MULTI-LAYER WATER PURIFICATION DEVICE

Abstract

The invention relates to a double-tank, multi-layered water purification device (1) based on the difference in density of hot water. The device, which converts tap water into high-purity potable water through pasteurization and layered filtration, includes a lower tank (2) with a capacity of 6 liters and an upper tank (3) with a capacity of 9 liters. The water taken into the lower tank (2) is heated to a range of 70-90°C by means of heating elements (9, 10, 11). The heated water is purified by passing through successively arranged metal composite (12), lower activated carbon (13), ceramic composite (14) and upper activated carbon (15) layers in the filtration system (4). The purified water is reduced to a range of 20-25°C in the upper tank (3) by primary coolers (16, 17, 18, 19); and to a maximum temperature of 20°C by the secondary cooler (23) before the tap (5). Water level sensors (20a, 20b) manage the opening of tap (5) according to the tank fullness; drain pipe (8) drains the remaining water.The device provides energy efficiency by preserving pump-free natural convection through low flow resistance filters and passive flow optimization.

Description

1 TARIFF MULTI-LAYER WATER PURIFICATION DEVICE TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention involves heating tap water and then pasteurizing it to eliminate disease-causing microorganisms. an innovative device design for cleaning, purifying and controlled cooling. It is related to the device, which is based on a multi-layer filtration system and the principle of density difference in hot water. By using its natural flow, it is free from both physical and chemical pollutants, and its temperature... It produces balanced, safe water. The invention is suitable for use in domestic, industrial and portable applications. It is designed for this purpose. STATE OF THE ART In water treatment against microbiological contamination, microfilters may not completely remove viruses; Therefore, chemical disinfection, UV irradiation, or thermal methods (boiling / pasteurization) are used. Additional procedures such as these may be required. The World Health Organization (WHO) includes guidelines for domestic water treatment in its guidelines. (Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, 4th edition, 2017) boiling method for water disinfection While stating this as a basic recommendation, lower-temperature thermal methods such as pasteurization are also considered. It is acknowledged that it can also be effective. Studies in the literature on this subject (for example, Dale) Andreatta's research on pasteurization techniques and Solar Cookers International's solar energy energy-efficient applications (Safapour & Metcalf, 1999; Ciochetti & Metcalf, 1984) where water is sufficiently heated to 65°C. holding the time limit or heating for shorter periods at higher temperatures is harmful. This method has been shown to be sufficient to inactivate most microorganisms. It provides lower energy consumption compared to boiling, especially in solar energy systems. It is widely used. Existing water treatment systems generally either do not apply pasteurization at all or apply it in an energy-efficient manner. They are unable to integrate it. Although solar-powered pasteurization devices are common, electrically controlled ones are also insufficient. Multilayer filtration (ceramic + activated carbon) combined with heating, sensor-based temperature. Full integration of features such as control (e.g., cut-off at 70°C) and active / thermoelectric cooling. It is limited. 2 Similar Technologies and Patents: Solar-powered pasteurization devices are included in the known technology. It includes: ·US8960183B2 (2015): Portable solar pasteurizer, pasteurization in transparent containers at 65-70°C. ·US11339061B2 (2022): Water pasteurizer with insulated solar box, insulation and 65°C threshold. ·CN100339662C (2007): Solar water heater and pasteurizer, 60-70°C range. ·US6863827B2 (2005): Portable solar-powered water purification system. These systems are generally focused on thermal pasteurization only and use multi-layer natural flow without pumps. features such as filtration (ceramic + activated carbon), sensor-controlled heat cut-off (at 70°C), and integrated cooling. It generally lacks these features. Commonly used water purification methods today include reverse osmosis and ultraviolet (UV) light. These include filtration, ion exchange, and distillation. Each of these methods has various limitations. It includes: • Reverse Osmosis: Purifies water by passing it through special membranes under high pressure. However, high energy consumption and the production of wastewater that is 2-4 times greater than the treated water lead to resource inefficiency. It opens. • Ultraviolet (UV) Filtration: UV light disinfects by disrupting the DNA of microorganisms. However, it cannot remove chemical pollutants, heavy metals, and dissolved solids. • Distillation: Water is boiled, evaporated, and condensed. Long heating times require energy. It reduces its efficiency; it is inadequate in volatile organic compounds and generally does not provide effective filtration. does not include. • Traditional Filtration Systems: These generally lack integrated temperature control and cooling units; This limits the ability to maintain the quality of treated water and provide cold, potable water. • Microbiological Disinfection: Most existing systems use short-term heating at high temperatures. It is limited. In contrast, the