VOLUME-COMPATIBLE IN BIOLOGICAL SAMPLE TRANSFER MECHANICAL SAMPLE TRANSPORT CAPSULE PROVIDING FLOATING STABILIZATION AND MULTI-STAGE SHOCK ABSORPTION.

Abstract

The invention relates to a fully mechanical sample transport capsule that protects sample integrity by reducing mechanical effects caused by impact, vibration, sudden acceleration and liquid agitation to which biological samples are subjected during transport, and that adapts automatically to volume changes. The invention incorporates an axially movable floating balancing system that automatically balances the free air volume above the biological sample, and a flow balancing structure that controls fluid movement within the sample. In addition, a multi-layered mechanical shock damping system, utilizing damping elements with varying stiffness properties, ensures that impact and vibration energy transmitted from the external environment is gradually reduced before reaching the biological sample, thus distributing the impact energy in a controlled manner. The invention can also be used with tubes of different laboratory standards thanks to its modular assembly and adaptation structure that can accommodate biological sample tubes of varying diameters and volumes. Thus, thanks to its structure that operates entirely on passive mechanical principles without requiring any electronic components, sensors, software, or external power source, both mechanical effects from the external environment and liquid agitation inside the tube are simultaneously reduced, increasing the safety of biological sample transport and contributing to the preservation of analytical accuracy.

