Modular Insert Structure, Flame Stabilization Geometry and Capillary Barrier Decorative Liquid Fuel Lighting Lamp

Abstract

Modular Insert Structure, Flame Stabilization Geometry and Capillary Barrier Decorative Liquid Fuel Lighting Lamp This invention relates to a modular decorative lighting and ambient fragrance lamp that operates using kerosene, paraffin, or essence-based liquid fuels, providing fuel delivery based on the capillary action principle, and featuring enhanced flame stability and leak safety. The invention comprises a fuel tank containing liquid fuel, a lid securely attached to this tank, a replaceable modular insert located on the lid, at least one wick holder tube passing through the insert, at least one wick located within the tube, and a capillary barrier with a passive check valve integrated into the wick structure. At the end of the wick holder tube that opens into the combustion zone, a narrowed throat geometry is created in proportion to the inner diameter of the tube. This structure increases the exit velocity of the fuel vapor, ensuring that the flame root is stably fixed along the tube axis. This increases the flame's resistance to wind and external air currents and supports a laminar combustion regime. Thanks to the capillary barrier in the wick structure, which preferably has a micro-pore diameter of less than 19 µm, the reverse flow of liquid fuel in case of gravity or overturning is limited by surface tension principles, and the system exhibits a passive safety function without containing any moving parts. Thanks to its modular insert structure, configurations containing different numbers of wicks can be used interchangeably on the same fuel tank, allowing the number of flames and total thermal power to be adjusted according to user needs. The invention is designed for safe, stable, and flexible use in liquid fuel-based decorative lighting and localized heating applications, suitable for outdoor conditions.

