VARIABLE GEOMETRY OPERATED BY EXHAUST GAS PRESSURE MECHANICAL SOUND DAMPENING SYSTEM
Patent Information
- Application Number
- TR202612698
- Authority / Receiving Office
- TR · TR
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-07-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-21
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
1 TARIFF VARIABLE GEOMETRY OPERATED BY EXHAUST GAS PRESSURE MECHANICAL SOUND DAMPENING SYSTEM Technological Field: The invention relates to the technical field of automotive exhaust systems, more specifically to internal 5 Reducing the acoustic noise generated by exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, mechanical management of exhaust gas flow depending on engine operating conditions and variable acoustic characteristics require electronic control elements variable geometry mechanical sound damping that allows for adjustment without being heard. It is related to systems. 10 The invention specifically addresses the variation in engine speed, engine load, and consequently, exhaust gas flow rate. by converting its pressure directly into mechanical motion; through this mechanical motion the flow path of exhaust gas, efficient use of resonance chambers, flow the steering geometry and acoustic damping characteristics are determined spontaneously. 15 adaptive exhaust muffler with a fully mechanical operating principle that can be changed. It relates to their systems. The invention also involves flow direction through mechanical motion derived from exhaust gas pressure. wings, resonance chambers and variable geometry flow control elements Sound damping in different engine operating modes by working in a coordinated manner. mechanical flow 20 aimed at improving both performance and exhaust flow efficiency. It includes management systems. The invention relates to automobiles, light commercial vehicles, heavy commercial vehicles, motorcycles, off-road vehicles, and construction machinery. exhaust systems used in generators and similar vehicles that use internal combustion engines applicable in systems; any electronic control unit (ECU), electrical It requires a motor, sensor, servo actuator, pneumatic or hydraulic drive system. 25 variable geometry mechanical sound that operates solely on exhaust gas pressure without being heard. It is related to damping systems, automotive exhaust acoustic control and mechanical flow. It is evaluated within the scope of the management technical field. State of the Art: The exhaust gases produced as a result of combustion in internal combustion engines must be safely discharged within 30 days. reducing acoustic noise generated during its release into the atmosphere For this purpose, exhaust muffler systems with different structural characteristics are used. Commonly used silencers today include expansion chambers and resonance chambers. 2 Structures consisting of perforated pipes, sound-absorbing filler materials, and constant flow channels. However, these systems are based on specific engine operating conditions. because it is designed so that engine speed, engine load and exhaust gas flow rate are constantly changing Same level of sound damping performance and flow efficiency as in real operating conditions. It cannot provide. 5 The current technology aims to solve this problem by using electronically controlled exhaust. valves, servo motor-driven flow control mechanisms, vacuum-controlled Variable exhaust controlled by actuators or electronic control unit (ECU) These systems are used. In these systems, the exhaust gas is directed to different flow paths. by directing the acoustic performance at specific engine speeds and exhaust 10 The aim is to keep the back pressure under control. However, the aforementioned Solutions include: dependence on electrical energy, need for electronic control, additional sensors. cabling and actuator requirements, increased production and maintenance costs, assembly its complexity and important issues such as reliability problems related to electronic component failures It has disadvantages. 15 On the other hand, there are some exhaust systems that are based solely on mechanical principles. Together, most of these systems are simple valves that perform single-stage action. These solutions consist of mechanisms or fixed guiding elements. In most cases, it can only change the exhaust flow cross-section, resulting in different resonances of the exhaust gas. controlled orientation of the chambers, resonance volume motor operation 20 Modification according to conditions and variable geometry of acoustic characteristics It is unable to adapt it using [method]. As a result, low, medium and high Low exhaust flow with balanced sound damping performance across all engine speeds. An effective working method that provides both resistance and functionality cannot be achieved. In addition, existing muffler systems include flow guiding elements, resonance chambers, and 25 Flow control mechanisms are mostly structures that operate independently of each other. It is being designed so that natural variations in exhaust gas pressure are directly mechanical. by converting it into motion, it enables the muffler geometry to change automatically. Integrated mechanical systems have not been developed to a sufficient level. Therefore, exhaust Gas flow path, resonance volume and acoustic damping characteristics of engine operation 30 It cannot be continuously adapted to the requirements; consequently, both the sound control and However, exhaust flow efficiency cannot be achieved at the desired level. 3 Therefore, the exhaust gas pressure varies depending on the engine operating conditions. any external electronic control element that converts directly into mechanical motion, It operates without the need for sensors, actuators, or external power sources, and removes exhaust gas. Automatic flow between variable geometry flow paths and resonance chambers. capable of directing, acoustic damping characteristics and exhaust flow management together 5 A new mechanical sound damping system capable of regulation is needed. This The invention was developed to meet the aforementioned need and to improve upon the existing technology described above. It aims to address the shortcomings mentioned. The purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to achieve a variable flow rate of exhaust gases produced in internal combustion engines, 10 by automatically adapting to flow rate and pressure in different engine operating conditions providing effective acoustic damping, without any external electronic control element, sensor, a variable geometry mechanical system that does not require an actuator or external power source The goal is to develop an exhaust sound damping