Description

1 TARIFF 5 VOLUME-COMPATIBLE IN BIOLOGICAL SAMPLE TRANSFER FLOATING STABILIZATION AND MULTI-STAGE SHOCK ABSORPTION MECHANICAL SAMPLE TRANSPORT CAPSULE PROVIDING Technological Field: The invention enables the processing of biological samples in laboratories, hospitals, biotechnology centers, 10 among veterinary laboratories, research institutions and similar health institutions This relates to sample transport containers used in transportation, and especially during transportation. mechanical fluid movements resulting from impact, vibration, and acceleration effects. limiting the sample volume, automatically adapting to the sample volume, and with multi-stage shock It relates to a mechanical sample transport capsule that provides damping. 15 The invention relates to vacuum blood tubes and biological tubes commonly used in clinical laboratories. can be placed inside sample tubes and similar sample containers; the top of the sample dynamically balancing the volume of free air formed on the surface, to the sample level transmitted from the external environment via a floating balancing mechanism that moves in harmony It absorbs shocks and vibrations through multi-stage mechanical damping elements. It includes a transport capsule structure. The invention also applies to blood, serum, plasma, whole blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and tissue. suspensions, cell culture media, biological reagents and similar liquid or semi-liquid Free surface area that occurs inside the tube during transport of fluid biological samples. oscillations, agitation, fluid displacements due to sudden acceleration, and impact 25 preserving the physical integrity of the sample by reducing the resulting mechanical effects It enters the realm of mechanical devices. In this respect, the invention is relevant to laboratory equipment, biomedical delivery systems, and biological equipment. Sample logistics, clinical diagnostic equipment, and mechanical vibration damping technologies. mechanical systems that do not require an external energy source and can be considered within this scope. It relates to a sample preservation solution based on principles. State of the Art: Today, they are used in clinical laboratories, hospitals, biotechnology centers, and Biological samples taken in research laboratories are mostly vacuum samples. They are transported in tubes or standard biological sample containers. These tubes contain blood, 35 serum, plasma, whole blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), cell culture media, and 2 similar biological samples must be safely preserved before analysis and 5 It is used for the purpose of transferring funds. Examples of sample transportation methods include: manual handling, road transport, and air transport. transportation, pneumatic tube systems, robotic handling systems and laboratory equipment. from one point to another using different methods, such as automatic transfer mechanisms. They are transported. Vibrations, impacts, and sudden shocks that occur during these transportation processes... Accelerations and changes in direction, free surface motion of the liquid inside the tube. This causes him to do it. In particular, the air volume remaining between the sample and the tube cap prevents the liquid from moving forward during transport. This facilitates its backward movement and is described as "sloshing". This causes dynamic fluid movements to occur. As a result of this movement, the fluid 15 The mass repeatedly strikes the inner surfaces of the tube and the cap area, consequently As a result, undesirable mechanical effects occur on the biological sample. These mechanical effects can lead to hemolysis, particularly in whole blood samples, and to cell damage. mechanical stress on the membranes, disruption of protein structures, foaming formation, microbubble formation and negatively affect analysis results 20 This can cause physical changes that may have an impact. Also, the constant movement of the fluid... This creates instantaneous pressure changes in the tube cap and sealing areas. It can also increase the risk of leakage. Current practices mostly involve external factors in reducing these problems. Solutions based on protection principles are used. These include foam-supported transport 25 boxes, foam enclosures, shock-absorbing transport containers, plastic protective cases and similar packaging systems are included. In addition, tubes are used in some applications. for securely fastening to transport racks or reducing external vibrations Auxiliary equipment is being used. However, these solutions only mitigate a fraction of the external impacts that occur during transport. 30 It can reduce and directly control the free movement of the fluid inside the tube. It is unable to do so. The air volume between the sample and the tube cap must be maintained. Therefore, the liquid mass moves freely throughout the transport and dynamically The shaking effect cannot be eliminated. In addition, in the existing sample tubes, changes in sample volume spontaneously occur at 35. with a movable mechanical balancing element that reduces the air gap by adapting an integrated system that absorbs impact and vibration energy in multiple stages within the tube 3 There is no mechanical structure. Therefore, both the free surface motion of the liquid and 5 Mechanical influences transmitted from the external environment continue to reach the biological sample significantly. is doing. For these reasons, a free-flowing tube that automatically adapts to the sample volume is preferred. mechanically maintains the air volume at a constant minimum level, allowing for free surface movement of the liquid. limiting and distributing the impact and vibration energy generated during transport in a multi-stage 10 by damping through mechanical elements, thus preserving the physical integrity of the biological sample. A new mechanical sample transport capsule that provides protection is needed. The purpose of the invention: The primary purpose of the invention is to prevent the occurrence of problems inside the test tube during the transport of biological samples. By mechanically restricting free fluid movement, the physical integrity of the sample is preserved. 15 protective, spontaneously adaptable to the sample volume and shock transmitted from the external environment. a mechanical sample transport capsule that dampens vibrations in multiple stages It is about developing. Another objective of the invention is to dynamically reduce the air volume between the sample and the tube cap. by reducing the back-and-forth movement of the liquid during transport and the free surface 20 The goal is to prevent the release of emissions. Another aim of the invention is to automatically adapt to changes at the sample level. by creating a mobile floating balancing mechanism that can provide different volumes The aim is to provide effective preservation of biological samples without requiring additional adjustments. Another purpose of the invention is to prevent the liquid from moving as a single mass during transport. 25 to reduce the shaking effect that occurs during the process and the effects on the biological sample The goal is to minimize mechanical stress. Another purpose of the invention is to transmit shock, vibration, and sudden acceleration from the external environment to the tube. by absorbing their effects through multi-stage mechanical damping elements The goal is to prevent the energies from reaching the sample directly. 30 Another aim of the invention is to differentiate mechanical loads coming from vertical, horizontal and inclined directions. by distributing the sudden forces that may occur during transportation among the damping zones The goal is to reduce their concentration. Another purpose of the invention is to control sudden pressure changes that may occur inside the tube. The aim is to reduce the risk of leakage that may occur in the lid area by balancing it in this way. 35 4 Another aim of the invention is to investigate hemolysis, foam formation, cell membrane damage, and protein structure issues. by reducing the likelihood of deterioration and similar mechanically induced adverse effects The aim is to increase the reliability of the biological sample before analysis. Another aim of the invention is to create a system that can be used with standard biological sample tubes. adaptable to different tube diameters, with additional electronic control, sensors, power source or The goal is to create a modular capsule structure that operates entirely mechanically and requires no software. 10 Another purpose of the invention is for laboratories, hospitals, biotechnology centers, and veterinary medicine. in all applications where laboratories and biological sample logistics are carried out a usable, easy-to-manufacture, long-lasting, reusable and reliable The goal is to provide a mechanical sample preservation system. Figure Description 15 Figure 1: Mechanical sample transport capsule of the invention placed inside the sample tube. It is a general perspective view of the placement. Figure 2: Longitudinal section view of the mechanical sample transport capsule; volume-compatible. floating equalization mechanism, flow equalization elements and multi-stage shock absorber It shows the damping structure. 