CONTACTLESS ELEVATOR BRAKING AND POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM WITH INTERRUPTED CONDUCTIVE PLATE AND MECHANICAL TRIGGER.

Abstract

The invention relates to a safety system that activates during the uncontrolled downward acceleration of the elevator car (2) moving inside the elevator shaft (1). The system comprises conductive metal plates (8) placed at intervals along the shaft, permanent magnet blocks (3) on the car, magnet ejection springs (7), mechanical inertia pin (4), trigger latch (5) and locking mechanism (6). The magnet blocks, released by the relative movement of the mechanical inertia pin, approach the conductive metal plates without touching them. The air gap is protected by flexible damping elements (9). The movement between the magnet blocks and the interrupted conductive plates creates an eddy current braking interaction. The output of the induction coil (10) on the car is passed through the bridge rectifier (17), filter capacitor (18) and switched step-down converter (19) to the emergency receivers inside the car.The system includes a self-locking worm gear manual reset mechanism.

Description

1 TARIFF CONTACTLESS ELEVATOR WITH INTERRUPTED CONDUCTIVE PLATE AND MECHANICAL TRIGGER. BRAKING AND POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM TECHNICAL AREA 5 The invention relates to elevator safety systems used in vertical transportation systems. This is particularly relevant during the uncontrolled downward acceleration of the elevator cabin. mechanical release of permanent magnet blocks located on the cabinet the release of these permanent magnet blocks intermittently along the elevator shaft It undergoes contactless magnetic interaction with conductive metal plates placed as such, and 10 Electrical energy is obtained from the change in magnetic flux that occurs during this interaction. It relates to an elevator braking and power supply system. STATE OF THE ART Limiting the uncontrolled movement of the elevator cabin in elevator systems 15 mechanical safety brakes that mostly make physical contact with guide rails for this purpose These systems use brake elements, wedges, shoes, or similar components. The clamping elements make contact with the guide rails and the cabin moves. It is limited by the friction force. The brake during this contact... wear on elements and guide rails, increase in surface temperature and mechanical 20 Deformation may occur. In the known state of the art, electromechanical or electromagnetic There are also safety brakes engaged by actuators. For example, EP. Document number 3617120 A1 describes a moving component inside an elevator shaft. a safety brake in contact with the guide rail, electromechanical actuator and electrical 25 a temporary power supply that provides energy to the security system during a power outage This structure is explained as being electrically involved in the engagement of the safety brake. It is based on an actuator controlled by a power source and an additional power supply. Document number EP 3231756 A1 states that the elevator shaft is located inside... and a power generation system that produces electrical energy from the movement of the moving elevator component 30 The system is explained. However, the document in question describes energy from motion. production, with mechanical inertia element of permanent magnets on the cabinet release and contactless braking with interrupted conductive plates It is not considered within the same security framework as its implementation. 2 Known systems can also detect abnormal acceleration in the cabin, monitoring the condition of electromagnetic actuators or guiding safety brakes There are applications such as making contact with the rails. However, electricity A movable permanent magnet that is mechanically activated without using its energy. blocks of conductive metal plates placed at intervals along the well, 5 a system that creates successive braking zones without physical contact between them The structure differs from existing systems. Furthermore, the travel distance of the permanent magnet blocks is flexible damping. limited by its elements, between magnet blocks and conductive metal plates Air gap protection, self-locking worm gear 10 magnetic flux generated during resetting and braking through the mechanism the change is converted into electrical energy via the induction coil on the cabinet. a single mechanical-electromagnetic in systems where conversion needs are known It is not being addressed within the system. THE PROBLEM THAT THE INVENTION AIMED TO SOLVE The technical problem that the invention aims to solve is the downward movement of the elevator cabin. electric sensing or electric actuator during uncontrolled acceleration Friction braking with guide rails that can be activated regardless of usage. non-contact and cabin movement