system. Another aim of the invention is to create a 15 that directly converts exhaust gas pressure into mechanical motion. flow guiding elements that move via a pressure drive mechanism By automatically changing its position, it directs the exhaust gas to different resonance chambers in a controlled manner. to ensure that it is directed in this way and thus the acoustic damping characteristic The engine automatically adjusts itself depending on the operating conditions. Another objective of the invention is to create a spring-assisted mechanical system that operates based on exhaust gas pressure. Thanks to the motion system, the flow geometry inside the silencer and the resonance chambers Dynamically changing its efficient use to produce effective sound at low engine speeds. damping, an adaptive exhaust that provides low flow resistance at high engine speeds. The goal is to create the system. Another aim of the invention is to determine the flow path of the exhaust gas using variable geometry flow. 25 balancing the exhaust back pressure by regulating it through control elements. contributing factors, also linking acoustic performance and exhaust flow efficiency. a mechanical flow management system that provides a balanced operating characteristic It is about developing. Another purpose of the invention is to integrate an electronic control unit (ECU), electric motor, and servo motor. actuator, vacuum-controlled actuator, pneumatic system, hydraulic drive system, or similar. from exhaust gas pressure alone, without the need for additional control components 4 a reliable, low-maintenance and long-lasting product that works by utilizing resources. The goal is to provide a mechanical sound dampening system. Another objective of the invention is a variable geometry flow control mechanism, for multiple Resonance chambers and pressure-driven mechanical motion systems within the same structure. By operating them in a coordinated manner, acoustic performance is achieved under different engine speeds and load conditions. The goal is to enable automatic adaptation of performance and exhaust flow management. Another aim of the invention is to enable different types of mechanical operation thanks to its modular structure. Easily adaptable to exhaust systems, easy to manufacture, install and maintain, and durable. and to develop a long-lasting sound damping system. Another purpose of the invention is to be used in passenger cars, light and heavy commercial vehicles, motorcycles, 10 off-road vehicles, construction equipment, generators and similar different devices that use internal combustion engines applicable on platforms, can be integrated into existing exhaust systems or can be created as new A variable geometry mechanical sound that can be directly applied to exhaust systems. The goal is to provide a damping system. Explanation of Figures 15 Figure 1: The subject of the invention is a variable geometry mechanical sound system operating with exhaust gas pressure. This is a general perspective view of the damping system. Figure 2: Flow guiding chambers located within the main body of the silencer, resonance chambers, movable flow guiding vane and pressure-driven mechanical movement It is a longitudinal section view showing the mechanism. 20 Figure 3: Pressure sensing chamber, actuator piston, and actuator transmission mechanism. mechanical system that enables the positioning of the movable flow guiding vane. Detail view of the drive system. Figure 4: Movement depending on different exhaust gas pressures and engine operating conditions. Variable 25 is created by the flow guide vane moving to different angular positions. It is a cross-sectional view showing the geometric working conditions. References: 1. Mechanical sound damping system 2. Muffler main body 3. Exhaust gas inlet pipe 30 4. Exhaust gas outlet pipe 5. Main stream channel 6. First resonance chamber 7. Second resonance chamber 8. Third resonance chamber 9. Flow redirection chamber 10. Moving flow guiding vane 11. Wing support shaft 5 12. Shaft bearing housing 13. Pressure sensing chamber 14. Pressure transmission channel 15. Pressure-driven piston 16. Piston guide cylinder 10 17. Power transmission lever 18. Wing drive linkage 19. Return spring 20. Spring preload adjustment mechanism 21. Spring carrier bearing 15 22. Maximum opening limiter 23. Minimum opening limiter 24. Multi-stage flow passage openings 25. Flow balancing chamber 26. Acoustic directional plate 20 27. Gas expansion chamber 28. Turbulence regulation surface 29. Pressure equalization channel 30. Wing angle adjustment mechanism 31. Gradual movement limiter 25 32. Resonance coupling channel 33. Flow passage control opening 34. Pressure equalization valve Description of the Invention: The invention allows for the measurement of exhaust gas pressure using any electronic control element, sensor, or electrical device. directly without using a motor, servo actuator, pneumatic or hydraulic drive system. by converting the exhaust gas flow path inside the muffler into mechanical motion. A variable that automatically regulates its acoustic behavior according to operating conditions. 6 It is related to a geometric mechanical sound damping system (1). The system is related to the engine operation. mechanical motion of exhaust gas flow rate and pressure, which vary depending on the conditions. by transforming the flow direction, efficient use of resonance chambers and inside the silencer It is configured to automatically change the flow geometry. Within the scope of the invention, mechanical sound damping system (1), silencer main body (2) 5 It can be integrated internally or connected to an existing exhaust line. It can also be configured as a modular silencer unit. The flow that makes up the system. The steering, pressure sensing, and mechanical movement components of the muffler main body. (2) different parts that will provide fluid and mechanical connection with each other or with each other in the same section They can be positioned in the sections. In this context, the components include the main muffler 10 its placement inside the body (2), engine type, exhaust gas flow rate, vehicle to which it will be applied or depending on the acoustic damping characteristic targeted by the power system It can be changed. Within the scope of the invention, the muffler main body (2), which forms the carrier structure of the system, exhaust a closed housing extending between the gas inlet pipe (3) and the exhaust gas outlet pipe (4) 15 It has the following structure. Exhaust gas passes through the intake pipe (3) from the engine manifold. It is taken into the muffler main body (2) and proceeds along the main flow channel (5) It is discharged to the atmosphere via the outlet pipe (4). The main flow channel (5) is only It is designed so as not to create a linear transition line, allowing for different gas flows. 