REINFORCED IMPERMEABLE TRANSPARENT LAMINAR FLOORING CONTAINER

Abstract

The invention relates to a reinforced, impermeable, transparent laminar soil container in the field of geotechnical seismic engineering, through which model experiments on soils and above-ground structures under seismic motion can be carried out.

Description

1 TARIFF REINFORCED IMPERMEABLE TRANSPARENT LAMINAR FLOORING CONTAINER Technical Field to Which the Invention Relates The invention relates to the study of soils and above-ground structures in the field of geotechnical earthquake engineering. A reinforced 5-inch structure where model experiments can be conducted under seismic activity. This relates to impermeable, transparent laminar floor containers. State of the Art In geotechnical engineering, earthquake effects, soil behavior, and soil-structure relationships are studied. a shaking table so that the interaction can be studied in a laboratory environment Experiments are used to simulate real field conditions in laboratory settings. ground containers in which the test specimen is placed so that it can be represented in its environment These containers are used to protect the ground during experiments. to maintain its mass and reduce boundary effects, thereby influencing the dynamic behavior of the soil. to enable examination. Traditional ground containers used in the known state of the art are mostly rigid 15 and are manufactured from opaque materials. In such systems, the container It is not possible to directly observe the behavior of the ground inside, also Impermeable membrane for preparing water-saturated soil samples. Its use is needed. One of the commonly used structures among ground containers is laminar 20. They are container systems. In laminar containers, relative movement occurs between the laminates. Different mechanisms are used to ensure this. Roller bearing In these mechanisms, movement between the laminates is provided via bearings, systems that characterize the dynamic loads transferred to the ground under specific operating conditions It can have an effect. In simple shear beam systems, laminates 25 It is joined with flexible connecting elements, and this structure has a free space on the ground. It cannot fully represent the movement behavior under those conditions. In the impermeable transparent laminar floor container developed within this scope, laminate The frames are made of plexiglass beams, and these beams are corner beams. The containers are joined together at different points with screw connections. The container structure is 30 degrees relative to each other. 2 movable laminar layers and the movement positioned between them It consists of various mechanisms. However, corner joints of laminar frames under repeated dynamic loading The loads generated in these regions are transferred to the plexiglass elements via screw connections. Due to the transfer of stress, stress concentrations occur in these regions. corner junctions can occur, especially after a high number of experimental cycles. fatigue-induced deformations, crack formation, and structural rigidity in these regions. Losses may occur. This situation extends the lifespan of the container. can limit and structural integrity under long-term use conditions. This makes it difficult to protect. 10 In conclusion, the study focuses on investigating ground behavior in the known state of the art. Various container systems exist. However, under repetitive dynamic loading... to reduce stress concentrations occurring in corner connection areas, increasing structural strength and long-term performance of the container There is no solution to improve it. 15 Brief Description and Objectives of the Invention The main purpose of the invention is to create improved impermeable transparent laminar floor containers. especially in corner joint areas as a result of prolonged and repeated use the resulting deformation, fatigue and associated structural strength loss The aim is to offer an improved container structure that reduces corner areas by 20. By reducing the resulting stress concentrations and local deformations, the container's structural integrity is improved. preserving its integrity, increasing its service life, and in a greater number of experiments. It is ensured that it can be used reliably. Another purpose of the invention is to provide local reinforcement at corner junction areas. The aim is to improve load transfer and reduce fatigue-related damage. This 25 In this way, the mechanical strength of the system is increased, while the transparent structure improves observability and Existing advantages, such as experimental functionality, can be preserved. Another aim of the invention is to increase strength in the corner areas while maintaining the container's durability. general dynamic behavior and shear response characteristics The aim is to ensure its protection. In this way, the strengthening application improves the experimental performance by 30. This can be done without negatively impacting anyone. 3 Explanation of the Figures Figure 1: A three-dimensional view of the container that is the subject of the invention. Figure 2: A side view of the container, the subject of the invention, perpendicular to the direction of movement. Figure 3: A side view of the container, the subject of the invention, parallel to the direction of movement. 5 Figure 4: A top view of the container that is the subject of the invention. Figure 5: 3D representation of the external support frame located in the container that is the subject of the invention. It is the appearance. Figure 6: Proposed corner reinforcement devices and laminar flow in the container that is the subject of the invention. It is a 3D view of its location at the corner. 10 Figure 7: 3D model of the proposed corner reinforcement devices for the container subject to the invention. It is an appearance. Figure 8: Base plate and drainage system of the container that is the subject of the invention. It is a three-dimensional view. Figure 9: The vertical support bearing between the laminates in the container that is the subject of the invention, 15 flexible connector between laminates and lateral support bearing on the outer frame This is a 3D detailed view. Figure 10: The vertical support bearing between the laminates located in the container that is the subject of the invention, flexible connector between laminates and lateral support bearing on the outer frame This is a side view detail. 20 Figure 11: Lateral stop and lateral barrier between laminates in the container that is the subject of the invention. This is a detailed view of the support bearing. Explanation of References in Figures To better understand the invention, the numbers in the figures correspond to the following: Given: 25 1. External Support Framework 2. Laminar Frame 4 3. Base Plate 4. Vertical Support Bearing 5. Flexible Connector 6. Lateral Support Bearing 7. Lateral Stopper 5 8. Inner Corner Bracket 9. External Angle Bracket 10. Drainage System Detailed Description of the Invention Example arrangements can be made further by referring to the accompanying explanations below. This is described in detail. However, the regulations take different forms. It can be created and should not be interpreted as being limited to the regulations stated herein. Instead, these sample arrangements are intended to ensure that this statement is complete and comprehensive. It has been provided to ensure that it is fully communicated to experts in the field. The terminology used in this specification is intended only to describe a specific example arrangement. 