ones are not It automates the decision-making process for recycling. This field is developing rapidly. Lead-acid recycling: High recycling rate and closed system in suitable facilities. The cycle can be maintained; however, informal / uncontrolled smelting leads to heavy lead pollution. It opens. Lead-acid batteries (common in vehicles): Generally, they are collected and melted down to recover lead and plastic. To extend lifespan: regular maintenance charging, desulfator devices, electrolyte replacement, etc. Methods are being tried. Additives / Solutions • Chelators like EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) → sulfate on the plates Attempts have been made to dissolve the crystals. Theoretically it works, but in practice it affects the battery. It carries a high risk of harm and should be used under controlled conditions. • Magnesium sulfate (Epsom salt) → very common among the public; used in electrolytes By adding it, it increases ion mobility, temporarily improving battery performance. 2 It provides a temporary boost. But this "short-term boost" is not a permanent solution in the long run. not. • Commercial additives → There are liquids sold on the market under the name "battery additive / rejuvenator". Their contents are generally sulfate solvents and conductivity-enhancing salts. The results vary from battery to battery. It is changing. 2) Electrical / Charging Techniques • Desulfator devices (pulse chargers) → by applying high-frequency pulsed current It aims to break sulfate crystals. This method has also been described in scientific articles. It has been studied; it has been shown to be partially effective, especially if the battery is not too worn out. It works. • Equalization charging → "Balancing charging" performed at specific intervals, voltage between cells It reduces the difference and prolongs life. Patent application number 2024 / 011397 titled “A LEAD ACID BATTERY ELECTROLYTE” The abstract of the file states: "This invention is a lead-acid battery doped with nano-silicon dioxide (SiO2)." The invention is summarized as follows: "It relates to the electrolyte and the method of producing the electrolyte." Adding nano silicon dioxide to the battery electrolyte increases the battery's lifespan. The file is being mentioned. WO2021046373A1 and “ELECTROLYTE ADDITIVE FOR LEAD ACID BATTERIES” The patent application abstract, titled "MATERIALS", states "Battery for lead-acid batteries." An electrolyte composition that enhances performance is described. Lead-acid electrolyte Polyphosphate, and more specifically sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), can be added. This additive This clause specifies the discharge time and / or battery life at a particular discharge current and voltage. "It increases the number of discharge and charge cycles it can go through before failing." The invention is summarized as follows: It improves battery performance for lead-acid batteries. Electrolytes are being referred to. Description of the Invention This invention makes lead-acid batteries used in automotive applications more economical. It relates to structuring a battery solution aimed at increasing its lifespan and reliability, 3 especially batteries that have reached or are about to reach the end of their service life without interfering with their electrochemical and mechanical structures, without reducing performance. a solution that reduces, improves charge-discharge behavior and extends effective usage time It includes. The purpose of the invention is to recycle lead-acid batteries that have reached or are nearing the end of their service life. maintaining the performance of batteries without compromising their existing physicochemical and mechanical properties. to improve and reuse it. Another aim of the invention is to specifically develop a system to extend battery life. By applying the solution, the charge-discharge efficiency is increased and capacity loss is reduced. It reveals a depleted battery. Another purpose of the invention is to improve the maintenance and field support of batteries used in the automotive industry. The goal is to establish a safe and repeatable application method for these operations. Another aim of the invention is to create batteries with extended service life, which is both economical and environmentally beneficial. to ensure that waste batteries are recycled in a more efficient way. The goal is to reduce the quantity. Another aim of the invention is to extend the service life of batteries thanks to this invention. The aim is to ensure reliable and stable performance over time. Also, battery recovery... operational processes through equipment and protocol integration in acquisition and maintenance processes. The aim is to increase productivity and reduce labor costs. Disclosure of the Invention The invention extends the economic lifespan of lead-acid batteries used in automotive applications. and relates to a battery solution design aimed at increasing its reliability, in particular existing batteries that have reached or are about to reach the end of their service life without interfering with their electrochemical and mechanical structures, without reducing performance. a system that reduces, improves charge-discharge behavior and extends effective usage time It relates to solution composition. The subject of the invention is a life-extending solution for end-of-service batteries. There are specific stages involved in the preparation. 4 Stages of rainwater preparation; - Rainwater is collected in chrome tanks at the rainwater harvesting center. - To be left to rest for 5 days, - The water, which has been left to rest for 5 days, is filtered by passing it through fine sieves. to be done, 0 - After straining, boil at 100°C for 30 minutes. - Allowing it to rest for 3 days after boiling is one of the steps in the process. It consists of. The following steps are involved in the production of citric acid: - Peeling the lemon peel without touching the white pith. - Place the peeled rinds on baking sheets lined with parchment paper. - Wait until it dries at 50-60 degrees with the fan on. - The dried crusts are removed from the oven and left to cool. - The cooled lemon peels should be mixed with 1 cup of rock salt for every 8 lemons. The process steps include passing the object through a grinder until it takes on powder form. It consists of. Steps for preparing the life-extending solution: - For a 72A lead-acid battery, add 144 grams of citric acid to 1 liter of pure rainwater. addition, - For a 120A lead-acid battery, add 240 grams of citric acid to 1 liter of pure rainwater. addition, - Mix with the stirring attachment for 10 minutes to ensure a homogeneous mixture is formed. Mixing consists of several processing steps. When using the life-extending solution: To check the electrolyte level, the caps of each cell of the battery are opened individually. Then, each... 20% of the electrolyte in one eye is removed using a Baume device or a suitable apparatus. Then, the depleted portion is added to the life-extending solution. During the inspection, it was found that the battery's fluid level was low and / or the voltage dropped. If observed, electrolytes are replenished by adding a life-extending solution. This method of use is recommended. Its lifespan is extended. In the alternative design of the invention, the electrolyte placed inside the battery during manufacturing During preparation, life-extending solution compounds are used to improve the battery's current condition. It has been made to last 50% longer than its original lifespan. 6