20 that will allow alternative flow paths to be directed in working conditions This is supported by internal structures with variable geometries. First resonance chamber (6), second resonance chamber respectively around the main flow channel (5) (7) and the third resonance chamber (8) are located. These resonance chambers are different controlled damping of sound waves generated in frequency ranges It is designed to have different volumes and geometries, thus providing 25 only a single acoustic frequency component that varies depending on engine speed not by the resonance volume, but by the selective activation of different resonance chambers. The aim is to reduce it. In the sample application of the invention, the first resonance chamber (6), the second resonance chamber (7) and Although the third resonance chamber (8) was used, the number of resonance chambers ranged from three to 30 It is not limited. Two or more resonance chambers may be required depending on the application needs. available; the volumes of the rooms in question, their cross-sectional geometries, and the main flow channel (5) their positions and connections with each other according to different frequency bands 7 It can be arranged in a way that is suitable for damping. Resonance chambers are directly connected to the mains. It may be connected with the flow channel (5) or the stepped flow passage openings (24) via, via the resonance coupling channel (32) or via the flow transition control opening (33) They can also establish a connection indirectly through this channel. Main flow channel (5) and first resonance chamber (6), second resonance chamber (7) and third 5 A flow control chamber (9) was created between the resonance chamber (8). Flow The redirect chamber (9) directs the exhaust gas to which resonance chamber and in what quantity It is the transition zone that determines how it will be directed, and the system operates with variable geometry. It plays a fundamental role in the formation of its characteristic. Located inside the reservoir (9) The field-moving flow guiding vane (10) directs the flow direction and flow cross-section of the exhaust gas. by changing the gas to move directly along the main flow channel (5) or specific It ensures that the flow is directed into resonance chambers at certain ratios. Moving flow steering flap (10), planar flap, curved flap, butterfly flap, cover, valve or an equivalent movable diverter that can change the exhaust gas flow cross-section and direction. It can be structured in the form of an element. The surface geometry of the wing (10) can hold the exhaust gas 15 will direct flow to specific resonance chambers, limit flow separation, and on the wing in a way that will make the acting pressure force compatible with the mechanical drive system It can be determined. The movable flow guide vane (10) can rotate on the vane carrier shaft (11). connected in such a way that the shaft has a low friction 20 inside the shaft bearing housing (12). It is supported in this way. Thus, the wing (10) responds differently to the exhaust gas pressure. It can be positioned at angles and the effective flow geometry within the muffler is continuous. It can be changed accordingly. The angular position of the wing only affects the gas flow cross-section. not only changing them but also directly enabling the efficient use of resonance chambers. It determines the different angular positions of the movable flow guiding vane (10), main 25 the flow rate between the flow channel (5) and the first resonance chamber (6), between the main flow channel (5) and flow rate between the second resonance chamber (7) and the main flow channel (5) and the third resonance It can change the flow rate between the chambers (8) separately. Thus, the silencer The resonance volume effectively utilized within it depends on the engine operating conditions. It is changing, and the acoustic damping characteristic is suitable for the exhaust gas flow rate and pressure. It can be continuously adapted in this way. In order to convert the exhaust gas pressure into mechanical motion, the main flow channel (5) A connected pressure sensing chamber (13) has been created. The pressure sensing chamber (13), 8 We take the exhaust gas pressure generated in the main flow channel as the fluid pressure and say The subject is pressure effect through pressure transmission channel (14) pressure-driven motion It transmits to the piston (15). The pressure sensing chamber (13) is the inlet of the main flow channel (5). to the region, flow directing chamber (9) or mechanical exhaust gas pressure change 5 in terms of control, it is representative of another region in terms of fluid connection. It can be installed. The pressure transmission channel (14) takes the pressure from the main flow and is pressure driven. a channel that allows direct passage of exhaust gas while transmitting movement to the piston (15) or a flexible surface, diaphragm or similar mechanical interface that isolates the pressure effect It can be configured in the form of a connection that transmits through the piston (15). 10 different types that are either in direct contact with the exhaust gas or physically separated from the exhaust gas Applications can be implemented. Thus, the system uses any electronic detection. without the need for any additional element, solely from natural pressure changes of exhaust gas It performs mechanical control by utilizing [this method]. The pressure-driven piston (15) moves linearly inside the piston guide cylinder (16). It is positioned to move. Gas transmitted from the pressure sensing chamber (13) 15 As the pressure increases, the piston (15) moves forward, and when the pressure decreases, The piston is returned to its starting position by the return spring (19). This structure Thanks to this, the system provides a completely mechanical response directly to changes in engine speed. It creates a passive and self-operating control mechanism. The working relationship between the pressure-driven piston (15) and the piston guide cylinder (16) is 20 the gap, allowing exhaust gas pressure to escape uncontrollably into the external environment or other parts of the mechanism It is designed to limit escape into its compartments. With a piston if necessary. High-temperature resistant sealing elements between guide rollers, metallic. Segments, labyrinth-type passages, or similar mechanical sealing structures It can be used. Piston guide cylinder (16), soot and particle accumulation on piston 25 surface features, drainage openings, or that will reduce the obstruction of its movement It can have a cleanable structure. Pressure-driven piston (15), piston Guide cylinder (16) and associated moving elements; temperature of exhaust gas, from materials that can withstand vibration, corrosion and chemical effects It can be produced. 