Vehicle seat with backrest made of frame element and knitted fabric

Abstract

The invention is a car seat (1) comprising a seat section (2) and a backrest section (3), the backrest section comprising a frame element (4) surrounding an inner surface (13) and a knitted fabric (5) arranged on the frame element; the frame element comprises at least one fastening element (41, 42) on each of at least two opposing inner sides (15a, 16a) and the knitted fabric comprises a complementary fastening element (23a, 24a) arranged on the rear side, which is accordingly complementary; the knitted fabric is fastened to the frame element via the fastening elements in such a way as to wrap the frame element at least partially from the outside to the inside, starting from a front side facing the seat section of the frame element and essentially being fully taut.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a vehicle seat comprising a seat section and a backrest section, the backrest section having a frame element enclosing an inner surface and a knitted fabric arranged on the frame element. The invention further relates to an interior fitting of a means of transport, in particular a means of passenger transport, comprising a vehicle seat, and to a method for manufacturing a backrest for a vehicle seat.

[0002] These types of vehicle seats are used, for example, in passenger transport such as trains. Such transport vehicles are designed and suitable for carrying a large number of people and include, for example, rail vehicles or aircraft. Examples of rail vehicles include local and / or long-distance trains, commuter trains, subways, and similar systems. The available space for and around the seat is often limited in such transport vehicles. Therefore, there is a need to utilize the available space as efficiently as possible. Ideally, as many passengers as possible should be able to be accommodated in a single vehicle. Furthermore, the weight and cost of the vehicle seats play a crucial role, simply due to the large number required in such transport vehicles, and these aspects are particularly disadvantageous with existing vehicle seats.The ease and speed of replacing wear parts, such as covers, is also particularly relevant, as the intensive use by a large number of passengers, as well as vandalism, necessitates the replacement of covers at regular intervals, which is usually time-consuming and costly for well-known vehicle seats.

[0003] Document US 5 013 089 A, for example, discloses a prior art vehicle seat.

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle seat that overcomes the aforementioned disadvantages. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide an interior fitting for a means of transport that overcomes the aforementioned disadvantages. Finally, the object of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a backrest component for a vehicle seat that overcomes the aforementioned disadvantages.

[0005] The problem is solved by the subject matter of claims 1 and 8 and the method of claim 9. Advantageous embodiments are described in the dependent claims.

[0006] The core concept of the invention is a vehicle seat with a seat part and a backrest part, in which the backrest part has a frame element enclosing an inner surface and a knitted fabric arranged on the frame element, wherein the frame element has at least one fastening element on at least two opposite inner surfaces and the knitted fabric has a complementary fastening element arranged on the rear, wherein the knitted fabric is attached to the frame element by the fastening elements in such a way that the knitted fabric at least partially surrounds the frame element from the outside inwards, starting from a front of the frame element facing the seat part, and is essentially completely taut.

[0007] The term "essentially" used herein is to be interpreted as including even minor tolerance deviations with respect to a feature. The frame element encloses an inner surface. According to the invention, an inner surface is understood to be a material-free or empty area that is circumferentially bounded by the enclosing frame element.

[0008] According to the invention, the knitted fabric constitutes a seat cover for the backrest, in particular a knitted seat cover. Such a knitted fabric is advantageously produced using a knitting machine. This advantageous use of a knitted fabric allows for a high degree of variability in the design of areas with different elasticities. Such knitted fabrics can advantageously have both flexible and rigid, or firm, sections. Compared to conventional woven fabrics, knitted fabrics can be produced very easily, cost-effectively, and tailored to specific applications.

[0009] A knitted fabric can be produced using certain yarns, preferably having at least one of the following properties: maximum tensile strength of no more than 60 N, elongation of no more than 20%, and material made of polyester or at least partially of polyester.

[0010] It is also conceivable that different types of knitted fabric are used, which may have different patterns.

[0011] A complementary design of the fastening elements of the frame element and the knitted fabric is understood to mean a design such that the fastening elements enable a permanent, and in particular detachable, positive-locking connection between the frame element and the knitted fabric. Furthermore, in addition to the ability to connect them, the complementary design also refers to the spatial arrangement of the fastening elements on the frame element and the knitted fabric, such that this arrangement allows for a corresponding connection of the fastening elements when the knitted fabric is positioned on the frame element as intended. The number of fastening elements on the frame element and the knitted fabric is therefore preferably identical, with each fastening element on the frame element having a complementary fastening element in terms of shape and spatial arrangement, or vice versa.

[0012] The inventive design of the vehicle seat backrest with frame element and knitted fabric ensures that no further elements for support and / or padding are necessary, at least in the area of ​​the inner surface. This allows for savings in costs, space, and weight compared to conventional vehicle seats.