20 Figure 3: Self-adaptation of the floating balancing piston to different sample levels. This shows the working condition in which it operates. Figure 4: Multi-stage mechanical damping of shocks and vibrations generated during transport. This is a study view showing its absorption by the system. Figure 5: Mechanical sample transport capsule for 25 sample tubes of different diameters and volumes. showing the adapter collar and modular connection structure that enables its adaptation. It is the appearance. References: 1. Sample tube 2. Biological sample 30 3. Tube cap 4. Floating balancing piston 5. Piston housing 6. Liquid contact surface, 7. Elastic perimeter seal 35 8. Guide rail 9. Lower guide bearing 10. Upper guide bearing 5 11. Motion limiter / stopper 12. Spring mechanism 13. Diaphragm element 14. Pressure equalization channel 15. Micro pressure equalization channel 10 16. Air vent 17. Flow balancing channel 18. Flow breaker surface 19. Radial flow trough 20. Energy distribution dome structure 15 21. Piston carrier cage 22. Sealing ring 23. Inner support ring 24. Side vibration damping ring 25. External vibration damping ring 20 26. Elastomer shock absorbing base 27. Primary shock absorption layer 28. Secondary shock absorption layer 29. Air cushioning room 30. Viscoelastic damping layer 25 31. Impact distributor plate 32. Lower support plate 33. Shock-absorbing perimeter ring 34. Inertia balancing ring 35. Mechanical balancing module 30 36. Centering bushing 37. Adapter collar 38. Tube diameter fitting 39. Locking tab 40. Safety stop device 35 41. Bottom fixing slot 42. Protective outer casing 6 43. Modular connector 5 44. Mechanical mounting lock 45. Capsule carrier frame Description of the Invention: The invention addresses the impact, vibration, and sudden shocks to which biological samples are subjected during transport. To reduce free fluid motion caused by acceleration effects, 10 a mechanical sample carrier developed that can be placed inside the sample tube (1) It relates to the capsule. Mechanical sample transport capsule; volume equalization subsystem, flow control subsystem, multi-stage shock absorption subsystem and modular assembly subsystem the system consists of four basic mechanical subsystems that work in coordination with each other. It consists of 15. The mechanical sample transport capsule in question contains the biological sample (2). inside the sample tube (1) a self-adapting to the sample level Floating balance system with multi-stage impact located in the lower section of the tube It is based on the principle of the damping system working together. These subsystems... They work together mechanically, interacting with each other, and the 20 that occur during transport An integrated structure designed to reduce the amount of mechanical impacts reaching the biological sample. This creates both free fluid movement within the tube. both mechanical effects transmitted from the external environment to the tube are limited and biological effects are also minimized. The amount of contact with the sample is significantly reduced. The sample tube (1) is closed at the top with the tube cap (3), and the tube cap (3) is closed with 25 floating balance that can move within the volume between biological samples (2) The piston (4) is located. Floating balancing piston (4), piston body (5) and biological controlled liquid contact surface (6) in contact with sample (2) to the sample surface. It is in contact in this way. The piston body (5) is secured to the sample tube by means of the elastic surrounding seal (7). (1) it is in contact with the inner surface in a leak-proof manner and its movement is inside the tube. along the created guide rails (8), lower guide bearing (9) and upper guide bearing (10) Thus, the floating balancing piston (4) operates only in the axial direction. It moves in a controlled manner, preventing tilting, jamming, or lateral deviation. The range of motion of the floating balancing piston (4) is 35°C, the range of motion limiter stop (11). is determined by the piston to the tube cap (3) or to the biological sample (2) Excessive force application is prevented. Thus, the system can accommodate biological materials of varying volumes. 7 5 that can work safely on samples without requiring any manual adjustments. It forms a mechanical structure. This fundamental structure of the invention features a movable upper section that provides volume balancing. coordinated shock absorption system positioned in the lower region with the mechanism by enabling the study to maintain the physical condition of the biological sample during transport. It contributes to the preservation of its integrity. 10 In the invention, the floating balancing piston (4) continuously monitors the upper surface of the biological sample (2). The spring is positioned in such a way that it is placed inside the piston body (5) mechanism (12) or diaphragm element used in an alternative application form (13) By means of, it applies a controlled force to the upper surface of the biological sample (2). Thus, depending on the increase or decrease in the amount of biological sample (2) 15 The floating balancing piston (4) moves axially with the sample and the tube the volume of free air between the cover (3) is kept to a minimum level It holds. The spring mechanism (12) will operate axially inside the piston body (5). placed and fixed on the biological sample (2) is the floating balancing piston (4). and ensures the application of a low level of contact force. Alternative application. The diaphragm element (13) used in this way has elastic deformation properties. It performs the same function while reducing volume without the need for a movable spring system. This allows for the balancing of variations. Thus, different production methods or, depending on usage requirements, with spring mechanism or diaphragm support 25 Applications can be implemented. Contact applied to the biological sample (2) by the floating balancing piston (4). the force will be kept low enough so as not to compromise the physical integrity of the sample It can be determined, and biological factors are considered when performing the volume balancing function. The aim is to avoid creating additional mechanical stress on the sample. 30 Floating depending on the increase or decrease in the volume of the biological sample (2) each by the effect of the balancing piston (4), spring mechanism (12) or diaphragm element (13) It reaches a new equilibrium position by moving in a controlled manner in two directions. Thus... The system allows for biological processing at different sample volumes without requiring any manual adjustment. The air volume between the sample (2) and the tube cap (3) is automatically reduced to 35 It balances. 8 Pressure equalization channel (14) created inside the floating equalization piston (4), 5 sudden pressure changes that may occur during piston movement It balances. Micro pressure created depending on the pressure balancing channel (14). Balancing channels (15) allow pressure changes to occur in a more controlled manner. This prevents the piston movement from being sudden and irregular. Pressure equalization channel (14), micro pressure equalization channel (15) and flow equalization 10 The channel (17) is designed to perform different mechanical tasks. Pressure equalization channel (14) balances volume changes caused by piston movement. balancing; micro pressure balancing channel (15), sudden pressure increases reducing; flow balancing channel (17) reduces the liquid in the biological sample (2) It contributes to the controlled guidance of their movements. 15 Air release channel (16) located on the piston body (5), floating balancing piston (4) biological sample (2) when the piston is placed into the sample tube (1) for the first time It allows for the controlled removal of any air volume that may be trapped between them. Thus, it is possible for the piston to make full contact with the surface of the biological sample (2) and The system can function effectively from the very first moment of use. 20 The floating balancing piston (4) also contains a flow balancing channel (17), flow breaker The surface (18) and radial flow trough (19) are designed to work together. Flow equilibration channel (17), sudden fluid formation on biological sample (2) while enabling the controlled direction of their movements, the flow breaker surface (18) By preventing the liquid from moving as a single mass, the kinetic energy is reduced to a smaller size. 25 It contributes to the separation of the flow components. The radial flow channel (19) is the liquid's By allowing controlled distribution of air around the circumferential direction on the piston's underside, it provides freedom of movement. It helps reduce surface oscillations. The energy dissipative dome structure (20) created at the bottom of the piston body (5) is biological The mechanical loads that the sample (2) transmits to the piston during transport are 30 on a large surface. By ensuring the dispersion of force, it reduces point concentrations of force. Thus, both This increases the operational stability of the piston and also prevents potential damage to the biological sample. This helps to reduce sudden mechanical stresses. The floating balancing piston (4) is guided inside the piston carrier cage (21), Seal ring (22) and inner support 35 between piston body (5) and sample tube (1) It is protected by means of the sealing ring (23). The sealing ring (22) protects the biological sample. While preventing the piston from passing from the surrounding area to the upper region, the inner support ring (23) piston 9 by stabilizing the axial movement of its body, ensuring long-term use. 5 This contributes to reducing mechanical wear during operation. Thus, volume Balancing subsystem; controlled movement of the floating balancing piston (4), spring The balancing force generated by the mechanism (12) or diaphragm element (13), pressure equalization channel (14), micro pressure equalization channel (15), air release channel (16), flow balancing channel (17), flow breaker surface (18), radial flow chute (19) and energy 10 flow control functions performed by the diffuser dome structure (20) By working together, the biological sample (2) is kept stable during transport. This integrated structure enables volume changes and pressure adjustments. Free surface oscillations are controlled simultaneously by monitoring the balance and fluid movements. Its occurrence is significantly limited. 