SOLAR-POWERED OPTICAL LENS LIGHT CONCENTRATION SYSTEM FOR MELTING AND CASTING HIGH MELTING POINT METALS OR ALLOYS.

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar furnace with an optical lens and a metallurgical processing system that enables the melting and casting of metals and alloys using concentrated solar energy, and its features include: at least one optical lens (2) positioned to concentrate the sun's rays (1) in a focal area (3) and direct the rays from top to bottom; a furnace (4) positioned under the said optical lens (2) and in the focal area (3); crucible insulation (5) to reduce heat losses in the furnace (4); a melting crucible (6) located inside the furnace (4) which enables the melting of the metal or alloy with concentrated solar radiation; a furnace movement lever (7) which enables the movement of the furnace (4) and / or the melting crucible (6) to transfer the melt in the melting crucible (6) into a casting mold; and a DC motor-driven movement lever (8) which enables the east-west movement of the system.The system consists of a DC motor-driven moving arm (9) that enables the north-south movement of the system, support materials (10) that carry the furnace (4) and the moving system components, a lower axis carrier (11) that is rotatically connected to the support materials (10), and an upper axis carrier (12) that provides support for the optical lens (2).

Description

1 TARIFF METALS OR ALLOYS WITH HIGH MELTING POINTS ARE MELTED. EQUIPPED WITH A SOLAR-POWERED OPTICAL LENS TO ENABLE CASTING. RADIATION CONCENTRATION SYSTEM 5 Technological Field: The invention enables the melting of metals and alloys using concentrated solar energy and optical lens solar furnace and metallurgical process enabling casting 10 It is related to the system. State of the Art: The required 15 in existing furnace systems used for melting metals and alloys. High temperatures are mostly used for electrical energy, coal, natural gas or petroleum derivatives. It is obtained using fuels, especially those with high melting points. Processing metals consumes a significant amount of energy, and the melting temperature... It needs to be protected throughout the process. This applies to metal melting and casting. increasing the operating costs of these processes; and in systems using fossil fuels, combustion 20 Environmental impacts occur due to the emissions produced as a result. The sun its energy is first converted into electrical energy in an electric melting furnace Its use is also more difficult due to energy conversion stages and associated losses. It requires a complex system. Known methods for obtaining high temperatures using concentrated solar energy In applications, solar rays are concentrated using parabolic dishes, mirrors, or lenses. It is directed to a target area through elements. However, metal In melting applications, it is not enough to simply reach a high temperature, concentrated rays strike the metal inside the crucible for 30 minutes during the melting process. It needs to be adjusted. The sun's position changes throughout the day. the focal point of the concentrator moves away from the crucible and the thermal power transferred to the crucible 2 This can lead to a decrease. Therefore, the condensing element and the furnace and melting Maintaining the focal relationship between the crucible, the east-west and north-south orientation of the system Being able to track the sun in different directions and limiting heat loss is a technical necessity. It constitutes. Furthermore, the process of removing the molten metal from the crucible and transporting it to a separate casting setup is highly efficient. heat loss during the transfer of the melt at high temperature, prolongation of processing time, and This can lead to a decrease in workplace safety. Intensified sunlight. delivering the molten metal to the crucible from the appropriate direction, keeping the crucible in a balanced melting position, and After the melting process is complete, the molten material is transferred into a mold in a controlled manner. 10 This is necessary. Accordingly, the sun's rays are directed directly into the crescent moon. the focal position is maintained during solar tracking and melting and casting processes a need for an integrated system that can be implemented on the same mechanical system It is located. Document number WO2023229339A1 describes a reactor located inside an open-topped reactor. A setup for melting metal using solar energy is described. The setup consists of a solar absorption plate containing carbon nanotubes on a metal base. The sun's rays, concentrated by the lens unit, are placed on the plate in question. is transmitted and protective gas is supplied into the reactor. However, 20 The document shows that the focal area of ​​the lens changes twofold depending on the movement of the sun throughout the day. held in the melting crucible by an axial movement system and the molten metal transferring directly into a casting mold with the help of a moving furnace or crucible It does not offer a solution to their problems. Document number KR102361493B1, obtained from concentrated solar radiation. A particle-based solar heat exchanger that enables heat absorption through solid particles. It relates to the absorption device. The document describes a light-transmitting device with a hollowed-out interior. the movement of solid particles by gas inside an enclosure with a window and It is anticipated that the gas heated by the particles will be expelled. However, the word 30 The subject document concerns an insulated container for metals or alloys with high melting points. direct melting in the melting crucible, preserving the focal area on the crucible. 