MULTI-AXIS WORKPIECE CHANGE SYSTEM

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-axis workpiece changing system. Specifically, it concerns a multifunctional system for machining dental materials that automatically grips and positions the workpiece hopper and performs workpiece changes via mechanisms that move linearly along the X, Y, and Z axes and rotate along the A and B axes.

Description

1 TARIFF MULTI-AXIS WORKPIECE CHANGE SYSTEM Technical Area The invention relates to a multi-axis workpiece changing system. The invention is specifically designed for the processing of dental materials, with linear motion in the X, Y, and Z axes. through mechanisms that can rotate the workpiece along the A and B axes. automatically grips and positions the hopper and handles workpiece changes. It is related to a multifunctional system that performs this function. State of the Art Current dental milling machines feature automated workpiece changing systems, making teeth 10 It plays an important role in terms of efficiency in prosthesis production. In these systems, In addition to the basic mechanical structures required for the precise processing of dental materials, additional mechanical and electronic components designed solely for performing workpiece changes Hardware is also used. This approach in current systems creates a complex structure. This brings with it significantly increased system costs. 15 Automatic workpiece changing is widely used in industrial applications. When dental systems are examined, two main approaches stand out. In the first approach, dental A separate automation system positioned next to the CNC milling machine. It is positioned in this structure where the main milling machine performs the processing function. During this process, an additional mechanical system simply enhances the workpiece changeover process. It manages. This situation creates the need for the integration of two separate systems, and in general This increases the complexity of the system. In the second approach, both the machining and transportation functions of the workpiece are combined into a single unit. Systems are designed that operate within an integrated structure. This integration... In these systems, different motors, drivers, and axes operate independently of each other. There are movement mechanisms. Separate mechanical systems for processing and conveying functions. The use of these systems increases the total number of components in the device and changes the control architecture. This complicates things and consequently increases production costs. A common problem with current practices is the basic requirements for processing dental parts. In addition to the components, there are additional mechanical and 30 components solely for the purpose of enabling workpiece changeover. 2 This involves the inclusion of electronic equipment into the system. These additional components make up the system as a whole. This not only increases the cost, but also raises the likelihood of failure and maintenance. These appear as factors that increase their needs. In conclusion, due to the negative aspects described above and the current solutions being the subject of discussion... Due to its shortcomings, an improvement in the relevant technical field is necessary. 5 It has been made. Purpose of the Invention The invention was created by drawing inspiration from existing situations and overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks. It aims to solve the problem. This invention enables the precision machining of dental materials and automated workpiece changing. 10 mechanical systems used in dental CNC machines that have the capabilities It is related to optimization. The main purpose of the invention is the processing of dental materials and replacement operations are performed using the same group of mechanical components. by eliminating the need for additional mechanical and electronic equipment in the system. to remove. 15 Current practices involve separate mechanical systems for processing and modification functions. In contrast to the approach of being carried out by [the relevant authority], within the scope of this invention, the workpiece Mechanical structures that move the workpiece during the cutting process and the process of changing the workpiece. Mechanical systems that manipulate during the process are within a single integrated group of components. It is integrated. Thanks to this integration, both the processing of dental materials and 20 the processes of changing them can be done efficiently using the same mechanical infrastructure. It can be accomplished. Another aim of the invention is to place this integration concept at the center of machine design. The aim is to restructure it in this way. Accordingly, the layout of the mechanical components. 25 ensuring both processing and modification functions are executed with optimal performance It is designed to allow for all processing and modification functions. separate motors, drivers, axis motion mechanisms or carrier systems for one The obligation to use it has been eliminated. Another aim of the invention is to reduce the overall cost of dental CNC machines. and the goal is to reduce system complexity. Fewer mechanical and electronic components. 30 Its use increases the reliability of the system, as well as reducing maintenance requirements and troubleshooting. 3 It also reduces the possibility of problems. In addition, this design, which has a compact structure, is particularly advantageous. This provides a significant advantage in dental laboratories with limited workspace. In summary, this invention allows for the creation of more advanced dental CNC machines without compromising their core functionality. The aim is to provide an integrated, cost-effective, and space-saving solution. To fulfill the purposes described above, the invention relates to the processing of dental materials. 