[0013] Preferably, the vehicle seat described here is a railway seat, i.e., a seat for rail vehicles such as local and / or long-distance trains, suburban trains, subways and similar.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the knitted fabric is arranged to flex freely on the front of the frame element, at least in the area of ​​the inner surface. Preferably, the knitted fabric is arranged on or above the inner surface, or sectionally on or above and within the inner surface. This is preferably also due to the inclusion of a cushion support element within the knitted fabric and offers visual and ergonomic advantages. Preferably, the knitted fabric provides the sole support and / or padding for a seat user, at least in the area of ​​the inner surface. Due to the flexible arrangement in the area of ​​the inner surface, the knitted fabric can stretch backward into or beyond the inner surface when a seat user places a load on it, thus ensuring the padding or support is provided.Advantageously, the seat cover is designed and intended to withstand the force exerted by the user. The knitted fabric therefore advantageously possesses a corresponding degree of stability. Consequently, no additional supporting or padding elements are advantageously arranged in the inner surface. The knitted fabric can be arranged either entirely on or over the inner surface. This is particularly the case if no padding support element is provided in the knitted fabric. Alternatively, the knitted fabric can be arranged section by section on, over, or within the inner surface, which is the case if a padding support element is provided.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the frame element comprises a continuous upper section for supporting the head and a lower section with an inner surface for supporting the back. In contrast to the inner surface, the upper section is continuous, i.e., not material-free, and may also include a foam element for additional head padding. Preferably, an inner surface of the upper section bounds the inner surface from above, and three inner surfaces of the lower section bound the inner surface laterally and from below. More preferably, the frame element has at least one fastening element on each of the inner surfaces bounding the inner surface. This arrangement of fastening elements advantageously holds the knitted fabric under tension on the frame element.Preferably, the fastening elements on the frame element and the knitted fabric are designed such that the fastening of the knitted fabric to the frame element can be released without damage. Particularly preferably, the fastening between the frame element and the knitted fabric is a releasable, form-fitting connection.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, the fastening elements on the frame element are designed as hooks, strips, hook-and-loop fasteners, zippers, or snap fasteners. Preferably, several different types of fastening elements or only one type of fastening element are provided. The fastening elements should not be limited to the types mentioned here. Preferably, the type or types of fastening elements are selected to suit the specific application. All types of fastening elements advantageously share the characteristic of ensuring a releasable, positive-locking connection. Furthermore, preferably, several fastening elements or a continuous fastening element are arranged on the inner sides of the frame element, distributed along the length of the inner side. In this way, a particularly stable fastening and tensioning of the knitted fabric are ensured.

[0017] According to the invention, the knitted fabric has an upper, tubular section with two open ends. Such tubular knitted fabrics can be considered as opposing planar structures connected to each other at two outer edges. Advantageously, such a knitted fabric is produced using a 3D knitting process. According to the invention, one open end is closed. In simplified terms, the upper section thus has the shape of a sock that can be easily pulled over the garment. According to the invention, the upper, tubular section of the knitted fabric is arranged to enclose the upper area of ​​the frame element. This design and arrangement of the upper section ensures easy positioning of the knitted fabric on the frame element before it is wrapped around the frame by fastening it with the fasteners.Preferably, the knitted fabric has a substantially planar lower section that adjoins the upper section directly at the front. Particularly preferably, the lower section contacts the lower area of ​​the frame element from the front and at least partially encompasses the lower area from the outside in, starting from the front of the frame element. Preferably, the lower section is designed as a flat knitted fabric. A flat knitted fabric is a substantially planar structure that is bordered by outer edges. This planar structure can have any shape, for example, polygonal. If the thickness of the flat knitted fabric is neglected, it can be assumed to be a substantially two-dimensional planar structure. In this way, the lower section can be easily adapted to the shape of the lower area of ​​the frame element, so that it at least partially encompasses or...It is possible to completely fasten the knitted fabric to the frame element.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the complementary fastening elements of the knitted fabric are arranged at the rear edge of the open second opening side of the upper section and at the side and bottom edge of the lower section. This arrangement of the fastening elements allows the knitted fabric to be attached to the fastening elements on all inner surfaces of the frame element that define the inner surface. Preferably, the fastening element on the upper section extends continuously along the length of the open second opening side. More preferably, the fastening elements on the lower section are arranged as multiple fastening elements along the edge of the left, right, and bottom sides.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, at least two, in particular at least four and especially preferably six, fastening units are firmly arranged on the knitted fabric.

[0020] Preferably, the fastening units have fastening elements arranged on the knitted fabric, and each fastening unit comprises at least one fastening element. Preferably, the fastening units are attached to the knitted fabric at the edge, particularly opposite each other, and are designed as strips. More preferably, the fastening elements arranged on the fastening units project beyond a base surface of the knitted fabric. Preferably, the fastening units are made of a different material than the knitted fabric, particularly a rigid and tear-resistant material. In this way, the fastening units are not elastic on the knitted fabric and provide a secure hold for the complementary fastening elements on the frame element.Furthermore, the subsequent attachment of the fastening units and thus the fastening elements allows the position and type of the respective fastening elements to be adapted to the existing conditions or designs of the frame element.

[0021] Preferably, at least in the area of ​​the inner surface, a support element for the cushion is arranged in or on the knitted fabric and held exclusively by it. More preferably, the support element for the cushion is essentially planar. Preferably, the support element for the cushion extends essentially parallel to the inner surface. More preferably, the support element for the cushion has a uniform thickness or a varying thickness. If the support element for the cushion has a uniform thickness, its manufacture and positioning on or in the knitted fabric is particularly simple. In the case of a varying thickness, an additional function can be incorporated into the support element for the cushion, for example, a structure specifically adapted to the back of a seat user. The thickness of the support element refers to its extension from front to back, i.e., in the installed state, from the seat section towards the backrest section or vice versa.The upholstery support element preferably has a convex lower segment that curves forward toward the seat and / or a convex middle segment that curves backward. Preferably, the lower segment has a uniform thickness across the entire width of the upholstery support element, tapering upwards. Equally preferably, the middle segment has a thickness that tapers outwards in both width and height. Preferably, the upholstery support element also has an upper segment with a uniform thickness. Preferably, the lower segment of the upholstery support element provides support for the lower lumbar region, and the middle segment provides support for the upper lumbar region. The above-described design of the upholstery support element enables a back-friendly and comfortable sitting posture for the user, especially on longer journeys.

[0022] Preferably, the cushion support element is attached to the back of the knitted fabric, i.e., on the side of the knitted fabric facing away from the seat, in particular by sewing. Alternatively, the knitted fabric is designed as a double-layered fabric, at least in the area of ​​the inner surface, and has a closable opening on the back, so that a pocket element is provided in the knitted fabric into which the cushion support element can be inserted through the opening. Preferably, the pocket element is designed to be complementary to the cushion support element. Particularly preferably, the dimensions of the pocket element are chosen to be smaller than the dimensions of the cushion support element, so that when the cushion support element is inserted, the knitted fabric is stretched around it in the area of ​​the pocket element. In this way, a secure hold and an improved appearance are ensured.Preferably, the opening can be reversibly closed by means of a closure element, in particular a thread, a hook-and-loop fastener, a zipper, or snap fasteners. If the padding support element is attached to the back of the knitted fabric, it can be attached particularly easily and with minimal material waste. In the version with a pocket element, a particularly stable and secure positioning of the padding support element within the knitted fabric is possible, and the padding support element is thus protected from damage, for example, when attaching or removing the knitted fabric from the frame element. The closure element variants mentioned here are not intended to be exhaustive, and further variants are conceivable. The crucial factor is the reversible, non-destructive closing or opening capability for inserting or removing the padding support element.