along the vertical line of the elevator shaft 20 It is the development of a safety structure that limits braking to distributed zones. The invention also;  During normal operation, permanent magnet blocks pass through conductive metal plates kept away,  During uncontrolled acceleration, the magnet blocks are a completely mechanical 25 release in order,  Preventing the magnet blocks from colliding with conductive metal plates,  Maintaining the magnet-plate air gap at a specific working distance,  Manually compressing the launch springs without creating recoil. re-establishment and 30  electricity obtained from the change in magnetic flux during braking by converting the voltage to a suitable level for the emergency receivers inside the cabinet The aim is to solve the related technical problems together. 3 A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The subject of this invention is an elevator safety system; movement within an elevator shaft. elevator cabins, spaced vertically apart along the elevator shaft conductive metal plates are placed on the sides of the elevator cabin It contains blocks of permanent magnets that are in a movable state. 5 Permanent magnet blocks are made of conductive metal plates under normal operating conditions. It is held in place by a locking mechanism located at a distance in a retracted position. Relative to the cabin body during the downward acceleration of the elevator cabin The moving mechanical inertia pin locks the mechanism via the trigger lever. It releases. With the release of the locking mechanism, the magnet's launch springs 10 It moves blocks of permanent magnets toward conductive metal plates. Physical contact between permanent magnet blocks and conductive metal sheets. It is not present and the working distance between them is provided by flexible damping elements. It is determined that permanent magnet blocks are made of discontinuous conductive metal plates. As it passes by, eddy currents form in the plates and cabin 15 An electromagnetic force is generated in the opposite direction to the motion. The system also includes a core located on the cabinet and wound around a silicon steel sheet. It contains an induction coil. The variable electrical current generated in the induction coil... output, bridge rectifier, filter capacitors, and switched-mode step-down converter. emergency inside the cabin 20 is passed through a voltage regulation circuit containing a converter. is transferred to its recipients. The permanent magnet blocks are manually retracted to their original position. with a winding handle and a self-locking worm gear mechanism is being carried out. LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 shows the elevator shaft, elevator cabin, and the permanent magnet located on the cabin. blocks, conductive metal plates placed intermittently along the well, and This is a representative general view of the system containing the induction coil. Figure 2 shows the mechanical inertia pin, trigger latch, locking mechanism, and magnet ejection 30. Normal course of springs, permanent magnet blocks and flexible damping elements It is a representative view of the location. 4 Figure 2a shows the mechanical inertia pin, trigger latch, locking mechanism, and magnet ejection. springs, permanent magnet blocks and flexible damping elements free It is a representative view of the abandoned state. Figure 3 shows the manual crank handle, worm gear, worm gear wheel, and connecting shaft. It is a representative view of the self-locking reset mechanism. 5 Figure 4 shows the induction coil, bridge rectifier, filter capacitors, and switched circuit. electrical connection between step-down voltage converter and emergency electrical receivers It is a block diagram showing the connection. The corresponding reference numbers used in the figures are: 10 1. Elevator shaft 2. Elevator cabin 3. Permanent magnet block 4. Mechanical inertia pin 5. Trigger lever 15 6. Locking mechanism 7. Magnetic launch spring 8. Conductive metal sheet 9. Flexible damping element 10. Induction coil 20 11. Siliconized sheet metal core 12. Manual cocking lever 13. Worm screw 14. Worm gear 15. Connecting shaft 25 16. Re-establish access port 17. Bridge rectifier 18. Filter capacitor 19. Switched step-down voltage converter 20. Emergency power receiver 30 21. Antistatic and dust-repellent coating. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The system described in the invention moves vertically inside the elevator shaft (1). on an elevator cabin (2) and on the fixed parts of the elevator shaft (1) It consists of mechanical and electromagnetic components. The opposite side of the elevator shaft (1) is parallel to the cabin movement direction. conductive metal plates on their surfaces or in sections adjacent to the guide rail line (8) 5 There are conductive metal sheets (8), vertical line of the elevator shaft (1). in discontinuous sections separated by certain distances along its length It is placed. Thus, a permanent magnet is placed during the movement of the elevator cabin (2). The blocks (3) are faced successively with conductive metal plates (8). Conductive metal sheets (8), copper or 10 in preferred application. It is made of aluminum. The length, thickness, and vertical orientation of the sheets... spacing in the alignment and the clearance between opposing plates; elevator mass of the cabinet (2), permitted speed of movement, magnetic blocks of permanent magnet (3) This is determined by considering the flux density and the magnet-plate air gap. At least one permanent magnet in each of the opposite side sections of the elevator cabin (2) 15 There is a block (3). Permanent magnet blocks (3) are horizontal relative to the elevator cabin (2). Each permanent magnet is mounted in such a way that it can move in the same direction. The block (3) moves between the retracted position and the braking position. The permanent magnet block (3) in the retracted position and the conductive metal opposite it. The distance between plates (8) is the braking distance determined in normal cabin movement 20 It is of a magnitude that will create a magnetic interaction below its value. In this position The magnet ejection spring (7) is in a compressed state and the permanent magnet block (3), It is held by the locking mechanism (6). The mechanical inertia pin (4) is located in the upper or lower part of the elevator cabin (2). It is mounted on a bed that allows it to move relatively to the cabin body. 25 Mass and bearing structure of the mechanical inertia pin (4) of the elevator cabin (2) will not release the locking mechanism (6) during normal movement changes It is determined in this way. The downward acceleration of the elevator cabin (2) determines the mechanical threshold value During its passage, the mechanical inertia pin (4) is 30 relative to the elevator cabin (2). It is displaced as follows. The mechanical inertia pin (4) has the aforementioned relative position. 6 The movement of the trigger latch (5) connected by the mechanical inertia pin (4) It causes it to happen. With the movement of the trigger lever (5), the locking mechanism (6) locks the permanent magnet blocks. (3) passes from the locked position to the free position. The locking mechanism (6) Upon release, the compressed magnet launch springs (7) open and permanently 5 the magnet blocks (3) towards the outside of the elevator cabin (2) and the conductive metal plates (8) It moves. For the movement of permanent magnet blocks (3) with magnet launching springs (7). The necessary mechanical energy is transferred to the springs when the system is returned to its normal position. is stored. Therefore, the mechanical inertia pin (4) and the locking mechanism 10 (6) to release from the building electrical network, from the cabinet supply line or no electrical energy is being drawn from an external battery. At least one flexible magnet block (3) must be placed along the line of motion of each permanent magnet block. There is a damping element (9). Flexible damping element (9), permanent In the final part of the movement of the magnet block (3), it gets stuck and the magnet block 15 It limits the impact of hitting the conductive metal plate (8). When the compression amount of the flexible damping element (9) is completed, it becomes permanent. a predetermined air gap between the magnet block (3) and the conductive metal plate (8) The gap remains between the permanent magnet block (3) and the conductive metal plate (8) Magnetic interaction occurs between them without any physical contact. 20 The spring constant of the flexible damping element (9) is equal to that of the magnet launching spring (7) taking into account the force and the moving mass of the permanent magnet block (3) This structure is determined at the end of the stroke of the permanent magnet block (3). to reduce the impact load it can create and the mechanical tolerances of the air gap It allows for its preservation within. 25 When the elevator cabin (2) is moving downwards, it is in the braking position. permanent magnet blocks (3) are placed next to conductive metal plates (8) that are spaced apart. The magnetic field of permanent magnet blocks (3) passes through conductive metal plates. (8) creates eddy currents. Secondary currents created by eddy currents magnetic field, 30 relative to permanent magnet blocks (3) to conductive metal plates (8). It creates an electromagnetic force in the opposite direction to the motion. 7 Because the conductive metal plates (8) are spaced vertically apart Permanent magnet blocks (3), successive braking along the elevator shaft (1) It passes through these regions. The electromagnetic field generated in each plate region... The interaction transfers a portion of the downward kinetic energy of the elevator cabin (2). It converts electrical and thermal energy onto the plates. 