5 and is an integrated system for workpiece changeover,  Y-axis linear slide, Y-axis carriage that provides movement in the Y-axis. a Y-axis carriage containing a Y-axis ball screw and a Y-axis motor component that enables movement in that direction,  10 that provide movement in the Z-axis and movement in the Y-axis. Z-axis linear slide mounted on the component, Z-axis carriage, A Z-axis line including a Z-axis ball screw and a Z-axis motor. component that enables movement,  Fixed onto the component that provides movement along the Y-axis, B A B 15 that provides vertical rotation, containing a B-axis motor and a B-axis gear system. axis component,  A workpiece hopper into which the user inserts material,  The component that holds and supports the workpiece housing, positioned on the B-axis, and connected to B and Y. and by moving along the Z axes, the workpiece inside the workpiece housing moves along the Y, Dynamically positioned along the Z and B axes by the spindle 20 to enable processing, a device that moves the workpiece towards the spindle. reservoir gripper,  the initial positioning of the workpiece hopper, dependent on the machine component a workpiece holder,  X-axis movement enabled, X-axis linear slide, X-axis carriage 25 an X-axis carriage, X-axis ball screw, X-axis motor and a spindle. component that enables movement in that direction,  A clutch containing a piston, collet, spring, spring adjustment pin, and pull pin. mechanism It includes and when the hopper gripper contacts the workpiece hopper, the piston spring adjustment is 30. By applying pressure to the pin, it compresses the spring and releases the clamp, piston pressure. 4 When it is lifted, the spring returns to its uncompressed state, inside the pliers' reservoir gripper. In its housing, it grips the pull pin in the workpiece holder. The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention are given in the figures below. This becomes clearer thanks to the detailed explanation written with references to these figures. This will be understood, and therefore the evaluation should also take these figures and detailed explanations into account. 5 It needs to be done by taking precautions. Figures that will help understand the invention. Figure 1 shows a general view of the system that is the subject of the invention. Figures 2-4 show the general views of the reservoir gripper. Figure 5 shows top and cross-sectional views of the hopper gripper. 10 Figure 6 shows the view of the workpiece hopper holder on the machine. Figure 7 shows the system, which is the subject of the invention, integrated with a machine. Figures 8a–8n show the views of the workpiece change stages. Figure 9 shows the A, B, X, Y, and Z axes. Description of Part References 15 1 Y-axis linear slide 2 Y-axis transport trolleys 3 Y-axis ball screws 4 Y-axis motors Z-axis linear slide 20 6 Z-axis carriage 7 Z-axis ball screw 8 Z-axis motors 9A axis motor A-axis gear system 25 11B axis motor 12B axis gear system 13 Reservoir gripper 14 Workpiece holders Workpiece holder 30 16 X-axis linear slide 17 X-axis carriage 18 X-axis ball screw 19 X-axis motors Workpiece 21 Piston 22 Pens 5 23 Springs 24 Spring adjustment pins pull pin 26 Spindles Detailed Description of the Invention 10 In this detailed description, the preferred configurations of the system that is the subject of the invention are listed only. This is explained to facilitate a better understanding of the subject. This invention is for the processing of dental materials and automated workpiece changeover. It offers an integrated system. The mechanical structure of the system allows for both processing and replacement. 15 that can perform their functions using the same axis mechanisms It is structured. The system essentially consists of various axis systems that work together in an integrated manner. It consists of components that provide movement along the Y-axis; movement along the Y-axis. linear guidance which will be the bearing for the Y-axis transport cars (2). The structural elements that provide movement along the Y-axis are the Y-axis linear slide (1), 20 and carrying the Z-axis system, moving on Y-axis linear slides (1) movable Y-axis carriage (2), providing drive to the Y-axis carriage (2), Y-axis ball screw (3) which converts rotary motion into linear motion and Y-axis ball screw (3) The Y-axis that enables the movement of the Y-axis carriage (2) in the Y direction by rotating it. It has a motor (4). 25 The components that provide movement along the Z-axis are the Z-axis transport trolleys (6) Z-axis linear slide (5), which provides support and vertical guidance, hopper Z-axis carrier that carries the gripper (13) vertically, moving along the Z-axis Z carriage (6) is used to move the Z-axis carriage (6) up and down. By rotating the axis screw (7) and the Z axis screw (7), the transport carriage is vertically (Z 30 It includes a Z-axis motor (8) that enables movement (on the axis). This Z-axis system, Y It is mounted on a system that provides movement along the axis; that is, the Z-axis. 6 at least one Z-axis linear slide (5) that provides movement in the direction of Z-axis transport carriage (6), Z-axis ball screw (7) and Z-axis motor (8) on the Y-axis direction at least one Y-axis linear slide (1) providing movement, Y-axis transport trolley (2), Y-axis The ball screw (3) and Y-axis motor (4) are installed. This configuration makes the system vertical and It forms the basis of mobility in horizontal planes. 