AXIAL CLAMPING AND SCREW PIN FIXING MECHANISM FOR CLAW-ADAPTER CONNECTIONS ON CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY.

Abstract

The invention relates to a pin fastening mechanism used in heavy construction machinery, which enables the connection between the bucket teeth and the adapter bodies when fixing wear-resistant excavator elements to the adapter bodies to be achieved via a main carrier pin and a screw fastening element based on the axial clamping principle.

Description

- 1 - TARIFF AXIAL CONNECTIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY CLAW-ADAPTER CONNECTIONS COMPRESSION AND SCREW PIN FIXING MECHANISM Technical Area The invention concerns adapter 5 for wear-resistant excavation elements used in heavy construction machinery. the connection between the bucket teeth and the adapter bodies while being fixed to their bodies a main carrier pin and a screw fastening element based on the axial clamping principle. It involves a pin fastening mechanism that enables this to be accomplished. Previous Tech 10 The bucket teeth used in heavy construction machinery are subject to high pressure generated during operation. securely attached to adapter housings under impact, vibration, abrasion and dynamic loads It must be fixed. For this purpose, the current technology uses pin connections, wedge systems, Elastomeric locking elements, retaining rings, eccentric compression mechanisms, Wedge-type locking structures and various screw fastening systems are used. 15 The primary purpose of these systems is to prevent the claw element from separating from the adapter during operation. A detachable connection to prevent separation and for maintenance purposes when needed. The aim is to provide. However, assembly and disassembly are involved in a significant portion of existing systems. The operations are carried out using hammers, sledgehammers, or similar impact tools. This is being implemented. This situation involves pin deformation and a tolerance of 20 in the pin sockets. deterioration, fatigue in fasteners, extended maintenance time, and occupational safety. This can lead to various technical problems, such as risks. In addition, the literature indicates that... Various hammerless or screw fastening options to reduce the need for impact removal. They also have systems. For example, “Position-25” with registration number US12203245B2, registered in the name of Bradken Resources Pty Ltd. The "Biased Locking Pin Assembly" document describes an assembly that can be held in a specific position and A locking pin system that provides resistance to rotation is described. “Tooth” licenses numbered US20220298758A1 and US11661726B2, issued on behalf of Komatsu Ltd. In the "Attachment Structure for Bucket" document, it is stated that the pin interacts with and is axial. The description outlines bucket tooth engagement systems that include a locking element to prevent escape. 30 - 2 - “Locking Pin for” number WO2021207788A1 issued on behalf of MTG ESCAPES SLU The "Excavator Tooth" document describes an excavator tooth that uses an eccentric rotary element and requires hammerless assembly. A locking mechanism that provides this is described. US8458931B2 and WO2011038482A1 issued on behalf of Caterpillar Global Mining LLC In the document numbered “Excavator Tooth Retention Device”, the wedge element is described as 5. A hammerless thread retention system that operates with a combination of a clamping block and a screw shaft. It is explained. Also US7162818B2, US6839990B2, US20040107608A1 and Document number CA2348437C also mentions different types of pinned, elastomeric, mechanical, or screw-type materials. Fastening systems are explained. However, in the previous technical solutions examined, the main mechanical loads generated during excavation were 10 The main carrier pin, which carries the load, only performs axial positioning and clamping functions. The main structural and functional differences between screw fastening elements Controlled axial clamping between a carrier pin and a compression cap. it is composed of different elements for load-bearing and fastening functions. fulfilled by and the fasteners are 15 against external environmental influences. No protected claw-adapter connection mechanism has been found. Leslie Bruce Alexander, Orton Simon Peter, Plant Benjamin Charles, Bolt Roderick Mark, issued on behalf of Cqms Pty Ltd, is labeled US8468724B2 and bears the label “Mounting of wear”. The "members" document describes the replaceable teeth on excavator buckets. 20 that ensures the adapters work without loosening, creating gaps, or falling off. A wedge-action compression locking mechanism is described. US8468724B2, carrier nose for excavator adapters or worn excavator elements. a wedge-shaped compression-based device that ensures secure fastening onto the (nose) It relates to the locking system. In the system, two locking elements placed opposite each other form a lock. They are pulled together by means of bolts and create a wedge effect, connecting the adapter to the carrier 25 It is designed to fit snugly over the nose. The system used in US8468724B2 involves compressing wedge elements by pulling them together. It is based on the principle of creating a system composed of numerous parts. This occurs, and wear can take place on the wedge surfaces over time, affecting the operation. Due to mud, dust, or hardened materials in the environment, dismantling operations are 30 It can become difficult. - 3 - In addition, in some cases, impact is used to loosen jammed wedge elements. It may be necessary to implement a wedge with a special geometry for the system to function effectively. They need nests. Therefore, current techniques involve the functions of the load-bearing element and the fastening element. separation, increased axial stability, easier maintenance procedures and 5 Improvements are needed to eliminate the use of impact equipment. It is heard. Brief Description of the Invention The invention relates to adapter bodies for bucket teeth used in heavy construction machinery. 