15 Thanks to this structure, the floating balancing mechanism reduces the amount of biological sample. Automatically adapting to changes, constantly minimizing free air volume maintaining the level, mechanically restricting the free surface movements of the fluid, and transporting it. contributing to the preservation of the physical integrity of the biological sample during the process It creates an adaptive volume balancing system. 20 In addition to the floating balancing mechanism, the invention incorporates an external device into the sample tube (1). In order to reduce the effects of shock, vibration and sudden acceleration transmitted from the environment, A multi-stage mechanical shock absorption system has been created. This system absorbs lateral vibrations. damping ring (24), external vibration damping ring (25), elastomer shock damping base (26), primary shock damping layer (27), secondary shock damping 25 layer (28), air cushioning chamber (29), viscoelastic damping layer (30), impact distribution plate (31), lower support plate (32), shock distribution perimeter ring (33), inertia by the balancing ring (34) and mechanical balancing module (35) is being created. Side vibration damping ring (24) and outer vibration damping ring (25), sample 30 to withstand the horizontal vibrations transmitted to the side surfaces of the tube (1) These rings are positioned because of their structure, which allows them to exhibit elastic deformation. It reduces the direct transmission of sudden vibrations to the sample tube (1) and vibration by dissipating a significant portion of its energy, it transfers it to a controlled lower damping system. It transmits in this way. 35 The elastomer shock absorption base (26) located in the lower part of the sample tube (1), The primary damping system that first absorbs vertical shocks generated during transport. It forms the element. 5 placed on the elastomer shock absorbing base (26) primary shock damping layer (27) and secondary shock damping layer (28), different Made from materials with elastic properties, it concentrates impact energy at a single point. It prevents the concentration of energy and ensures its gradual reduction. Primary shock damping layer (27) and secondary shock damping layer (28) The air cushion chamber created between them (29) changes its volume at the moment of sudden impact 10 It performs an additional energy absorption function. Air cushion chamber (29), thanks to its compressible structure, sudden loads can reach the biological sample directly (2) It delays the impact and helps to reduce its effects by spreading them out over time. viscoelastic damping layer located under the air cushion chamber (29) (30), impact 15 by using elastic deformation and internal friction properties together. It converts a significant portion of its energy into heat energy and mechanical vibrations It limits its progress within the system. The impact dispersing plate (31), located under the viscoelastic damping layer (30), on top By spreading the mechanical loads from the layers over a wider surface, point stress It reduces the formation of impact. The impact distribution plate (31) is supported by the lower support plate (32) 20 It is supported and the lower support plate (32) is the geometric part of the entire damping system. It ensures that the components operate in the correct position while maintaining their integrity. Shock dispersing circumferential ring (33) reduces circumferential shocks generated around the sample tube (1) by preventing the concentration of impact energy in specific areas, thus directing it peripherally. It distributes the load. This prevents the accumulation of high mechanical loads at a specific point. 25 and contributes to the preservation of the structural integrity of the sample tube (1). Inertia balancing ring (34), sudden acceleration, deceleration occurring during transport or to counteract inertial forces resulting from changes in direction It works together with the mechanical balancing module (35). Inertia balancing ring (34) all of the mechanical energy generated is transferred directly to the floating balancing piston (4) and 30 Controlled energy distribution within the system by preventing transmission to the biological sample (2) It provides. Mechanical balancing module (35), multi-stage shock with floating balancing mechanism It is the main load-bearing structure that provides mechanical coordination between the damping system, Mechanical loads from different directions during transportation occur between system elements 35 It ensures that the distribution is balanced. Thus, vertical, horizontal and inclined 11 Impacts from different directions are absorbed by different damping elements, 5 The mechanical effect on the biological sample (2) is significantly reduced. Thanks to this multi-stage mechanical structure, it absorbs impact and vibration energy from the external environment. This is not met by a single element; respectively, vibration damping rings (24, 25), elastomer shock absorption base (26), shock absorption layers (27, 28), air cushioning chamber (29), viscoelastic damping layer (30), impact dispersing plate (31), 10 shock distribution circumference ring (33), inertia balancing ring (34) and mechanical balancing The transport of the biological sample (2) is gradually reduced by the module (35). The physical integrity of the body is preserved throughout the duration of the impact. Thus, the impact energy is absorbed. The impact resistance is not concentrated on a single mechanical element within the system; elastomer impact damping base (26), impact damping layers (27, 28), air cushion chamber 15 (29), viscoelastic damping layer (30), impact dissipative plate (31), shock dissipative perimeter between ring (33), inertia balancing ring (34) and mechanical balancing module (35) mechanical effect transmitted onto the biological sample (2) by being gradually distributed This ensures a reduction in the number of stages. The multi-stage mechanical structure in question is only high. Not resistant to sudden, energetic shocks, but rather to low voltage shocks that may occur continuously during transport. It is also effective against amplitude vibrations, repetitive micro-impacts, and short-term accelerations. It operates by providing mechanical damping. Multi-stage shock absorption system; different elasticity coefficients, energy dissipation damping with its own characteristics and mechanical deformation properties It is based on the principle of its elements working together sequentially and in a coordinated manner. 25 Thus, mechanical energy from the external environment is distributed throughout the system without being concentrated at a single point. It is distributed gradually within the system and the damping energy falls on each damping element. The amount of energy is reduced. This allows for high-energy vibrations with low-intensity vibrations. Sudden impacts are damped by different damping levels within the same mechanical structure. mechanical loads can be met by directly transmitting them onto the biological sample (2) 30 This is significantly limited. Furthermore, the damping elements have different stiffness requirements. The system is designed to have different frequencies and amplitudes, with varying degrees of frequency and amplitude. mechanical growths induced by resonance by adapting to possible vibrations This allows for the prevention of damage and ensures more stable mechanical behavior during transport. It provides. 