3 and the needs of transferring the resulting melt to the casting mold via the same system. It is not directed towards that. Document EP2944894B1 describes a source of energy coming from a moving part of the body, such as the sun. By tracking electromagnetic rays, 5 points are observed at a focal point held fixed relative to the ground. A method and mechanism for concentrating the concentration are described. For this purpose... reflective or refractive intensifying element, focal point at the center of global motion. It is moved in such a way that it remains in place and the receiver at the fixed focal point melts the metal. It is stated that it can be used in various applications. However, the document... The special design of the insulated furnace and melting pot, which is at the focal point, 10 concentrated beams of light are directed into the crucible from above, and the molten metal is then... The integrated system allows for controlled transfer of the casting to the mold via a furnace movement lever. It does not offer a melting and casting system. Description of the invention: 15 The primary purpose of the invention is to achieve the high temperature required for melting metals or alloys. obtaining it directly from solar energy, a renewable energy source The aim is to provide this. In this context, sunlight is focused into the focal area through the optical lens. is concentrated and the resulting thermal energy is directly transferred to the melting pot. is transferred to the material. Thus, solar energy is first converted into electrical energy. It can be used in metal melting processes without needing to be converted. is provided. Thanks to the invention, 25 vehicles can operate on electricity or on coal and petroleum-based fuels. An alternative structure to traditional melting systems is obtained. The operation of the system. reducing the need for fossil fuel use during this period, and saving on fuel consumption. contributing to limiting the resulting operating costs and environmental impacts. This system provides benefits, especially in regions with high sunshine duration. Its operation with renewable energy sources makes metal melting and casting processes even more efficient. It allows it to be carried out in an economical way. 4 Positioning the optical lens above the melting pot and concentrated solar radiation. The rays are directed from top to bottom, the rays hit the metal inside the crucible or allows direct contact with the alloy. This arrangement ensures that the melting pot to be kept in a stable working position and the molten material inside the crucible It helps to reduce the risk of leakage during the melting process. 5 Leaving the top of the melting pot open to radiation also concentrated the effect. sunlight passes through the material without an additional energy transfer element. It enables transmission. The crucible insulation surrounding the furnace absorbs the heat generated during the melting process. By reducing losses, it contributes to more efficient use of the thermal energy obtained. It provides a high-temperature resistant zirconia-based melting pot. The fact that it is made of this material ensures that the system can operate safely at high operating temperatures. this allows for its use and increases the durability of the melting medium. It provides. 15 Thanks to the two-axis solar tracking mechanism in the invention, the optical lens follows the sun. It can be moved according to its position throughout the day. In the east-west direction. DC motor-driven arm and north-south oriented DC motor-driven arm, sun the rays reach the lens surface at the appropriate angle and the focal area is melting pot 20 This structure ensures that the sun is contained within. Compared to fixed-position systems, this structure allows for better solar protection. benefiting from the sun's rays for longer periods and more regularly throughout the day It is helpful. After the melting process is complete, the molten material moves through the furnace lever 25 The ability to transfer the melted material into a casting mold allows the melting and casting processes to be carried out simultaneously. This enables the process to be carried out on the system. In this way, the molten metal is separated. The casting process can be carried out without the need to transfer it to a conveyor system, and heat losses that may occur during the transport of high-temperature melt during the process The difficulties can be reduced. 