PHARMACEUTICAL / NUTRACEUTICAL COMPOSITION CONTAINING ASTAXANTHIN AGAINST HERBICIDE-INDUCED TOXICITY

Abstract

The invention relates to an astaxanthin-containing compound aimed at reducing biochemical and oxidative stress-induced changes resulting from herbicide exposure. Specifically, astaxanthin, when applied under glyphosate exposure, exhibits an effect profile characterized by improvements in biochemical parameters related to liver and kidney function and indicators of oxidative stress when used at specific doses. Specifically, a decrease in alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and creatinine (CRE) levels, an increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, and a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels are observed. The invention offers a solution that provides a measurable and reproducible technical effect against herbicide-induced toxicity.

Description

1 TARIFF ASTAXANTHIN-CONTAINING FOR HERBICIDE-INDUCED TOXICITY PHARMACEUTICAL / NUTRACEUTICAL COMPOSITION TECHNICAL AREA 5 The invention is in the fields of veterinary medicine, toxicology, and biochemistry, and specifically Oxidative stress, organ damage, and biochemical disorders resulting from herbicide exposure. It relates to a compound containing astaxanthin aimed at reducing disorders. KNOWN TECHNIQUE 10 Herbicides are used to control weeds in modern agricultural practices. These are chemical substances widely used for this purpose, especially in monocultures. It is widely applied in agricultural systems to increase productivity. However, herbicides spread into the environment and accumulate in biological systems. As a result, various toxic effects occurred on human and animal health. It is known that these toxic effects primarily affect the liver, kidneys, and central nervous system. Increased oxidative stress in many organs and systems, including inflammation, and DNA damage. It manifests as damage and cellular dysfunction. In the relevant technical field, there are existing efforts to reduce herbicide toxicity. Solutions generally fall into three main groups. The first of these is herbicides, 20 regulatory and enforcement measures regarding its use, and lower dosage, safe formulation development and personal protective equipment The second group includes approaches such as the use of environmental residues. by physical, chemical or biological treatment methods aimed at removal It includes phytoremediation applications. The third group is herbicide 25 used to reduce the toxic effects caused by exposure These are supportive treatments containing antioxidants and phytochemicals. This includes polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and similar compounds of plant origin. compounds that neutralize free radicals and antioxidant enzyme systems It is known that supporting the body can partially reduce toxic effects. However, this 30 Most compounds exhibit low bioavailability, rapid metabolism, and limited tissue distribution. For reasons such as these, it fails to provide sufficient effectiveness. Furthermore, in such applications... a standard dose range, duration of administration and pharmacokinetic profile clearly defined 2 The fact that it is undefined affects the repeatability and reliability of technical solutions. It limits. Astaxanthin is a compound with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is involved in the technique known as carotenoid compound and in various studies. It is effective in reducing oxidative stress and preventing cellular damage. 5 This has been demonstrated. However, at the current technical level, astaxanthin herbicide It is used specifically against toxicity related to exposure, and the dose-effect relationship... a defined and standardized system based on biochemical parameters There is no solution that includes an implementation approach. Therefore... The current technique provides a measurable and standardizable level of herbicide toxicity. It is far from offering a solution. THE TECHNICAL PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED Current technical solutions address the toxic effects resulting from herbicide exposure. It has limited effectiveness in mitigating the effects, particularly those affecting multiple organ systems. Simultaneous control of oxidative and inflammatory damage affecting It does not offer a sufficient technical approach for its acquisition. In this context, systemic disorders such as liver and kidney dysfunction and electrolyte imbalances In cases where the effects occur together, the effectiveness of current methods is insufficient. remains. 20 Especially in antioxidant-based approaches, low bioavailability is insufficient. Due to technical limitations such as tissue penetration and short duration of action, toxicity... Sustainable and robust protection against this cannot be achieved. Furthermore, the current situation... In solutions, the effects of applied compounds on specific biochemical parameters The effects are often not quantitatively demonstrated, and dose-response relationships and 25 The implementation regime is not clearly defined. This situation affects the technical solution. This significantly reduces standardization and application reliability. In addition, the toxic effects caused by herbicides are not solely oxidative. not limited to stress, but also activation of inflammatory signaling pathways. and exhibits a multidimensional structure through the triggering of cellular damage mechanisms 30 It is known that the current technique targets these multiple mechanisms of action together. an integrated system that produces measurable results at the biochemical and molecular level No solution has been found. 