35 The invention includes a mechanical sample transport capsule with sample tubes (1) from different manufacturers. centering bushing (36), adapter collar (37) and tube for use together 12 Diameter adjustment element (38) was used. Centering bushing (36), mechanical sample carrying 5 ensuring the capsule is correctly positioned on the axis of the sample tube (1) by ensuring that the floating balancing piston (4) is free and balanced in the axial direction. It contributes to its movement. The adapter collar (37) is compatible with different diameter sizes. to provide mechanical fit to the sample tubes (1) the outer circumference of the capsule It is positioned and works together with the tube diameter fitting element (38) to mechanical specimen 10 The transport capsule requires additional processing in sample tubes of different standards. This makes it possible to use it without it being detected. Locking mechanism to ensure the capsule is securely held inside the sample tube (1) protrusion (39), safety stopper (40), lower fixing slot (41), protective outer casing (42), modular connector (43), mechanical assembly lock (44) and capsule carrier 15 The framework (45) is designed to work together. Locking tab (39) into the sample tube (1) of the mechanical sample transport capsule after placement, it ensures that it is fixed in the determined working position. and safety stopper (40) to prevent sudden accelerations that may occur during transport. As a result, it prevents the capsule from shifting undesirably. Lower fixation 20 The housing (41) supports the lower part of the capsule, providing multi-stage shock absorption. It contributes to the system functioning correctly. The protective outer casing (42) protects the mechanical elements forming the capsule from external environmental effects. It is a protective load-bearing structure that also increases the mechanical rigidity of the capsule. Modular connection element (43) allows the subsystems forming the capsule to be disassembled if necessary. 25 or allows for interchangeable assembly, mechanical mounting lock (44) after assembly, all elements maintain their working positions. This ensures the system operates stably during long-term use. The capsule carrier frame (45) is the common carrier skeleton of all mechanical elements. by contributing to the balanced distribution of forces within the system 30 It is located. After the assembly process is completed, mechanical sample transport takes place. The capsule moves to the working position. In this case, the floating balancing piston (4), by making controlled contact with the surface of the biological sample (2) and the tube cap (3) keeps the free air volume between the stages to a minimum, multi-stage shock The damping system is constantly ready to withstand mechanical effects that may occur during transport. 35 It is waiting in this state. 13 Adapter collar (37), tube diameter adjustment element (38), centering bushing (36), modular 5 fastening element (43), mechanical assembly lock (44) and capsule carrier frame (45) By working together, we can design mechanical sample transport capsules with standards from different manufacturers. It allows for use in compatibility with biological sample tubes (1). Thus, the mechanical sample transport capsule is widely used in laboratories. Additional structural modifications to sample tubes with different diameter, length and volume characteristics 10 It can be implemented without requiring any specific method. Thanks to the modular connection element (43), the subsystems forming the capsule can be connected when needed It can be disassembled for maintenance, cleaning, or parts replacement; mechanical assembly. The lock (44) is before all mechanical elements are reassembled after reassembly. 15 This structure also makes production, assembly and service processes possible. It contributes to facilitating [the process]. Centering bushing (36) and capsule carrier frame (45), mechanical sample transport by ensuring that the capsule is held in the correct position on the axis of the sample tube (1) Axial 20 of the multi-stage shock damping system with floating balancing piston (4) It contributes to working together in this direction. Thus, during the transportation process. possible axial misalignments, lateral deviations and irregular mechanical load distributions By reducing these factors, the operational stability of the system is increased. In the working principle of the invention, firstly, the biological sample (2) is placed into the sample tube (1). It is filled. Then the mechanical sample transport capsule, adapter collar (37) and 25 The tube diameter fitting element (38) is placed into the sample tube (1) with the help of and locked It is fixed in the working position with its protrusion (39). During this process, it floats by the effect of the balancing piston (4), spring mechanism (12) or diaphragm element (13) by touching the top surface of the biological sample (2) with the tube cap (3) (2) minimizes the free air volume between them. 30 During the transport process, the sample tube (1) may be exposed to impact, vibration or sudden shock from the external environment. The mechanical effects that occur when subjected to acceleration are primarily lateral vibration damping. This is counteracted by the ring (24) and the outer vibration damping ring (25), then elastomer shock damping base (26), primary shock damping layer (27), secondary shock absorbing layer (28), air cushioning chamber (29), viscoelastic damping 35 layer (30), impact distribution plate (31), shock distribution perimeter ring (33), inertia balancing 14 by ring (34) and mechanical balancing module (35) incrementally 5 It is fading away. Mechanical sample transport capsule; protects against vertical, horizontal or inclined movements that may occur during transport. It is designed to work even with changes in direction in different locations, mechanical systems that will restrict the movement of the biological sample in transport orientations It is able to maintain its balancing function. 10 At the same time, the floating balancing piston (4) continuously lifts the upper surface of the biological sample (2). by following the formation of a new air gap between the sample and the tube cap (3). obstruction; flow balancing channel (17), flow breaker surface (18), radial flow channel (19) and energy dispersing dome structure (20) thanks to which the biological sample (2) is formed inside The incoming free surface movements are brought under control. Thus, the single mass of the liquid is 15 This prevents movement during transport and avoids shaking and foaming that may occur. The occurrence of sudden pressure changes and mechanical stresses is significantly reduced. In conclusion, the invention is a floating leveling mechanism that automatically adapts to its volume. with a multi-stage mechanical shock absorption system for single mechanical sample transport By bringing them together inside a capsule, the physical protection of biological samples during transport is ensured. compatible with sample tubes of different diameters and volumes, ensuring the preservation of integrity. a fully mechanical system, energy source, and electronic control system. or offers a modular transport solution that does not require software. Mechanical sample transport capsule; all operating functions are performed without any electronic components. 25 requires a control unit, sensor, software, actuator, or external power source. It performs its function entirely passively, without any sensation, according to mechanical principles. In this way... The system is reliable, requires low maintenance, and can operate continuously without consuming energy. It forms a mechanical protection structure. Thanks to the described mechanical structure, the biological sample is protected only by the external environment. It is not limited to reducing the impacts, but also includes the 30 inside the sample tube. Free fluid movements are also restricted simultaneously. Thus, the existing protective transport boxes and solutions that are only for external impact absorption differ both external impact effects and dynamic fluid movements within the tube are considered simultaneously. They can be controlled together within the mechanical structure. Different Applications of the Invention: 35 In the invention, the floating balancing piston (4) can operate with a spring mechanism (12), elastomer-based flexible elements, diaphragm elements (13), gas pressure mechanical also with elements or hybrid mechanical systems in which they are used together 5 can be run. Flow balancing channel (17), radial flow chute (19) and flow breaker surface (18) are different They can be created in geometric shapes. These elements can be linear, curvilinear, spiral, circular, or It can be produced in multi-branch canal structures. Elastomer shock damping base (26), primary shock damping layer (27), secondary 10 impact damping layer (28) and viscoelastic damping layer (30), different polymers, silicones, rubbers, thermoplastic elastomers with elasticity coefficients or It can be produced from similar mechanical damping materials. Adapter ring (37) and tube diameter matching element (38), for biological materials of different volumes and diameters. They can be manufactured in interchangeable sizes to fit sample tubes. 