Optimal Irrigation with Fractals

Abstract

Unique models incorporating fractal-based irrigation systems and connecting elements produced using 3D printing technology have been designed. In experiments conducted under equal pressure and duration conditions, parameters such as water distribution homogeneity, pipe length, and water consumption were measured. The obtained data were analyzed using mathematical modeling and fractal dimension calculations, revealing the innovative potential of fractal architecture in terms of agricultural productivity and water conservation. The "Sierpinski Triangle," chosen from among the fractal patterns, was used to demonstrate, both practically and hypothetically, how a more efficient and consistent distribution can be achieved in the water distribution system. A small, concrete model was constructed and a real irrigation test was conducted.

Description

1 TARIFF Optimal Irrigation with Fractals TECHNICAL FIELD TO WHICH THE INVENTION RELATES 5 This invention is used in agricultural irrigation systems, water distribution networks, and additive manufacturing (3D printing) technologies. It is related to the invention, particularly the branching structure based on the principles of fluid mechanics and fractal geometry. by utilizing it to increase water distribution homogeneity and reduce hydraulic resistance and pressure losses in pipelines. It relates to irrigation systems aimed at reducing water loss. STATE OF THE ART (PREVIOUS ART) In traditional agricultural irrigation systems, the standard for transferring water from the main pipe to the branches is 90. Right-angled L or T-type fittings are used. These right-angled structures provide high resistance during water flow. Turbulence can cause sharp local pressure drops and frictional losses. As a result, water As the distance from the source increases, the flow rate of water coming out of nozzles or drippers may decrease, affecting large-scale agriculture. 15 Homogeneous irrigation cannot be achieved in the fields. Insufficient irrigation of plants at the end of the line affects yield. Water loss can occur, while excessive watering of the water sources at the beginning of the line can lead to water waste. In the known state of the art, pressure regulators are used to reduce these hydraulic imbalances. Drip emitters or higher-capacity pumps can be used. These solutions reduce the initial installation cost. and can increase the system's energy consumption. 20 TECHNICAL PROBLEMS THAT THE INVENTION AIMS TO SOLVE The main purpose of the invention is to utilize the principles of fractal geometry and branching structure to improve irrigation. to deliver fluid to the different outlet points of the network with the most balanced hydraulic pressure and flow rate possible The goal is to ensure delivery. 25 Another aim of the invention is to divide fluid channels into sub-branches with gradual and smooth changes in direction. The aim is to reduce local pressure losses and optimize pipeline geometry through the connection structure. Another aim of the invention is to computerize fittings with complex internal channel geometries. A structure suitable for production using augmented design and 3D printing (additive manufacturing) methods has been created. to put. 30 2 EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES The figures prepared to illustrate the structure and components of the invention are listed below: Figure 1: Schematic view of the irrigation line and fractal branching structure. Figure 2: This view shows the schematic representation of the irrigation line and its fittings. Figure 3: 5 lines extending from the water source to the outlet points via the connecting elements and branching arms. This is a schematic view of the irrigation system. EXPLANATION OF REFERENCES IN THE FIGURES 1: Water inlet line / main line connected to the water source. 2: Fractal connector. 10 3: Main and / or fractal branching canals. 4: Branching arm. 5: Flow outlet. DETAILED EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION 15 The invention concerns an irrigation system that distributes water flow to different outlet points in agricultural irrigation. It is a structure that utilizes the fractal branching principle for the purpose of balancing. The system consists of a water inlet line (1), At least one fractal connection element (2) located on or along the water inlet line (1), It consists of branching channels (3, 4) and flow outlets (5) branching off from the connecting element (2). In the structure shown in Figure 1, the fluid coming from the water inlet line (1) flows to the fractal coupling element (2) 20 It is directed and distributed to different branches here via branching channels (3). Branching By gradually arranging its structure, the fluid is distributed to different branches. Figure 2 shows the schematic views of the connecting element (2) and the line structure connected to it. The connecting element (2) is a transition zone that allows the fluid to be directed from the main line to the relevant branches. It has. The connection element in question (2) is 3D printed in case the internal channel geometry is complex. It can be produced using (additive manufacturing) technology. In production, the mechanical and Polymer-based materials suitable for environmental conditions can be used. In Figure 3, the fluid from the water source flows through the water inlet line (1) to the fractal coupling element (2), Schematically, it reaches the branching channels (3, 4) and finally the flow outlet ends (5) from here. This is shown. The geometry of the branching arms ensures that the fluid flows evenly to different outlet points. It is designed for distribution. In the invention, the geometry and cross-sections of the branching channels (3, 4), the flow rate of the irrigation system to be implemented, 3 Design parameters such as pressure and channel length can be determined accordingly. The fractal branching structure can be the same or the same. By repeating the process at different levels, it can allow for the creation of a greater number of exit points. The device described in this invention is used in agricultural irrigation systems to distribute fluid from the main water line to a large number of units. It can be used to distribute the flow to the outlet point. This helps to balance the flow distribution along the irrigation line and... Accordingly, the aim is to increase irrigation homogeneity. 5

Claims

4 REQUESTS 1. A fractal-based system for increasing the homogeneity of water distribution in agricultural irrigation systems. The irrigation system has the following features; a main water inlet line (1), the fluid coming from the main inlet line (1) Sierpinski At least one fractal connecting element (2) that divides the fractal into sub-arms in accordance with its geometry, the fractal 5 fractal micro located in the continuation of the connecting element (2) and gradually decreasing in a hierarchical manner channels (3), channel structure (4) which directs the flow to the lower branches and homogeneous flow out It includes flow outlet ends (5).

2. According to Claim 1, it is a fractal-based irrigation system, and its characteristic is that the fractal connecting element in question... (2) and the associated channel structure (4), hydraulic resistance and local pressure during flow change 10 a geometry that allows the flow to be directed to the downstream branches at gentle angles in a way that reduces losses It is having.

3. According to claim 1, it is a fractal-based irrigation system and its feature is; fractal connecting elements (2) and fractal microchannels (3) have a branching structure based on hierarchical Sierpinski triangle geometry that is. 15 4. According to claim 1, it is a fractal-based irrigation system and its feature is that the fractal connecting element (2), fractal microchannels (3) and channel structure (4) can be produced by layered manufacturing (3D printer) technology. It has geometry.

5. According to claim 1, it is a fractal-based irrigation system and its feature is; through fractal microchannels (3). The directed fluid is discharged from the homogeneous flow outlets (5). 20

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