SPONTANEOUS TRANSFORMATION OF PALM TREE HASHEL-DERIVED LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL INTO MICROSPHERIC STRUCTURES AFTER ALKALINE AND LONG-TERM PEROXIDE OXIDATION WITH MINIMIZATION OF SURFACE ENERGY.

Abstract

This invention allows for the utilization of lignocellulosic agricultural waste such as palm sheath, surface energy without the use of any template or guiding agent. self-assembly mechanism based on minimization environmentally friendly and industrial that enables their transformation into micro-global structures. The invention relates to a production method applicable on a scale. The invention concerns the existing microsphere. complex processes used in production techniques, high energy requirements and as an alternative to the use of additional chemicals, a sustainable and low-cost solution. It aims to offer an approach to biomaterial production. Within the scope of the invention, a lignocellulosic structure is created by pre-processing palm sheath. It is made processable, then subjected to alkaline treatment to remove lignin and Hemicellulose components are partially removed, resulting in a cellulose-rich structure. The resulting material is then processed for a long period under controlled conditions. It is subjected to a prolonged peroxide oxidation process, and as a result of this process, the surface By altering its chemistry, functional groups are formed. Oxidation process Throughout, the system tends to minimize surface energy. It spontaneously reorganizes and the fibrous structure transforms into spherical structures at the micro-scale. It is transforming. The resulting microspherical structures exhibited monodisperse distribution, porous surface, and It exhibits superior structural properties such as a high surface area. These properties Microspheres developed thanks to this technology; adsorption, controlled release systems, different applications such as catalyst carrier applications and functional surface technologies It can be used in various fields. The developed method has low energy requirements and a simple and controllable process. the steps involve the use of biodegradable raw materials and the recycling of lignocellulosic waste. It stands out with its structure that allows for evaluation. The invention, low High value-added functional products of agricultural waste with economic value while enabling their conversion into biomaterials, it helps reduce environmental impacts and It contributes to supporting the concept of sustainable production. In these respects, the invention represents an advanced functional microbiota of lignocellulosic biomass. environmentally friendly, scalable and circular structures that enable their transformation It offers an innovative micro-sphere production method compatible with economic principles.