15 It is not intended to be restrictive or limiting. As used here, "one" means "most". The forms "few" and "preferably" are plural forms unless the context explicitly indicates otherwise. It is also intended to include. The invention relates to the study of soils and above-ground structures in the field of geotechnical earthquake engineering. A reinforced 20-meter structure where model experiments can be conducted under seismic activity. This relates to impermeable, transparent laminar floor containers. The invention relates to a reinforced impermeable transparent floor container with external support. frame (1), located on the external support frame (1) and the soil sample laminar frame with transparent structure that allows visibility (2), external support The frame (1) is placed on the base, transferring the lateral vibration to the container and the container's 25 a base plate (3) that enables it to be fixed to the shaking table, external support frame (1) supporting the laminar frames (2) in the vertical direction, located on the vertical floor preventing changes and jamming of flexible connectors (5) and horizontal movement vertical support bearing (4) which enables between laminar frames (2) positioned to transmit the shaking motion into the container and 30 Flexible connector (5) that prevents the sample from leaking out, external support frame (1) located on, laminar frames (2) in one direction during lateral loading lateral support bearing (6), which directs them to move and prevents them from rotating, external vertical support bearing (4) and lateral support bearing (6) on the support frame (1) lateral movements of laminar frames (2) positioned on non-existent surfaces The limiting lateral stop (7) is mounted in the inner corner joint area of ​​the laminar frame (2). inner corner bracket (8) which strengthens the laminar frames (2), outer corner bracket (2) of the laminar frame (2) External reinforcement of laminar frames (2) by being mounted in the corner joint area corner bracket (9), mounted on the base plate (3) and the water in the soil sample It includes a drainage system (10) that allows the sample to be easily removed. The drainage system (10) is mounted on the base plate (3) and the base plate (3) is connected to a 10 It is in its entirety. In one application of the invention, the laminar frame (2) consists of multiple frames, preferably 16. The frame is formed by being together. Laminar frames (2) laminated It is made of material. Laminar frame (2) multiple frames together It forms the mechanism of the musculoskeletal system. 15 The invention aims to provide independent support for lateral and vertical support elements. The external support frame used also mounts the sample preparation system and It is used to fix sensor installations. Laminar frame (2), external support It is located within the frame (1). Due to its transparent structure, the ground This allows the sample to be seen and provides a better understanding of the elastic properties of the soil. Due to its proximity, it better represents free-field movement. The base plate (3) and drainage system (10) are placed on the base of the external support frame (1). The base plate (3) transmits lateral vibration to the container and prevents the container from shaking. It ensures that it is fixed to the table. Drainage system (10) laminar frame (2) 25 The vertical support bearing (4) is located on the outer support frame (1). It receives. The vertical support bearing (4) supports its laminar frame (2) in the vertical direction. supporting the vertical displacements and compression of the flexible coupling (5) prevents and also allows horizontal movement of the laminar frame (2). It provides. Flexible connector (5) between laminar frames (2) 30 It is positioned. The flexible connector (5) prevents the shaking motion inside the container. It enables the transfer to higher ground levels and at the same time 6 It prevents the sample inside the container from leaking out. Lateral support The bearing (6) is located on the outer support frame (1). During lateral loading laminar frames (2) are forced to move in one direction and the laminar It prevents the frames (2) from rotating. Lateral stopper (7), external support frame (1) on which the vertical support bearing (4) and lateral support bearing (6) 5 It is positioned on surfaces that are not present. The lateral stopper (7) prevents the shaking motion. during application control of possible excessive lateral movements of laminar frames (2) It is used for the purpose of making the inner corner bracket (8) and the outer corner bracket (9) laminar. so that the frames (2) can provide more durable and long-lasting performance These are devices positioned on the inside and outside corners of the beams that form the frames. 10 In the container which is the subject of the invention, the laminar frame (2) is made of plexiglas material. This material makes the soil sample visible inside the container. is provided. Flexible connector (5) is used between laminar frames (2) and movement It enables the transfer of laminate 15 to higher ground levels within the container. uncontrolled with vertical support bearing (4) and lateral support bearing (4) of the frames (2). by restricting its movement, it returns to the original position when the dynamic movement is complete. It prevents the water in the sample from leaking out of the container. Flexible binder (5) material is elastic and has 100% stretch capacity. External support framework (1), the container subject to the invention, sample preparation system 20 It is used for mounting and securing sensor installations. In the invention, the inner corner bracket (8) placed in the corner joint areas of the laminated frames (2) and external corner brackets (9), mechanical strength of the said connection areas Angle brackets (8, 9) increase the stresses occurring in the corner regions. By distributing the stresses over a wide area, it reduces stress concentrations. Also 25 corner brackets (8, 9) in corner joint regions during dynamic loading. limiting potential local deformations and the geometric properties of the connection points. It contributes to the preservation of its integrity. The inner and outer corner brackets (8, 9) together The use of laminated frame (2) ensures more balanced load transfer between the elements. This ensures that it is carried out in this way and prevents 30 that may occur as a result of repeated loading. It increases structural resistance to fatigue effects. Internal and external corner brackets (8, 9), corner 7 opening, separation and shape changes that may occur in the connection areas extending the service life of laminated frames by helping to reduce their wear and tear. The inner and outer corner brackets (8, 9) secure the entire laminated frame (2). It has a limited geometry that does not cover. The inner and outer corner brackets (8, 9) are laminar. The fasteners are preferably attached to the frame with screws. 