SILVER NITRATE FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATION METHOD APPLICATION BOOTH

Abstract

The invention is a cabinet (A) used in the process of making fingerprints visible by the silver nitrate method, comprising a body made of a light-reflecting material, an evidence clamp (3) located inside the body to hold the evidence, and a lighting system (4) located inside the cabinet (A) containing a 4000 K light source.

Description

1 TARIFF SILVER NITRATE FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATION METHOD APPLICATION BOOTH Technical Area The invention relates to a silver nitrate fingerprint identification method testing cabinet. State of the Art 5 Fingerprint identification methods are used in the evaluation of evidence in the field of forensic science. It plays an important role. Making latent fingerprints visible, which are invisible to the naked eye. For the purpose of bringing in ninhidrin, 1,8-diazafluoren-9-one, 1,2-indandione-zinc and Numerous chemical development methods, such as cyanoacrylate, are included in the known state of the art. It takes place. For each of these methods, the application conditions are controlled. 10 Fingerprint identification booths specifically designed for this purpose have been developed. and the mentioned cabinets ensure that the relevant chemical processes are safe, standardized and repeatable. This allows it to be carried out in this way. However, on porous surfaces For the silver nitrate method, whose efficacy is known, similar characteristics are observed in the known state of the art. There is no application booth specific to the method. 15 The current method for identifying silver nitrate fingerprints is as follows: is being carried out. After applying silver nitrate solution to the surface of the evidence. The drying process is carried out under a fume hood, after which the evidence is placed in a dark place. It is left to dry at room temperature for approximately 20 minutes. The drying process... Then the surface was exposed to sunlight or 366 20 in order to make the marks visible. exposure to an ultraviolet (UV) light source operating at nanometer wavelengths This period is limited to 10-15 minutes when using a UV light source. However, if natural sunlight is used, the process time can be reduced to 60 minutes. It can extend for a considerable period (Forensic Sciences, 2011; Bandey et al., 2017). The light source exposure phase requires continuous and uninterrupted visual monitoring by the practitioner. 25 This is because exposure to light for longer than necessary can cause, firstly... The dark color of the visible traces begins to dissipate, subsequently affecting the background of the evidence. Darkening may also occur on the surface. This makes it impractical for use and identification purposes. This results in the inability to obtain suitable fingerprint images. Finger terminating the scar development process at the right time and ensuring optimal scar development 30 Photographing it at that point is crucial for the success of the process; however, this 2 Since the assessment is based entirely on the practitioner's observation and experience, the process It has a structure that is susceptible to human error, especially if it has a high chloride or salt content. Since ground darkening occurs more quickly on surfaces, a controlled environment is necessary. Satisfactory results cannot be obtained on such surfaces unless these conditions are met. is becoming more difficult (Forensic Sciences, 2011). 5 The limitations encountered in the current state of the art stem from the use of light sources. problems arising from chemical exposure, health risks, physical evidence There are four main categories: difficulties arising from the features themselves, and user-generated errors. It can be evaluated under this heading. Regarding the use of light sources, finger 10 within the framework of the silver nitrate method. UV light, used to make the marks visible, can be used even with protective equipment. Even with prolonged and repeated exposure, the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract may be affected. It is known that it can pose significant health risks (Hamouda et al., 2022). In addition to direct sunlight, UV rays reflected from surfaces also pose a risk to the operator. It increases the risk of occupational exposure. 15 In terms of problems related to chemical exposure, silver nitrate solution contains... Substances such as silver nitrate and ethanol evaporate into the environment during application. Its mixing with the air leads to chemical pollution of the work area. The practitioner Repeated exposure to these chemicals can, in the long term, damage the respiratory system. It can cause related discomforts and health problems such as skin and eye irritation. 20 (Steck and Murray, 2024; Bevan et al., 2009). This is relevant to the current state of the art. Fieldwork is considered one of the most significant limitations of the application. In terms of difficulties arising from the physical characteristics of the evidence, the procedure applied The material's large volume, multi-faceted nature, or irregular geometry can affect the light. and makes it difficult for the chemical solution to distribute evenly across the surface. This 25 This situation results in fingerprints developing insufficiently in some areas and excessively in others. It can cause discoloration and negatively affect the integrity of the scar, especially. The inability to ensure homogeneous application on evidence with a large surface area makes the method problematic. This significantly reduces its effectiveness; this can lead to the scars not being made visible or 30 It is possible. 3 In terms of user-related problems, the success of the silver nitrate method is significant. to a certain extent depends on the practitioner's experience, level of attention, and knowledge of the method. It depends on the accumulation. Excessive or insufficient amount of solution on the surface. application, failure to properly adjust the UV light exposure time, or Failure to maintain an adequate distance between the light source and the surface, finger 5 This can prevent the healthy development of traces. In addition, personal Failure to use protective equipment consistently and properly also jeopardizes both occupational safety and... This also poses a significant risk factor in terms of application quality. This situation concerns silver. It is difficult to establish a standard application regime for the nitrate method, and The current application has a structure that is susceptible to operator error. 