Description

1 TARIFF ALKALINE AND LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL DERIVED FROM PALM HEADS SURFACE ENERGY AFTER LONG-TERM PEROXIDE OXIDATION MINIMIZATION TOWARDS SPONTANEOUS MICROSPLANETS  TRANSFORMATION TECHNICAL FIELD This invention contributes to biomaterial engineering, environmental technologies, and sustainable materials. This relates to areas of development, particularly the chemical processing of lignocellulosic biomass. within the scope of modification and production of functional microstructures is being evaluated. The invention involves the alkaline treatment of lignocellulosic materials, such as palm sheath, which are agricultural waste. Modifying surface properties through pretreatment and prolonged peroxide oxidation. The result is surface energy, without the use of any template or guiding agent. self-assembly micro-minimization based on the principle of minimization It deals with their transformation into global structures.  Within this scope, the invention refers to a monodisperse, porous, and high surface area compound. It presents an innovative method that makes it possible to produce cellulose-based microspheres. applications include adsorption, controlled release systems, catalyst carriers, and functional applications. advanced materials that can be used in various industrial fields. It is geared towards the production of biomaterials.  Furthermore, the invention has implications for environmental engineering, chemical engineering, materials science, and It is located at the intersection of biotechnology disciplines, and particularly focuses on waste biomass. Transformation into value-added products, production in accordance with green chemistry principles. a technical solution in terms of processes and sustainable industrial practices  It offers. 2 PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE Today, the production of micro-sized particles and spherical structures is achieved through adsorption and controlled methods. This is of great importance in terms of emissions, catalysis, and biomaterial applications. These types of microspheres are generally polymeric or inorganic in basis and have a wide range of uses. It has a wide range of applications. However, current production techniques are mostly complex. processes, high energy consumption and multi-stage chemical processes This is based on various factors, both economically and environmentally. This creates disadvantages. 10 In the literature, the production of microspheres from cellulose and lignocellulosic materials is commonly practiced. Methods used include emulsion-based systems and spray drying. techniques, template-assisted syntheses and chemical cross-linking Methods include surfactants in emulsion systems. A global structure is obtained using these methods, but these methods are multi-stage and 15 Stability control is difficult and purification requirements are high. Spray drying. These methods, however, generally involve high energy requirements and are not homogeneous. It produces particles. In template methods, hollow shapes are created using hard or soft molds. Structures can be obtained, but removing the template is an additional process. This requires steps and increases the cost. Furthermore, the structural integrity... Protection becomes difficult and the process becomes complex. Chemical cross-section In binding methods, particle formation is achieved using various chemical agents. This is provided, however, the fact that these agents can be toxic, reduce biocompatibility and  The environmental risks it poses are among its significant disadvantages. However, most current techniques use monodisperse (narrow size) (having a distribution) and obtaining porous structures simultaneously and in a controlled manner. It is quite difficult to achieve this. In most methods, either homogeneity cannot be achieved or  Additional processes are required to achieve the desired morphological characteristics. This situation affects production. This makes the process more costly, time-consuming, and inefficient. 3 On the other hand, lignocellulosic biomass, especially agricultural waste (e.g., palm oil), (sheath), due to their abundance, low cost and renewable nature It is an important source of raw materials. However, in current applications, this type of biomass is not used effectively. usually by burning, composting or converting into low value-added products. It is evaluated using limited methods such as these. This situation affects both the economic potential. both its inability to be fully utilized and the loss of opportunity in terms of sustainability. This is the reason. For the conversion of lignocellulosic materials into functional microstructures. Although studies exist, these studies are mostly complex chemical 10 Modifications include the use of templates or the need for advanced equipment. Furthermore, these methods are based on self-assembly, simple structure formation. And environmentally friendly processes are quite limited. Consequently, the complex production processes involved in current techniques result in high costs. cost, environmental risks, limited construction control and efficient use of lignocellulosic waste Due to reasons such as the inability to evaluate; any template or additional chemicals spontaneously, without requiring, based on surface energy minimization A new, simple, economical, and sustainable production method capable of creating micro-global structures. The method is needed.  4 THE PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION The overall purpose of the invention is to create an existing system that meets the requirements mentioned above. techniques that eliminate the disadvantages inherent in existing techniques and provide additional advantages; especially from lignocellulosic agricultural waste such as palm sheath, any template,  Surface energy without requiring surfactants or complex processing steps. Based on its minimization, it can spontaneously transform into micro-spherical structures. by developing a sustainable and functional biomaterial production method It is related. 