AN EXPERIMENTAL SET FOR A MICROCONTROLLER

Abstract

The invention relates to an electronic experiment kit that enables the use of microcontroller-based electronic systems for educational and developmental purposes. It includes various sensors, electronic circuit elements, and actuators, and can be connected by the user.

Description

1 TARIFF AN EXPERIMENTAL SET FOR A MICROCONTROLLER TECHNICAL FIELD The invention enables the development and training of microcontroller-based electronic systems. enabling its use, it has various sensors and electronic circuit elements and an electronic experiment involving actuators that can be connected by the user It relates to the set. PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE 10 Testing different sensor and driver components in microcontroller applications. separate circuit setups are required for their operation and combined use. This is necessary. This situation leads to a waste of time and system complexity. This increases learning difficulties and makes learning more challenging, especially in educational settings. It causes the loss of electronic circuit components. 15 In the existing experimental setups, the components are either pre-connected or have a DIP switch configuration. These existing experiment kits allow users to trace circuits, connect necessary pins, and more. Because they are unable to perform the operations themselves, they only develop the programming side of things. The current experimental setups do not have an external DC voltage input section. Experiment The set requires a computer USB connection to function. Also, 20 It has a portable and compact design, and houses all the necessary components. There is a shortage of experimental equipment. THE PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION The purpose of the invention is to learn about microcontroller-based systems, 25 various features that facilitate the user during the prototyping and testing process The aim is to offer a portable experiment kit that houses electronic components. Thus, the user can easily access different applications without dealing with complex connections. will be able to accomplish it. SHAPES Figure 1. General view of the experimental setup related to the invention. The corresponding numbers in the figures are: 2 1001 – Microcontrollers 1002 – Stepper motor driver 1003 – LED group 1004 – LCD screen 1005 – RGB LED 5 1006 – Button group 1007 – DC regulator 1008 – Buzzer 1009 – NTC 1010 – LDR 10 1011 –7 segment LED display module 1012 – Relay 1013 – Analog sensor 1014 – Digital sensor 1015 – Servo motor 15 1016 – DC motor 1017 – “Shift register” integrated 1018 – Potentiometer 1019 – Ultrasonic sensor 1020 – Sequential male header 20 1021 – DC motor driver 1022 – Stepper motor 1023 – Digital temperature sensor DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 25 The invention enables the teaching, testing, and development of microcontroller-based electronic systems. a multi-component and portable system developed for use in experimental applications This relates to an electronic experiment kit. This system is a compact platform the size of an A4 sheet of paper. It is mounted on top and has an external DC 9–16V voltage input. From this input... The energy supplied is distributed through 5V and 3.3V voltage regulators located within the system. It is distributed securely and stably across different subcomponents. The invention relates to a microcontroller. independent of external hardware and connectivity complexities, testing sensors, motors, displays, and input units on a single platform. It offers a modular and reusable system architecture that makes this possible. 3 The system consists of a microcontroller board (1001), a power regulation module (1007), display and display units (1004, 1011), light and sound warning elements (1003, 1005, 1008), input units (1006, 1018), motion control elements (1015, 1016, 1022), motor driver circuits (1002, 1021), relay electromagnetic switch control element (1012), analog and digital sensor groups (1009, 1010, 1013, 1014, 1019, 1023) 5 and consists of connection interfaces (1020, 1017) components. These components all of them are in-line male header (1020) pins on the microcontroller board (1001) surface. They are positioned independently of each other. Thus, different options are available to the user. Connections can be established in combinations, and external shield modules can be connected directly. It can connect. The system connects to the computer after the software installation process. It can also operate without a 3A +5V output DC regulator located on it. (1007) enables applications to be run with independent power supply. He knows. The microcontroller (1001) forms the control core of the system and contains It manages other components of the system via digital and analog input / output pins and 15 It executes user-defined commands. Microcontroller (1001); RGB LED (1003, 1005), motor (1002, 1015, 1016), sensor (1013, 1014, 1019, command operations by interacting with components (1023) and LCD screen (1004) It performs motor (1002, 1015, 1016) control via PWM signals, Analog inputs for sensor measurement (1013, 1014, 1019, 1023) and digital outputs for LED 20 (1003, 1005) provides control. Microcontroller (1001), EEPROM and RAM Thanks to their memory, they support code storage and the storage of working data. This increases the variety of applications. The stepper motor driver module (1002) uses the ULN2003A integrated circuit it contains to provide the most This structure enables the driving of a small stepper motor (1022). This structure provides 25 from the microcontroller. (1001) transmits the received signals to the motor windings in sequence, causing rotational movement. It creates and maintains a high level of positioning accuracy. Furthermore... The DC motor driver (1021) in the system has two DC motors with the L298 integrated circuit it contains. It provides independent direction and speed control of the motor (1016). Both drivers The card (1002, 1021) also visually displays active driving status via LEDs (1003, 1005). This is the feedback it provides. LED group (1003) and RGB LED (1005), different color and light combinations It is connected to the microcontroller (1001) for control. RGB LED (1005) is controlled by PWM signals. Mixing red, green, and blue colors to obtain different shades of light. 4 This group (1003, 1005) provides, for example, light control and traffic signal simulations. It is used in applications. The LCD screen (1004) in the system is used for both the sensor. to display both data and user-facing menus or error messages Programmable buttons located on the LCD screen (1004) are used. It functions as menu navigation and user input. The 7-segment display (1012) is 5 It is used for digital displays or meter applications. Button group (1006) and potentiometer (1018), user interactive input units It functions as an on-off switching in the circuit. The button group (1006) While providing signal level control, the potentiometer (1018) produces variable resistance. It performs. Buzzer (1008) receives digital 10 from the microcontroller (1001). It produces sound at different frequencies with signals, and is used in alarm and warning scenarios. It is used. Sensor components constitute the system's measurement and detection capabilities. NTC (1009) reduces the resistance value depending on the temperature change and heat It is used in measurements. LDR (1010) is a photoresistor that is sensitive to ambient light, 15 It is used in light-dark sensor applications. Analog distance sensor. (1013), by sending an infrared signal to reflective surfaces, the distance is measured as an analog voltage. In measuring, the digital infrared sensor (1014) digitally measures objects within a certain range. It detects signals. The ultrasonic sensor (1019) detects the echo time of sound waves. It calculates the distance by measuring; the digital temperature sensor (1023) measures the ambient temperature at 20 It transmits the voltage output directly to the microcontroller as a voltage output from all sensors. The data is transferred to the microcontroller (1001) and processed there. The microcontroller (1001) processes the analog and digital data read according to certain algorithms. interpreting, if necessary, motor drivers (1002, 1021), LEDs (1003, 1005) or It sends output signals to the alarm system. For example, if the temperature exceeds a certain threshold of 25... When the light level exceeds the limit, the buzzer (1008) can be activated, and when the light level drops, the LED The brightness of group (1003) can be automatically increased. Seven-segment LED display module (1011) for displaying decimal numbers It is an electronic display element used. It consists of seven LEDs arranged in a shape and pattern. By using them together, decimal numbers are formed. Microcontroller (1001) with 30 They are used to display numerical information together. Relay (1012) is an electromagnetic switching element and microcontroller low voltage signals controlled by (1001), high voltage operation It enables the control of loads. LED integrated into the relay (1012) circuit. The indicator system visually displays the ignition status (on / off). It can be monitored. The shift register integrated circuit (1017) increases the number of digital pins of the microcontroller. (1001) allows efficient use of a limited number of I / O lines. This This allows more LEDs, sensors, or control units to be integrated into the system simultaneously. All connections are made via inline male header (1020) pins. This is provided, and users can easily connect different modules using female jumper cables. They can connect to each other. The microcontroller is installed with a (1001) socket, in case of a possible malfunction. In this case, it can be easily removed and replaced. There are 10 on the experiment set. The positioned female power jack allows the system to be safely connected to external adapters. It provides nutrition. All these components are integrated on a single platform. This reduces electronic circuit installation times and minimizes wiring errors. It significantly increases speed and efficiency in downloading, teaching, and testing processes. In conclusion, the electronic experiment kit described in the invention consists of 15 microcontroller-based components. testing circuits, directly observing the behavior of sensors and actuators monitoring, easy integration of different modules and computer connection portable, modular and multi-functional, enabling independent operation of systems without needing any additional components. It has been developed as a functional education and experience platform. 25