15 Each of the elements comprising the mechanical sample transport capsule is designed for its intended use. It can be produced from different materials. In this context, piston body (5), piston carrier cage (21), capsule carrier frame (45), adapter collar (37) and protective outer casing (42) metal, polymer, composite, engineering plastic or combinations thereof can be produced; elastic perimeter seal (7), vibration damping rings (24, 25), 20 elastomer shock absorption base (26), shock absorption layers (27, 28) and The viscoelastic damping layer (30) is elastomer-based, silicone-based, rubber-based or materials with similar mechanical damping properties can be created. Material selection involves 25 elements for each component that makes up the mechanical sample transport capsule. It can be determined according to the mechanical function it performs. In this context, the piston body (5), piston carrier cage (21), lower support plate (32), centering bushing (36), adapter The collar (37), protective outer casing (42) and capsule carrier frame (45) have high rigidity, metals, engineering plastics, and composites that provide dimensional stability and mechanical strength. or can be produced from similar structural materials. In contrast, the elastic perimeter is 30 seal (7), side vibration damping ring (24), outer vibration damping ring (25), elastomer shock damping base (26), primary shock damping layer (27), secondary The shock damping layer (28) and the viscoelastic damping layer (30) are the shock damping layers. energy dissipation, vibration reduction, and controlled elastic deformation. 35 elastomer-based materials with different hardness levels were used to ensure this. Thus, each mechanical element is designed according to the function it performs. 16 It can be produced using materials that exhibit mechanical properties, and the overall system 5 Working performance and long-term mechanical stability can be improved. Similarly, any of the mechanical elements described here are single-piece integrated units. It can be formed as a single unit, or the same mechanical element can be composed of two or more sub-parts. They can also be produced by mechanically connecting them to each other. In some applications, the piston body (5) and the piston carrier cage (21) are protected by an outer casing 10 (42) with capsule carrier frame (45) or impact distribution plate (31) with lower support plate (32) can be produced as a single piece, but in some applications they can be produced independently of each other. They can be created as elements. Contact gaps between mechanical elements, motion tolerances, mounting clearances. and sealing gaps are adjusted according to the dimensions of the sample tube to be used. dimensional differences resulting from manufacturing tolerances can be determined. It does not alter the fundamental working principle of the invention. Floating balancing piston (4) can be flat-bottomed, dome-shaped, depending on the intended use. in conical, concave, convex, multifaceted or multipart geometries It can be created. Similarly, the flow breaker surface located on the lower surface of the piston is 20 (18), radial flow trough (19) and energy dispersing dome structure (20) in different numbers, depths and These geometries can be arranged, and these geometric changes affect the biological sample. (2) basic working principle aimed at reducing free surface movements It does not change. Also, the floating balancing piston (4) contacts the biological sample (2). Flat contact surface, curved contact surface, multi-zone contact 25 in terms of surface area different surfaces consisting of a surface, an elastic contact surface or a combination thereof. They can be created in their geometries. Pressure equalization channel (14), micro pressure equalization channel (15), air release channel (16) and flow balancing channel (17), linear, curvilinear, spiral, radial, circumferential or multi- It can be created in branch channel geometries. The number of channels, cross-sectional area, length and 30 The layout can be modified according to the needs of the implementation, and these modifications It does not alter the fundamental working principle of the invention. Multi-stage shock absorption system with two, three, four or more dampers It can be constructed from various stages. The number and order of damping layers, Hardness levels and placement methods can be changed according to usage requirements, 35 These changes are based on the principle of gradually reducing the impact energy. It does not change the basic operating principle. 17 The elements comprising the multi-stage shock absorption system are only 5 inches from the sample tube. not in the lower section, but on the side surfaces, the environmental formation created by the lower and side regions together. can be positioned in structures or combinations thereof These changes in the arrangement of damping elements can be adjusted. The basic operating principle is based on the gradual reduction of impact energy. It does not change. 10 Inertia balancing ring (34) can be made as a single piece or multi-piece, also in the form of mechanical structures that can be fixed, semi-free, or have controlled movement. It can be produced. Similarly, the geometry, mass and of the inertia balancing ring (34) Its location can be changed according to the application's needs. The mechanical sample transport capsule can be used not only for blood samples; but also for serum, plasma, and up to 15 other types. blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, cell culture media, biological reagents, tissue suspensions, laboratory reagents, and other liquids that can be affected by mechanical vibrations. It can also be used for transporting samples. The invention is not only for the preservation of biological specimens, but also for mechanical purposes. Laboratory reagents, chemical solutions, and calibration equipment that can be affected by vibrations. 20 It can also be applied to the safe transportation of liquids and similar sensitive fluids. The mechanical sample transport capsule is suitable not only for cylindrical sample tubes, but also for square, oval, Also suitable for biological sample containers with polygonal or different cross-sectional geometries. redesigned so that it can be implemented using adaptation elements. It can be resized. 25 The elements forming the mechanical sample transport capsule are injection molded, three- 3D printing manufacturing, CNC machining, pressing, casting, extrusion or similar manufacturing processes. They can be produced using these methods. Technical Implications of the Invention: Thanks to the mechanical structure described; 30 • Free surface movement of the biological sample is reduced, • Shaking inside the tube is limited. • The air volume between the sample and the tube cap is automatically balanced. • Impacts and vibrations generated during transport are dampened in multiple stages. • Mechanical loads are distributed within the capsule, minimizing the 35°C to which the biological sample is exposed. Strains are reduced, • The likelihood of hemolysis occurring is reduced. 18 • Foam formation is reduced, 5 • Sample reliability is increased, • A modular mechanical solution compatible with existing laboratory tubes is obtained. • The inertial effect of the free liquid mass is reduced. • resonance-induced fluid releases that may occur within the biological sample is restricted. 10 The alternative methods of implementation described here are independent of each other. As they can be applied, two or more alternative application methods use the same mechanical system. They can also be administered together in a sample transport capsule. The alternative described above. any of the application methods, alone or in combination The use of this does not alter the fundamental operating principle of the invention, and claims 15 It is evaluated within the scope of the defined invention. The invention is described within the scope of the invention. volume equalization subsystem, flow control subsystem, multi-stage shock absorption subsystem The system and the modular assembly subsystem can be implemented independently of each other. For example, depending on the intended use, two or more subsystems can share the same mechanical sample transport system. It can also be administered in different combinations within the capsule. Bottom 20 addition, removal or equivalent mechanical of any of the systems as long as replacing the components does not change the fundamental working principle of the invention It is assessed within the scope of protection defined in the claims. The components of the mechanical sample transport capsule are reusable. It can be produced in a way that is suitable for sterilization processes in applications, as well as a single 25 also available in cost-effective, one-piece forms for multi-use laboratory applications. It can be manufactured. Depending on the intended use, the system can be sterilized and reused. It can be applied in a disposable or single-use form. The application examples described here are intended to facilitate understanding of the invention. The invention is not limited to the applications described. The 30 applications described... All equivalent applications are a natural extension of the technical idea defined in the claims. All mechanical arrangements that achieve the same technical result should be evaluated and the invention should be considered. It should be considered within the scope of protection.