10 Due to the drawbacks of the previous technique, the invention addresses all of these issues. It aims to remedy the shortcomings. The main purpose of this invention is to eliminate deficiencies such as palm sheath. low-value lignocellulosic waste in accordance with circular economy principles evaluated, high value-added, monodisperse and porous microspherical an innovative and environmentally friendly production technology that enables their transformation into structures 1 It is about developing. Another aim of the invention is to utilize the existing microsphere production methods that are commonly used. emulsion systems used, template methods, surfactants and by eliminating the need for cross-linking chemicals, it is simpler,  The goal is to offer an economical and environmentally friendly production process. This allows the process to... reducing complexity, lowering costs and minimizing environmental impact The aim is to achieve this. The invention describes the formation of a lignocellulosic structure by alkali pretreatment and prolonged peroxide oxidation. by altering the surface chemistry, spontaneously without any external motivator. (self-assembly) aims to facilitate the formation of a global structure. This approach By using the tendency of the system to reach minimum surface energy, it is controlled and The goal is to create a reproducible microstructure.  Another important aim of the invention is to produce monodisperse, porous and rough materials simultaneously. by enabling the production of microspheres with a high surface area and surface area. a new generation material platform offering advanced functional features The aim is to create these features, thereby increasing the adsorption capacity. increasing loading efficiency and improving the interaction surface that is intended.  The invention also involves the adsorption and controlled release of the resulting microspherical structures. different systems, catalyst carriers and functional surface applications developing a versatile material that can be used in various fields The aim is to cater to different sectors with a single production method. The aim is to obtain a multifunctional biomaterial. 10 Another aim of the invention is to address the issues that arise during the disposal of lignocellulosic waste. reducing environmental problems and developing these wastes that have high economic value. by transforming them into materials, a sustainable waste management approach This is to support [the process]. In this way, both the environmental burden is reduced and resources are conserved. The aim is to increase its efficiency. Finally, the aim of this invention is to create an environmentally friendly, low-cost, scalable, and by offering an industrially viable production method for lignocellulosic biomass Innovative  towards transforming into high value-added functional microstructures The goal is to present an approach. To fulfill all the purposes stated above and those that can be derived from the detailed explanation. The invention aims to bring about; an alkaline precursor of lignocellulosic material derived from palm sheath. After processing and prolonged peroxide oxidation, surface energy minimization  with a production method that enables it to spontaneously transform into micro-spherical structures It is related. 6 DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1; The subject of the invention is a microsphere formed spontaneously from palm sheath. Flow chart of building production  Figure 2; The subject of the invention is spontaneous micro-operation through surface energy minimization. The formation mechanism of microspheres, Figure – 3; The subject of the invention is (a) raw palm sheath, (b) microspheres, (c) micro There are SEM images of the microspheres obtained from a cross-section. 10 1) 7 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The overall purpose of the invention is to create a product that meets the requirements mentioned above and is currently available. eliminating all the disadvantages involved in the techniques and providing additional advantages. providing; especially from lignocellulosic agricultural wastes such as palm sheath, sustainably  by one method, without requiring any template or complex chemical process, Spontaneous microsphere based on the principle of surface energy minimization. Obtaining functional biomaterials with high added value that can be transformed into structures It is related to being done. 10 Due to the drawbacks of the previous technique, the invention, as described above, It aims to resolve the negative aspects. Figure 1 shows the microsphere that is the subject of the invention, spontaneously formed from palm sheath. Flowchart of the production of the structures, 1) Figure 2 shows the invention, which involves spontaneous micro-movement through surface energy minimization. The formation mechanism of microspheres, Figure 3 shows the subject of the invention, (a) raw palm sheath, (b) microspheres, (c) micro SEM images of the microspheres obtained from a cross-section are available. Application of the Invention and Production Technique Agricultural and landscape wastes are used as raw materials in the implementation of the invention. lignocellulosic biomass such as palm sheath procured within the scope The material in question contains cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. rich in nutrients and made suitable for chemical processing before the process. It is undergoing a preliminary preparation phase before being brought in.  The collected palm sheath material contained dust, organic residues, and It is washed with pure water to remove soluble impurities, then 8 It is dried under specific temperature conditions. After the drying process, the material They are ground or crushed to bring them to suitable sizes and chemically... It is converted into a particle form suitable for processing. The prepared lignocellulosic material consists of lignin and hemicellulose components. Alkaline pretreatment is applied to remove and expose the cellulose structure. is being stored. In this context, the material is treated with sodium hydroxide at a specific concentration. (NaOH, 5%) solution, at controlled temperature (80 °C) and time (72 hours) It is processed under these conditions. During this process, the lignocellulosic structure swells and becomes amorphous. The components dissolve, resulting in a more reactive, cellulosic structure with an increased surface area. 10 is being done. The material obtained after the alkaline treatment is washed with pure water to achieve a neutral pH. It is brought to the required level and purified from reaction residues. Washing and Neutralization processes prevent the oxidation process that will take place in the subsequent stages. It increases its effectiveness. Subsequently, the material was immersed in a hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂, 3%) solution for an extended period. It undergoes an oxidation process. This process involves specific concentrations, temperatures, and... It is carried out under time conditions, usually at least 72 hours or more. This process is continued for a long time. During the oxidation process, in the cellulose chains Partial oxidation occurs, and hydroxyl and carboxyl groups are found on the surface. Functional groups are formed. This affects the surface chemistry of the material and It alters the hydrophilic / hydrophobic balance. 