invention includes controlled heating of water (reaching 70°C), and thermal insulation. holding it above 65°C for a sufficient period of time, multi-layer filtration (ceramic) by natural convection (including composites) and then more comprehensive and energy-efficient through the application of controlled cooling. A solution is offered. THE PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION This invention addresses the energy inefficiencies, inadequacies, or lack thereof encountered in current water treatment technologies. problems such as non-implemented pasteurization, high maintenance costs and limited usage area It aims to eliminate it. 3 The main purpose of the invention is to ensure that tap water is at 65°C in accordance with World Health Organization standards. ensuring pasteurization at this temperature for at least 6 minutes and maintaining this temperature with thermal insulation and sensors. It is maintained through a controlled heating system. Additionally, the water in the entire lower tank... By rapidly heating to at least 70°C by default, microorganisms are rapidly... by eliminating waste and not heating the water to its boiling point, energy efficiency can also be preserved. This is the goal. Additionally, a multi-layer filtration system (metal composite, bottom activated carbon, (with ceramic composite and top activated carbon layers) effectively removes both physical and chemical pollutants. The aim is to remove the treated water in this way. The treated water is then processed using thermoelectric primary coolers. Cooling to 20–25°C and a maximum of 20°C via a secondary cooler before the tap. The invention also includes downloading and making it ready for use. Finally, temperature, water level Energy savings and safe operation are ensured through intelligent control systems such as purity sensors, Furthermore, the device's portable design makes it suitable for both domestic and industrial use, as well as emergency situations. and the aim is to make it suitable for agricultural activities. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1: General cross-sectional front view of the device. Bottom tank (2), top tank (3), filtration system (4), tap (5), touch control screen (6), inlet pipe (7), drain pipe (8), heating elements (9, 10, 11), metal composite layer (12), bottom activated carbon (13), ceramic composite (14), top activated carbon (15), primary coolers (16, 17, 18, 19), water level sensors (20a, 20b), water purity sensor (21), hot water The sensor (22) and secondary cooler (23) are shown on device (1) together with their positions. Figure 2: Detailed cross-sectional view of the filtering system. The layers are metal composite (12), bottom They are numbered as activated carbon (13), ceramic composite (14) and top activated carbon (15). Figure 3: Flowchart illustrating the device's operating principle. The direction of water flow is naturally determined by the difference in density. The stages of rising, pasteurization, and cooling are indicated by arrows. EXPLANATION OF REFERENCES IN THE FIGURES (1) Water purification device (2) Bottom tank (3) Upper tank (4) Multilayer filtering system (5) Tap 4 (6) Control screen (optional) (7) Mains water inlet pipe (8) Drain water outlet pipe (9), (10), (11) Heating elements (12) Metal composite layer (13) Activated carbon (substrate) (14) Ceramic composite layer (15) Activated carbon (top layer) (16), (17), (18), (19) Coolers (20a) Water level sensor (80% full) (20b) Water level sensor (100% full) (21) Water purity sensor (22) Hot water sensor (23) Secondary cooler DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The device in question (1) pasteurizes tap water in an energy-efficient manner by multilayering An integrated water purification system that makes water potable by filtering and cooling the water. It is a system. Component Definitions (Reference Numbers): (1) Water purification device: This is the general name of the multi-layer water purification device which is the subject of the invention. (2) Bottom tank: This is the heating chamber from which the mains water is taken and pasteurization begins. (3) Upper tank: This is the main tank where the treated water is cooled and stored. (4) Multilayer filtration system: This unit purifies the water from physical and chemical pollutants. It is located on top of the lower tank and below the upper tank. (5) Tap: It is the outlet from which purified and cooled water is taken. (6) Control screen (Optional): Where the device settings are configured and its status is displayed. It is a touch panel. (7) Mains water inlet pipe: It is a stainless steel pipe that provides water supply to the lower tank. (8) Drain water outlet pipe: Waste, lime or dirty water remaining in the appliance is discharged semi-automatically. It is the pipe through which it is discharged. (9, 10, 11) Heating elements: High-power heating elements used to heat water quickly. They are components. They are located in the base of the lower tank, in the front and rear compartments. (12) Metal composite layer: Holds the filtration system together and withstands high temperatures. It is made of durable stainless steel or composite material. (13) Bottom activated carbon layer: It is the first stage of the filtration system; it removes chlorine and organic substances. amount. (14) Ceramic composite layer: Filters microorganisms and very small particles (0.2–0.5 (microns) is the second layer. (15) Upper activated carbon layer: This is the final stage of filtration; it removes any remaining