3 The technical problem that needs to be solved within this framework is related to herbicide exposure. The resulting oxidative stress, inflammation, organ damage, and biochemical changes a specific dosage range and application that can simultaneously reduce imbalances parameters are defined, effects are indicated by biochemical and molecular indicators. 5 of a verifiable, repeatable and standardizable technical solution It is the development of. A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION At the current technical level, the consequences arising from herbicide exposure 10 various antioxidant and phytochemical-based methods aimed at reducing toxic effects Although various approaches have been proposed, most of these solutions have low bioavailability. insufficient tissue penetration and undefined standard dose-response relationship Due to this, it shows limited effectiveness. Furthermore, known technical solutions... They generally focus on a single biological mechanism of action, and herbicides It causes multiple pathophysiological effects such as oxidative stress, inflammation and organ damage. It is unable to target these processes simultaneously. This situation is particularly problematic for the liver and... where kidney dysfunction and electrolyte imbalances occur together In toxicity assessments, this leads to the inadequacy of current technical solutions. Based on this technical situation, the main purpose of the invention is to reduce herbicide exposure. biochemical 20 that can simultaneously reduce the resulting multi-system effects and provides measurable results at the molecular level and for specific applications. The goal is to develop a composition defined by its parameters. The invention developed for this purpose, within a specific dose range with an applied astaxanthin-containing compound, herbicide toxicity It enables the elimination of biochemical and molecular disorders. Invention 25 In this context, astaxanthin reduces oxidative stress increased by herbicide exposure, It activates antioxidant defense systems and inflammatory signaling pathways. It suppresses them. In this context, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), for example. While antioxidant enzyme activities are increased, lipid peroxidation is reduced. A decrease occurs in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, which is an indicator of malocclusion. 30 Simultaneously, activation of cellular defense mechanisms such as Nrf2 and HO-1. Inflammatory pathways such as NF-κB are increased and suppressed. Furthermore, the invention is not only at the molecular level, but also It also produces measurable technical effects at the systemic level. In this context, 4 decreased levels of AST and ALP enzymes, which are indicators of liver function. levels of creatinine and urea, which are kidney function parameters, are being monitored. lowering and balancing electrolytes such as sodium, potassium and chloride This is possible. When these effects are considered together, the invention is a herbicide. An integrated technical solution providing multi-organ protection against toxicity 5 It is understood that he presented it. The technical contribution of the invention lies in the use of only a known antioxidant. not limited to, astaxanthin's herbicide toxicity within a specific dose range obtained through its application and confirmed by biochemical parameters It is based on a specific technical effect. In this respect, the invention is based on 10 aspects of the known art. It deviates from general antioxidant applications and focuses on herbicide toxicity. It offers a technical solution that can be standardized, repeated, and measured. The technical solution developed within the scope of the invention is an alternative to existing technical solutions. It offers several advantages compared to herbicides. First of all, the invention is superior in several aspects. not just a single effect of toxicity, but also oxidative stress, inflammation and organ damage. simultaneous multiple interrelated pathophysiological processes such as damage It targets various organs, particularly the liver and kidneys. holistic reduction of toxic effects occurring in organ systems It makes it possible. Another important advantage of the invention is that the technical effect is only theoretical at the level of 20. No, it can be measured and verified through specific biochemical parameters. This is the case. Clinically significant indicators such as AST, ALP, creatinine, and urea... With the improvement achieved, oxidative stress markers such as SOD, CAT, and MDA... the effects obtained make the technical contribution of the invention tangible and replicable This situation ensures the reliability and standardization of the invention's application. 25 It increases significantly. Furthermore, the invention is defined by a specific dose range, making it superior to existing inventions. Dose uncertainty and application standardization encountered in technical solutions This eliminates the problems associated with the invention. In this way, the invention can be applied in different ways. This ensures that the scenarios provide predictable and consistent results. 