MODULAR SMART WRISTBAND

Abstract

The invention relates to a modular smart wristband used for health monitoring and sports purposes, which partially powers the system with a biofuel cell that converts sweat glucose into electricity via the glucose oxidase enzyme, indicates stress status with color change via an e-textile indicator consisting of electrochromic / thermochromic threads on the wristband fabric surface, provides vibration feedback via bone conduction method through a piezoelectric disc, and simultaneously measures EDA+ECG+PPG signals.

Description

1 TARIFF MODULAR SMART WRISTBAND Technical Area The invention describes a device used for health monitoring and sports purposes that stimulates sweat through the glucose oxidase enzyme. A wristband fabric 5 that partially powers the system with a biofuel cell that converts glucose into electricity. stress with e-textile indicator consisting of electrochromic / thermochromic threads on its surface Bone conduction via piezoelectric disc, indicating condition through color change. using a method that provides vibration feedback and simultaneously measures EDA+ECG+PPG signals. It relates to modular smart bracelets. State of the Art 10 Today, health monitoring, sports performance tracking, and personal health data are all part of health tracking. among wearable electronic devices used for continuous evaluation Smart bracelets and fitness bands are widely used. These devices are generally to measure parameters such as heart rate, step count, energy expenditure and sleep tracking It includes optical sensors, accelerometers, and various biometric sensors. 15 The currently used technique is based on photoplethysmography (PPG). Fitness bands optically measure the user's heart rate and certain physiological parameters. These systems can measure energy needs using various methods. However, these systems largely rely on lithium. This depends on the use of ion or similar rechargeable batteries, and the user They need to be charged regularly. Also, these devices have 20 e- There are no textile-based color-changing indicators and no biofuel that generates energy from sweat. Battery systems are not used. Current electrocardiography (ECG) based wearable devices include: It usually performs single-channel measurements and can provide data on heart rhythm. 25 However, these devices are unable to measure parameters related to sweat biochemistry and systems that generate energy from biological components found in the user's sweat It does not include. Some research and development studies in the literature include studies on energy from sweat. Biofuel cell systems for obtaining, electrochemical sensors or biosensors 30 2 Prototypes based on this technology have been developed. However, these solutions have mostly been implemented in laboratory settings. These are research prototypes that have been tested, and are ergonomic and suitable for daily use. They are not offered as modular and integrated products in bracelet form. Furthermore, this... Energy generation in systems, biometric measurement, visual feedback, and vibrating alerts. There is no compact structure in which the mechanisms are integrated together. 5 Therefore, the current technology has various shortcomings and technical problems that need to be solved. It includes. The first technical problem is that wearable health trackers are dependent on external charging requirements. The current technique uses the glucose oxidase enzyme to detect substances found in sweat. glucose is converted into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions and 10 a consumer-type smart wristband solution where the energy generated contributes to the device's operation It is not available. The second technical problem is that most of the displays presented to the user are screens or LEDs. It is energy-based and constantly consumes energy. Current systems reduce the user's stress level. or parameters such as physiological condition directly affect color change on the fabric surface 15 Electrochromic or thermochromic e-textile displays, which can be shown in this way, are widely used. It is not in use. The third technical problem is that feedback mechanisms have low energy efficiency. The standard vibration motors used in current smart bracelets are relatively high-performance. It consumes power. Piezoelectric actuators utilize the principle of bone conduction. 20 Solutions are available that provide effective vibration feedback with low energy consumption. It is not widely used in the technical field. Application number US11406321B2 involves the collection and analysis of sweat via microfluidic channels. It relates to a system in which sweat composition is determined. However, the application is primarily concerned with sweat composition. It focuses on measuring and generating energy from sweat, e-textile-based color-changing 25 The indicator combines a bone conduction vibration system and multiple biosignal integration. It does not include. In conclusion, due to the negative aspects described above and the current solutions being the subject of discussion... Due to its shortcomings, an improvement is needed in the relevant technical field. It has been made. 30 3 Purpose of the Invention The invention was created by drawing inspiration from existing situations and overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks. It aims to solve the problem. The main purpose of the invention is to produce a glucose oxidase enzyme for use in health monitoring and sports applications. The system is partially powered by a biofuel cell that converts sweat glucose into electricity, 5 bracelet made of e-textile with electrochromic / thermochromic yarns on the fabric surface an indicator that signals stress levels through color changes via a piezoelectric disc. It provides vibration feedback via bone conduction method and synchronizes EDA+ECG+PPG signals. The goal is to develop a modular smart wristband that measures time. The aim of the invention is to create a device that can utilize glucose found in the user's sweat as an energy source. to meet part of the device's energy needs through a biofuel cell and thus The aim is to reduce the need for external charging. This includes glucose oxidase anode and bilirubin oxidase. Thanks to the enzymatic biofuel cell containing a cathode, sweat glucose is electrochemically converted. converting reactions into electrical energy and energy management of the produced energy By storing data through its circuit, it contributes to the system's power supply. 