Description

1 TARIFF INVENTION TITLE Modular Insert Structure, Flame Stabilization Geometry and Capillary Barrier Decorative Liquid Fuel Lighting Lamp TECHNICAL FIELD This invention enables the capillary action of liquid fuels based on kerosene, paraffin, or essences. Delivered to the combustion zone based on the (capillary) action principle, single or multiple flame formation is possible, and flame stability is enhanced by structural geometries. Decorative lighting with passive safety features against liquid fuel leakage 10 and relates to the technical field of local heating devices. The invention applies particularly to liquid fuel lamps where fuel is supplied via a wick, Increasing the stability of the flame against external air currents, preventing backflow and leakage. by reducing risks and adjusting the number of flames according to user needs. Technical solutions for making the total thermal power adjustable 15 It offers. In this context, the invention covers decorative lighting exposed to external environmental conditions. products, restaurant and cafe outdoor lighting, garden and patio lights, camping and portable lighting systems and similar liquid fuel lighting and It was developed for use in heating applications. 20 STATE OF TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNICAL PROBLEMS In existing liquid fuel decorative lamps, the wick is drawn from the fuel reservoir by capillary action. It carries the liquid upwards, and the top end of the wick is directly open to the atmosphere. It is on fire. This structure leads to the following technical problems: 25 1. Low Flame Stability Flames that form at open wick ends, wind, or sudden air currents because of this, it easily breaks (blow-off), goes out or oscillates It is showing signs of burning. This situation both reduces the light quality and This puts user security at risk. 30 2. Incomplete Combustion and Soot Formation Non-homogeneous mixing of fuel vapor and oxygen in the combustion chamber. As a result, the laminar flow regime is disrupted and turbulent combustion occurs. This situation leads to the formation of a business (institution) and low productivity. It causes burning. 35 2 3. Liquid Fuel Leakage and Fire Risk In known systems, the wick prevents fuel flow in the reverse direction (out of the chamber). It does not contain a limiting structure. The device may tip over or suddenly If exposed to movement, liquid fuel will leak out through the wick. It can leak, which creates a serious fire risk. 5 4. Lack of Constant Flame Count and Power Adjustment In traditional lamps, the number and configuration of wicks are fixed, the system according to the light intensity or thermal power required by the user It is not possible to adapt it. All of these technical problems are adequately addressed by the known solutions of the current technology, and 10 It cannot be resolved in a holistic way. PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION AND THE TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS PROVIDED The main purpose of the invention is to create decorative and fragrance-emitting, functional liquid fuel-based devices. Flame instability and fuel leakage encountered in lighting systems, 15 eliminating technical problems such as uncontrolled backflow and constant power / light output The invention aims to eliminate flame stability through geometric and... Passive safety, controlled using fluid mechanics-based methods. modular, user-configurable, and operates on principles. It offers a system with a structure. 20 The invention is particularly suitable for applications exposed to external environmental conditions (wind, vibration, risk of overturning). high in remaining liquid fuel lighting and local heating applications to ensure operational safety, stable combustion and flexible use It aims to... In traditional lighting systems, fragrance molecules are added to the liquid fuel. Pyrolysis occurs when the body is directly exposed to combustion in the high-temperature region of the flame. (thermal decomposition) is occurring, which causes the smell to change or become harmful. This causes emissions to be generated. The subject of the invention is flame stabilization. the throat (8) traps the heat in a narrow area at the tip of the wick, in the body of the wick essential oils remain at their ideal evaporation temperature without burning and 30 According to the Fraunhofer diffusion principle, it ensures controlled spread into the environment. 1. Technical Solutions for Flame Stabilization The invention involves wick holder tubes with a geometry based on the venturi principle. It has been created. Thanks to this: 35 • The fuel vapor outlet cross-section is being narrowed in a controlled manner, 3 • Steam flow rate is being increased, • The flame root is thermally and aerodynamically distributed along the pipe axis. It is locked. This structure prevents the flame from spreading to the pipe walls: • irregular burning, 5 • institutional formation, • flame breakage and wind-induced extinguishing It prevents. In addition, the laminar combustion regime is supported thanks to the increased discharge rate, Turbulence-induced flame fluctuations are reduced. Thus, the flame remains within a certain range of 10... Within the geometry, it burns in a controlled and repeatable manner. In alternative applications, the system features a straight-section (wax-shaped) wick exit geometry. It can also be structured with different aesthetic and functional aspects, which makes the invention unique. It increases its adaptability to designs. 2. Technical Solutions for Leakage and Backflow Security A key technical solution of the invention is the passive check valve integrated into the wick structure. It is an effective capillary barrier mechanism. Thanks to this structure: • Liquid fuel is transported upwards solely by capillary action, • Fuel backflow due to gravity, tipping, or sudden movements 20 It is being blocked. The microporous structure of the wick material, surface tension, and capillary pressure It has been optimized according to its principles. The pore diameter is above a certain threshold value. By keeping it under control, the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid fuel is reduced by capillary pressure. is balanced by and fuel flow is only through evaporation 25 It is limited. The technical advantages of this solution are as follows: • It does not contain any springs, balls, gaskets, or moving parts. • There is no risk of mechanical failure. • Maintenance-free, 30 • It does not show a loss of performance in high temperature and chemical environments. This allows the system to operate with a passive security approach and offer high reliability. It offers a leak-proof and backflow prevention function. 4 3. Technical Solutions for Modularity and Operational Flexibility The invention features a modular insert designed to adapt to different usage scenarios. It is designed with this structure. Thanks to this structure: • On the same fuel tank, 5 • Containing a different number of wicks, • Available in different diameters and geometries Insert modules can be installed. Thanks to this modular structure, the user: • number of flames, 10 • total thermal power, • light intensity It may vary depending on the application. Technically, this structure: • flanged connection, 15 • Supported by elastomer-based sealing elements, the module The system's watertightness is maintained during the replacement process. This approach defines the system as follows: • from low-power applications used purely for decorative purposes, • 20 for semi-functional heating and high light requirements applications This makes it usable across a much wider range of applications. Technical Impact Summary With this invention; • Flame geometry is defined not only by wick length but also by flow mechanics. attached to a structure, 25 • Fuel safety, based on physical principles rather than active mechanical elements. provided, • User experience is functional thanks to modularity. It has been expanded. In these respects, the invention offers structural advantages over existing liquid fuel lighting systems, 30 They differ significantly in terms of functionality and safety. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1: General assembly of the decorative liquid fuel lighting lamp that is the subject of the invention. appearance Figure 2: Exploded perspective view of the system described in the invention. 