3 As a result of this surface modification, the system is thermodynamically more... The tendency to minimize surface energy in order to reach a stable state. it demonstrates and, in this direction, spontaneously (self-assembly) reorganizes This process breaks down the fibrous structure into micro-scale spherical aggregates. creating and micro  without using any template or routing agent global structures are emerging. 9 Structures affected by diffusion and dissolution mechanisms during the globalization process. Voids are forming inside. At the same time, micro and nano-sized particles are appearing on the surface. Pores form and a rough surface texture is obtained. Long-term and Controlled oxidation conditions stabilize particle formation kinetics, resulting in a narrow size. It enables the formation of monodisperse microspheres. The microspherical structures formed after the reaction is complete are used for solid-liquid separation. separated by methods (coarse filtration), washed with pure water and chemically treated. It is cleaned of residues and then dried at a controlled temperature. The drying process results in a stable, lightweight, porous material with a high surface area of ​​10. Micro-spherical biomaterials are obtained. The resulting microspheres can be used in adsorption, controlled release systems, and catalyst applications. It can be used in various fields such as carriers and functional surface applications. It has the following characteristics: high surface area and functional group content. Superior in terms of pollutant removal, active substance loading and interaction capacity. It is performing. The chemicals and process flows used throughout the production process are appropriate. It can be recovered or reused through various methods. This situation,  an environmentally friendly and sustainable production approach that minimizes waste generation It offers. Consequently, this processing sequence includes items with low economic value, such as palm sheath. By evaluating lignocellulosic waste, any template or complex  without the need for chemicals, based on surface energy minimization spontaneously formed, monodisperse and porous microspherical structures enabling its transformation, in an environmentally friendly, economical and industrial scale. It involves a feasible production method.  Invention Process Steps Figure 1 shows the lignocellulosic material derived from palm sheath within the scope of the invention. The production process for obtaining micro-spherical structures is schematically shown. It is shown that; palm sheath raw material (1), the dust on its surface, with pure water for the purpose of removing organic residues and soluble impurities. It was washed and then dried at 60 °C for 24 hours. The dried material  It has been ground into fine particles and made ready for processing. The resulting lignocellulosic material (1) was subjected to alkali pretreatment (2). This The scope includes 10 g of sample, in a specific concentration (e.g., 5% w / v) of NaOH solution. (1) It was processed by stirring at a temperature of 80 °C for 3 hours. 10 During this process, the lignin and hemicellulose components were partially removed, and A cellulose-rich, reactive structure was obtained. After the alkaline treatment, the sample was washed with pure water to bring it to a neutral pH level. (3) and is free from reaction residues. The material obtained subsequently is long 1 to be subjected to a prolonged oxidation process in hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) solution (4) transferred. At this stage, the sample was placed in a 3% (v / v) H₂O₂ solution at 50 °C It was oxidized by stirring at a certain temperature for at least 72 hours. Partial chemical modification of the lignocellulosic structure during the oxidation process  This occurred with the formation of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on the surface, resulting in increased surface energy. It has changed and the system has shown a tendency to reorganize itself spontaneously. This As a result of the process, the fibrous structure breaks down into micro-scale spherical aggregates. formed, washed and dried (5) and any template or guiding agent Microspherical structures were formed without the use of (6).  Figure 2 shows the functionalized lignocellulosic fragments after oxidation (7) Particle interior formation through diffusion and dissolution effects during global structure formation The mechanism of void formation is given in this section. During the process, the surface... With the decrease in energy, aggregation and rearrangement occurred (8).  At the end of the process, the formation of a porous and rough structure on the surface was observed (9). 11 After the reaction was complete, the resulting microspheres were separated by a filtration process. washed with pure water to remove chemical residues and kept at a temperature between 40–60 °C. It has been stabilized by drying. The final product obtained (9) is monodisperse, porous and has a high surface area. They are microspherical structures, used for adsorption, controlled release, and catalyst carriers. It exhibits features that can be used in various fields, such as applications. In conclusion, this process sequence involves alkalizing the lignocellulosic material derived from palm sheath. After pretreatment and prolonged peroxide oxidation, the surface energy is 10. minimizing it and enabling it to spontaneously transform into micro-spherical structures. It involves an experimental and applicable method. Raw palm sheath appears to consist of linear fiber bundles. Alkaline As a result of the process, the fibers whitened and the porous structure on the fiber increased. 