30 The linear motion occurring on the piston (15) is transmitted by the lever (17) This motion is converted into rotational motion via the wing drive coupling (18) The flow is transferred to the movable flow guide vane (10) via the piston (15). 9 Every linear displacement that occurs on it, moving flow direction It enables the wing (10) to reach a certain angular position. The power transmission lever The mechanical relationship between (17) and the wing drive linkage (18) is the system’s different exhaust gas will allow for gradual and controlled movement at different pressure levels It is sized in such a way that the wing (10) is prevented from changing position suddenly, 5 The motor achieves a stable motion characteristic proportional to changes in operating conditions. is being done. The propulsion lever (17) and the vane drive linkage (18) are linear to the piston (15). The articulated arm, which converts the movement of the wing carrier shaft (11) into rotational movement, is eccentric. connection, cam surface, grooved guide, connecting rod or equivalent mechanical movement 10 It can be configured in the form of a conversion mechanism. The power transmission ratio determines the piston's... between the total stroke and the angular range of movement of the movable flow guide vane (10) It is determined in a way that will create the desired relationship. Thus, with a limited piston stroke. a more precise vane with a wider wing angle or a longer piston stroke movement can be achieved. 15 The return force acting on the pressure-driven piston (15) is the return spring. (19) is formed by the return spring (19), the piston (15) only exhaust gas It enables forward movement when the pressure reaches a certain level, pressure decrease In this case, it returns the piston to its starting position in a controlled manner. In this way, a constantly stable equilibrium is maintained in the system, and the vibration of the moving elements is reduced. Irregular oscillations caused by the flow direction vane (10) are reduced and the unstable They are prevented from moving to other locations. Return spring (19), exhaust gas pressure disappearance, interruption in pressure transmission the occurrence or the mechanical drive force falling below the specified threshold value In this case, the movable flow guide vane (10) is placed in a predetermined safe position 25 It is configured to guide it to the starting position. This safety mechanism... The starting position, depending on the application, is one where acoustic damping is high. low position or exhaust gas can continue to be discharged through the main flow channel (5) The flow can be defined as a resistive position. Thus, the function in the drive mechanism... If a loss occurs, the exhaust pathway will be completely blocked and the engine will stop working for 30 minutes. This prevents the formation of excessive back pressure that could have negative effects. The operating characteristics of the return spring (19), the spring preload adjustment mechanism (20) It can be adjusted via the spring preload adjustment mechanism (20), return spring. By applying the initial compression, at what exhaust gas pressure does the piston (15) It determines that the system will start moving at this level. Thus, the system uses different motors. Easily calibrated according to volumes, exhaust flow rates, or intended uses. This is possible. A spring carrier is used to ensure stable operation of the spring in the axial direction. The bed (21) was used, and this structure prevents spring buckling, axial misalignment and irregular 5 Preventing force distribution ensures mechanical reliability during long-term operation. It increases. Maximum turning angle of the movable flow guide vane (10) Maximum opening with limiter (22), minimum working position is minimum opening limiter. (23) is determined by these limits. These limits define the mechanical working range of the wing (10) as 10 It defines and prevents mechanical stresses that may occur due to excessive rotation, and This ensures that the same geometric motion is repeated in each work cycle. Thus The system both increases its mechanical lifespan and provides predictable acoustic performance. It contributes to its preservation in this way. Maximum opening limiter (22), 15 of the movable flow guide vane (10) In order to determine the maximum working angle it can reach, the wing carrier shaft (11), The reciprocal formed on the power transmission lever (17) or the muffler main body (2) support surfaces, protrusions, pins, sockets or adjustable stop elements It can be done in this way. The minimum opening limiter (23) is 20 of the movable flow guide vane (10). Wing drive coupling for determining the starting or minimum operating position. (18), similar mechanical on the wing carrier shaft (11) or muffler main body (2) They can be configured as stopping elements. Maximum opening limiter (22) and minimum opening limiter (23) Their positions can be fixed or adjustable according to application needs. 25 It can be accomplished. With the moving flow guide vane (10) reaching different positions, the exhaust the gas flows in a controlled alternating flow through the stepped flow passage openings (24). They are directed to the pathways. Gradual flow transition openings (24) are only open or There are no closed-loop transitions; the effective flow varies depending on the angular position of the wing. 30 It forms cross-sections. Thus, a certain part of the exhaust gas flows through the main flow channel (5) As it progresses, the other part goes to the first resonance chamber (6), to the second resonance chamber (7) and the third resonance chamber (8) can be distributed in a controlled manner. This structure 11 Thanks to this, the acoustic energy within the muffler is spread across different volumes, resulting in a wider range of sound. Effective sound attenuation is achieved within the frequency range. Flow balancing chamber (25) created after the stepped flow transition openings (24), recombining exhaust gases from different flow paths in a balanced manner The flow balancing chamber (25) reduces sudden changes in gas velocity, 5 It contributes to the homogenization of the flow and before reaching the muffler outlet. It ensures the equalization of pressure distribution. Thus, both acoustic irregularities are eliminated. This reduces and prevents the formation of unwanted turbulence in the exhaust system. It is being passed. Acoustic guidance