5 Figure 3: Flame stabilization throat at the combustion end of the wick holder tube. cross-sectional view of its geometry Figure 4: Micro-channel structure of the capillary barrier integrated into the wick structure. schematic representation Figure 5: Side view of the single-strand configuration of the modular insert structure. appearance Figure 6: Multi-strand (3-strand and multiple-strand) configurations of the modular insert structure. top view Figure 7: Cross-sectional assembly of cover, sealing element, and mechanical snap-on cover. view 15 PARTS LIST The numbering below lists all techniques from Figure 1 to Figure 7. It represents the components in the drawings: 1. Outer Casing / Chamber: The main body where the fuel is stored. 2. Liquid Fuel: A decorative fuel that serves as an energy source. 20 3. Outer Cover: The screw-on part that closes the container and provides child safety. 4. Sealing Element (Gasket): Prevents fuel leakage and evaporation loss. preventative piece. 5. Wick Holder Tube: The channel that holds the wick in a vertical position and carries it to the combustion end. structure. 25 6. Wick: The element that carries fuel via capillary action. 7. Modular Insert: Allows for different wick counts (single, and more). carrier platform. 6 8. Flame Stabilization Throat: A flow regulator that creates a constriction at the combustion end. geometry. 9. Capillary Barriers (Micro-channels): Passively control the fuel flow rate. Internal structure. 10. Mechanical Locking Pin: A safety feature that prevents the system from opening unintentionally. element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The system described in this invention is for the safe, controlled, and stable use of odor-emitting liquid fuel in the environment. It is a modular structure that enables combustion in this way; a fuel tank (1), fuel a lid (2) that is sealed to the fuel tank, lid and fuel tank 10 an elastomer-based sealing element (3) located between them, during assembly mechanical locking pin (4) which secures the position of the cover and insert components. at least one wick holder tube (5), a modular insert (6) carrying the said tubes and consists of a high temperature resistant wick (7). Fuel tank (1), made of glass, metal or fuel-resistant material, for storing liquid fuel. It can be manufactured from polymer materials. The lid (2) is screwed onto the fuel tank, snap-on. or connected by similar leak-proof connection methods, modular insert (7) the wick holder tube passing through the system (5) acts as a leak-proof interface He sees. The pore structure of the capillary barrier wick (6) included in the invention is 20 times less than the viscosity of the fuel. It independently stabilizes the homogeneous distribution of essential oil molecules. During combustion, the wick holder tubes (5) come out of the Flame Stabilization Throat (8). A column of hot gas draws the surrounding air upwards, creating a convective flow. It forms a column. This column carries the essential components that evaporate from the wick surface. It transports the material to the upper layers without causing turbulence (via laminar flow). Thus, unit 25 The amount of odor released into the environment over time (ṁ (dots on the m): Per unit time Mass flow rate. How much of the scent is dispersed in grams. It expresses (g / s).), directly and consistently with the temperature gradient in the combustion zone. They are correlated." 1. Flame Stabilization Geometry and Flow Mechanics 30 At the end of the wick holder tubes (5) that opens to the combustion zone, the nominal part of the tube Creating a contraction with an inner diameter of D, preferably between 0.6D and 0.9D. The throat geometry (8) is structured. This throat geometry rises from the wick. to control the flow regime that occurs after the liquid fuel transitions to the vapor phase It acts as a passive flow regulator. 35 Thanks to this contraction geometry: 7 • The axial flow velocity is increased by narrowing the outlet cross-section of the fuel vapor, • Centrifugal and turbulent effects that may occur within the flow are reduced, • Evaporation-induced mass transfer (Stefan flow) along the pipe axis By directing the flow, the laminar character is preserved. According to Bernoulli's principle, fuel vapor accelerates in a narrowing cross-section, reaching 5° above the flame root. This ensures the flame is fixed around the pipe axis. This prevents the flame from adhering to the pipe walls. It prevents the flame from spreading and creating uneven combustion zones. Thus, the flame It becomes more resistant to wind and sudden air currents and is called a "blow-off". The known risk of flame breakage is significantly reduced. In an alternative application, the end of the wick holder tube that opens into the combustion zone is 10 It can also be structured with a straight cross-section without any constrictions. This structure is particularly suitable for low-power applications where a candle flame form is preferred. Suitable for decorative applications. 2. Passive Check-Valve Effect Capillary Barrier 15 Wick (6), preferably made of glass fiber, ceramic fiber or their composites. It has been manufactured and designed to withstand temperatures of at least 600 °C. Wick (6), The main element that enables the transport of liquid fuel from the hopper to the combustion chamber. In addition to this, it also plays a critical role in backflow safety. Micro-channel and fiber structure in the wick(6), capillary rise Wick Holder tube 20 Optimized by taking into account Jurin's Law which determines the height of (5). has been ℎ = 2𝛾cos θ 𝑝𝑔𝑟 Here; • γ\gammaγ: surface tension of the fuel, 25 • θ\thetaθ: the contact angle between the wick material and the fuel, • ρ\rhoρ: density of the fuel, • rrr: represents the capillary radius. Wick (6) pore diameter preferably smaller than 19 µm, more preferable In applications, however, thanks to the selection of smaller values, the liquid fuel is 30 flow in the opposite direction on the surface due to gravity or in the event of the device tipping over. The tension is prevented by a barrier. This structure does not involve any springs, valves, or It operates like a passive check valve without containing a moving valve element, preventing leaks in the system. It increases security. 8 3. Modular Insert Structure and Configuration Flexibility The modular insert (7) located on the cover (2) is a flanged and leak-proof connection. It has a structure that allows different wick configurations to be integrated into the system. It allows the insert (7) to hold one or more wick holder tubes (5) It can be configured to carry 5. In this way, the user can use the same fuel tank (1) and cap (2) assembly; • Decorative lighting at low light levels using a single wick insert, • Higher light intensity and thermal power using multi-wick inserts. can obtain. The modular structure provides operational flexibility to both the user and the manufacturer. This creates part standardization and cost advantages in terms of inserts. During the replacement, the system's sealing should be ensured, preferably with Viton or similar high-quality sealant. through heat and chemical resistant elastomer seals (3) It is protected. HOW THE INVENTION WAS APPLIED TO INDUSTRY The invention concerns a modular liquid fuel lighting lamp; home decoration products, Restaurant and cafe outdoor lighting, camping and portable lighting. safely used in commercial and individual applications such as equipment. Available. 20 The components that make up the system can be mass-produced using existing industrial infrastructure. This is suitable. In this context, metal items such as covers, inserts, and mechanical fasteners are included. Parts are produced using CNC machining, metal injection, or precision casting methods. can be manufactured. If the wick holder tubes are to be made of glass material, then glass 25 made of metal or plastic, by shaping or pipe drawing methods. For production, they can be manufactured using extrusion and precision machining techniques. The wick structure consists of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, or composites thereof. Industrial textiles are produced using weaving, sintering, or fiber bonding methods as desired. It can be produced within pore diameter tolerances. Capillary barrier (9) property, production This can be repeated by controlling fiber density and microchannel dimensions during the process. 30 is provided in this way. Thanks to its modular insert structure, configurations containing different numbers of wicks can be used together. The fuel tank and cap assembly are interchangeable and can be used on the device. This situation provides part standardization and cost advantages in production.