10 axial clamping and screw pin fastening mechanism that allows for disassembly It is related. Within the scope of the invention, the system consists of the main carrier pin (3) which carries the main mechanical loads and the axial the screw clamping mechanism which performs the fastening function Thanks to its independent operation, the connection is 15 under the dynamic loads generated during excavation. maintaining axial stability and controlled operation of fasteners It ensures that it is fixed in place. Thanks to the invention, the main carrier pin and the axial pin perform the load-bearing function. The screw fastening element that performs the fastening function is structurally 20 They are separated from each other, the connecting elements are secured in a controlled manner, and the assembly is carried out. and disassembly operations require the use of impact tools (hammer, sledgehammer, etc.). It can be done without being noticed. The internal drive fixing screw (8) included in the invention, the main excavation in the system It does not carry its loads and only the main carrier 25 with the screw axial clamping cap (6) It is used to create an axial compression force between the pins (3). In this way, the load-bearing function and the fastening function are structurally separate. The separation occurs primarily due to shear, impact, and bending loads generated during operation. While the carrier pin (3) is met by the internal drive fixing screw (8) of the connection It contributes to maintaining its axial position. 30 - 4 - The invention addresses the maintenance period of parts, pin deformations, and connection area damage. It reduces vibration, increases connection stability under vibration, and improves the stability of the fasteners. It allows for controlled reuse. The invention is a modular connection structure applicable to claw and adapter systems. It offers a pin 5 that can be used in different types of construction machinery attachments. It provides a fixing solution. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 01: General perspective of the claw-adapter connection system on the bucket. appearance Figure 02: General view of the claw-adapter connection system on the bucket. appearance Figure 03: Perspective view of the adapter body (1) Figure 04: Side view of the adapter housing (1) Figure 05: Perspective of the nail body (2) and the nail body pin passage hole (4) appearance Figure 06: Side view of the claw body (2) and the claw body pin bearing housing (4-01). appearance Figure 07: Exploded perspective view of the main support pin (3). Figure 08: Main support pin (3), pin support flange (5), screw axial clamping cap (6), cover centering protrusion (6-01), internal drive fixing screw (8) and with these Perspective view of related elements Figure 09: Exploded perspective view of the assembly of the invention 30 Figure 10: Exploded perspective showing the assembly relationship of the fastening system of the invention. appearance Explanation of References in Figures 35 1. Adapter Housing 2. Nail Body 3. Main Support Pin 4. Pin Pass-through Hole in Nail Body 4-01. Pin Body Pin Bearing Housing 40 - 5 - 4-02. Adapter Body Pin Pass-Through Hole 5. Pin Support Flange 6. Screw-on Axial Clamping Cap 6-01. Cover Centering Projection 7. Pin Internal Centering Bearing 5 8. Internally Driven Fixing Screw 9. Pin Internal Threaded Fixing Housing 10. Screw-Driven Wrench Housing 11. Protective Screw Cover 12. Protective Cover Connector Thread 10 13. Pin Longitudinal Axis Direction Detailed Description of the Invention The invention relates to the claw body (2) and adapter body (1) used in heavy machinery. an axial clamping and screw pin that ensures it is fixed without impact 15 It relates to the fastening mechanism. Within the scope of the invention, the system consists of: adapter body (1), claw body (2), main carrier pin (3), pin support flange (5), screw axial clamping cap (6), cap centering protrusion (6-01), pin inner centering protrusion (7), internal drive fixing protrusion (8), pin internal threaded fixing protrusion (9), screw drive wrench housing (10) and protective screw 20 It consists of a mechanical linkage system including a cover (11). The adapter body (1) has a mounting point that allows the tab body (2) to fit on it. There is a connection area. The claw body (2) is mounted on the adapter body (1). It is passed through and brought to the assembly position. Adapter body (1) with adapter body pin passage hole (4-02), tab body 25 On (2), there is a pin passage hole (4) in the nail body. Nail body (2), When placed on the adapter body (1) the pin passage holes They are aligned. - 6 - The main carrier pin (3) is passed through the aligned pin through holes in the adapter. It provides the mechanical connection between the main body (1) and the claw body (2). The carrier pin (3) withstands shear, impact, bending and load transfer that occurs during excavation. It is the fundamental structural element that carries the main mechanical forces in the system. Therefore, the main mechanical forces generated in the system... The loads are transferred directly through the main carrier pin (3). 