10 It shows. In summary, the current state of the technique offers controlled results for other fingerprint enhancement methods. Although there are specialized cabinets that offer the possibility of application, the silver nitrate method is unique to this process. by controlling light exposure and chemical evaporation, the different physical characteristics of the evidence An application that can adapt to its specifications and minimizes application error. 15 There is no installation required. This situation affects applicators working with the silver nitrate method. protecting public health, improving the quality and repeatability of practice, and forensic a technical issue that needs to be resolved in order to strengthen the reliability of the evidence This emerges as a problem. In conclusion, due to the negative aspects described above and the current solutions regarding topic 20 Due to its shortcomings, an improvement is needed in the relevant technical field. It has been made. Purpose of the Invention The invention was created by drawing inspiration from existing situations and overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks. It aims to solve. 25 The main aim of the invention is to remedy this deficiency by making the silver nitrate method a controlled process. a fingerprint identification booth that will ensure its repeatable and effective application It is about developing. Another purpose of the invention is to utilize the silver nitrate method during its application. Exposure to an ultraviolet light source within a closed cabin structure is 30 by limiting the health risks that may occur to the operator's eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 4 The aim is to minimize the risks. In this context, another objective of the invention is to process silver. Application of chemical substances such as silver nitrate and ethanol in nitrate solution to prevent it from evaporating and spreading into the working environment during the process and in this way, repeated chemical exposure of the applicator may result 5. Prevention of health problems such as respiratory system disorders and skin and eye irritation to contribute. Another purpose of the invention is to address the application arising from the physical properties of evidence. The goal is to overcome these difficulties. In this context, homogeneous lighting will be provided inside the cabin. thanks to its distribution, evidence with large volume, multi-faceted or irregular geometry Even on the surface, light and chemical solutions interact uniformly across the surface. 10 The aim is to include it; thus, the development of traces is insufficient in some areas or some The aim is to prevent problems such as excessive darkening in certain areas. In this way, especially in materials with a large surface area or consisting of multiple surfaces fingerprints are made visible in their entirety and in a manner suitable for identification. It will be possible to bring it about. 15 Another aim of the invention is to reduce errors in the application process caused by user factors. The aim is to reduce its sensitivity to the elements. Accordingly, a constant temperature will be maintained inside the cabin. And by controlling humidity and light exposure time, the process the conditions become repeatable regardless of the practitioner's individual experience The aim is to bring about this. Thus, applying the appropriate amount of solution to the surface, 20 Properly adjusting the exposure time to the light source and the contact of the surface with the light. operator error in matters such as maintaining a constant distance between the source and the operator. The aim is to reduce variability. Another aim of the invention is to standardize the application process of the silver nitrate method. The aim is to contribute to the process, which will be carried out in a closed and controlled environment. Thanks to this, laboratory procedures can be consistent across different practitioners and different evidence. carried out in this way and thus the method used in the field of forensic sciences The aim is to increase its reliability. Another aim of the invention is to produce silver nitrate 30 as a result of all the improvements mentioned above. increasing the percentage of fingerprints made visible by the method and the obtained prints The aim is to increase the suitability of the evidence at the crime scene for identification purposes. In this way, the evidence from the crime scene can be used to identify the suspect or... this allows for a more reliable connection to be established between the perpetrator and the crime, and therefore the crime itself. The aim is to contribute to increasing the effectiveness of combat activities. The invention, for these purposes, is a fingerprint development booth technology used in forensic science. It offers a new application model for the field. The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention are given in the figures and 5 below. This becomes clearer thanks to the detailed explanation written with references to these figures. This will be understood, and therefore the evaluation should also take these forms and detailed explanations into consideration. It needs to be done by taking precautions. Figures that will help understand the invention. Figure 1 shows a representative view of the cabin that is the subject of the invention. 10 Explanation of Part References 1 Ventilation pipe 2 Control panel 3 Evidence holding clamps 4 Lighting system 15 Lid opening handle 6-camera system 7 Fan 8 Power supplies Cabin A 20 Detailed Description of the Invention This detailed explanation describes the silver nitrate fingerprinting method that is the subject of the invention. The preferred configurations of the practice booth contribute not only to a better understanding of the subject. It is explained in this regard. The invention cabinet (A) is designed to detect fingerprints using the silver nitrate method in 25 different ways. will allow for a systematic evaluation of the effectiveness of lighting conditions It is an application layout designed in this way. The mentioned cabin (A) is 30x30x50 cm It has these dimensions and its body is made of a shiny, light-reflecting sheet metal; thus Increasing the distribution of light generated inside cabin (A) by reflecting it off the inner surfaces. and homogeneous illumination of the surface subject to the trace identification process 30 6 is provided. Cabinet (A) has a hatch and opening of the aforementioned hatch is a door. This is done via the opening handle (5); this arrangement puts the evidence inside cabinet (A). during insertion and removal after the procedure, the practitioner must have controlled control. It allows for intervention. Inside cabinet (A), there is an evidence holding clamp (3) 5 to ensure the holding of evidence. It is located. A lighting system (4) containing five different light sources inside the cabin (A) It is positioned. The mentioned lighting system (4) is made using the silver nitrate method. the visibility performance of the developed fingerprints under different lighting conditions It is designed to allow for comparative examination. This 10 Thanks to the modification, the method's track detection performance is improved by using a single fixed light source instead. They can be compared across multiple light sources, thus allowing for experimental analysis. This contributes to the standardization of parameters. Furthermore, chemical Enhancing user security and maintaining control over the process environment during implementation. For the purpose of keeping it in cabinet (A), a ventilation system is connected to a ventilation button. 