[0023] Due to the preferred design of the upholstery support element and the knitted fabric described above, it is particularly easy to adapt the upholstery support element to the given dimensions of the seat and the required functionality, whereby the elasticity of the knitted fabric means that such an adaptation of the upholstery support element does not require any changes to the knitted fabric.

[0024] Preferably, the lower section of the knitted fabric, on or in which the upholstery support element is arranged, is convex, at least in the area of ​​the inner surface, towards the front in the direction of the seat, so that a convex front area is formed which, from the front, gives the appearance of an attached cushion. This arrangement ensures that the back of a seat user first comes into contact with the upholstery support element arranged in or on the knitted fabric, thus guaranteeing optimal padding and support.

[0025] The task is also solved by the interior design of a means of transport, in particular a means of passenger transport, comprising at least one vehicle seat. The vehicle seat can exhibit all the features described above, individually or in combination, and vice versa.

[0026] The problem is further solved by a method for manufacturing a backrest part for a vehicle seat, comprising at least the following steps: a. Providing a frame element and a knitted fabric, wherein the frame element has at least one fastening element on each of at least two opposite inner sides and the knitted fabric has a complementary fastening element arranged on the reverse side; b. Applying the knitted fabric to the frame element on a front side of the frame element facing the seat part; c. Fastening the knitted fabric to the frame element by means of the fastening elements, such that the knitted fabric at least partially encircles the frame element from the outside in; d. Obtaining the backrest part with the knitted fabric at least partially encircling the frame element, wherein the knitted fabric has an upper tubular section with two opening sides, a first opening side being closed, and wherein the upper tubular section of the knitted fabric is arranged to enclose the upper area of ​​the frame element.

[0027] The method according to the invention provides a simple and time-saving way to manufacture a backrest part for a vehicle seat with a frame element and a knitted fabric. The frame element is at least partially enclosed or covered with the knitted fabric, so that the knitted fabric, starting from a front side of the frame element facing the seat part, at least partially encircles the frame element from the outside in and is essentially completely taut.

[0028] According to a preferred embodiment, step b. of applying the knitted fabric to the frame element comprises slipping an upper tubular section of the knitted fabric over the frame element, the section having two opening sides, wherein a first opening side is closed, the upper tubular section of the knitted fabric being arranged to enclose the upper area of ​​the frame element, the upper area being continuous and serving to support the head.

[0029] According to a preferred embodiment, step c of attaching the knitted fabric to the frame element comprises, first, attaching the fastening elements of the knitted fabric located at the bottom edge of the lower section to the complementary fastening elements of the frame element on the lower inner side of the lower region. Then, the fastening elements of the knitted fabric located at the sides (left and right) of the lower section are attached to the complementary fastening elements of the frame element on the lateral inner sides (left and right) of the lower region. Finally, the fastening element of the knitted fabric at the rear edge of the upper section is attached to the fastening element on the inner side of the upper region of the frame element, which forms the upper boundary of the inner surface, at the open second opening side of the upper tubular section.

[0030] Attaching the knitted fabric to the frame element can also be described as stretching or tensioning, since the knitted fabric is only brought under tension by the four-sided fastening using the fastening elements.

[0031] All features described above relating to the vehicle seat or interior fittings shall, individually or in combination with each other, also be deemed disclosed for the process and vice versa.

[0032] Further advantages, objectives, and features of the present invention are explained with reference to the accompanying figures. Similar components may have the same reference numerals in the different embodiments.

[0033] The figures show: Fig. 1 a perspective view of an interior fitting according to one embodiment; Fig. 2 an exploded view of a backrest part according to one embodiment; Fig. 3a a front view of a backrest part according to one embodiment; Fig. 3b a rear view of a backrest part according to one embodiment; Fig. 3c a side view of a backrest part according to one embodiment; Fig. 4a a sectional view along section S1 from Fig. 3b of a backrest section according to one embodiment; Fig. 4 sectional view along section S2 from Fig. 3b of a backrest part according to one embodiment; Fig. 4 a sectional view along section S3 from Fig. 3b of a backrest part according to one embodiment; Fig. 5a a perspective view of a frame element according to one embodiment; Fig. 5b a front view of a frame element according to one embodiment; Fig. 5c a rear view of a frame element according to one embodiment; Fig. 5a a side view of a frame element according to one embodiment; Fig. 6a a rear view of a knitted fabric according to one embodiment; Fig. 6b a side view of a knitted fabric according to one embodiment; Fig. 7a-c various views of a cushion support element according to one embodiment; Fig. 8 a method according to one embodiment; Fig. 9 a possible use of different knitted fabrics, schematically illustrated; Fig. 10a-c various knitting patterns.

[0034] In the figures, identical components are to be understood by their corresponding reference symbols. For clarity, some components may not be labeled with a reference symbol in certain figures, but are identified elsewhere.

[0035] In Fig. 1 The figure shows a perspective view of the interior of a means of transport, here a train or railway, in the form of a double railway seat comprising two vehicle seats according to the invention, which has the essential features of the present invention.

[0036] Such an interior fitting 100 essentially consists of two adjacent vehicle seats 1, each comprising a seat section 2, a backrest section 3, armrests 8, headrests 9 and a cantilever-like seat base 10.