5 The experimental setup described in this invention is fixed on a shaking table and subjected to earthquake simulation. the movements or any dynamic movement of the ground in the actual field environment It allows for the simulation of behavior that is closest to the actual situation. Shaking table For the experiment to be carried out on it, the base plate attached to the external support frame (1) (3) and the laminar container are fixed to the shaking table. Sand spreading 10 Using this mechanism, the intended soil sample is placed inside the container. is being prepared. Before the soil sample is placed inside the container, the outside The desired structural elements and beam elements fixed to the support frame (1) Additionally, sensors are attached inside the container. The cross on the container... After the structural elements are fixed to the beams, sand 15 is poured onto the outer support frame (1). By installing a spreading mechanism, the desired layer thicknesses are applied inside the container. Sand is being placed. After the container is filled to the desired depth, sand is sprinkled. The mechanism is being removed and the setup is ready to be tested on the shaking table. It becomes a dynamic motion. Dynamic movement is applied to the shaking table, and a fixed 20 mm rod is attached to the table. The container bottom laminate moves with the same displacement. Inside the container The ground transmits the movement from the bottom of the container to the upper layers. The ground In structural elements placed on or within, the applied movement is transmitted to the ground. The displacements and accelerations caused by the transfer of energy within it are measured. Laminar Accelerometer and LVDT sensors and stress 25 that can be placed inside the container These meters record this data digitally. During testing, transparent (clear) laminates allow the soil sample inside the container to seep through. It provides the opportunity to observe its performance. On the external support frame (1) The vertical support bearings (4) and lateral support bearings (6) located on the ground Depending on its performance, the laminates can be independent of each other and only in one direction 30 It enables movement. Flexible connector (5) material, to the container wall It limits the lateral displacement of the supporting soil material. Also, lateral displacement... 8 stoppers (7) prevent excessive lateral displacement of the laminates and the floor inside the container. It is limited by this. Thus, the invention, whose design detail is given, is subject to dynamic seismic loading. testing the free-field ground behavior in the field in a laboratory environment This provides the opportunity. With this experimental method, not only soil behavior but also soil-structure analysis can be studied. Interaction problems are simulated in the laboratory under different loadings. 5 The behavior of the components can be observed. Experiment with inner corner bracket (8) and outer corner bracket (9) apparatus in laminated frames by making the mechanism more resistant to dynamic movements This allows for a much longer lifespan for use in laboratories. The invention relates to long-term and repeated 10-hour use in impermeable transparent laminar floor containers. Deformation that may occur in corner joint areas under usage conditions, It aims to reduce fatigue and the resulting loss of structural strength. Mechanical strength of corner joint areas with the design developed within the scope By increasing the structural integrity of the container, structural weakenings are prevented. 15 is provided. The invention includes internal and external corner brackets (8, 9) placed in the corner joint areas. thanks to this, deformation and fatigue that may occur in the regions in question By reducing the effects, the structural strength of the container is increased. Thus, the container's Its structural integrity is ensured to be maintained throughout repeated dynamic experiments, 20 The service life is extended and the need for maintenance and repair is reduced. Furthermore... Thanks to the additional strength provided by the corner brackets, impermeable transparent laminar the existing features of the container such as transparency, observability and experimental workability A more reliable structure is obtained in corner joint areas while preserving the advantages. The integration of the corner brackets (8, 9) into the container structure is carried out. The system is 25 general dynamic behavior and shear during shaking table experiments without significantly changing its shear response to deformations It enables an increase in structural strength. The container in question is used in the field of geotechnical earthquake engineering for soil and ground conditions. 30 for the study of the behavior of superstructures under seismic activity. It is an experimental setup developed as a laboratory. The container in question is a laboratory apparatus. 9 It is used in dynamic model experiments conducted in a container environment. Its structure allows the soil behavior to be as much as possible within one-dimensional permeable boundary conditions. saturated and unsaturated floors by ensuring close representation. This allows 1-g shaking table experiments to be performed on the samples. It recognizes earthquakes, machine vibrations, and similar dynamic loads. The behaviors it produces within the soil are controlled under laboratory conditions. It can be examined. The transparent laminar structure of the container allows for the observation of the soil sample's behavior during the experiment. This makes direct observation possible. Thus, geotechnical engineers and researchers studied the deformations, displacements, and 10 that occurred within the soil. It is able to track the dynamic propagation of motion. In addition, the system monitors the ground-structure relationship. It can be used in studies aimed at examining the interaction of structures. engineers' interaction between the ground and the superstructure under dynamic loads It also allows for experimental evaluation. Furthermore, it allows for different soil types to be evaluated. their profiles show the propagation characteristics of earthquake waves along the ground depth and 15 Surface behavior can also be studied within the scope of seismological research. The vertical support bearing (4), lateral support bearing (6) and used within the scope of the invention Flexible coupling (5) mechanisms enable controlled movement of laminar frames. It contributes to the system's performance under dynamic loads.

