HYBRID SEISMIC ANCHORING ASSEMBLY PROVIDING VISUAL AND DIGITAL WARNINGS UNDER OVERLOAD.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hybrid seismic anchor washer used in the construction technology field for column-beam connection points of steel structures, bridges, and buildings; it signals structural damage caused by earthquakes or overloads both through a visible color / shape change and an electronic signal.

Description

1 TARIFF 5 HYBRID PROVIDING VISUAL AND DIGITAL WARNINGS UNDER EXCESSIVE LOAD. SEISMIC ANCHORING SYSTEM Technological Field: This invention is used in the field of construction technologies for the structural engineering of steel structures, bridges, and buildings. Used at column-beam connection points; 10 that occur during earthquakes or overloading. Structural damage can be seen both with the naked eye through a change in color / shape and electronically. It relates to a hybrid seismic anchor washer that provides a signal. State of the Art: In current technology, steel structures, bridges, wind turbines, and columns of high-rise buildings... 15 to monitor the health condition of anchor bolts used at beam connection points There are various methods. In common practice, damage assessment after an earthquake or severe storm is largely... It is based on a visual inspection method carried out by expert civil engineers. However, this method is time-consuming, prone to human error, and can be used in concrete or coatings. It is insufficient in detecting deformations hidden beneath the surface. Furthermore, aftershock 20 While the risk persists, it is life-threatening for teams to enter damaged buildings. In advanced structures, Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is used. These systems include strain gauges and accelerometers. and uses load cells. However, these technologies require sensors to be constantly active. Because they need an uninterruptible power supply to operate and transmit data, disaster 25 Power outages during these times are a common occurrence, and at these moments the sensors... They become "blind," requiring cables to be run to each port or a battery replacement. the need for maintenance, the unsustainability of maintenance costs, and even if data goes to a central system, A technician or search and rescue personnel entering the building, holding a tablet / computer. Without it, it would be impossible to distinguish with the naked eye which bolt had come off in that chaos, like 30 It has fundamental disadvantages. Furthermore, a review of the patent literature reveals that it only... Simple mechanical washers that indicate bolt loosening (e.g., overlapping lines) It appears that there are either smart tokens that either slip (or simply emit electronic signals). However, both the passive visual warning that continues to work during a power outage (paint / flag) and active digital signal combined in a single hybrid body, resistant to seismic loads of 35 A counter-calibrated anchor washer is not included in the known state of the art. 2 Purpose of the invention: 5 Developed to eliminate the shortcomings listed in the known state of the art. The aim of this invention is to create structural connections without the need for any energy source. A permanent and visible warning is given when the critical stress threshold to which the points are subjected is exceeded. The goal is to develop a mechanical "fuse" system that provides protection in the event of a power outage. Thanks to this invention, even if there is a power outage... even damaged connection points, leaking colored liquid or flying mechanical parts 10 Thanks to this, it can be detected even from a distance by shining a flashlight on it. Explanation of the Figures Figure 1: General view of the seismic anchor washer, the subject of the invention, in its inactive state. perspective view Figure 2 - Longitudinal section view showing the internal mechanism of the invention. 15 Figure 3 - The invention has been activated (leaked liquid or raised a flag) under overload. damaged appearance in the situation Figure 4 - Application showing the invention in its assembled form at a column-beam connection point. appearance References: 20 1. Seismic anchor washer body 2. Anchor bolt 3. Clamping nut 4. Pressure chamber 5. Visual indicator 25 6. Mechanical fuse that breaks at a certain pressure. 7. Drain holes where the indicator exits. 8. Electronic warning unit 9. A trigger switch that converts mechanical motion into an electrical signal. Description of the Invention: 30 The high pressure and shear to which the invention will be subjected in its preferred configuration hardened and high-strength alloy to withstand strong forces. The seismic anchor washer body (1), made of metal, is like a standard washer. It is placed between the anchor bolt (2) and the compression nut (3). The system works The principle is based on the "threshold load value" logic. 35 integrated into the internal structure of the stamp. in the form of a metal membrane (diaphragm) or shear pin of a specific thickness 3 The mechanical fuse designed to break at a certain pressure (6) is 5 according to the static calculations of the structure. according to the specified critical load value (e.g., 90% or 110% of yield strength) It has been calibrated. In the event of a possible earthquake, the excess pressure generated on the Anchor bolt (2) Axial tensile or shear force, mechanical fuse (6) that breaks at a certain pressure It exerts pressure. When the critical threshold is exceeded, the fuse physically breaks or becomes permanent. It undergoes deformation. This fracture triggers a two-stage warning chain in the system: The first 10 At the stage, the mechanical fuse (6) breaks at a certain pressure, and the pressure chamber (4) The potential energy within it is converted into kinetic energy, making it either liquid-based or mechanically based. Passive visual detection occurs as a result. In the liquid-based variation, pressure inside the reservoir... Visual indicator (5) (preferably neon, held under or enclosed in microcapsules, (Industrial paint with phosphorescent or photoluminescent properties), released, Indicator 15 It spreads to the outer surface of the washer through the discharge holes (7) through which it exits. In this way Even in dark environments, the damaged connection point will glow, making it visible. (Mechanical) In the base variation, a brightly colored polymer ring is held in place by a compressed spring, or The flag, upon the fuse blowing, flies out of its socket and becomes visible around the washer. It creates a lane. In the second stage, it is an active digital 20 that is not limited to just a visual warning. The transmission system is activated. The mechanical fuse (6) breaks at a certain pressure. Replacement or breakage, mechanical movement embedded in the body converted into an electrical signal. on the rotary trigger switch (9) (micro-switch or piezoelectric sensor) It releases the pressure or closes the circuit. This triggers the electronic warning unit (8). It activates the unit. The unit connects to the building management system via a low-energy radio frequency. It instantly sends a data packet with a damage code. Thanks to this hybrid structure, the electricity... Even if there is a cut, visual identification is guaranteed, and even if the building has not collapsed, digital identification is guaranteed. It is possible.

Claims

4 REQUIREMENTS 5 1. The present invention relates to steel structures, bridges, and other structures in the field of construction technologies. Used at the load-bearing column-beam connection points of buildings; in case of earthquake or extreme weather conditions. Structural damage that occurs during loading is visible to the naked eye both in terms of color and shape. a hybrid seismic anchor that provides information both through changes in movement and via electronic signals It relates to the washer / washer; Seismic anchor washer body (1), Anchor bolt (2), 10 Compression nut (3), Pressure chamber (4), Visual indicator (5), At a specific pressure broken mechanical fuse (6), drain holes from which the indicator exits (7), Electronic warning unit (8) and Converting mechanical movement into electrical signal It is characterized by a trigger switch (9).