Claims

6 REQUESTS 1. Teaching, testing, and experimenting with microcontroller-based electronic systems. a multi-component and portable system structured for use in applications It is an electronic experiment kit, and its features include: 5 - forming the control core of the system and providing digital and analog input / output pins. to manage other components, evaluate data from all hardware, and configured to execute user-defined commands a microcontroller board (1001), - It receives power from an external DC 9–16V voltage input and maintains it stably at 5V and 3.3V levels. a power regulation module (1007) that distributes power in this way, - NTC (1009), LDR (1010) for temperature, light, distance and ambient sensing. analog sensor (1013), digital sensor (1014), ultrasonic sensor (1019) and digital temperature sensor (1023), - LCD 15 positioned to display sensor data or transmit information to the user. a display unit containing a screen (1004) and a 7-segment display (1011), - RGB LEDs that visually and audibly convey system status or warning signals. (1005), a light and sound system consisting of LED group (1003) and buzzer (1008) components. warning unit, - group of buttons (1006) and 20 which function as user interactive input units potentiometer (1018), - stepper motor controlled by microcontroller (1001) with PWM signals servo motor connected with driver module (1002) and DC motor driver module (1021) (1015), a motion consisting of DC motor (1016) and stepper motor (1022) components. control system, 25 - a relay that enables the control of high-voltage loads with low-voltage signals (1012), - a shift that increases digital pin capacity, enabling multi-component connectivity. Register integrated circuit (1017), - sequential header pin interfaces (1020) and 30 that facilitate the connection of all components It is characterized by containing connection ports.

2. It is an electronic experiment set according to claim 1, and its feature is; the software of the microcontroller (1001). to increase application diversity by storing code and working data It is characterized by containing EEPROM and RAM memory. 35