[0037] In Fig. 2 The backrest part 3 of a vehicle seat 1 according to the invention is shown in an exploded view.

[0038] The backrest part 3 comprises a frame element 4 and a knitted fabric 5 which is detachably connected to it, in particular in a form-fitting manner, or which is attached to it.

[0039] The frame element 4 has an upper region 11 and an associated lower region 12. The upper region 11, together with the lower region 12, encloses an inner surface 13, the inner surface 13 being exposed, i.e., no further elements of the frame element 4 are arranged there. The inner surface 13 is essentially rectangular.

[0040] The upper section 11 has a top surface 14a with two rounded corners and a crossbar 14b with an inner surface 14c, wherein the crossbar 14b and the inner surface 14c close off the upper section 11 downwards towards the inner surface 13. The upper section 11 further includes a headrest mounting 44 to which the headrest 9 can be attached. Preferably, the headrest 9 is attached to the frame element 4 by means of screws, so that the headrest mounting 44 has corresponding screw threads. A substantially rectangular foam insert 19 is arranged between the headrest mounting 44 and the crossbar 14b, which serves as padding or support for the shoulders.

[0041] The lower section 12 comprises a first lateral brace 15 with an inner surface 15a facing the inner surface 13, an outer surface 15b opposite the inner surface, a front surface 15c facing the seat section 2, and an opposite rear surface 15d. The lower section 12 comprises a second lateral brace 16 with an inner surface 16a facing the inner surface 13, an outer surface 16b opposite the inner surface, a front surface 16c facing the seat section 2, and an opposite rear surface 16d. The lower section 12 comprises a transverse brace 17 with an inner surface 17a (or upper surface 17b) facing the inner surface 13, an outer surface 17b (or lower surface 17b) opposite the inner surface, a front surface 17c facing the seat section 2, and an opposite rear surface 17d.

[0042] On the inner side 15a, several fastening elements 41 in the form of hooks are formed along its length, projecting into the inner surface 13. On the inner side 16a, several fastening elements 42 in the form of hooks are formed along its length, projecting into the inner surface 13. On the inner side 17a, several fastening elements 43 in the form of hooks are formed along its length, projecting into the inner surface 13.

[0043] On the outer surface 17b and underside 17b, a seat leg connecting element 30a, 30b for connecting to the seat leg 10 and a seat section connecting element 31a, 31b for connecting to the seat section 2 are arranged laterally (left and right). The side struts 15, 16 each have a connecting axis 40a, 40b, so that the side struts 15, 16 are, in effect, divided into two parts. This has the advantage that the connected seat section 2 can be moved forwards and backwards, and thus only the lower part of the side struts 15, 16 of the lower area 12 moves up to the connecting axes 40a, 40b. Furthermore, a support strut 18 is provided, which is connected at each end to the rear surfaces 15d, 16d of the side struts 15, 16 and runs behind the inner surface 13. The support strut 18 has a stabilizing effect.

[0044] The knitted fabric 5 has an upper section 20 and a lower section 21. The upper section 20 is tubular in shape with a closed upper opening 20a and an open lower opening 20b. In its installed state, the upper section 20 is fitted over the upper region 11 of the frame element 4. The upper section 20 also has a headrest recess 29 with circular openings 33. The headrest 9 is positioned in the area of ​​the headrest recess 29, with the openings 33 being designed for the passage of screws that are fastened in the headrest mounting 44 of the upper region 11.

[0045] The lower section 21 is essentially flat and connects directly to the front of the second opening side 20b of the upper section 20. In the installed state, the lower section 21 contacts the lower area 12 of the frame element 4 from the front. Starting from the front of the frame element 4, the lower section 21 at least partially encompasses or spans the lower area 12 from the outside inwards.

[0046] Furthermore, in the lower section 21, the knitted fabric 5 is designed as a double-layered knitted fabric 5, at least in the area of ​​the inner surface 13, and has a closable opening 34 on the back, so that a pocket element 45 is provided in the knitted fabric 5, into which a cushion support element 32 can be inserted via the opening 34 into the knitted fabric 5, the pocket element 45 being complementary to the cushion support element 32. The cushion support element 32 is arranged in the area of ​​the inner surface 13 and is essentially planar and extends essentially parallel to the inner surface 13. The knitted fabric 5 and the cushion support element 32 provide the only padding and / or support for the back of a seated user in the area of ​​the inner surface 13, without the need for or being required to have any other elements there.

[0047] On the reverse side of the knitted fabric 5 are an upper fastening unit 22 with a fastening element 22a extending over its entire length, a first lateral fastening unit 23 with several fastening elements 23a distributed along its length, a second lateral fastening unit 24 with several fastening elements 24a distributed along its length, a third lateral fastening unit 25 with several fastening elements 25a distributed along its length, a fourth lateral fastening unit 26 with several fastening elements 26a distributed along its length, and a lower fastening unit 27 with several fastening elements 27a distributed along its length. Details regarding the positions of the fastening units 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 on the reverse side of the knitted fabric are given in connection with Fig. 3b The fastening elements 23a, 24a, 25a, 26a, 27a are designed as slot-like recesses that are complementary to the hook-shaped fastening elements 41, 42, 43, thus ensuring a releasable positive-locking connection. The fastening element 22a is strip-shaped and can thus interact with the cross member 14b or the inner surface 14c of the cross member 14b to form a releasable positive-locking connection. Therefore, the cross member 14b and the inner surface 14c themselves are designed as fastening elements or can be referred to as fastening elements 14b, 14c of the frame element 4, with the frame element 4 also having this fastening element on its inner surface 14c. The lateral fastening units 23, 24, 25, 26 are each subdivided on the left and right, i.e.,in fastening units 23 and 25 and 24 and 26, since the side struts 15 and 16 of the frame element 4 are also subdivided by the connecting axes 40a, 40b and in this way the rotation about the axis and the stable fastening are ensured.