5 The pin support flange (5) located on the main carrier pin determines the mounting position of the pin. It determines and establishes the axial advancement limit. Screw-type axial clamping cap (6) The cover centering projection (6-01) located on (6) inside the main carrier pin (3) The pin, located in the centering slot, fits seamlessly into the cover and the pin. It provides axial alignment. Thanks to this structure, eccentricity is reduced by 10 during assembly. Its occurrence is reduced. The main carrier pin (3) contains the pin internal threaded fixing housing (9). Pin The internal threaded fixing slot (9) allows the internal drive fixing screw (8) to be screwed in. It forms the internal threaded connection area that provides the internal drive fixing screw (8), 15 by passing the screw axial clamping cap (6) through the internal threaded pin fixing. screwed into its socket (9) and thus axial clamping with the main carrier pin (3). It forms an axial compression connection between the cover (6). During excavation High-quality bolts resistant to transverse and dynamic sudden loads. It is used. On the internal drive fixing screw (8), assembly and disassembly Screw drive wrench housing (10) 20 for providing drive transmission in operations It is located. The main carrier pin (3) also has an internal centering bearing (7) in its end region. The pin inner centering bearing (7) is located on the screw axial clamping cap (6). to allow the lid centering protrusion (6-01) to be placed It has been created. The screw-type axial clamping cap (6) is attached to the end region of the main carrier pin (3) 25 It is a fastening element that is inserted and creates axial compressive force. The screw-type axial clamping cap (6) is tightened by tightening the internal drive fixing screw (8), axial clamping with screw by pulling in the direction of the main carrier pin (3) and with the main carrier pin (3) It creates an axial compression force between the cover (6) and thus the main carrier pin Axial locking occurs on (3); the main mechanical loads generated in the system are the main 30 While the load is met by the carrier pin (3), the internally driven fixing screw (8) carries the load. regardless of its function, it only performs the axial fixing function. It causes an axial compressive force to be generated within the system. - 7 - Thanks to this structure, the main carrier pin (3) is connected to the adapter body (1) and the claw body (2) It is fixed axially between them, and axial escapement occurs in the pin during operation. Its occurrence is reduced. The nail body (2) also has a nail body pin bearing housing (4-01) It is located. The claw body pin bearing housing (4-01) is in contact with the main carrier pin (3) 5 by creating a load-bearing surface, the load transfer is carried out in a controlled manner. It contributes. The protective screw cap (11) is screwed axially via the protective cap connection thread (12). It is connected to the compression cover (6). Thanks to this structure, mud, stones, dust, moisture and This reduces the extent to which similar external environmental influences reach the screw connection area. 10 The protective screw cap (11) prevents the internal drive fixing screw (8) from coming into contact with the external environment. It is positioned to cover the area that is being cut. The pin is aligned with the longitudinal axis. (13), mounting and clamping axis extending along the main carrier pin (3) It shows. Working Principle of the Invention; During assembly, first the claw body (2), adapter 15 It is placed on the body (1) and the pin through holes are aligned. Then The main support pin (3) is passed through the aligned holes and the pin support flange (5) is positioned with the help of. Then the screw axial clamping cap (6) is attached to the end area of ​​the main carrier pin (3). is placed and the cover centering projection (6-01) is placed into the pin inner centering bearing (7) 20 is being carried out. Afterwards, the internal drive fixing screw (8), the screw-type axial clamping cap (6) The pin is threaded through and screwed into the internal threaded fixing slot (9) and He is bored. After the assembly process is completed, the protective screw cap (11), protective cap 25 It is mounted in place by means of the connecting thread (12). During the disassembly process, however The protective screw cover (11) is removed, the internally driven fixing screw (8) The axial clamping cap (6) is loosened and detached from the system. Afterwards, the main carrier pin (3) is removed from the pin passage holes and the claw body (2) It can be separated from the adapter body (1). Thanks to this structure, assembly and disassembly are 30 operations without the use of hammers, sledgehammers or similar impact equipment It can be accomplished.