30 The system includes optical lenses, a furnace, a melting pot, motion mechanisms, and support materials. It can be produced in different sizes, and its usage capacity can be adjusted according to need. This allows for the enhancement of optical lenses with larger surface areas. use or operation of multiple systems with the same structure Applications for melting different quantities of metals and alloys thanks to this 5 It can be improved. The invention also allows for the reuse of recyclable metal parts using solar energy. This allows for the melting of metal that is considered waste or scrap. The reuse of materials is supported, metal recycling 10 reducing the need for traditional energy sources used in processes and contributes to reducing the carbon footprint. Explaining the Figures: The invention will be described by referring to the attached figures, so that the features of the invention can be explained. It will be understood and appreciated more clearly, but the purpose of this invention is this obvious It is not about limiting it with regulations. On the contrary, the invention is defined by the accompanying claims. all alternatives, modifications, and options that could be included within the defined area The aim is to cover their equivalences. The details shown are only for 20 of the present invention. It is shown to illustrate the preferred arrangements and both the methods shaping, as well as the most useful and conceptual features of the invention's rules and principles It should be understood that these drawings are presented to provide an easily understandable definition. In these drawings; Figure 1 shows a general view of the system that is the subject of the invention. 25 Figure 2 shows an alternative view of the system that is the subject of the invention. Illustrations that will help understand this invention are shown in the attached image. They are numbered and their names are given below. Explanation of References: 6 1. Sunlight 2. Optical lens 3. Focus point 4. Oven 5. Hoop insulation 5 6. Melting pot 7. Oven movement lever 8. East-west oriented DC motor-driven arm. 9. North-south oriented DC motor-driven arm. 10. System support materials 10 11. Lower axis carrier 12. Upper axis carrier Detailed Description of the Invention: The terminology used here is intended solely to describe specific applications. and does not limit the scope of the invention. Used here The term "and / or" refers to any one or more of the items listed as related. It includes one and all combinations thereof. Also, the singular "one" used here, "one" The terms "number" and "specified" are used in their plural forms unless the context explicitly indicates otherwise. It is designed to include singular forms such as those mentioned above. Furthermore, the terms used in this specification... The terms "includes" and / or "contains" refer to the specified features, steps, processes, It indicates the presence of elements and / or components, but one or more other features, steps, processes, elements, components and / or groups thereof It will be understood that it does not exclude its existence or addition. 25 Unless otherwise noted, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms), in the sense that a person with general knowledge in the field to which this invention belongs would generally understand it They have the same meaning. Furthermore, as defined in commonly used dictionaries... 30 The terms will have a meaning consistent with the context of the relevant field and this statement. it should be interpreted as idealized unless otherwise explicitly defined here. or it will be understood that it will not be interpreted in an overly formal sense. 7 The description of the invention will reveal a series of techniques and steps involved. These are: Each of them provides benefits individually, and at the same time, one or more of them can be used together. In some cases, all of the other techniques described may be used in combination. Accordingly, To ensure clarity, each step in the disclosure of the invention should be presented as 5 steps if possible. By doing this, unnecessary repetition of all combinations will be avoided. Together, the specification and claims, such combinations fully constitute an invention and claims. It should be read with the understanding that it falls within its scope. The invention involves the use of metals or alloys with high melting points in concentrated solar radiation. melting the material using its energy and pouring the molten material into a mold It relates to a light concentration system equipped with an optical lens, which provides this functionality. Thanks to the invention... Sunlight is directly converted into thermal power, and electrical energy is produced from coal or Metal smelting can be performed without using petroleum-based fuels. The system in question generally uses solar rays (1), solar rays in a specific region at least one optical lens (2) that concentrates, the focal point or focal area (3) of the optical lens (2), A furnace (4) located in the focal area (3), heat losses occurring in the furnace reducing crucible insulation (5), a melting crucible (6) located inside the furnace (4), melted A furnace lever (7) that enables the pouring of metal, moves in the east-west direction 20 DC motor-driven arm (8) that provides movement in the north-south direction. motorized movement arm (9), system support materials (10), lower axis carrier (11) and upper It consists of axis carriers (12). The optical lens (2) allows a high degree of transmission of the sun's rays (1) and 25 to the lens surface. It is structured in such a way as to ensure that the incoming rays are combined in the focal area (3). Optical lens (2) directs the sun's rays as perpendicularly as possible to the lens surface. It is positioned on a support structure that will allow it to reach the optical lens (2). focal length and position of the furnace (4) the concentrated rays melting crucible (6) It is determined in such a way as to direct it inside. 