5 For the A and B axes that provide the rotational movement; the hopper gripper (13) A A-axis motor (9) that enables rotation on the A-axis (horizontal rotation) A axis is the gear mechanism that transmits the torque from the motor (9) to the hopper gripper (13). The gear system (10) moves the hopper gripper (13) in the B axis (vertical rotation). The B-axis motor (11) that enables it and the rotation from the B-axis motor (11) 10 A B-axis gear system (12) is used to transmit the movement to the gripper. B-axis motor (11) and B-axis gear system (12) which provide movement in the B-axis, Y At least one Y-axis linear slide (1) that provides movement along the Y-axis, Y-axis The transport trolley (2) is fixed onto the Y-axis ball screw (3) and the Y-axis motor (4). A-axis motor (9) and A-axis gear system (10) which provide movement in the A-axis, B 15 B axis motor (11) and B axis gear system (12) which provide movement on the axis It is positioned in such a way that it can perform circular motion around its axis. This structure Thanks to this, the A axis can rotate around the B axis; thus, both the A and B axes can rotate. It can be moved along both the Y and Z axes. The A axis is necessary for the system to function. It is optional. 20 For workpiece manipulation of the system; A, B, Y, which hold and carry the workpiece container (14), The hopper gripper (13), which is the end effector that can move in the Z axes, is used by the user. workpiece hopper into which material is placed and carried by hopper gripper (13) (14), passive fixing point where the workpiece holder (14) is initially positioned. workpiece holder (15) and workpiece (20) which is the material being processed 25 The hopper gripper (13) is located in the carrier system that moves along the A and B axes. placed on top, it moves along four axes (Y, Z, A, B) during the material change process. They are enabled to move freely. Providing movement along the X-axis; bearing for the X-axis carriage (17) and the X-axis linear slide (16) on which the linear horizontal movement of the spindle (26) takes place, work 30 The X-axis carriage (17) carrying the spindle (26) and moving along the X-axis, X X-axis ball screw (18) and spindle which provide linear drive to the axis carriage (17) 7 (26) X-axis that moves along the X-axis, rotating the X-axis screw shaft (18) It has a spindle (26) which is the processing equipment with the motor (19). For the clutch mechanism; when pressure is applied to the head of the spring adjustment pin (24), the spring (23) piston (21) that compresses and moves the clamp (22) from the compressed position to the open position, chamber Thanks to the spring (23) inside the gripper (13), it is clamped and placed on the workpiece housing (14) 5 The pliers (22) holding and fixing the pull pin (25) exert a pulling force on the pliers (22). By applying the spring (23) that compresses the pliers (22) inside the reservoir gripper (13), spring (23) passing through it and screwing the pliers (22), the spring (23) is prevented from being hit while being compressed. spring adjustment pin (24) and puller which holds the spring (23) inside the system with its wide head. pin (25) is located. 10 When the workpiece (20) change operation starts, the hopper gripper (13) Y, Z, A and B Moving along its axes, it is directed towards the workpiece hopper holder (15). The workpiece holder (15) can hold at least one workpiece (20) into it by the user. It grips the workpiece holder (14) which is placed inside. Then the holder grips the workpiece. (13) with the workpiece holder (14) attached, workpiece holder 15 It is separated from its holder (15). The hopper gripper (13) moves the workpiece hopper (14) it receives along the Y, Z, A and B axes. The machine moves the workpiece towards the spindle (26). The machine moves the workpiece through the spindle (26). It mills the workpiece (material) (20) inside its chamber (14). Milling operation During this time, the spindle (26) has at least one X-axis linear 20 that provides movement along the X-axis. slide (16), X-axis carriage (17), X-axis ball screw (18), X-axis motor (19) While moving with the aid of; the workpiece (20) is dynamic in the Y, Z, A and B axes. It is positioned in this way. After the operation is completed, the hopper gripper (13) is repositioned. Turning towards the material hopper holder (15) to perform the material change It returns and the cycle continues. 25 On the surface where the hopper gripper (13) contacts the workpiece hopper (14), there must be at least one There is a pull pin (25). The hopper gripper (13) is attached to the workpiece hopper holder (15) As the placed workpiece moves toward contact with the chamber (14), the chamber positioned behind the gripper (13) (i.e. where it contacts the workpiece housing (14)) (in the opposite direction) piston (21) presses on at least one spring adjustment pin (24) 30 It applies pressure to the spring adjustment pin (24). When pressure is applied to the spring adjustment pin (24), the spring adjustment pin (24) The spring (23) through which it passes is compressed. The other spring adjustment pin (24) The pliers (22) attached to the end remain free in their socket inside the reservoir gripper (13) 8 It becomes decompressed. From inside the clamp (22), the workpiece is in the chamber (14) The pull pin (25) passes through. When the piston (21) stops pressing, the spring (23) is not compressed. It becomes the case and the pliers (22) attached to the spring adjustment pin (24) are the reservoir gripper (13) It is stuck in its housing with the pull pin (25) inside. Thus the reservoir The gripper (13) has gripped the workpiece holder (14). 5 Workpiece hoppers (14) are located inwards at the mouth of the workpiece hopper holders (15). It gets stuck as it passes through, and due to this compression, it remains suspended. Hand or The axes are removed or positioned by applying a force for movement. Part holders (15) are attached to the machine parts. The motors on the axes are connected to the ball screws they are paired with via a belt pulley system and couplings. Alternatively, it can be connected via a bearing and power transmission can be achieved through these intermediate components. Hopper holders (15) move with the movement of the Z, Y, B axes of the hopper gripper (13), the machine everywhere it can reach, such as the front, back, bottom, and top of the machine. It can be positioned.