15 pipe (2) has been added. A fan (7) located at the base of the cabinet (A) is installed during application. directing the resulting gases into the mentioned ventilation pipe (2) This ensures that chemical vapors do not accumulate inside cabinet (A). This approach contributes to the standardization of experimental parameters. In addition to ensuring accuracy, it also improves the accuracy of fingerprint identification applications, 20 This increases the reproducibility and reliability of the findings, thereby ensuring that the results are scientifically proven. It contributes to strengthening its validity. In the selection of light sources (4) in the lighting system, both ultraviolet (UV) The color temperature of both light rays and visible light and their effectiveness in fingerprint identification Its importance has been taken into consideration. In the design of cabin (A), 25 in the literature UVA light source, commonly used in fingerprint visualization, combined with daylight. In addition to the corresponding 4000 K light source, alternative options include UVC, 3200 K, and 6000 K. K light sources are also included in the lighting system (4). In this context, the cabin (A), Improving and visualizing the fingerprint identification process under different lighting conditions. It is designed to comparatively evaluate the effectiveness of the system. In this way, 30 Identifying the most suitable light source that can be used for fingerprint identification and In laboratory applications, both high accuracy and user safety are essential. The aim was to achieve this in between. 7 Among the selected light sources, which light source is most suitable for fingerprint identification? In order to identify them, the process of marking the tracks is usually difficult to perform. or where the trace detection rate remains low, but effective results are obtained with the silver nitrate method. Experimental studies on porous surfaces that are considered suitable for this purpose. This has been carried out. In this context, napkins (kitchen napkins, hand towels and toilet paper 5 (three different types of napkins including cotton napkins), cardboard cups and corrugated cardboard Different groups of porous materials were selected as test materials. Waiting periods of 1, 7 and 30 days on the materials using the cabinet (A) which is the subject of the invention. Finally, silver nitrate fingerprint identification was performed. The aforementioned waiting period... Varying the durations, the method for traces that deteriorate or age over time 10 This has allowed for the evaluation of its effectiveness. The determination that was made... As a result of the analyses carried out following the procedures, five different items were found inside cabin (A). The most effective light source (UVA, UVC, 3200 K, 4000 K and 6000 K) for trace detection. It was determined that the light source producing the result was a 4000 K light source. Among the light sources in the mentioned booth (A), 15 invisible fingerprints The 4000K light source provides the most effective performance in making it visible. Other light sources besides the cabinet structure (A) can be removed from the cabinet; this allows the cabinet to be (A) structure is simplified to provide a single structure that provides the highest efficiency in applying the method. The aim is to establish a standard operating procedure based on the light source. In addition, the operations performed inside cabin (A) can be done automatically or manually. A control panel (9) can be added to the cabinet (A) so that it can be monitored. The mentioned control panel (9) controls the operating time of the light source and ventilation. by allowing the system to be monitored by the implementer, the terms of operation This will contribute to increasing its repeatability. In addition, in the event of possible power outages, the evidence inside cabinet (A) can be preserved without damage for 25 days. to ensure the process can continue and, if necessary, to transport it to the scene In order to ensure its use, the cabinet (A) has a battery (8) as an additional power source. It can be added. In this way, the cabinet (A) can be connected to a fixed electrical network without and will be able to operate continuously both in a laboratory environment and at the scene. It can be used as a portable application installation. Inside cabinet (A), finger 30 high resolution for the purpose of visually tracking the development process of the tracks A camera system capable of recording (6) and a recording unit connected to it are added. The mentioned camera system (6) allows the practitioner to observe the development process of the marks in real time. by enabling recording without being bound, the development process is accurate 8 Contributing to the timely termination and documentation of traces at the most appropriate stage. It will provide. The structural elements and planned improvements described above, as a whole When evaluated, the maximum applicable to the cabinet (A) and the silver nitrate method in question is an application that ensures efficiency, while also being standardized and repeatable 5 The aim is to establish this system in the laboratory. It can be used as a domestic and original technology in various conditions and forensic crime scene analyses. its development and, in this respect, its significant contribution to the literature and the field of applied forensic sciences. It is expected to offer. The mentioned cabin (A) will provide services in this area in the subsequent phase. 10 by national and international fingerprint identification laboratories It is considered that it can be used.