30 8 Optical lens (2) circular, square, rectangular (Figure 2) or a lens that focuses rays at a specific focal area. (3) It can be formed in a different geometric structure that can enable its concentration. During the metal melting process, the molten material inside the melting pot (6) To prevent the sun's rays from falling outwards, they should be directed from top to bottom. It is preferred to direct the optical lens (2), the furnace (4) and the melting 5. It is located on top of the pot (6). The oven (4) is the focal point where the sun rays are concentrated by the optical lens (2). It is located in the area (3). The crucible insulation (5) is located around the furnace (4), maintaining the high temperature generated during the melting process and minimizing the impact on the environment. It ensures the reduction of heat losses. The upper part of the furnace (4) is condensed It is left open so that the sun's rays can reach the melting pot (6). Melting pot (6), concentrated sunlight directly inside the pot 15 placed inside the furnace (4) in such a way as to allow it to reach the metal or alloy. The melting pot (6) is made of a material that can withstand high temperatures. It occurs. In a preferred application of the invention, the melting crucible (6), from a zirconia-based material with high operating temperature and thermal resistance It is produced. The convergence of the sun's rays (1) through the optical lens (2) at the focal area (3) As a result, a high-density thermal power is obtained. The obtained thermal power, It raises the temperature of the metal or alloy in the melting pot (6). The metal or alloy is subjected to concentrated solar radiation until it reaches its melting point. exposed to the rays and thus melted in the melting pot (6) 25 is being brought in. The system described in the invention is capable of tracking the sun's position changes throughout the day. It has a biaxial solar tracking mechanism for this purpose. The solar tracking mechanism in question... The mechanism is a DC motor-driven lever (8) that provides movement in the east-west direction, 30 It includes a DC motor-driven lever (9) that provides movement in the north-south direction. 9 The moving arms (8, 9) move according to data received from at least one sensor that detects the sun. It is operated by the control unit. The DC motor-driven moving arm (8) that provides east-west movement, the sun's day Depending on its east-west movement within it, the system rotates 5 degrees around the relevant axis. It enables movement. DC provides movement in the north-south direction. The motorized movement arm (9) depends on the seasonal or daily position of the sun. This ensures the system is positioned in a north-south direction. The system's support materials (10), oven (4), optical lens (2), motion mechanisms and 10 It forms a body structure that will support the load-bearing axes. Support materials (10), It provides bearing for the lower axis carrier (11) and the lower axis carrier (11) has a ball bearing or It is connected via a similar rotary joint. The lower axis carrier (11) is connected to the support materials (10) and is 15 on the system. It enables the parts to be moved along the relevant axis of rotation. Upper axis The carrier (12) is driven by a DC motor-driven lever (9) that provides movement in the north-south direction. It is connected and provides support to the optical lens (2). Thus, the optical lens (2) is exposed to the sun. The angle can be adjusted accordingly and the focal area of ​​the concentrated solar rays (3) It can be kept inside the melting pot (6). 20 During the operation of the solar tracking mechanism, the optical lens (2) and the oven (4) their positions relative to each other, the focal area of ​​the lens (3) inside the melting pot (6) It is protected in a way that ensures it stays put. This allows the sun to change its color throughout the day. Even when it passes to the position, the concentrated rays melt the metal in the crucible (6) or 25 The focus continues on the alloy. After the melting process is completed, the melting pot (6) contains The molten material is poured into a casting mold prepared using the furnace movement lever (7). It is transferred. The furnace movement lever (7) moves the furnace (4) or the melting inside the furnace 30 the controlled tilting of the pot (6) and the molten material into the casting mold It ensures the casting process is completed. After the casting process is finished, the furnace (4) It can be brought back to a state of remelting. In one application of the invention, the solar tracking mechanism is operated continuously and The position of the optical lens (2) relative to the sun's rays is adjusted throughout the day. Short term 