15 that is intended. Another purpose of the invention is to electronically monitor the user's physiological state and stress level. Visually displayed directly on the wristband surface without the need for screen usage. The aim is to enable it to perceive. For this purpose, a device is integrated into the outer surface of the bracelet. electrochromic and / or thermochromic e-textile yarns, depending on the calculated stress score 20 By switching between different color modes, it provides the user with instant and energy-efficient visuals. The process of providing feedback is carried out. Another aim of the invention is to achieve lower power consumption compared to traditional vibration motors. The goal is to create a warning mechanism that can provide effective haptic feedback. This in this direction, a piezoelectric-based vibration actuator will make contact with the wrist bone 25 positioned in such a way that the vibrations produced are transmitted to the user via bone conduction method The aim is to transfer this information. In this way, energy efficiency is increased and feedback is provided. Its effectiveness is being increased. One of the aims of the invention is to collect sweat samples in a controlled manner and with a microfluidic channel system that enables its direction, both the biofuel cell's efficient 30 The aim is to improve both the study and the measurements of electrodermal activity. 4 Thanks to the structure, sweat fluid is directed to the relevant measurement areas and biochemical energy is obtained. Simultaneous production and biometric data collection processes. that is intended. The invention also includes EDA (Electrodermal Activity), ECG (Electrocardiography) and PPG. Simultaneous measurement of data obtained from (photoplethysmography) sensors and 5 by enabling analysis of the user's cardiovascular and physiological condition It aims to conduct more comprehensive and reliable assessments. Another aim of the invention is to allow multiple bracelets to be used by adding modular usage features. The aim is to enable them to share data with each other. Magnetic snap connectors are used in this context. Simultaneous transmission of biosignal data between physically linked bracelets is possible. synchronization and user-to-user interaction-based health, sports or social The aim is to enable the implementation of these applications. The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention are given in the figures below. This becomes clearer thanks to the detailed explanation written with references to these figures. This will be understood, and therefore the evaluation should also take these forms and detailed explanations into account. 15 It needs to be done by taking precautions. Figures that will help understand the invention. Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the invention. Figure 2 shows a preliminary view of the invention. Figure 3 shows a side view of the invention subject. 20 Figure 4 shows the top and bottom views of the invention subject. Figure 5 shows an example of modular synchronization. Figure 6 shows, respectively, the wristband being worn, the sweat channel being activated, and the stress color indicator. The operation and vibration notification are a representative view of the usage phases. Figure 7 shows the disassembled view of the invention. 25 Explanation of Part References 1. Main bracelet case 2. Sensor array 3. Signal processing unit 5 4. Terrestrial biofuel cell 5. Microcontroller 6. Energy management circuit 7. Vibration actuator 8. Stress indicator 10 9. Microfluidic sweat collecting duct 10. Connector 11. Conductivity electrode 12. Antibacterial textile tape Detailed Description of the Invention 15 In this detailed explanation, the modular smart bracelet that is the subject of the invention is preferred. Their structures are explained solely to facilitate a better understanding of the subject. The invention is a modular smart bracelet used for health tracking and sports purposes, and it is electronic and... The main wristband case (1) forms the carrier body in which the mechanical components are placed. microfluidic sweat collection channels that collect and direct sweat produced on the user's skin surface. 20 (9), electrodermal activity, in order to obtain the biometric data of the user, consisting of electrocardiography and photoplethysmography sensors, the sensors in question Simultaneously, it monitors heart rhythm, heart rate variability, skin conductivity, and circulation. Sensor array (2) that produces data related to parameters and stress indicators, sensor By processing the data obtained from the series (2), the user's stress status, physiological activity 25 Performing calculations related to stress level and health parameters. The signal processing unit (3) calculates the stress value at a predefined threshold. control signal to electrochromic and / or thermochromic yarns when levels are exceeded sending stress indicator (8), anode containing glucose oxidase enzyme and bilirubin oxidase 6 Consisting of a cathode structure containing the enzyme, glucose oxidase / bilirubin oxidase reacts with sweat glucose. sweat biofuel cell (4) which produces electrical power by oxidizing sweat biofuel cell (4) obtained from sweat biofuel cell (4) energy management circuit (6) which stores and distributes the electrical energy obtained in the supercapacitor. When an alarm, notification or critical physiological condition is detected, activate the vibration actuator (7) It includes a microcontroller (5) that transmits the information to the user by driving it. 5 The main wristband case (1) is where the electronic and mechanical components of the system are placed. It forms the carrier body. The main wrist case (1) contains energy production, data The processing, sensor, and communication components are integrated. The sensor array (2) is used to obtain the user's biometric data via EDA. (Electrodermal Activity), ECG (Electrocardiography) and PPG (Photoplethysmography) 10 It consists of sensors. These sensors work simultaneously to measure heart rhythm and heart rate. pulse variability is related to skin conductivity, circulatory parameters, and stress indicators. It produces data. The signal processing unit (3) processes the analog or digital data obtained from the sensor array (2). by processing the user's stress level, physiological activity level and health parameters 15 It performs the relevant calculations. The stress score obtained from the processed data, in the control of the stress indicator (8) and the triggering of the vibration actuator (7) It is used. Ter biofuel cell (4), anode containing glucose oxidase enzyme and bilirubin oxidase enzyme It is an enzymatic energy production system consisting of a cathode structure. 