[0048] Furthermore, a closure element 28 is shown, which is designed to create an opening 34 in the knitted fabric 5 (not shown here; see below). Fig. 3b ) releasably and forcefully closed.

[0049] In Fig. 3a A front view of a backrest section 3 is shown. The knitted fabric 5 is visible, with the upper section 20 and the lower section 21, which contains the upholstery support element 32 arranged in the pocket element 45 within the knitted fabric 5. In the lower section 21 of the knitted fabric 5, in which the upholstery support element 32 is arranged, a frontally convex area 49 is formed, at least in the area of ​​the inner surface 13. This area curves forward towards the seat section 2 and projects forward beyond the lower area 12 of the frame element 4, creating a cushion-like appearance, giving the impression of a cushion attached from the front. In the upper section 20, the four recesses 33 are arranged in a square or rectangular shape. Furthermore, the lateral outer surface 17b and 17b are also shown.The underside 17b shows the seat leg connecting elements 30a, 30b for connection to the seat leg 10 and the seat part connecting elements 31a, 31b for connection to the seat part 2. The knitted fabric 5 is designed such that the seat leg connecting elements 30a, 30b are each covered or encased on the outside by the knitted fabric 5. Fig. 3b A rear view of a backrest section 3 is shown. The upper tubular section 20 of the knitted fabric is slipped over the upper area 11 of the frame element 4, and the fastening elements 22a, 23a, 24a, 25a, 26a, 27a on the fastening units 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 of the knitted fabric are connected to the complementary fastening elements 14b, 14c, 41, 42, 43. The fastening units 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 are each attached to the edge of the knitted fabric 5, in particular sewn on. The upper fastening unit 22 is arranged on an upper edge region 36, which is formed on the second opening side 20b, and can thus be connected to the crossbar 14b or the inner side 14c of the crossbar 14b as a fastening element. The first 23 and the third lateral fastening unit 25 are arranged on a second lateral edge region 38 of the knitted fabric 5.The second 24 and the fourth lateral fastening unit 26 are arranged on a first lateral edge region 37 of the knitted fabric 5. The lower fastening unit 27 is arranged on a lower edge region 39 of the knitted fabric 5. In the attached state, the lateral edge regions 37, 38 of the knitted fabric 5 are arranged such that they encompass or span the side struts 15, 16 of the frame element 4, starting from the front sides 15c, 16c, across the outer sides 15b, 16b and the back sides 15d, 16d to the fastening elements 41, 42 on the inner sides 15a, 16a. In the attached state, the lower edge area 39 of the knitted fabric 5 is arranged such that it encompasses or spans the crossbar 17 of the frame element 4 from the front, starting at the front 17c, over the outer sides or underside 17b and the back 17d to the fastening elements 43 on the inside or top side 17a.

[0050] On each of the side struts 15, 16, a mounting strip 35a, 35b is arranged above the knitted fabric 5 or the lateral edge regions 37, 38, which is preferably screwed to the back side 15d, 16d. The mounting strips 35a, 35b serve to attach the backrest section 3. Likewise, the support strut 18 is connected at each end to the side struts 15, 16 above the knitted fabric 5 or the lateral edge regions 37, 38, preferably screwed to the back side 15d, 16d.

[0051] In the lower section 21 of the knitted fabric 5, a convex area 50 is formed on the back side of the inner surface 13, which curves backwards away from the seat part 2. The convex area 50 is located in the area of ​​the support strut 18, so that when the knitted fabric 5 is loaded by a seat user and the resulting stretching of the knitted fabric 5 occurs backwards, the convex area 50 contacts the support strut 18 and thus provides further support for the upper lumbar region.

[0052] Furthermore, the opening 34, designed as a horizontal slit, is shown on the reverse side of the knitted fabric 5, through which the cushion support element 32 can be inserted into the pocket element 45 in the lower section 21 of the knitted fabric 5, which is at least partially double-layered there. The opening 34 is releasably closed by the cord-like closure element 28 in a force-fit manner, so that the cushion support element 32 cannot unintentionally fall out of the pocket element 45.

[0053] In the Fig. 3b Three cutting axes S1, S2, S3 are also shown, which define the cuts through the backrest part 3, which are in the Fig. 4a-4c are shown, indicates.

[0054] The Fig. 3c shows a side view of the backrest part 3 according to the embodiment of the Fig. 3a and 3b . In this illustration, the front-convex area 49 and the back-convex area 50 can be seen.

[0055] In the Fig. 4a ,4b , 4c Each is a sectional view of a backrest part 3 along the section axes S1, S2, S3 according to Fig. 3b shown.

[0056] In the Fig. 4a The section along the cutting axis S1 is shown, with the backrest part 3 or the knitted fabric 5 depicted according to an embodiment that does not have a cushion support element 32, but is only single-layered. It can be seen how the knitted fabric 5, or rather the lateral edge regions 37, 38 of the knitted fabric 5, encompass or span the side struts 15, 16 of the frame element 4, starting from the front sides 15c, 16c, across the outer sides 15b, 16b and the back sides 15d, 16d, to the fastening elements 41, 42 on the inner sides 15a, 16a. The lower edge region 39 is arranged in an enclosing or spanning manner, analogous to the lateral edge regions 37, 38 shown. Essentially, the knitted fabric 5 and the edge areas 37, 38, 39 are deflected by 90° in each case. The knitted fabric 5 is arranged to swing freely in the area of ​​the inner surface 13. In this section, the knitted fabric 5 extends onto or over the inner surface 13.

[0057] The side struts 15, 16 have cutouts, meaning they are not continuous. This allows for reduced material usage and thus a reduction in weight. The front face 15c of the first side strut 15 slopes downwards from the inner side 15a to the outer side 15b, meaning the inner side 15a is longer than the outer side 15b. The front face 16c of the second side strut 16 slopes downwards from the outer side 16b to the inner side 16a, meaning the outer side 16b is longer than the inner side 16a.