5 Permanent magnet blocks (3), neodymium-based permanent magnets are preferred in the application. It consists of magnets. On the outer surface of the permanent magnet blocks (3), the elevator the adhesion of metallic dust particles that may be found in the well to the surface of the magnet Antistatic and dust-repellent coatings (21) can be found. The elevator cabin (2) has at least one induction coil (10). 10 The induction coil (10) consists of a conductive wire wound on a silicon steel core (11). The induction coil (10) is adjacent to the permanent magnet blocks (3) and permanent from the change in magnetic flux between the magnet blocks and the conductive metal plates (8) It is located in the affected area. 15 from the side of the permanent magnet blocks (3) and the discontinuous conductive metal plates (8). During its passage, the magnetic flux changes with time. magnetic flux change, variable voltage at the terminals of the induction coil (10) It creates. The voltage generated in the induction coil (10) depends on the number of coil turns and the voltage from the coil It is related to the time variation of the passing magnetic flux. This relationship is shown in the figure below. 20 It can be expressed as: ε = −N · ΔΦ / Δt Here, ε is the voltage across the terminals of the induction coil, and N is the number of coil windings. ΔΦ / Δt represents the number and the time variation of the magnetic flux. In applications where magnetic flux variation is related to cabinet speed, the voltage is 25. The value is approximately; ε = N · B · L · v This can be evaluated using the following relationship. Here, B is the magnetic flux density, and L is the magnetic flux density. the length of the conductor perpendicular to the magnetic field and the instantaneous speed of the elevator cabin (2) It expresses. 30 8 Induction coil (10), 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm wire in preferred application. It is made of enameled copper wire with a diameter of (11), Siliceous sheet core, stacking allows the magnetic flux to be concentrated in the coil region. It consists of embedded ferromagnetic sheets. The electrical output of the induction coil (10) is connected to the voltage regulation circuit 5 It is connected. The voltage regulation circuit; bridge rectifier (17), at least one filter capacitor (18) and switched step-down converter (19) It consists of. Bridge rectifier (17) receives variable direction from induction coil (10). It converts electric current to direct current. Filter capacitor (18), rectified 10 It reduces sudden voltage changes in the electrical output. Switched step-down transformer. voltage converter (19), rectified variable voltage cabinet emergency electrical to the constant low voltage level suitable for the operating voltage of the receivers (20) It transforms. In the preferred application, the switched-mode step-down converter is 15. (19) The output is 12 V or 24 V direct current. The said output is inside the cabinet. emergency lighting, ventilation fan, or emergency communication electrically connected to at least one emergency electrical receiver (20) consisting of equipment It is connected. After the system is put into operation, the permanent magnet blocks (3) return 20 to be withdrawn, manual access from the reset access port (16) This is done via the winding lever (12). The manual crank handle (12) is connected to the worm gear (13). The worm gear (13), The worm gear (14) is connected to the gear linkage. The worm gear (14) is connected to the linkage. It is connected via a shaft (15) with magnet launching springs (7) and a locking mechanism (6). 25 By turning the manual crank (12), the worm screw (13) turns the worm gear wheel. (14) rotates and returns the permanent magnet blocks (3) through the connecting shaft (15). It moves towards the drawn position. During this movement, the magnet is launched. The springs (7) are being re-compressed. The gear geometry between the worm screw (13) and the worm gear wheel (14), connection 30 It restricts the transmission of motion in the reverse direction from the shaft (15) to the worm gear (13). Thus, the magnet is compressed when the manual winding lever (12) is released. 9 turning the manual cocking lever in the opposite direction of the release springs (7) It is being blocked. The lock mechanism is activated when the permanent magnet blocks (3) reach the retracted position. (6) return to the locked position and the magnet ejection springs (7) are compressed It is kept in this state. The mechanical inertia pin (4) and trigger lever (5) start 5 By placing them in their respective positions, the system is brought back to working order. 15 25