30 Another technical advantage of the invention is that astaxanthin is both an antioxidant and... it acts through anti-inflammatory mechanisms and also It activates cellular protective pathways. This multifaceted mechanism of action, It offers an effective solution against the complex nature of herbicide toxicity and is currently available. It creates a synergistic effect that is not present in the techniques. In conclusion, the invention provides a measurable and standardized solution for herbicide toxicity. It can be done, acting through multiple mechanisms and at the organ level. By providing a technical solution that delivers verified results, it ranks among the top 5 in the relevant technical field. It fills an important gap. LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Biochemical results after astaxanthin application and herbicide exposure. Parameter representation 10 Figure 2. Effect of astaxanthin administration on serum biochemical parameters. graphs showing the effects Figure 3. Effects of astaxanthin application on oxidative stress markers. graphs showing Figure 4. Effect of astaxanthin administration on HO-1, NF-κB and Nrf2 protein expression. 15 Graphs and Western blot images showing the effects The Correspondences of the Numbers Shown in the Figures 1. Laboratory animal 2. Application tool 20 3. Astaxanthin 4. Herbicides 5. Biochemical parameters 6. Electrolyte parameters 7. Potassium parameter 25 DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1 shows the biochemical effects of astaxanthin (3) application under herbicide (4) exposure. and a representative pattern showing its effect on electrolyte parameters It shows that in the setup, the experimental animals (1) and the application device (2) are 30 Astaxanthin (3) is administered using a syringe and herbicide (4) exposure biochemical parameters (5), are created as a result of these applications. Electrolyte parameters (6) and potassium parameter (7) are analyzed. 6 Figure 2 shows a rat model experiment exposed to glyphosate-based herbicide (4). Serum biochemical effects of astaxanthin (3) administration in animals (1) It includes graphs showing the effects on parameters (5). In the graphs biochemical parameters (5) include alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate 5% of aminotransferase (AST), albumin (ALB), and creatinine (CRE) levels The changes are presented comparatively among different experimental groups. Experimental groups; control group, groups treated with astaxanthin (3), herbicide It includes the group that was applied and the groups that were applied together. The results obtained Data are presented as averages and standard deviations, and are grouped. The differences between them are statistically significant. 10 Figure 3 shows the results in experimental animals (1) exposed to glyphosate-based herbicide (4), Effects of astaxanthin (3) application on oxidative stress markers It includes graphs showing superoxide dismutase. In this context, the graphs show superoxide dismutase. (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities, which are indicators of lipid peroxidation, 15 Changes in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were observed among different experimental groups. They are presented comparatively. Experimental groups; control group, astaxanthin (3) applied groups, herbicide applied group and groups that were applied together It includes the data obtained in the form of average values ​​and standard deviations. 20 are presented, and the differences between the groups are statistically significant. It is seen. Figure 4 shows the results in experimental animals (1) exposed to glyphosate-based herbicide (4), effects of astaxanthin (3) administration on cellular signaling pathways This includes protein expression analyses showing HO-1, NF-κB 25. and changes in Nrf2 protein expression levels in different experimental groups These values ​​are presented comparatively and are subject to control. They are expressed comparatively according to their group. In addition, the relevant proteins... Representative Western blot images are also shown. The experimental groups were: control group, astaxanthin (3) applied groups, herbicide applied group and co-application 30 It includes the groups that were studied. The data obtained are average values ​​and standardized. These are presented as deviations, and the differences between groups are statistically significant. It appears to be meaningful in this respect. 7 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the toxic effects resulting from herbicide (4) exposure. It relates to a composition containing astaxanthin (3), the active substance for reducing. Astaxanthin (3), used in the invention, is a lipid-soluble carotenoid. It is a compound that reduces oxidative stress and provides cellular protection in biological systems. 5 It is implemented with the aim of supporting these mechanisms. In the application of the invention, herbicide (4) on experimental animals (1) exposure is created and biochemical and related conditions develop as a result of this exposure. Physiological changes are being studied. Glyphosate-based herbicides (4) are preferably used. Compounds are being used, and exposure at certain concentrations is 10 is being created. Astaxanthin (3) was administered to experimental animals (1) using the application vehicle (2) It is administered within specific dose ranges. In this context, astaxanthin (3) is administered. The preferred dosage is 5 mg / kg / day or 10 mg / kg / day, and the duration of administration... This is determined based on the experimental design. 