1 This is observed after alkaline treatment and prolonged peroxide oxidation. The micro-spheres are white in color and have a rough surface. When the SEM image of the raw palm sheath in Figure 3a is examined, the structure is clearly visible. It appears to consist of linear fiber bundles. The surface of the fibers is relatively  It exhibits a compact, dense, and layered morphology, with parallel lines extending across the surface. It appears that fibrillar structures are predominant. Furthermore, limited structures are found on the surface. Numerous micro-voids and irregular protrusions are observed, indicating a problem with lignin and the characteristic feature of a natural lignocellulosic structure rich in hemicellulose This shows that the fibers in the raw material are tightly bound together, forming a  structure. it has not yet been chemically broken down and the cellulosic fibrils have not completely decomposed It reveals. Figure 3b shows the formation after alkaline treatment and prolonged peroxide oxidation. SEM image of microspheres is given. In the image, the fibrous structure is completely  It is clearly seen that it has reorganized and acquired a global morphology. The micro-sphere surface is densely coiled, tangled, and intertwined. 12 It appears to be composed of microfibrils. This situation indicates the oxidation process. subsequently, spontaneous processes occur due to surface energy minimization. It supports the self-assembly mechanism of the global structure. fibril networks on its outer surface, high surface area and porous structure formation This indicates that the particle is approximately spherical in shape, and that the system... This indicates a trend towards a more thermodynamically stable morphology. Figure 3c shows a cross-sectional SEM image of the microspheres. Its appearance shows that the structure does not merely exhibit a superficial globalization, but also It was revealed that it also contains a dense fibril organization in the inner regions over time. It is placed in a denser and more compact layer on the exterior of the structure. During observation, a looser, porous, and void-filled morphology is noticeable in the inner regions. This is due to the fact that the micro-spheres are partially hollow and multilayered. This indicates that it has a structure. The fibrillar network observed along the cross-section. Its structure is formed by the rearrangement of cellulosic fibers after oxidation, creating a three-dimensional 1 This confirms that it forms a microstructure. Furthermore, the microstructure observed in the microstructure... Voids and porosity facilitate the adsorption and controlled release of these micro-spheres. and has high potential in terms of active substance loading applications. This shows that.  Benefits of the Invention The invention develops high value-added micro-products from lignocellulosic agricultural wastes such as palm sheath. by enabling the conversion of waste into global biomaterials, materials significant technical and economic advantages in the fields of science and environmental technologies  It offers both environmental and other advantages compared to existing microsphere production methods. It constitutes an industrially sustainable and innovative alternative. One of the most fundamental benefits of the invention is the ability to produce complex and multi-stage products. by eliminating the processes, any template, surfactant  or the production of microspheres without the need for crosslinking chemicals 13 This simplifies the process and reduces production costs. It reduces and minimizes environmental impact. The invention is a self-assembly structure based on surface energy minimization. Thanks to its formation mechanism, it is controlled and  without external guidance. This allows for the creation of repeatable microspherical structures. the approach provides higher process control and product efficiency compared to existing techniques. It ensures homogeneity. The microspheres obtained within the scope of the invention have a monodisperse structure, porosity, and 10. It simultaneously possesses rough surface characteristics. Thanks to these characteristics... A high specific surface area is obtained, adsorption capacity is increased, and active Material loading efficiency is significantly increasing. Another important benefit of the invention is the versatile nature of the resulting microspherical structures. The developed materials offer the possibility of use in wastewater treatment of pollutants. removal, controlled release systems, catalyst carrier applications and functional It can be used in various fields, such as composite material production. This situation is unique. a production method that caters to a wide variety of industrial applications It provides.  The invention enables the utilization of lignocellulosic waste, reducing low economic value. enabling the transformation of valuable biomass into high value-added products. This approach reduces waste disposal costs and promotes circular waste management. It creates new economic opportunities within the scope of the economy.  The limited number of chemicals used in the production process and the relatively low cost of the process Being able to carry it out at these temperatures reduces energy consumption and environmental impacts. It minimizes it. In addition, the fact that process currents are recoverable, It supports the concept of sustainable production. 30 14 Thanks to its modular and scalable structure, the invention can be used in both laboratory and commercial settings. It is applicable on an industrial scale. Standard chemical reactor systems. It can be implemented with this method and easily integrated into existing production infrastructures. It enables this to be done.  Finally, the invention enables the economic and efficient creation of high-performance and functional microstructures. By enabling its production in an environmentally friendly way, it contributes to materials science and the environment. It offers an innovative solution in the field of technologies. To fulfill all the benefits that can be derived from the above-mentioned and detailed explanation: 10 The invention aims to bring about; an alkaline precursor of lignocellulosic material derived from palm sheath. Surface energy minimization after processing and prolonged peroxide oxidation. with a production method that enables it to spontaneously transform into micro-spherical structures It is related. 1)