5 or in applications where a small amount of metal will be melted, the furnace (4) for a certain period of time It can be kept in a fixed position. In this application, the position of the optical lens (2) is the process. the concentration of the sun's rays in the focal area (3) during the time interval in which it will be carried out It is pre-set to provide this. The thermal power to be obtained from the system depends on the surface area of ​​the optical lens (2), the solar radiation value, the lens's light transmittance, light concentration ratio, focusing accuracy, and This varies depending on heat losses in the furnace. Larger quantities of metal or The surface area of ​​the optical lens (2) can be increased in order to melt the alloy, suddenly Multiple optical lenses can be used, or multiple melting systems with the same structure can be used. 15 They can be operated together. The thickness and material structure of the crucible insulation (5) are determined according to the operating temperature of the furnace (4). This can be determined. Reducing heat losses allows the melting process to be completed in a shorter time. the implementation and more efficient utilization of thermal power obtained from solar radiation 20 It enables its use. The system described in the invention can be made from cast iron, carbon steel, and materials that are melted and reused. It can be used in the processing of metal parts suitable for evaluation. With this... The system, together with other metals and alloys, can melt 25 different metals and alloys, provided that the melting temperature is reached. It can be produced in sizes and capacities suitable for melting. Thanks to this invention, sunlight is first converted into electrical energy before being directly applied to metal. It is used in the melting process. Thus, electric or fossil fuel melting 30 An alternative structure is being obtained to the systems, especially in areas with high sunshine duration. 11 metal melting and casting processes in the regions using renewable energy This is ensured. 10 20 30

Claims

12 REQUESTS 1- The invention relates to the concentrated solar energy of metals or alloys with high melting points. melting using energy and casting the molten metal or alloy It is a light concentration system that enables this, and its feature is; 5  by passing through the sun's rays (1) and concentrating them in a focal area (3) and the rays positioned to allow it to be directed from top to bottom at least one optical lens (2),  a positioned under the optical lens (2) and in the focal field (3) oven (4), 10  crucible insulation (5) which reduces heat losses in the furnace (4),  located inside the furnace (4) and metal or with concentrated sunlight a melting pot that enables the melting of the alloy (6),  In order to transfer the molten material in the melting pot (6) into a casting mold a furnace that enables the movement of the furnace (4) and / or the melting pot (6) 15 The lever arm (7) is a DC motor that enables the east-west movement of the system. movement arm (8),  DC motor-driven arm that enables the north-south movement of the system. (9),  Support materials (10) carrying the oven (4) and movable system components, 20  a lower axis carrier (11) which is rotatically connected to the support materials (10) and It includes an upper axis carrier (12) that provides support to the optical lens (2). 2- The radiation concentration system mentioned in Claim 1 is characterized by the melting pot (6) positioned on it and concentrated sunlight into the melting pot (6) 25 It is characterized by having an optical lens (2) directed from top to bottom. is being done. 3- This is the light concentration system mentioned in any of the previous requests, its feature is characterized by the optical lens (2) being square or rectangular in shape 30 is being done. 13 4- This is the light concentration system mentioned in any of the previous requests, Its feature is that the optical lens (2) has a light transmittance of 95 to 97 percent. It is characterized by... 5- This is the light concentration system mentioned in any of the previous requests, 5 Its feature is characterized by the optical lens (2) having a concentration ratio of at least 500. is being done. 6- This is the light concentration system mentioned in any of the previous requests, Its feature is that the melting pot (6) is made of zirconia-based material. It is characterized by... 7- This is the light concentration system mentioned in any of the previous requests, Its feature is that the crucible insulation (5) surrounds the side and bottom sections of the melting crucible (6). and the upper part of the melting pot (6) is open for the entry of concentrated sunlight 15 It is characterized by its being. 8- This is the light concentration system mentioned in any of the previous requests, Its feature is the east-west directional DC motor-driven arm (8) and the north-south directional The DC motor-driven arm (9) in the direction of sensing the position of the sun's rays has at least 20 a sensor and the arms (8, 9) that operate according to the data received from that sensor It is characterized by being connected to a control unit. 30

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