15 As a result of herbicide (4) exposure, in experimental animals (1), liver and (5) impairments in biochemical parameters related to kidney function This occurs. In this context, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate in particular. Changes in aminotransferase (AST), albumin (ALB), and creatinine (CRE) levels. It is observed that electrolyte parameters (6) and potassium 20 imbalances occur in parameter (7). Astaxanthin (3), which is applied within the scope of the invention, is the biochemical negative changes on parameters (5) and electrolyte parameters (6) It reduces [the impact of the previous sentence]. In this context:  Decrease in ALP and AST levels, 25  decrease in creatinine (CRE) levels, • Maintaining balance in albumin levels,  Regulation of sodium and chloride levels,  Stabilization of potassium levels is observed. In addition, oxidative stress resulting from herbicide (4) exposure, It causes significant damage at the cellular level. Astaxanthin is included in this invention. Improvement in oxidative stress markers is observed with the application of (3). This within the scope: 8  Increased activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes,  malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, an indicator of lipid peroxidation A decrease is observed. Furthermore, the discovery also has an impact on cellular signaling pathways, specifically protein 5. It exhibits a regulatory effect on expression levels. In this context:  Increased expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins,  A decrease in NF-κB protein expression is observed. When these effects are considered together, the administration of astaxanthin (3) 10 Oxidative stress, inflammation and organ damage resulting from herbicide (4) exposure It has been observed to have a multifaceted regulatory effect on damage. The data obtained within the scope of the invention were compared between different experimental groups. This was evaluated, and the results were found to be statistically significant. It has been determined. 15 In conclusion, the composition containing astaxanthin (3) that is the subject of the invention is a herbicide. biochemical, electrolyte and molecular changes that occur as a result of exposure a technical effect that reduces level of degradation and provides measurable and repeatable results It offers a solution. An example of astaxanthin (3) application under herbicide exposure 20 The procedure is as follows: The rat model was used as the experimental animal (1). Experimental groups control group, astaxanthin (3) treated groups, herbicide treated group and groups will be treated with herbicide together with astaxanthin (3) It has been created. 25 Herbicide (4) exposure was 1.5% using a glyphosate-based herbicide (4). It was administered at the concentration. Astaxanthin (3) was administered orally with the vehicle of administration (2). It was administered via this route at doses of 5 mg / kg / day and 10 mg / kg / day. At the end of the experimental period, samples were taken from the experimental animals (1) Biochemical parameters (5) were analyzed. In this context, alkaline phosphatase 30 (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin (ALB), and creatinine (CRE) levels were measured. In addition, sodium and electrolyte parameters (6) were measured. Chloride levels and potassium parameter (7) were evaluated. 9 According to the results obtained, biochemical changes occurred in the herbicide-treated group. Significant deteriorations were observed in the parameters, whereas astaxanthin (3) Improvements in these parameters were observed in the groups that underwent the treatment. Oxidative stress markers were also analyzed within the same sample. This in this direction superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities 5 Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated. Astaxanthin (3) was administered. Increased SOD and CAT activity and decreased MDA levels in the groups. It has been observed. In addition, in protein expression analyses, Nrf2 was associated with astaxanthin (3) administration. and an increase in HO-1 protein levels and a decrease in NF-κB protein levels occurred. It has been determined that he arrived. These results indicate that astaxanthin (3) application is related to herbicide exposure. a regulatory effect on toxic effects at the biochemical, oxidative and molecular levels It shows that it has an effect. 20 30

Claims

REQUESTS 1. Biochemical and oxidative stress resulting from herbicide (4) exposure. It is a composition aimed at reducing changes caused by genetic factors; its characteristic feature is: It contains astaxanthin (3) for use under glyphosate exposure and 5 the administration of astaxanthin (3) at doses of 5 - 10 mg / kg / day in, - alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) decrease in levels - decrease in creatinine (CRE) levels, 10 - increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, - a biochemical test characterized by a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. and is characterized by exhibiting an oxidative stress profile.

2. The composition according to claim 1, and its characteristic is that the said composition is lipid-soluble. It is characterized by its astaxanthin content (3). 15 3. The composition is according to claim 1 or 2, and its characteristic is that it is in an orally administered form. It is characterized by its being. 25

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