Claims

19 REQUIREMENTS 5 1. Impacts, vibrations, and sudden accelerations to which biological samples are exposed during transport. and to reduce the mechanical effects resulting from liquid agitation of the sample It is a mechanical sample transport capsule that can be placed inside the tube (1), feature; Depending on the volume change of the biological sample (2), the biological sample (2) and 10 Automatically balance the free air volume between the tube cap (3) For this purpose, a float that can move axially inside the sample tube (1) It must include a balancing subsystem, and the floating balancing subsystem in question must have at least a floating balancing piston (4), piston body (5), fluid contact surface (6), elastic circumference seal (7), guide rail (8), piston carrier cage (21), sealing ring 15 (22), inner support ring (23), pressure equalization channel (14), micro pressure equalization channel (15), air discharge channel (16), flow balancing channel (17), flow breaker surface (18), radial flow trough (19), energy dissipative dome structure (20) with elastic recoil It must include at least one mechanical balancing element that generates the force. the spring mechanism of the mechanical balancing element (12), diaphragm element (13) or 20 It is an equivalent mechanical element that can generate elastic rebound force, mechanical loads transmitted from the external environment to the biological sample (2) in the sample tube (1) to gradually reduce impact and vibration energy before it reaches its destination multi-stage mechanical shock damping subsystem that dampens gradually The subsystem must include at least one side vibration damping ring (24), outer 25 vibration damping ring (25), elastomer shock damping base (26), primary shock damping layer (27), secondary shock damping layer (28), air cushioning chamber (29), viscoelastic damping layer (30), impact dispersing plate (31), lower support plate (32), shock absorber perimeter ring (33), inertia balancing ring (34) and includes the mechanical balancing module (35), 30 multi-stage mechanical shock absorption with the aforementioned floating leveling subsystem and that transport the subsystem to work together within a common mechanical structure. Modular assembly that accommodates sample tubes of different diameters and volumes (1) The inclusion of an adaptation subsystem, the modular assembly and adaptation subsystem in question centering bushing (36) of the system, adapter collar (37), tube diameter matching element 35 (38), locking tab (39), lower fixing slot (41), protective outer casing (42), modular connector (43), mechanical assembly lock (44) and capsule carrier including the framework (45), and volume equalization subsystem with multi-stage mechanical shock absorption sub-system 5 Thanks to the collaborative work of the system, free particles formed in the biological sample (2) It will simultaneously reduce fluid movements and mechanical effects originating from the external environment. It is formed in this way.

2. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to Claim 1, its characteristic is; floating leveling bottom depending on the level of biological sample (2) of the system, 10 in sample tube (1) axially moving floating balancing piston (4) It includes.