chemicals and It improves the taste and smell of the water. (16, 17, 18, 19) Primary coolers: Primary coolers that bring the water in the upper tank to lower temperatures. They are coolers. (20a, 20b) Water level sensors: Detects the 80% and 100% fill levels of the upper tank. They are sensor detectors. (21) Purity sensor: Measures the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) value of the purified water. It is a sensor. (22) Hot water sensor: It is a safety sensor that terminates the water heating process when necessary. (23) Secondary cooler: Compact cooler that reduces the water to a drinkable temperature before tap water. It is a component. Working Principle and Technical Details The device consists of a lower tank (2) from which the mains water is taken and heated, and a tank where the treated water is cooled and stored. upper tank (3), multilayer filtration system (4) located between these two tanks, tap (5), It consists of sensors, coolers, and exhaust mechanisms. Pasteurization Process: The lower tank (2) of the device has a capacity of 6 liters and is made of stainless steel. It has been constructed and is supported by thermal insulation. Mains water flows to the lower tank via the inlet pipe (7). 6 High-power heating elements are located at the base of the lower tank and in the front and rear sections. The components (9, 10, 11) heat the water to a minimum of 70 °C by default or 70– as defined by the user. It heats up to a temperature in the range of 90 °C. The temperature of the heated water is immediately in the filtering system (4) The water temperature is continuously monitored by the hot water sensor (22) located below. The water temperature reaches the determined threshold. When it reaches the value, the hot water sensor (22) automatically cuts off the power to the heating elements. Thanks to the thermal insulation of the tank and the thermal inertia of the heating elements, the water flows even after heating is stopped. The temperature is maintained above 65°C for at least 6 minutes, and the pasteurization process is complete. The internal structure of the lower tank (2) ensures sufficient pasteurization of the heated water before it reaches the filtration system. It is designed to allow the water to complete its cycle. For this purpose, the water flow path is a wide plate. By extending the water's residence time in the lower tank with spiral pipes or similar passive structures, the water's stay in the lower tank is minimized. It is controlled in 6-minute intervals. Thanks to this structure, the World Health Organization does not use a pump. The organization's pasteurization standard is safely met. Filtration and Natural Flow: The water heated in the lower tank (2) flows through natural convection due to the difference in density. It moves upwards due to its effect and reaches the multilayer filtering system (4). filtering system (4); a high temperature resistant metal arranged in a series inside. composite layer (12), a bottom activated carbon layer (13), a ceramic composite layer (14) and a top It consists of an activated carbon layer (15). The lower activated carbon layer (13) removes chlorine, organic matter from the water. While removing pollutants and odors; ceramic composite layer (14) 0.2–0.5 micron pore size Its size allows it to physically filter out most bacteria, protozoa, and similar microorganisms. The upper activated carbon layer (15) removes the remaining chemicals, improving the taste and odor characteristics of the water. It heals. Cooling and Storage: The filtered hot water is transferred to the upper tank (3). The upper tank is approximately 1.5 times the height of the lower tank. It is designed with a capacity of 9 liters, having a solid volume. The thermoelectric element located in the upper tank... The primary chillers (16, 17, 18, 19) cool the water to a range of 20–25 °C. The upper tank also contains water first level sensor (20a) which detects the level at 80% fill and second level sensor which detects at 100% fill A level sensor (20b) is located. These sensors control the operation of the valve which controls the flow of water to the tap (5). provides. Additional Features and Safety: In one application, the purity sensor (21) located in the upper tank monitors the purified water. It measures the quality and reports the TDS value to the user. In another application, the line going to the tap (5) The secondary cooler (23) located on top of it cools the water cooled to 20–25 °C in the upper tank from the tap. It balances the water temperature to a maximum of 20°C before exiting. Located at the bottom of the lower tank. The drain pipe (8) provides periodic drainage to prevent calcification and microbiological accumulation. 7 HOW THE INVENTION WAS APPLIED TO INDUSTRY With the demand for clean, potable water increasing daily worldwide, water purification devices play unique roles. It undertakes this. The demand for these products in Türkiye and worldwide indicates that the device is an industrial product. This will enable its positioning. Furthermore, this invention has a wide range of applications: Household Use: Provides drinking water and hot water for kitchens. Industrial Use: High-purity water for food processing, pharmaceutical manufacturing, textiles, and healthcare industries. provides. Portable Applications: Battery-powered models are suitable for camping or emergencies. Agriculture: Providing electricity to field workers with the help of generators or new generation batteries. It provides low-cost potable water.