20 in the user's sweat The glucose molecules present are oxidized in the anode region, releasing electrons. The released electrons are transported through an external circuit to the cathode, where they are converted into electrical energy. It produces this structure depending on the user's activity level and amount of sweating. It can generate electrical power between approximately 50 µW and 200 µW. The microcontroller (5) is the central control unit of the system and receives data from the sensors. processing, coordination of energy management processes, user feedback It performs control and wireless communication operations. Energy management circuit (6), low level electricity obtained from terrestrial biofuel cell (4) regulating energy, voltage boosting and energy storage processes It performs this function. The energy produced is stored in a supercapacitor, and the system 30 7 The components are distributed in a controlled manner. Thus, it is an alternative to traditional battery usage. Addiction is being reduced. Vibration actuator (7), piezoelectric disc based on PZT (Lead Zirconate Titanate). It is in the structure of the inner surface of the main wristband case (1), in contact with the wrist bone of the user. It is positioned in such a way as to produce mechanical 5 by the vibration actuator (7). Vibrations are transmitted directly to the user through the bone tissue. This method... thanks to this, compared to traditional eccentric rotating mass (ERM) vibration motors, approximately Effective feedback can be provided with 60% lower energy consumption. The stress indicator (8) is electrochromic and / or integrated into the outer surface of the wristband. It consists of thermochromic e-textile yarns. Signal processing unit (3) by 10 The optical properties of the yarns change depending on the calculated stress score. For example... blue color at low stress levels, green color at medium stress levels, and at high stress levels. A red color appearance is achieved. Thanks to this structure, screen requirements are reduced. Visual status notifications are provided without any visual aid. Microfluidic sweat collection channel (9), controlled 15 sweat secreted from the user’s skin surface It enables the collection and channeling of sweat in this way. The channel structure allows sweat to be converted into biofuel. by making it possible to deliver energy to the battery (4) and the conduction electrode (11) It increases both efficiency and sensor performance. Connector (10) consisting of male module and female module, preferably magnetic snap connection It consists of elements. This structure is composed of two or more bracelets, physically 20 Connectors (10) enable them to connect to each other and exchange data. biometric data, synchronization information, or between devices matched via Application data can be transferred. The conductivity electrode (11) measures the electrical conductivity of the skin surface, electrodermal It obtains activity data. The data obtained includes stress level and autonomic nervous system 25 It is used in the evaluation of activity. Antibacterial textile band (12) wristband part that is in direct contact with the user It is composed of band structures made of fibers or coatings that exhibit antibacterial properties. It contains ingredients that help maintain hygiene during long-term use. In the preferred configuration of the invention, the ter biofuel cell (4) uses enzyme-implanted carbon 30 It consists of nanotube electrodes and a biocompatible hydrogel layer. Preferably glucose. 8 Using oxidase and bilirubin oxidase enzymes, glucose in sweat is broken down electrochemical conversion is achieved. In another preferred configuration of the invention, the stress indicator (8) is electrochromic. It contains a woven structure made of polymer-coated conductive yarns, applied It changes color depending on the control signal. 5 In another configuration of the invention, the vibration actuator (7), PZT piezoelectric disk and It consists of titanium components, and the vibrations produced are transmitted through the bone. It ensures that the information is transferred to the user. The working principle of the invention Sweat formed on the user's skin surface is collected via microfluidic sweat collection channels (9) 10 Glucose molecules in sweat are directed to the biofuel cell (4). In this region, it is oxidized by the glucose oxidase enzyme. This reaction... As a result, the released electrons create an electric current. The electrons enter the external circuit. by reaching the bilirubin oxidase enzyme in the cathode region, it disrupts the circuit. It completes the energy produced. The energy is regulated by the energy management circuit (6) and 15 It is stored in the supercapacitor. EDA, ECG and PPG data obtained by the sensor array (2) are processed by the signal processing unit The stress score is calculated by analyzing (3). The calculated stress value electrochromic (8) in the stress indicator when it exceeds predefined threshold levels A control signal is sent to the threads. As a result, the colors of the threads change. 20 and the user's physiological condition is visually represented. When an alarm, notification, or critical physiological condition is detected by the system The microcontroller (5) drives the vibration actuator (7). PZT piezoelectric disk The vibrations produced are transmitted directly to the wrist bone, and bone conduction occurs. This principle is perceived by the user. The actuator is preferably between 100 Hz and 1000 Hz. operates within the frequency range.