Claims

REQUESTS 1. The invention; a template made from lignocellulosic material derived from palm sheath. or without the use of surfactants, minimizing surface energy a method for spontaneously obtaining microspherical structures based on It is a production method, and its characteristic is; — removal of surface impurities from palm sheath raw material washing and drying process for this purpose, — pre-processed raw material is ground into suitable particles. to its size, 10 — the resulting lignocellulosic material is processed in an alkaline solution. by retaining part of the lignin and hemicellulose components. removal and obtaining a cellulose-rich structure, — Washing the material after alkaline treatment to a neutral pH level. bringing, 1 — prolonged exposure of neutralized material in a hydrogen peroxide-containing environment subjected to a prolonged oxidation process, — surface of lignocellulosic structure during the oxidation process by altering its chemistry, the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups creation,  — as a result of the aforementioned surface modification, the system's surface with the tendency to minimize energy, self-assembly Ensuring their transformation into micro-global structures, — porous structure formed by diffusion effect during spherical structure formation the formation of morphology,  — solid-liquid separation processes of the resulting microspherical structures obtaining the final product by separating, washing and drying It is characterized by including the steps involved in the process.

2. Invention; spontaneously microscopic lignocellulosic material derived from palm sheath. It is a method for producing global structures, and its characteristic feature is; 16 — microspheres of lignocellulosic material derived from palm sheath utilization as a suitable biomass source for its formation, — the material in question is alkaline pretreated to produce lignin and hemicellulose purification from its components and enrichment with cellulose, — surface of the material by prolonged hydrogen peroxide oxidation  modification of chemistry and formation of functional groups ensuring, — any of the material as a result of the surface modification in question a template, surfactant, or crosslinker self-assembly spherical form without use 10 winning — the resulting micro-spherical structures are monodisperse, porous, and hollow. (hollow) and have rough surface characteristics development, — microsphere production by oxidation, spontaneous spheroidization, 1 This is done through separation and drying stages. — adsorption, controlled release, catalyst of the resulting microspheres in carrier and functional biomaterial applications It is characterized by including the stages involved in making it usable.  3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by its use of lignocellulosic raw material. It is characterized by being a cellulose-based biomass derived from palm sheath.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by its alkaline pretreatment step. carried out in a medium containing sodium hydroxide (NaOH)  It is characteristic.

5. The method is according to claim 1 or 2, and its characteristic feature is that the alkaline environment in question... sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or similar basic solutions, or It is characterized by containing combinations of these.  17 6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the hydrogenation of the oxidation process. performed in an environment containing peroxide (H₂O₂) and for an extended period of time It is characterized by...

7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by its oxidation process. Hydroxyl (–OH) and carboxyl (–COOH) groups on the lignocellulosic structure It is characterized by the formation of functional groups such as these.

8. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the oxidation process is at least... Performed for 72 hours, preferably between 72–120 hours. 10 It is characteristic.

9. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by its self-assembly. any template of the globalization mechanism, surfactant 15 occurs without the use of a substance or cross-linking agent. It is characteristic.

10. The method is according to claim 1 or 2, and its characteristic is that the resulting microspheres It is characterized by having a porous surface structure.  11. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by its narrow dimensions of microspheres. It is characterized by its monodisperse structure with a specific distribution.

12. The method is according to claim 1 or 2, and its characteristic is that the resulting microsphere Adsorption of structures, controlled release or catalyst carrier  It is characterized by its usability in various applications.

13. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by its nature; the production process Based on the utilization of lignocellulosic waste, biodegradable and environmentally friendly. It is characterized by offering a friendly approach.  18 14. The method is according to claim 1 or 2, and its characteristic is that the resulting microsphere with the structures having a biodegradable cellulose-based matrix It is characteristic.

15. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by its morphological and  characteristics of microspheres. structural properties of alkali treatment concentration, oxidation time and controlled by process parameters such as hydrogen peroxide concentration. It is characterized by its ability to be done.

16. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by; lignocellulosic wastes 10 by evaluating it in a way that is compatible with a sustainable and circular economy. It is characterized by offering a production method.

17. The microspherical structure obtained according to claim 1 or 2, and its characteristic is; — The structure is made of cellulose-based biopolymer derived from palm sheath. formation, — any template or guiding agent of the structure in question formed spontaneously without any intervention, — monodisperse and porous morphology of the microspherical structure It is characterized by its demonstration.  18. The microspherical structure obtained according to claim 1 or 2, and its characteristic is; — functional groups formed on its surface as a result of oxidation being, — thanks to these functional groups, high adsorption and  demonstrating interaction capacity, — functional surface properties without the use of an additional active agent It is characterized by its presentation.

19. A method according to claim 1 or 2, with the characteristic of;  19 — spontaneous formation of microspherical structures during the oxidation process formation, — the resulting structures become stable after the drying process, — homogeneous distribution and high surface area of ​​the resulting microspheres It is characterized by its demonstration. 10

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