located in the flow balancing chamber (25) or in the outlet area 10 plate (26) changes the direction of exhaust gas flow in a controlled manner, thus reducing sound It causes the waves to be reflected in different directions. Acoustic directional plate (26), It not only directs the gas flow but also increases the propagation distance of sound waves. By extending the phases, it contributes to increased phase interactions, thus providing additional sound damping. This creates an effect. The geometry of the plate allows gas flow to be maintained without excessively restricting it. It is designed to ensure the controlled distribution of acoustic energy. Gas expansion chamber (27) created after acoustic guide plate (26), exhaust an intermediate volume that allows the gas to expand in a volumetrically controlled manner It is formed by the gas expansion chamber (27) to reduce the speed of the exhaust gas, sudden reducing pressure fluctuations and controlling the energy density of sound waves 20 It contributes to the distribution of gas in this way. The gas expansion chamber (27) also contributes to the exhaust by reducing the flow velocity caused by the expansion of the gas, it reduces the flow rate of subsequent flow elements. It also contributes to balancing the load on it. Thus, the exhaust gas muffler Before reaching its outlet, both acoustic energy and flow energy become more balanced. The volume and geometric structure of the gas expansion chamber (27) are brought in. First resonance 25 room (6), second resonance room (7) and third resonance room (8) will work in coordination with By determining this, balanced acoustic performance is achieved in different engine operating regimes. The aim is to achieve this. Turbulence located inside the gas expansion chamber (27) or in the outlet area regulation surface (28), to control the irregular vortex formations of exhaust gas 30 It was created for the purpose of turbulence regulation surface (28), sudden direction of gas flow. while reducing irregular turbulence regions caused by changes in flow, This ensures that the flow progresses in a regular and controlled manner. Thus, it reduces both flow resistance. 12 This prevents unnecessary increases and also reduces the effects of irregular turbulence. The formation of secondary acoustic noises is reduced. Turbulence regulation surface (28), By increasing flow stability within the silencer, the system operates more efficiently throughout its entire operating range. It contributes to the creation of a predictable flow characteristic. Turbulence regulating surface (28), movable flow guiding vane 5 by reducing flow separations (10) also contributes to limiting the irregular aerodynamic loads that may occur on it. It can provide the working motion of the flow guiding vane (10). becoming more stable, on the wing carrier shaft (11) and the drive lever (17) Potential irregular dynamic stresses can be reduced. In case of sudden increase or decrease in exhaust gas pressure during operation, 10 pressure in order to balance the force changes on the mechanical system A balancing channel (29) has been created. Pressure balancing channel (29) is pressure sensing. controlled pressure transfer between the reservoir (13) and the flow balancing chamber (25) It can perform. The pressure equalization channel (29) is also located within the system. It can also be configured to establish fluid connections with other internal volumes. 15 Thus, the movable flow guide vane (10) oscillates unnecessarily. This prevents vibrations, resulting in a more stable and vibration-free operating characteristic for the system. is winning. In order to adapt the working characteristics of the wing (10) to different engine types The wing angle adjustment mechanism (30) is used. The wing angle adjustment mechanism (30) has a movement of 20°. by adjusting the geometric relationship between the transfer lever (17) and the wing drive linkage (18) It is possible to obtain different vane rotation angles in return for the same piston movement. This makes the acoustic behavior of the muffler different for different engine sizes and different exhaust systems. mechanically optimized according to flow rates or different performance expectations This adjustment process can be carried out during the production phase or during maintenance. or can be rearranged during calibration procedures It can be configured. Wing angle adjustment mechanism (30), movable flow direction the starting position of the wing (10), the maximum working angle, the intermediate working their positions or movement characteristics in advance according to the application requirements It allows adjustment. Thus, the same mechanical sound damping system (1), 30 different engine sizes, different exhaust flow rates, and different acoustic performances It can be restructured to meet their expectations. 13 In order to be able to stop the wing movement in a controlled manner at certain intermediate positions. A stepped motion limiter (31) has been created. The stepped motion limiter (31), The movable flow guiding vane (10) is not only in the end positions but also beforehand by ensuring stable operation at specified intermediate angles, inside the silencer It allows the creation of multiple variable geometry configurations. 5 Thus, the system ceases to be merely a two-position mechanism and becomes a system that handles exhaust gases. an adaptive silencer capable of multi-stage flow management depending on the pressure It is transforming into its structure. The step-down motion limiter (31) is located on the path of the wing carrier shaft (11). This can be achieved in the form of stepped support surfaces. 10 Alternatively, a stepped motion limiter (31) can be placed on the motion transmission lever (17). This can also be implemented in the form of stepped arrester structures. In another application, a stepped motion limiter (31), wing drive linkage (18) together with the stepped slots created on it or the wing angle adjustment mechanism (30) They can be configured as working mechanical positioning elements. 15 between the first resonance chamber (6), the second resonance chamber (7) and the third resonance chamber (8) the resonance link channel (32) created, different resonance volumes with each other It enables controlled interaction. Resonance link channel (32), Under specific operating conditions, sound waves can pass from one resonance chamber to another. By allowing the transfer of acoustic energy, it optimizes the distribution of acoustic energy within the muffler. This allows different frequency components to be damped within a single volume. Instead, multiple resonant volumes work together to be effective across a wider frequency band. It provides acoustic damping. Gas passage between resonance coupling channel (32) and main flow channel (5), flow passage Flow passage is regulated via the control opening (33). Flow passage control opening (33), 25 effective flow varies depending on the position of the moving flow guide vane (10) By creating cross-sections, the precise amount of gas to be directed into the resonance chambers can be determined. This structure determines the flow distribution within the muffler solely based on pressure. not only depending on, but also depending on the variable geometry formed by the wing It can also be continuously adapted. 