Claims

9 REQUESTS 1. This is a modular smart bracelet used for health tracking and sports purposes; its features include:  the main body that forms the carrier housing where the electronic and mechanical components are placed bracelet case (1),  Microfluidic sweat that collects and redirects sweat formed on the user's skin surface 5 collecting channel (9),  electrodermal activity, in order to obtain the user's biometric data, consisting of electrocardiography and photoplethysmography sensors, With the simultaneous operation of the sensors, heart rhythm, heart rate variability, and skin 10 that generate data related to conductivity, circulation parameters and stress indicators sensor array (2),  By processing the data obtained from the sensor array (2), the user's stress level, calculations related to physiological activity level and health parameters signal processing unit (3) which performs and calculates the stress score,  When the calculated stress value exceeds predefined threshold levels 15 stress that sends a control signal to electrochromic and / or thermochromic yarns indicator (8),  Anode containing glucose oxidase enzyme and cathode containing bilirubin oxidase enzyme composed of glucose, sweat glucose is produced by glucose oxidase / bilirubin oxidase. a biofuel cell that generates electrical power by oxidizing (4), 20  The electrical energy obtained from the biofuel cell (4) is converted into a supercapacitor energy management circuit that stores and distributes (6),  Vibration when an alarm, notification, or critical physiological condition is detected. It contains a microcontroller (5) that drives the actuator (7) and transmits it to the user.

2. A modular smart bracelet that complies with Claim 1, and its feature is; the user's activity level and Sweat-producing devices generate electrical power between 50 µW and 200 µW, depending on the amount of sweat produced. It contains a biofuel cell (4).

3. Modular smart bracelet conforming to Claim 1, its feature is; the inner 30 of the main bracelet case (1) positioned on its surface so that it makes contact with the user's wrist bone, transmitting the mechanical vibrations it produces directly to the user through the bone tissue It includes a vibration actuator (7).

4. Modular smart wristband conforming to Claim 1, featuring a PZT-based piezoelectric disc. It contains a vibration actuator (7) in its structure.

5. Modular smart bracelet conforming to claim 1, its feature is; signal processing unit (3) The optical properties of the textile yarns, depending on the calculated stress score, are 5. It includes a changing stress indicator (8).

6. Modular smart bracelet conforming to Claim 1, its feature is that the skin surface is electrically charged. conductivity electrode (11) which obtains electrodermal activity data by measuring its conductivity It includes. 10 7. Modular smart bracelet conforming to claim 1 or 6, whose feature is that sweat is converted into a biofuel cell. (4) and microfluidic sweat collection channel that allows it to reach the conduction electrode (11). (9) is included.

8. Modular smart bracelet conforming to Claim 1, featuring a male module and a female magnetic strip. Multiple wristbands consisting of snap connection modules are physically connected to each other. It includes a connector (10) that enables connection and data exchange.

9. It is a modular smart wristband that complies with Claim 1 and whose feature is that it makes direct contact with the user. It contains an antibacterial textile band (12) that forms the wristband part.

10. A modular smart bracelet conforming to Claim 1, featuring enzyme-implanted carbon nanotubes. Tere biofuel cell consisting of electrodes and biocompatible hydrogel layer (4) 25 It includes.

11. Modular smart bracelet conforming to Claim 1, featuring an electrochromic polymer-coated conductor. It contains a stress indicator (8) with a woven structure made of yarns.

12. It is a modular smart bracelet compliant with Claim 1, and its feature is that it consists of titanium case components. The resulting vibration is that it includes an actuator (7).

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