Claims

9 REQUESTS 1. In the process of making fingerprints visible using the silver nitrate method. The cabin used is (A) and its feature is;  a body made of a light-reflecting material,  evidence retention device located inside the body to ensure the preservation of evidence 5 pincers (3),  a 4000 K light source located inside cabinet (A) lighting system (4) It includes.

2. Cabinet (A) conforming to Claim 1, with the feature of; UVA, UVC, 3200 K, 4000 K and 6000 K light 10 It includes a lighting system (4) which includes its sources.

3. Cabin (A) conforming to claim 1 or 2, and its characteristic is; performed inside cabin (A). It includes a control panel (9) that allows monitoring of the processes.

4. The cabinet (A) that meets any of the previous requirements is electrically operated. An additional power supply that enables cabinet (A) to continue operating during power outages 15 It contains a battery (8).

5. Cabin (A) that meets any of the previous requirements; its feature is that cabin (A) is inside a camera system that records the development process of fingerprints (6) and that it includes a recording unit.

6. Cabin (A) that meets any of the previous requirements and its feature is; the 20 mentioned. the body has a cover and a cover handle that allows the said cover to be opened (5) is included.

7. Cabin (A) that meets any of the previous requirements and its feature is; a cabin (A) is connected to it. It includes a ventilation pipe (2) connected to the ventilation button.

8. Cabinet (A) conforming to Claim 7, its characteristic is; located at the base of cabinet (A) and the gases 25 It includes a fan (7) that directs the air to the ventilation pipe (2).

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