Claims

8 REQUESTS Claim 1: The invention relates to a sub-tank (2) containing a mains water inlet pipe (7), a drain pipe (8); and a filter. system (4); an upper tank (3) containing primary cooling elements (16, 17, 18, 19) and tap (5) It is a water purification device (1) which has the following features; Heating elements (9, 10, 11) located at the base of the lower tank (2), a hot water sensor located at the inlet of the filtration system (4) that cuts off heating according to the water temperature (22), and includes a secondary cooler (23) which balances the water outlet temperature before the tap (5). It is characterized by... Claim 2: According to Claim 1, a water purification device (1) whose characteristic is that the mains water inlet pipe (7), bottom characterized by the positioning of the water in the bottom of the tank (2) in such a way as to increase the heating efficiency. is being done. Claim 3: According to Claim 1, a water purification device (1) whose characteristics include water temperature, heating time and filling. It is characterized by having a touch control screen (6) that shows the level (80% or 100%). is being done. Claim 4: According to Claim 1, a water purification device (1) whose feature is to check the purity of the water in the upper tank (3). It is characterized by a purity sensor (21). Claim 5: According to Claim 1, a water purification device (1) has the following features; hot water sensor (22), filtering positioned at the same level as the lower part of the system (4) and the water temperature set to the default 70°C or It is characterized by deactivating the heating elements (9, 10, 11) when the set value is reached. is being done. Claim 6: According to Claim 1, a water purification device (1) has the following features; on the pipeline going to the tap (5) it includes a secondary cooler (23) and this secondary cooler (23) takes water from the tap outlet It is characterized by being structured to reduce the temperature to a maximum of 20°C just beforehand. Claim 7: According to Claim 1, a water purification device (1) whose characteristic is that water level sensors (20a and 20b), By opening the tap (5) when the top tank (3) is at 80% or 100% full, water can be supplied to the tap. It is characterized by its transfer. 9 Claim 8: According to Claim 1, a water purification device (1) whose characteristic is; primary located in the upper tank (3). heated water rising from the bottom tank (2) is brought to the range of 20-25 °C via coolers (16, 17, 18, 19). It is characterized by being structured in a way that will reduce its impact. Claim 9: According to Claim 1, a water treatment device (1) with the characteristic of; thermal insulation and heating of the lower tank (2). by the thermal inertia of elements (9, 10, 11) and holding the water above 65°C for at least 6 minutes It is characterized by its structure. Claim 10: According to Claim 1, a water purification device (1) with the following characteristics; the drain pipe (8), the bottom tank (2) positioned at the base and opposite the inlet pipe (7) and the lower tank (2) when the device is switched off It is characterized by the draining of the water inside through the drain pipe (8). Claim 11: The invention is a water purification method characterized by; Taking in the mains water through the inlet pipe (7) at the bottom of the lower tank (2), The water is rapidly heated to at least 70°C by heating elements (9, 10, 11), heated water passes through the filter layer (4) without using a pump due to the effect of density difference, and over raising the tank (3) and cooling it with the help of coolers (16, 17, 18, 19) and through the tap It is characterized by including the steps involved in delivering the service to the user. Claim 12: According to Claim 11, a water treatment method whose characteristic is that the treated water inside the upper tank (3) its quality is measured via the TDS value using a purity sensor (21) and displayed on the device screen (6) It is characterized by including the step of demonstration." Claim 13: According to Claim 11, a water treatment method whose characteristic is; thermal insulation of the water in the lower tank (2). and held above 65°C for at least 6 minutes thanks to the thermal inertia of the heating elements (9, 10, 11) and It is characterized by the process of pasteurization.

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