Claims

9 REQUESTS 1- It is a fluid delivery and fuel control system; • Fuel tank containing liquid fuel (1), • A lid (3) that is securely attached to the container in question. • At least one wick (6) that enables the transport of fuel by capillary action, 5 • Surrounding the wick (6), having an inner diameter between 3 mm and 8 mm and extending in the axial direction. It is characterized by containing at least one wick holder tube (5); • The wick holder tube (5) in question has a nominal inner diameter at the combustion end. A flame stabilization throat that creates a cross-sectional reduction of 10% to 40%. It is characterized by containing geometry (8). 10 2- It is a system that conforms to Request 1; its feature is that it can be removed within the inner volume of the lid (3) and interchangeably positioned, with 1 to more wick holder tubes (5) on it a modular insert (7) structure with a slot and providing axial alignment of the pipes It includes. 3- A system that conforms to claim 1 or 2; its characteristic is that the wick in question (6) has a flow rate of 0.3 – 1.2 g / cm² / s 15 glass with fuel absorption capacity in the range of, average pore diameter below 19 µm The fiber must be made of at least one of the following: aramid or cellulose-based fibers. 4- It is a system that conforms to Claim 1; its feature is that the wick is inside the wick holder tube (5) and the wick is in the reservoir (6). (1) is located in the section in the direction of; physically the fuel backflow It contains a capillary barrier element (9) that limits and exhibits unidirectional capillary transmission. 20 5- It is a system that complies with Claim 1; its feature is that it is located between the lid (3) and the reservoir (1) at least It contains one elastomeric sealing ring (4). 6- It is a system that conforms to Claim 1; its feature is that it is located on the fuel tank (1), on the tank wall. It includes integrated minimum and maximum fuel level indicator markings. 7- A variant suitable for the wick retention system specified in Claim 1 or 2; its characteristic is that the wick is 25 The end of the retaining tube (5) can be narrowed to a certain value, as well as any without any constriction or choke structure, and having the same inner diameter as the pipe's own body structure, It terminates in a linear and straight-sectional geometry. 8- A system that conforms to Request 1 or 2; its feature is that there is at least 1 in the wick holder tube (5). The wick (6) is placed at specific intervals inside the modular insert (7). 30 9- A system that conforms to any of the requirements 1-8; its feature is the wick holder tube (5) and wick (6) together, without modular insert (7) they are independent of each other. 10- It is a system that complies with Claim 4; its feature is that the said capillary barrier (9) is in the fuel flow. designed to allow flame regression and limit sudden pressure changes. That is. 35 11- A system that conforms to Request 1 or 2; its feature is that the flame is at the ends of the wick holder tubes (5). Stabilization Throat (8) creates a thermal barrier, thus preventing aromatic substances in the fuel from accumulating. the components evaporating at the ideal diffusion temperature before reaching the combustion zone It includes a thermal gradient control mechanism that provides this. 12- Decorative lighting with system specifications stated in Claims 1-11. A decorative lamp that, in addition to its functional purpose, also has the ability to diffuse fragrance into the environment.

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