[0058] In the Fig. 4b The section along the cutting axis S2 is shown, wherein the backrest part 3 or the knitted fabric 5 is shown according to an embodiment which has a cushion support element 32 and is at least also double-layered in the area of ​​the inner surface 13.

[0059] In the area of ​​the inner surface 13, the upholstery support element 32 can be seen within the double-layered knitted fabric 5, which forms the frontally convex area 49 that curves forward towards the seat part 2 and projects beyond the frame element 4. In this section shown, the knitted fabric 5 extends onto or over the inner surface 13.

[0060] The others in the Fig. 4b The embodiment shown corresponds mutatis mutandis to the features described above. Fig. 4a .

[0061] In the Fig. 4c The section along the cutting axis S3 is shown, wherein the backrest part 3 or the knitted fabric 5 is shown according to an embodiment which has a cushion support element 32 and is at least also double-layered in the area of ​​the inner surface 13.

[0062] In the sectional view of the Fig. 4c The wrapping of the frame element 4 with the knitted fabric 5 is particularly easy to see. The upper fastening unit 22 is arranged on an upper edge region 36, which is formed on the second opening side 20b, and is thus positively connected to the cross member 14b or the inner side 14c of the cross member 14b as a fastening element. The lower fastening unit 27 is arranged on the lower edge region 39 of the knitted fabric 5 and has the fastening elements 27a, which are positively connected to the fastening elements 43 on the inner side 17a of the cross member 17. In the attached state, the lower edge area 39 of the knitted fabric 5 is arranged such that it encompasses or spans the crossbar 17 of the frame element 4 from the front, starting at the front 17c, over the outer sides or underside 17b and the back 17d to the fastening elements 43 on the inside or top side 17a.

[0063] Furthermore, the cushion support element 32 can be seen within the double-layered knitted fabric 5, which is located in the area of ​​the inner surface 13. The frontally convex area 49 is visible, extending through the entire cushion support element 32 (all segments 46, 47, 48; see Fig. 7a-7c ) is formed in the knitted fabric 5. The convex area 50 on the back side is only partially formed (through the middle segment 47; see Fig. 7a-7c ), wherein the rearward convex area 50 is arranged within the inner surface 13 and may also partially project beyond it to the rear. The rearward convex area 50, or the central segment 47 of the upholstery support element 32, are arranged at the same height, so that contact is possible. A lower segment 46 of the upholstery support element 32 shows a convex curve forward in the direction of the seat part 2 (see Fig. 7a-7c ).

[0064] In the Fig. 5a , 5b , 5c , 5dEach view of a frame element 4 is shown, wherein in Fig. 5a a perspective view, in Fig. 5b a front view, in Fig. 5c a rear view and in Fig. 5d a side view is shown.

[0065] The upper area 11 of the frame element 4 in the Fig. 5a-5d For clarity, only part of the headrest mounting 44 is shown, but not the crossbar 14b, as in the exploded view in Fig. 2 to see.

[0066] The inner surfaces 15a, 16a, 17a of the first side strut 15, the second side strut 16, and the cross strut 17 are shown with the fastening elements 41, 42, 43, which are designed as hooks. The hook-shaped fastening elements 41, 42, 43 project from the inner surfaces 15a, 16a, 17a into the inner surface 13 and point forward toward the seat part 2, so that the complementary fastening elements 23a, 24a, 25a, 26a of the knitted fabric 5 can be hooked in accordingly. The fastening elements 41, 42, 43 are arranged along the entire length of the first 15, the second side strut 16 and the cross strut 17 on the inner sides 15a, 16a, 17a, with several individual fastening elements 41, 42, 43 being provided.

[0067] The side struts 15, 16 each have connecting axes 40a, 40b, so that the side struts 15, 16 are, in effect, divided into two parts. This has the advantage that the connected seat section 2 can be moved forwards and backwards, and thus only the lower part of the side struts 15, 16 of the lower section 12 moves up to the connecting axes 40a, 40b. Furthermore, the support strut 18 is arranged, which is connected at its ends to the rear surfaces 15d, 16d of the side struts 15, 16 and runs behind the inner surface 13. The support strut 18 has a stabilizing effect and also a supporting function in conjunction with the rear convex section 50 or the central segment 47.

[0068] The Fig. 6a and 6b show a knitted fabric 5 according to an embodiment in an unattached state, so that only the knitted fabric 5 can be seen before the frame element 4 is wrapped.

[0069] In Fig. 6a A rear view of the knitted fabric 5 in an unfolded state is shown. The knitted fabric 5 has the upper tubular section 20 with the two opening sides 20a, 20b, the first opening side 20a being closed, and the essentially flat lower section 21, which adjoins the upper section 20 directly at the front.

[0070] The fastening units 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 are each attached to the edge of the knitted fabric 5, in particular by sewing. The upper fastening unit 22 is arranged on the upper edge region 36, which is formed on the second opening side 20b. The first 23 and the third lateral fastening unit 25 are arranged on the first lateral edge region 38 of the knitted fabric 5. The second 24 and the fourth lateral fastening unit 26 are arranged on a second lateral edge region 37 of the knitted fabric 5. The lower fastening unit 27 is arranged on the lower edge region 39 of the knitted fabric 5.

[0071] The fastening units 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 have fastening elements 22a, 23a, 24a, 25a, 26a, 27a arranged on the knitted fabric. The fastening units 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 are designed as strips, with the fastening elements 22a, 23a, 24a, 25a, 26a, 27a arranged on the fastening units 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 projecting beyond a base surface of the knitted fabric 5. The fastening element 22a on the upper fastening unit 22 is designed as a strip. The fastening elements 23a, 24a, 25a, 26a, 27a are perforated so that they can be positively connected to the complementary hook-shaped fastening elements 41, 42, 43 of the frame element 4. The fastening units 23 and 24 and the fastening units 25 and 26 are arranged opposite each other on the knitted fabric 5.The edge areas 37, 38, 39 are wing-shaped, so that they can be easily folded around the struts 15, 16, 17 to span the frame element 4.