Claims

1. The invention describes an economical way to produce lead-acid batteries for use in automotive applications. to increase its lifespan and reliability, especially for vehicles that have reached the end of their service life or the current electrochemical and mechanical properties of batteries that are about to be depleted charging and discharging without interfering with their structures, reducing performance degradation. a battery solution that improves its behavior and extends its effective lifespan It relates to its structure and its characteristic is; ▪ During the rainwater preparation phase; - Rainwater is collected in chrome tanks at the rainwater harvesting center. gathering, - To be left to rest for 5 days, - The water, which has been left to rest for 5 days, is filtered by passing it through fine sieves. to be done, 0 - After straining, boil at 100°C for 30 minutes. - Allowing it to rest for 3 days after boiling is one of the steps in the process. formation, • The following steps are involved in the production of citric acid: - Peeling the lemon peel without touching the white pith. - Place the peeled rinds on baking sheets lined with parchment paper. - Wait until it dries at 50-60 degrees with the fan on. - The dried crusts are removed from the oven and left to cool. - The cooled lemon peels should be mixed with 1 cup of rock salt for every 8 lemons. the process of passing the object through a grinder until it takes on a powder form consisting of steps, • Steps for preparing the life-extending solution; - For a 72A lead-acid battery, add 144 grams of citric acid to 1 liter of pure rainwater. addition, - For a 120A lead-acid battery, add 240 grams of citric acid to 1 liter of pure rainwater. addition, 7 - Mix with the stirring attachment for 10 minutes to ensure a homogeneous mixture is formed. Mixing is characterized by consisting of several processing steps.

2. The life-extending solution described in Claim 1 is characterized by its ability to treat electrolyte deficiencies. Replenishing the missing portion in lead-acid batteries with a life-extending solution. In lead-acid batteries with a full electrolyte level, 20% of the battery is removed from its reservoir. Characterized by being drained to a certain extent and then topped up with a life-extending solution. It is done. 8