3. According to Claim 2, it is a mechanical sample transport capsule, characterized by its floating leveling capability. piston (4), piston body (5), liquid contact surface (6), elastic circumference seal (7), piston carrier cage (21), sealing ring (22) and inner support ring (23) with 15 It is the fact that it has been created.

4. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to claim 3, characterized by its floating leveling capability. piston (4), guide rail (8), lower guide bearing (9), upper guide bearing (10) and Controlled axial movement via motion limiter stopper (11) It is directed in a way that will accomplish it. 20 5. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to claim 4, characterized by its floating leveling capability. the mechanical balancing element of the piston (4) which creates elastic retraction force spring mechanism (12), diaphragm element (13) or providing the same technical effect It consists of an equivalent mechanical element capable of generating elastic rebound force.

6. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to claim 5, its feature is; floating leveling bottom 25 the system, pressure equalization channel (14), micro pressure equalization channel (15), Piston movement via air release channel (16) and flow balancing channel (17) It is the process of balancing the volume and pressure changes that occur during this process in a controlled manner.

7. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to claim 6, its characteristic is; flow equalization sub-capsule. the system's flow breaker surface (18), radial flow chute (19) and energy dissipative dome 30 free fluid movements within the biological sample (2) through its structure (20) It is designed to be restrictive.

8. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to Claim 1, characterized by its multi-stage design. mechanical shock damping subsystem, side vibration damping ring (24), external vibration damping ring (25) and elastomer shock damping base (26) 35 The vibrations and shocks transmitted from the external environment to the sample tube (1) via the first It is designed to dissipate in stages. 21 9. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to claim 8, its characteristic is; multi-stage 5 mechanical shock damping subsystem, primary impact damping layer (27) It includes a secondary shock damping layer (28) in succession and the shock energy The goal is to ensure a gradual reduction.

10. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to claim 9, characterized by its multi-stage design. mechanical shock absorption subsystem, air cushion chamber (29) and viscoelastic 10 It includes the damping layer (30) and the controlled elasticity of mechanical shocks. Its purpose is to ensure damping through deformation.

11. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to claim 10, characterized by its multi-stage design. mechanical shock absorbing subsystem, impact distributor plate (31), lower support plate (32) and includes the shock-distributing perimeter ring (33) and mechanical protection from the external environment 15 By ensuring that the loads are distributed evenly within the capsule, point stress It is designed to reduce their concentration.

12. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to claim 11, characterized by its multi-stage design. mechanical shock damping subsystem, mechanical with inertia balancing ring (34) It includes the balancing module (35) and the inertia generated during sudden accelerations 20 It is designed to minimize its effects.

13. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to claim 12, characterized by its multi-stage design. mechanical shock absorption subsystem, damping with different stiffness levels By means of its elements working together sequentially, it can withstand impacts of varying magnitudes. and will gradually reduce vibration energies within the same mechanical structure. 25 It is formed in this way.

14. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to Claim 1, characterized by its modular assembly and adaptation subsystem, centering bushing (36), adapter collar (37) and tube diameter through the fitting element (38) into sample tubes of different diameters and volumes (1) It is designed to be adaptable. 30 15. Claim 14 is a mechanical sample transport capsule, characterized by its modular assembly and... the adaptation subsystem, locking protrusion (39), safety stop (40) and lower including the fixing slot (41) and the mechanical sample transport capsule sample secure fixation in the tube (1) in the axial and circumferential direction It is a verification. 35 16. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to claim 15, characterized by its modular assembly and The adaptation subsystem includes the protective outer shell (42) and floating stabilization. 22 with its subsystem, the multi-stage mechanical shock absorbing subsystem for the external environment 5 It is designed to protect against its effects.

17. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to claim 16, characterized by its modular assembly. and the adaptation subsystem, modular connector (43) and mechanical assembly It includes a lock (44) and the mechanical elements are detachable and reassemblable. or enables them to be connected to each other in an interchangeable way. 10 18. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to claim 17, characterized by its modular assembly. and the adaptation subsystem includes the capsule carrier frame (45) and floats The combination of a balancing subsystem and a multi-stage mechanical shock absorbing subsystem. Its purpose is to enable their joint positioning on a supporting structure.

19. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to claim 18, its feature is; modular assembly and 15 the adaptation subsystem into biological sample tubes from different manufacturers (1) only the adapter collar (37) and / or tube diameter matching element (38) It is designed in such a way that it can be adapted by modification.

20. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to Claim 1, characterized by its floating leveling capability. piston (4), flow breaker surface (18), radial flow groove (19), energy distributor 20 dome structure (20) and multi-stage mechanical shock damping subsystem different geometric shapes depending on the intended use of the constituent elements It is possible to create it.

21. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to Claim 1, its characteristic is; volume equalization bottom system, flow control subsystem, multi-stage mechanical shock absorption subsystem 25 with modular assembly and adaptation subsystem depending on application needs different types of systems that can work independently of each other or two or more of them can work together. It can be formed in combinations.

22. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to Claim 1, its characteristic is; elastic return. The mechanical balancing element that generates the force is the spring mechanism (12), diaphragm 30 element (13) or an equivalent mechanical element providing the same technical effect and forming a multi-stage mechanical shock absorbing subsystem The number, hardness level, and arrangement of elements vary depending on the application requirements. and although it can be arranged in geometric features, biological sample (2) the free fluid movements within it and the mechanical effects originating from the external environment are equal to 35 It maintains its basic operating principle of reducing costs over time. 23 23. Mechanical sample transport capsule according to Claim 1, its characteristic is; mechanical sample 5 transport capsule into biological sample tubes of different volumes (1) It should be designed in a way that can be scaled up and implemented.

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