Claims

REQUESTS 1. It is a reinforced impermeable transparent floor container, the feature of which is; − external support frame (1), located on the external support frame (1) and transparent structure that allows the soil sample to be seen laminar frame (2), 5 - placed on the base of the external support frame (1), lateral vibration transferring the contents to the container and securing the container to the shaking table a base plate (3), − vertical support of laminar frames (2) vertically, vertical ground preventing them from changing and jamming of flexible connectors (5) and 10 vertical support bearing (4) which allows horizontal movement, - positioned between laminar frames (2), shaking enabling the movement of the sample into the container Flexible connector (5) that prevents leakage. − laminar frames (2) during lateral loading in one direction 15 lateral support that directs movement and prevents rotation bearing (6), − on the outer support frame (1), vertical support bearing (4) and lateral laminar positioned on surfaces without support bearing (6) Lateral arrester (7) which limits the lateral movements of the frames (2), 20 - mounted on the inner corner joint area of ​​the laminar frame (2) Internal corner bracket (8) reinforcing the laminar frames (2), - mounted on the outer corner joint area of ​​the laminar frame (2) external corner bracket (9) reinforcing the laminar frames (2) − mounted on the base plate (3) and inside the laminar frame (2) 25 draining the water from the voids in the soil sample It includes a drainage system (10) that provides 2. Reinforced impermeable transparent ground container in accordance with Claim 1, Its feature is that the laminar frames (2) are made of plexiglas material.

3. Reinforced impermeable transparent ground container in accordance with Claim 1, 30 Its feature is that it connects to laminar frames (2) with connecting elements. It includes inner corner brackets (8) and outer corner brackets (9) that strengthen the frames.

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