[0072] In the Fig. 6b A side view of the knitted fabric 5 is shown. From this view, the convex area 49 on the front side can be seen, which bulges outwards towards the seat part 2 and stands out from the rest of the knitted fabric 5. The area 49 is stabilized or filled by the upholstery support element 32.

[0073] In the Fig. 7a , 7b and 7c A cushion support element 32 is shown in various views. The cushion support element 32 has a height H, a width B and a thickness D (the thickness can also be referred to as depth).

[0074] In Fig. 7a The upholstery support element 32 is shown from the front. The front face V of the upholstery support element 32, when installed or inserted into the knitted fabric 5, points forward towards the seat part 2.

[0075] In Fig. 7b The upholstery support element 32 is shown from the side. The thickness D of the upholstery support element 32 is visible here.

[0076] In Fig. 7c The cushion support element 32 is shown from the rear. The back side R of the cushion support element 32 faces rearward when installed or inserted into the knitted fabric 5.

[0077] The upholstery support element 32 has a lower segment 46, a middle segment 47 and an upper segment 48, wherein the segments 46, 47, 48 in the said series are arranged from bottom to top with respect to the height H of the upholstery support element 32.

[0078] Segments 46, 47, 48 form the front-convex area 49 of the knitted fabric 5. The middle segment 47 forms the back-convex area 50 of the knitted fabric.

[0079] As particularly in Fig. 7b and 7cAs can be seen, the upholstered support element 32 has a varying thickness D along its height H and width B. The lower segment 46 is convex and curves forward toward the seat section 2. The middle segment 47 is also convex but curves backward. The lower segment 46 has a uniform thickness D across the entire width B of the upholstered support element 32, which tapers upwards along its height H. The middle segment 47 has a thickness D that tapers outward with respect to both its width B and height H; that is, the middle segment 47 has its greatest thickness D in the middle, decreasing along its height H and width B. The upper segment 48 has a uniform thickness D. Due to the design of the upholstered support element 32 as shown, the lower segment 46 provides support for the lower lumbar region, and the middle segment 47 provides support for the upper lumbar region.

[0080] The cushion support element 32 is essentially rectangular in shape, with the upper corners rounded in relation to the height H.

[0081] In Fig. 8 is a method 1000 for manufacturing a backrest part 3 for a vehicle seat 1, comprising at least the following steps: a. Providing a frame element 4 and a knitted fabric 5, wherein the frame element 4 has at least one fastening element 14b, 14c, 41, 42, 43 on at least two opposite inner sides 14c, 15a, 16a, 17a, and the knitted fabric 5 has a complementary fastening element 22a, 23a, 24a, 25a, 26a, 27a arranged on the reverse side; b. Attaching the knitted fabric 5 to the frame element 4 on a front side of the frame element 4 facing the seat part 2; c. Attaching the knitted fabric 5 to the frame element 4 by means of the fastening elements 14b, 14c, 15a, 16a, 17a, 22a, 23a, 24a, 25a, 26a, 27a, such that the knitted fabric 5 at least partially encloses the frame element 4 from the outside in; d. Obtaining the backrest part 3 with the knitted fabric 5 at least partially enclosing the frame element 4.

[0082] Step b. of applying the knitted fabric 5 to the frame element 4 comprises slipping an upper tubular section 20 of the knitted fabric 5 over the frame element 4, the section having two opening sides 20a, 20b, wherein a first opening side 20a is closed, wherein the upper tubular section 20 of the knitted fabric 5 is arranged to enclose the upper area 11 of the frame element 4, wherein the upper area 11 is continuous and serves to support the head.

[0083] Step c. of attaching the knitted fabric 5 to the frame element 4 first comprises attaching the fastening elements 27a of the knitted fabric 5, located at the bottom edge of the lower section 21 (at the lower edge region 39), to the complementary fastening elements 43 of the frame element 4 on the lower inner side 17a of the lower region 12 of the frame element 4. Then, the fastening elements 23a, 24a, 25a, 26a of the knitted fabric 5, located at the edge of the lower section 21 (first and second lateral edge regions 37, 38) are attached laterally, i.e., to the left and right, to the complementary fastening elements 42, 43 of the frame element 4 on the lateral inner sides 15a, 16a, i.e., to the left and right, of the lower region 12.Finally, the fastening element 22a of the knitted fabric 5 is attached to the fastening element (crossbar and inside of the upper area) 14b, 14c of the frame element 4, which limits the inner surface 13 on the upper side, at the rear edge of the upper section 11 (upper edge area 36).

[0084] In the Figur 9 The backrest section 3 is shown schematically in a front view, revealing that different knitted fabrics 5 are represented by various patterns in different areas. In the area of ​​the pocket element 45, viewed from the front (i.e., facing a person sitting on the seat), a first knitting pattern 60 is shown. A second knitting pattern 61 is provided in the area surrounding the pocket element 45. Furthermore, a third knitting pattern 62 is provided in the rear area of ​​the pocket element 45. The knitting patterns 60, 61, and 62 are further Figuren 10a, 10b und 10c A more detailed explanation.