30 A pressure equalization valve is used to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system. (34) has been used. The pressure equalization valve (34) is located in the pressure sensing chamber (13) or controlled control of any excessive pressure increases that may occur in the relevant internal spaces. 14 limiting piston (15), power transmission lever (17), vane drive linkage (18) and excessive mechanical loads that may occur on the moving flow guide vane (10) This reduces the mechanical reliability of the system over long-term use. The lifespan of the movement mechanism is extended, and the operating characteristics are varied. This ensures that the engine maintains its stability under operating conditions. Thus, the exhaust gas level is reduced by 5. The sudden pressure surges that occur are undesirable overpressure in the mechanical drive system. This prevents the generation of accelerations and the system from entering natural mechanical resonance. It is being restricted. The pressure equalization valve (34) is located on or through the pressure equalization channel (29). It can be positioned in a fluid-connected area. The valve (34) is located at a specified pressure of 10 If the value is exceeded, a controlled transition section is created to equalize the pressure and flow. to the chamber (25), to a lower pressure section of the main flow channel (5) or to a suitable one It can enable the transfer to the balancing volume. The pressure value is redefined. If the level drops, the valve (34) reduces or closes the flow to sense the pressure. and ensures that the drive mechanism returns to its normal operating order. Valve (34), 15 spring-loaded mechanical valve, flexible diaphragm valve, ball valve, or pressure-activated valve. This can be achieved in an equivalent mechanical valve structure. The system's operating principle is based on the exhaust gas pressure when the engine is running at low speeds. because the pressure is relatively low, the pressure formed inside the pressure sensing chamber (13) pressure is limited to the pressure-driven piston (15) via the pressure transmission channel (14) 20 It applies a force. In this case, the return spring (19) starts the piston (15). holding in position and minimum opening of the movable flow guide vane (10) It remains in the initial operating position determined by its limiter (23). Thus At least part of the exhaust gas goes into the first resonance chamber (6), the second resonance chamber (7), It is directed to the third resonance chamber (8) or one of the selected ones and 25 This ensures more effective damping of low-frequency sound components. Similarly, In time, the gas expansion chamber (27) and acoustic guide plate (26) ensure low flow rate. by contributing to a balanced distribution, the muffler remains quiet at low speeds. It enables it to acquire working characteristics. As engine speed increases, exhaust gas flow rate and pressure also increase, leading to 30... The increase in force generated in the pressure sensing chamber (13) acts on the piston (15). This generates a higher axial force. The forward movement of the piston (15) Flow control via transfer lever (17) and vane drive linkage (18) is transferred to the wing (10), wing (10) by the wing angle adjustment mechanism (30) It rotates in a controlled manner according to the defined characteristics. During this process... The stepwise movement limiter (31) allows the wing to stop only at certain intermediate positions. allowing the exhaust gas to enter the first resonance chamber (6), the second resonance chamber (7) and This allows the distribution of the third resonance chamber (8) in different ratios. Thus, 5 The muffler improves both acoustic performance and engine performance under medium load and medium speed operating conditions. and an adaptive operating system that optimizes exhaust flow efficiency. It constitutes. Exhaust gas pressure is important when the engine is running at high speeds or under high load. It increases in proportion. In this case, the pressure-driven piston (15) returns to the spring 10 (19) overcoming the force and approaching the maximum working stroke and moving flow The steering wing (10) is determined by the upper maximum opening limiter (22). It reaches the working position. With the wing (10) reaching this position, the main flow The flow resistance on the channel (5) is reduced, and a larger portion of the exhaust gas is removed. Only the required amount of gas resonates when directed to the outlet pipe (4) 15 It is transmitted to their rooms. The movable flow guiding vane (10) directs the working positions. In none of them is the exhaust gas discharge path completely closed to a level that is detrimental to the engine. It is sized so as not to close. Main flow channel (5), stepped flow transition at least one discharge section through the openings (24) or flow passage control opening (33) By ensuring it remains open, the wing is protected against excessive exhaust in any operating position. The formation of pressure is limited. Thus, exhaust pressure at high engine speeds is reduced. This prevents unnecessary increases in pressure, which negatively impacts engine performance. While reducing flow losses that could affect performance, the acoustic damping effect is also preserved. When sudden changes occur in the exhaust gas flow rate during operation, the pressure changes. Balancing channel (29) and pressure balancing valve (34) in the pressure sensing system 25 by damping any sudden force changes that may occur, the piston (15) and the moving flow It prevents the steering vane (10) from vibrating or moving erratically. Thus, the system provides stable mechanics even during sudden accelerations and decelerations in engine speed. creating movement, the flow guiding geometry is continuous and controlled. This allows for change. This situation reduces fatigue in mechanical parts. 