Claims

-8- REQUESTS 1. The invention relates to a claw body (2) used in construction machinery, and an adapter body. (1) is a pin fixing mechanism that enables it to be fixed onto it. feature; − Adapter housing (1), 5 − Nail body (2), − Adapter body pin passage hole (4-02) located on the adapter body (1), − Pin hole (4) located on the pin body (2) − The claw, which forms the load-bearing surface by contacting the main carrier pin (3). Body pin bearing housing (4-01) 10 − The adapter body (1) and the claw body (2) are passed through the pin passage holes. a main carrier pin (3) that provides the mechanical connection between them, - By creating an axial movement limit on the main carrier pin (3), the mounting of the pin Pin support flange (5) fixed in position, − A pin internal threaded fixing socket (9) located inside the main carrier pin (3), 15 − A screw axial clamping is positioned in the end region of the main carrier pin (3). cover (6), − A cover centering located on the screw axial clamping cover (6) protrusion (6-01), − Pin internal thread fixing by passing it through the axial clamping cap (6) 20 internal drive fixing screw (8) screwed into its socket (9) - For assembly and disassembly operations of the internally driven fixing screw (8). It contains a screw drive switch housing (10) which provides drive transmission. It is characteristic.

2. The invention is a pin fixing mechanism conforming to Claim 1, characterized by its internal actuation. The main screw axial clamping cap (6) is tightened by tightening the fixing screw (8). axial screw with main carrier pin (3) by pulling in the direction of carrier pin (3) by creating an axial compression force between the compression cap (6) 30 by creating axial locking on the main carrier pin (3). It is characteristic. -9- 3. The invention is a pin fastening mechanism conforming to Claim 1, the feature of which is; cover centering projection (6-01), pin inside the main carrier pin (3) Axial clamping with screws, by fitting into the centering bearing (7). by making axial alignment between the cover (6) and the main carrier pin (3) It is characterized by: 5 4. The invention is a pin fastening mechanism conforming to Claim 1, characterized by its protective properties. contact of the screw cap (11) with the external environment of the internal drive fixing screw (8) positioned to cover the part that is exposed and a protective cover Connecting to the screw axial clamping cap (6) via the connecting thread (12). It is characterized by 10.

5. The invention is a pin fastening mechanism conforming to Claim 1, the feature of which is; cover centering projection (6-01), circular, oval, polygonal, conical, stepped or with a geometric structure that can be formed from combinations of these It is characteristic. 20

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