[0085] The use of different knitting patterns 60, 61, 62 can be advantageous, as they are adapted to the respective area of ​​application. The pocket element 45 is always in contact with the person and should therefore be as abrasion-resistant as possible. In the rear area, increased elasticity is advantageous to accommodate the force exerted by the person on the knitted fabric 5. Bezugszeichenliste

[0086] 1 Vehicle seat 100 Interior fittings 1000 Procedure 2 Seat section 3 Backrest section 4 Frame element 5 Knit 8 Armrest 9 Headrest 10 Vehicle seat base 11 Upper section of frame element 12 Lower section of frame element 13 Inner surface 14a Top of upper section 14b Crossbar of upper section or fastening element 14c Inner side of upper crossbar 15 First side bar of lower section 15a Inner side of first side bar 15b Outer side of first side bar 15c Front of first side bar 15d Back of first side bar 16 Second side bar of lower section 16a Inner side of second side bar 16b Outer side of second side bar 16c Front of second side bar 16d Back of second side bar 17 Crossbar of the lower section 17a Inside of the crossbar 17b Outside of the crossbar 17c Front of the crossbar 17d Back of the crossbar 18 Support strut 19 Foam insert 20 Upper section of the knit 20a FirstOpening side 20b Second opening side 21 Lower section of the knit 22 Upper fastening unit 22a Fastening element 23 First side fastening unit 23a Fastening element 24 Second side fastening unit 24a Fastening element 25 Third side fastening unit 25a Fastening element 26 Fourth side fastening unit 26a Fastening element 27 Lower fastening unit 27a Fastening element 28 Closure element 29 Headrest recess 30a, b Seat foot connecting element 31a, b Seat section connecting element 32 Cushion support element 33 Recess 34 Opening 35a, b Mounting strips 36 Upper edge of the knit 37 First side edge of the knit 38 Second side edge of the knit 39 Lower edge of the knit 40a, b Connecting axis 41 Fastening element on the inside of the first side strut 42 Fastening element on the inside of the second side strut 43 Fastening element on the inside of the cross strut 44 Headrest attachment45 Pocket element 46 Lower segment of the upholstery support element 47 Middle segment of the upholstery support element 48 Upper segment of the upholstery support element 49 Front convex area 50 Back convex area 60 First knitting pattern 61 Second knitting pattern 62 Third knitting pattern D Thickness of the upholstery support element H Height of the upholstery support element B Width of the upholstery support element V Front of the upholstery support element R Back of the upholstery support element a.-d. Steps S1, S2, S3 Cutting axis

Claims

1. Vehicle seat (1) comprising a seat part (2) and a backrest part (3), wherein the backrest part (3) comprises a frame element (4) enclosing an inner surface (13) and a knitted fabric (5) arranged on the frame element (4), wherein the frame element (4) comprises at least one fastening element on each of at least two opposite inner sides and the knitted fabric (5) comprises a complementary fastening element formed correspondingly thereto and arranged on a rear side, wherein the knitted fabric (5) is fastened to the frame element (4) by the fastening elements such that, starting from a front side of the frame element (4) facing the seat part (2), the knitted fabric (5) at least partially surrounds the frame element (4) from outside to inside and is substantially fully tensioned, characterized in that the knitted fabric (5) comprises an upper tubular section having two opening sides, wherein a first opening side is closed, and wherein the upper tubular section of the knitted fabric is arranged so as to enclose an upper section of the frame element (11).

2. Vehicle seat (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the knitted fabric (5) is arranged freely suspended on the front side of the frame element (4) at least in the region of the inner surface (13), wherein the knitted fabric (5) is arranged in the region of the inner surface (13) on or above the inner surface (13) or partially on or above and within the inner surface (13), wherein the knitted fabric (5) constitutes, at least in the region of the inner surface (13), the sole support and / or cushioning for a seat user.

3. Vehicle seat (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the frame element (4) comprises a continuous upper section for supporting the head and a lower section comprising the inner surface (13) for supporting the back, wherein one inner side of the upper section delimits the inner surface (13) from above and three inner sides of the lower section delimit the inner surface (13) laterally and from below, wherein the frame element (4) comprises at least one fastening element on each inner side delimiting the inner surface (13), and wherein the fastening elements on the frame element (4) and on the knitted fabric (5) are configured such that the knitted fabric (5) is releasably fastened to the frame element (4) without damage.

4. Vehicle seat (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening elements on the frame element (4) are formed as hooks, strips, hook-and-loop fasteners, zippers or press studs, wherein either several different types of fastening elements or only one type of fastening element is provided, and wherein several fastening elements or one continuous fastening element extending over the length of the inner side are arranged on the inner sides of the frame element (4).

5. Vehicle seat (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the knitted fabric (5) comprises a substantially flat lower section directly adjoining the upper section at the front, wherein the lower section contacts the lower section of the frame element (4) from the front and, starting from the front side of the frame element (4), at least partially surrounds the lower section of the frame element (4) from outside to inside.

6. Vehicle seat (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the complementary fastening elements of the knitted fabric are arranged on the upper section at the rear edge on the open second opening side, and on the lower section at the lateral and lower edges.

7. Vehicle seat (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two fastening units, in particular at least four fastening units, are firmly arranged on the knitted fabric (5), wherein the fastening units comprise the fastening elements arranged on the knitted fabric (5) and each fastening unit comprises at least one fastening element, and wherein the fastening units are arranged on the knitted fabric (5) at the edges, in particular opposite each other, are fastened, in particular sewn, and formed as strips, wherein the fastening elements arranged on the fastening units project beyond a base surface of the knitted fabric (5).

8. Interior of a transport vehicle, in particular a passenger transport vehicle, comprising at least one vehicle seat (1) according to any of the preceding claims.

9. Method for manufacturing a backrest part (3) for a vehicle seat (1) according to any of claims 1 to 8, comprising at least the following steps: a. providing a frame element (4) and a knitted fabric (5), wherein the frame element (4) comprises at least one fastening element on each of at least two opposite inner sides, and wherein the knitted fabric (5) comprises a complementary fastening element formed correspondingly thereto and arranged on a rear side; b. placing the knitted fabric (5) on the frame element (4) on a front side of the frame element (4) facing the seat part (2); c. fastening the knitted fabric (5) to the frame element (4) by the fastening elements, such that the knitted fabric (5) at least partially surrounds the frame element (4) from outside to inside; d. obtaining the backrest part (3) with the knitted fabric (5) at least partially surrounding the frame element (4), wherein the knitted fabric (5) comprises an upper tubular section with two opening sides, wherein a first opening side is closed, and wherein the upper tubular section of the knitted fabric is arranged so as to enclose an upper section of the frame element (11).