30 It also prevents the acoustic performance from being affected by sudden changes. The pressure sensing chamber (13) and the pressure transmission channel (14) work together to detect exhaust gas the controlled transmission of the pressure to the pressure-driven piston (15) 16 The pressure equalization channel (29) and the pressure equalization valve (34) provide internal pressure equalization. short-term exhaust pressure resulting from combustion cycles of an internal combustion engine rapid and repetitive movements of the impacts on the pressure-driven piston (15) It can create a mechanical pressure filtering volume that will reduce the formation of pressure. The cross-section of the pressure transmission channel (14), its length and the pressure sensing chamber (13) 5 its volume is delayed against short-duration pressure pulses; engine load and exhaust flow rate and to the permanent changes, a mechanical response of sufficient speed will be obtained. It can be determined. Resonance coupling channel (32), flow passage control opening (33), flow balancing chamber (25) and the gas expansion chamber (27) work together to create a multi-stage acoustic 10 inside the silencer. It creates a damping mechanism. The exhaust gas flows only in a linear direction. not following the path; different volumes, different depending on the engine's operating conditions The amplitude of sound waves is increased by passing them through transition openings and different resonance regions. This reduces the frequency of low, medium, and high-frequency components. As a result, these components are all integrated into the same muffler structure. It can be damped through different mechanisms and provides a broadband acoustic 15 performance is achieved. The mechanical sound damping system (1) which is the subject of the invention, operates on a purely mechanical working principle. thanks to its possession, any electronic control unit, software, sensor, electrical It uses only exhaust gas, without requiring a motor, vacuum system, or external power source. an adaptive structure that operates spontaneously by harnessing natural pressure energy 20 This feature makes the system, compared to existing fixed-geometry mufflers, more durable. It can adapt to different engine operating conditions; electronically controlled variable. Compared to exhaust systems, it is simpler, more reliable, less costly, and requires less maintenance. It offers a solution that requires fewer resources. In conclusion, the invention is a pressure-based system that directly converts exhaust gas pressure into mechanical motion. drive mechanism, variable geometry movable flow guiding vane, multiple resonance chambers, stepped flow management, and a fully passive mechanical operating principle. This allows for the simultaneous optimization of exhaust flow management and acoustic damping performance. Eden, which can automatically adapt to different engine operating conditions, and has a long lifespan. A reliable and industrially applicable innovative mechanical sound damping system 30 It constitutes. Industrial Application of the Invention: 17 The variable geometry mechanical sound damping system (1) that is the subject of the invention is the automotive exhaust Steel, stainless steel, and high-temperature steel are commonly used in the production of these systems. Existing production techniques using durable alloys or similar metallic materials It can be produced with. Muffler main body (2), exhaust gas inlet pipe (3), exhaust gas outlet pipe (4), first resonance chamber (6), second resonance chamber (7) and third resonance 5 chamber (8), flow directing chamber (9), gas expansion chamber (27) and other flow elements; pressing, deep drawing, pipe forming, laser cutting, CNC machining, welding, bending and It can be manufactured in a way suitable for mass production using assembly processes. Pressure sensing chamber (13), pressure transmission channel (14), pressure-driven piston (15), piston guide cylinder (16), drive lever (17), vane drive linkage (18), 10 return spring (19), spring preload adjustment mechanism (20), spring carrier bearing (21), wing angle adjustment mechanism (30), stepped movement limiter (31) and pressure equalization valve (34) can be produced with high precision using existing mechanical production methods and can be integrated into the silencer housing. Thus, the system can have additional electronics. 15 It can be produced. Pressure-driven piston (15), piston guide cylinder (16), return spring (19), spring preload adjustment mechanism (20), wing angle adjustment mechanism (30) and pressure equalization The valve (34) is accessible for maintenance, cleaning, calibration or part replacement purposes and It can be configured within a mechanical module that can be detached when needed. (Source 20) The module in question is welded, bolted, clamped or flanged to the muffler main body (2). They can be connected through similar connection methods. Thus, they are exposed to institutional accumulation. cleaning of remaining moving parts and replacement of worn parts throughout the muffler It is made possible to renew it without making any changes. The invention applies to passenger cars, light commercial vehicles, heavy commercial vehicles, buses, trucks, 25 Motorcycles, off-road vehicles, agricultural machinery, construction equipment, generators, stationary power in the exhaust systems of units and similar systems using internal combustion engines It can be implemented directly. The system will be integrated into newly manufactured exhaust mufflers. as is possible, provided that appropriate dimensional adjustments are made to the existing muffler They can also be adapted to their systems. 30 Because the invention operates on a purely mechanical principle, any electronic control unit (ECU), sensor, software, electric motor, servo actuator, vacuum The system does not require a pneumatic drive system or a hydraulic control system; production 18 reducing costs, simplifying assembly processes, and minimizing maintenance needs It contributes to lowering the voltage and ensuring reliable operation over a long period of time. The same Over time, the system uses adaptive technology to convert exhaust gas pressure directly into mechanical motion. Thanks to its working structure, it allows for variable flow geometry under different engine operating conditions. It can generate acoustic performance and exhaust flow efficiency together spontaneously. 5 It can improve. For these reasons, the invention requires additional production infrastructure in existing exhaust muffler production lines. Suitable for mass production without requiring additional materials, for different vehicle platforms. feasible, highly manufacturable on an industrial scale, economical, reliable and long-lasting. As a long-lasting, variable-geometry mechanical sound damping system, it has been used in industry for 10 years. It is available for use.