Claims

REQUESTS 1. It is an elevator safety system used in vertical transportation systems, feature; - a 5 that can move vertically inside an elevator shaft (1) elevator cabin (2), - vertically spaced apart along the elevator shaft (1) fixed conductive metal plates (8), - conductive metal in the opposite side sections of the elevator cabin (2) movable bearings facing the plates (8) and back 10 permanent, able to move between engaged position and braking position. magnet blocks (3), - located between the elevator cabin (2) and the permanent magnet blocks (3) magnet launching springs (7), - magnet launching springs (7) in compressed state and permanent magnet 15 a locking mechanism (6) that holds its blocks (3) in the retracted position, - able to move relative to the elevator cabin (2) a mechanical inertia pin (4) - connection between mechanical inertia pin (4) and locking mechanism (6) a trigger latch (5), 20 - permanent magnet blocks (3) in braking position with conductive metal permanent magnet in such a way that an air gap is left between the plates (8) flexible damping elements that limit the stroke of the blocks (9), - elevator cabin (2) adjacent to permanent magnet blocks (3) 25 a fixed on and wound on a silicon steel core (11) induction coil (10), - a bridge rectifier electrically connected to the induction coil (10) (17), filter capacitor (18) and switched step-down voltage converter (19), 30 - manual crank handle (12), worm screw (13), worm gear wheel (14) and consisting of a connecting shaft (15) and a magnet through the connecting shaft (15) a re-attached to the locking mechanism (6) with launch springs (7). setting mechanism 11 includes and - mechanical inertia pin (4), downward of the elevator cabin (2) the relative position of the elevator cabin (2) during its acceleration changing and releasing the locking mechanism (6) via the trigger lever (5). Having a settlement that leads to a location, 5 - magnet ejection springs in the free position of the locking mechanism (6) (7) permanent magnet blocks (3) move to braking position causing, - induction coil (10), interrupted with permanent magnet blocks (3) 10 from the relative position change between the conductive metal plates (8) in the region where the resulting magnetic flux change is present positioning, - worm screw (13) and worm gear wheel (14), connecting shaft (15) limiting the transmission of reverse movement to the manual cocking lever (12) It is characterized by having a threaded connection. 15 2. An elevator safety system conforming to Claim 1, characterized by its conductive metal. the plates (8) are made of copper or aluminum and the elevator shaft (1) in the form of plate sections separated by gaps along the vertical line It is characterized by its placement.

3. An elevator safety system conforming to Claim 1, featuring a permanent magnet 20. blocks (3) consist of neodymium-based permanent magnets and permanent Antistatic and dust-repellent coating on the outer surface of the magnet blocks (21) It is characterized by its presence.

4. An elevator safety system in accordance with Claim 1, whose feature is mechanical. inertia pin (4) vertically 25 in the upper or lower part of the elevator cabin (2) bearing in the direction of movement and mechanical inertia pin (4) It is characterized by being connected to the trigger lever (5) by a mechanical link.

5. An elevator safety system conforming to Claim 1, featuring flexible damping. permanent in the direction of opening of the (9) magnet launching springs (7) of the elements The magnet blocks (3) are located on the line of motion and flexible 30 permanent magnet blocks in compressed position of damping elements (9) 12 There is an air gap between (3) and conductive metal plates (8) It is characteristic.

6. An elevator safety system conforming to Claim 1, whose feature is induction. of enameled copper wire with a wire diameter of 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm of its coil (10) formation of the induction coil (10) and the silicon 5 stacked on top of each other by winding it onto a core (11) made of ferromagnetic sheets It is characteristic.

7. An elevator safety system conforming to Claim 1, whose feature is induction. the output of the coil (10) to the bridge rectifier (17), the bridge rectifier (17) its output to the filter capacitor (18) and the output of the filter capacitor (18) to 10 electrically switched down voltage converter (19) It is characterized by its binding.

8. An elevator safety system conforming to claim 7, characterized by its switched operation. to the 12 V or 24 V direct current output of the step-down voltage converter (19) having and the outlet in question includes cabin interior lighting, ventilation fan 15 or at least one emergency communication equipment It is characterized by its connection to the electrical receiver (20).

9. An elevator safety system conforming to Claim 1, whose feature is: reinstallation. the reset access mechanism located on the elevator cabin (2) The manual cocking handle (12), which can be accessed from the port (16), with the manual cocking handle 20 (12) connected worm screw (13), threaded connection with worm screw (13) inside the worm gear (14) and connected with the worm gear (14) It is characterized by containing the connecting shaft (15). 30

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