Claims

9 REQUESTS 1. An integrated system for processing dental materials and workpiece changeover (20) It is a system and its feature is;  Y-axis linear slide (1), which provides movement in the Y-axis, Y-axis transport A Y-axis 5 which includes a carriage (2), Y-axis ball screw (3) and Y-axis motor (4). component that enables movement in that direction,  Enables movement along the Z-axis, enables movement along the Y-axis Z-axis linear slide (5), mounted on the component, Z-axis carriage a Z-axis carriage (6), Z-axis ball screw (7) and Z-axis motor (8) component that enables movement in that direction, 10  Fixed onto the component that provides movement along the Y-axis, B vertical rotation including axis motor (11) and B axis gear system (12) a B-axis component that provides,  a workpiece hopper into which material is placed by the user (14),  The component holding and carrying the workpiece holder (14) is placed on the B-axis component and 15 Moving along the B, Y and Z axes, the workpiece inside the workpiece housing (14) by dynamically positioning the part (20) on the Y, Z and B axes To enable the workpiece (20) to be machined by the spindle (26), the workpiece is placed on the spindle (26). (26) a container gripper (13) for carrying correctly,  The workpiece hopper (14) is initially positioned on the machine assembly 20 a connected workpiece holder (15),  X-axis linear slide (16), which provides movement in the X-axis, X-axis transport carriage (17), X-axis ball screw (18), X-axis motor (19) and a spindle (26) a component that enables movement along an X-axis,  25 containing piston (21), pliers (22), spring (23), spring adjustment pin (24) and pull pin (25) a grasping mechanism It contains and when the hopper gripper (13) contacts the workpiece hopper (14), the piston (21) compressing the spring (23) by applying pressure to the spring adjustment pin (24) and the pliers (22) When the piston (21) pressure is released, the spring (23) returns to its uncompressed state. Passing through the socket (13) of the clamp (22), the workpiece 30 It is to grip the pull pin (25) in the reservoir (14).

2. A system that conforms to Claim 1, and its characteristic is;  A component is mounted on the part that provides movement along the Z-axis. horizontal rotation including axis motor (9) and A-axis gear system (10) an A-axis component that provides,  Fixed onto the component that provides movement along the Y-axis, B Vertical rotation 5, including axis motor (11) and B axis gear system (12). providing; the A-axis component on the B-axis component around the B-axis. a B-axis component positioned so that it can perform circular motion,  A-axis component and B-axis component that hold and carry the workpiece housing (14) placed on it and moving along the A, B, Y, and Z axes, the workpiece The workpiece (20) inside the chamber (14) has a dynamic 10 in the Y, Z, A and B axes. positioned in such a way as to enable it to be processed by the spindle (26), a hopper gripper (13) to move the workpiece (20) toward the spindle (26) It includes.

3. It is a system that conforms to Claim 1 and its feature is that the hopper gripper (13) has Z, Y, B axes. With its movement, the container can be positioned anywhere it can reach inside the machine. 15 It contains retainers (15).

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