Claims
19 REQUESTS 1. The acoustic noise generated by exhaust gases from internal combustion engines. used to reduce exhaust gases, exhaust gas inlet pipe (3) and exhaust gas outlet a muffler main body (2) through which the flow is realized between the pipe (4) mechanical sound damping system (1) and its feature is; muffler main body (2) 5 the main flow channel (5) through which the exhaust gas flows, the main flow channel in question (9) of a flow redirection chamber connected with (5), flow redirection chamber (9) located inside, the wing support shaft (11) and wing support shaft bearing (12) a movable flow guiding vane (10) that can move on the main The first resonance chamber (6) connected to the flow channel (5), the second resonance chamber 10 (7) and the exhaust gas pressure in the main flow channel (5) of the third resonance chamber (8). a pressure sensing chamber (13) that senses the pressure, the pressure transmission channel (14) transmits pressure-driven motion to the piston (15) via a pressure drive. the arrangement of the pressure-driven piston (15), piston guide cylinder (16) its linear motion within and the linear motion in question is motion 15 Moving flow via transfer lever (17) and wing drive linkage (18) a mechanical motion transmission that enables the transmission to the steering wing (10) exhaust gas mechanism and movable flow guiding vane (10) a return that returns to its starting position depending on the change in pressure The presence of the spring (19) means that the exhaust gas pressure is not controlled by any electronic control 20 unit, sensor, electric motor, servo actuator, pneumatic or hydraulic drive Moving flow converted directly into mechanical motion without the use of a system Automatic change of position of the steering vane (10) and thus exhaust gas main flow channel (5) and first resonance chamber (6), second resonance chamber The flow between (7) and the third resonance chamber (8) is 25 to the motor operating conditions. It is characterized by its spontaneous regulation depending on the situation.
2. According to claim 1, the mechanical sound damping system (1) has the characteristic of; the return spring (19) preload value can be adjusted via the spring preload adjustment mechanism (20). and the spring preload adjustment mechanism (20) spring carrier bearing (21) working together with the moving flow guide vane (10) different exhaust gas 30 It is characterized by its ability to move to different positions under varying pressures.
3. Mechanical sound damping system (1) according to claim 1 or 2, and its feature is; movable Maximum opening limits of movement of the flow guide vane (10) mechanically with limiter (22) and minimum opening limiter (23) It is characterized by its determination.
4. Mechanical sound damping system (1) according to any of claims 1 to 3, feature; movable flow guide inside the flow guide chamber (9) flow balancing to regulate the flow distribution created by the wing (10) 5 It is characterized by having a wing (24).
5. According to claim 4, the mechanical sound damping system (1) has the feature of flow equalization. with the wing (24) attached to the balancing wing carrier arm (25) It is characterized by...
6. According to claim 5, the mechanical sound damping system (1) has the following features: balancing vane 10 The carrier arm (25) rotates around the balancing wing joint (26) to flow It is characterized by allowing the stabilizing wing (24) to change position. is being done.
7. Mechanical sound damping system (1) according to any of claims 1 to 6, Its feature is to reduce the turbulence of the flow inside the muffler main body (2) 15 It is characterized by including the flow regulation curtain (27).
8. According to claim 7, the mechanical sound damping system (1) has the feature of flow regulation. to the main body of the silencer (2) with the curtain (27), curtain carrier connection (28) It is characterized by its connection.
9. Mechanical sound damping system (1) according to any of claims 1 to 8, 20 Its feature is that the resonance chambers (6, 7, 8) are located inside the main body (2) of the silencer. It is characterized by containing an acoustic coupling channel (29) which provides acoustic passage. is being done.
10. According to claim 9, the mechanical sound damping system (1) has the feature of acoustic connection. The effective flow cross-section of the channel (29) is adjusted via the acoustic transition element (30) 25 It is characterized by its adjustability.
11. Mechanical sound damping system (1) according to any of claims 1 to 10, Feature; body support located on the muffler main body (2) It is characterized by containing supplement (31).
12. According to claim 11, the mechanical sound damping system (1) has the following features: body support 30 its reinforcement (31) is connected to the main body of the silencer (2) via the connecting foot (32) It is characterized by being fixed in place. 21 13. Mechanical sound damping system (1) according to any of claims 1 to 12, Feature; shock absorbing element (33) inside the muffler main body (2) It is characterized by its inclusion.
14. According to claim 13, the mechanical sound damping system (1) has the characteristic of impact. movable damping element (33) together with mechanical stop block (34) mechanically limiting the end positions of the flow guiding vane (10) It is characterized by...